CN105682898B - 用于风力涡轮机叶片壳体的接合方法 - Google Patents

用于风力涡轮机叶片壳体的接合方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105682898B
CN105682898B CN201480060982.1A CN201480060982A CN105682898B CN 105682898 B CN105682898 B CN 105682898B CN 201480060982 A CN201480060982 A CN 201480060982A CN 105682898 B CN105682898 B CN 105682898B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
blade
edge
blade shell
wind turbine
along
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201480060982.1A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN105682898A (zh
Inventor
J.H.加姆
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LM Wind Power AS
Original Assignee
LM Wind Power AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LM Wind Power AS filed Critical LM Wind Power AS
Publication of CN105682898A publication Critical patent/CN105682898A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105682898B publication Critical patent/CN105682898B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
    • B29C65/5014—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being fibre-reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5042—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1226—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1226—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • B29C66/12261—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment the two joint-segments being bevelled, e.g. the two joint-segments forming a V
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/304—In-plane lamination by juxtaposing or interleaving of plies, e.g. scarf joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/0025—Producing blades or the like, e.g. blades for turbines, propellers, or wings
    • B29D99/0028—Producing blades or the like, e.g. blades for turbines, propellers, or wings hollow blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like
    • B29C65/5021—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like characterised by the structure of said adhesive tape, threads or the like being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5042—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined
    • B29C65/505—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined and placed in a recess formed in the parts to be joined, e.g. in order to obtain a continuous surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/022—Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping
    • B29C66/0224—Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping with removal of material
    • B29C66/02241—Cutting, e.g. by using waterjets, or sawing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/022—Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping
    • B29C66/0224—Mechanical pre-treatments, e.g. reshaping with removal of material
    • B29C66/02245—Abrading, e.g. grinding, sanding, sandblasting or scraping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/22—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns
    • B29C66/221—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a sinusoidal wave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/22—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns
    • B29C66/223—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a triangle wave or of a sawtooth wave, e.g. zigzagged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72329—Wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/08—Blades for rotors, stators, fans, turbines or the like, e.g. screw propellers
    • B29L2031/082—Blades, e.g. for helicopters
    • B29L2031/085—Wind turbine blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05B2280/6003—Composites; e.g. fibre-reinforced
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

本发明描述了一种制造风力涡轮机叶片的方法，所述叶片由接合在一起的至少一对叶片壳体（24，26）形成。对于风力涡轮机叶片的至少部分，叶片壳体（24，26）通过施加于叶片壳体（24，26）的边缘之间的覆层（76）接合，因而显著减少或消除了对接合叶片壳体的结构粘合剂的需要，尤其在叶片的前边缘（18）的区域或叶片后边缘的根部区域内更是这样。覆层（76）可用与叶片壳体（24，26）本身相同的材料形成，因而最小化了由于叶片壳体（24，26）之间界面处的材料或硬度等级的不同所导致的结构缺陷或裂纹的可能性。

Description

用于风力涡轮机叶片壳体的接合方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于接合风力涡轮机叶片的部段、特别是用于接合风力涡轮机叶片壳体以形成风力涡轮机叶片的系统和方法。
背景技术
风力涡轮机叶片一般由复合材料、特别是用树脂浸渍并固化以形成固体结构的玻璃和/或碳纤维材料制成。
风力涡轮机叶片制造的已知方法是形成分离的叶片壳体部段。通过将纤维材料层布置在适当成形的模具内，这些纤维材料层用后续固化的树脂浸渍，而形成这些壳体。然后，固体叶片壳体可粘合在一起以形成较大的风力涡轮机叶片结构。这些壳体传统上形成为风力涡轮机叶片的半部，例如对应于风力涡轮机叶片的迎风侧或压力侧的第一壳体以及对应于风力涡轮机叶片的背风侧或吸力侧的第二壳体。
壳体由通常沿着壳体的边缘施加于壳体之间的界面处的粘合剂接合，然后使其彼此接触并容许固化。在图5中示出了现有技术的叶片壳体之间结合的示例，其中粘合剂100沿着叶片的前边缘106位于上叶片壳体和下叶片壳体102、104的边缘之间。
为了改善壳体之间沿着这些粘合剂线的结合，可提供另外的粘合剂凸缘108作为壳体的部件，以将粘合剂保持在叶片壳体之间的结合区内。粘合剂凸缘108通常位于叶片内部上，可以作为叶片壳体102、104之一的部件，使得当这些壳体被置于一起时，粘合剂凸缘108位于壳体102、104的边缘之间的结合线的内侧上，以捕捉和收集可能在壳体边缘之间被挤压进叶片内部的任何过量的粘合剂110。
一旦这些壳体沿着结合区彼此粘接后，可需要另外的完成工序（finishingoperation）以提供叶片壳体之间的结合线区域内的光滑外表面。这些完成工序可包括结合线的外表面和/或结合线的覆层（overlamination）112的研磨或抛光，以提供适合空气动力学的外表面。
这些结合区内使用的粘合剂对最终叶片结构增加了相当大重量和成本。另外，由于基于纤维复合材料的叶片壳体与结合线内使用的粘合剂之间的材料成分以及相关硬度的不同，这些粘合剂的使用可导致在成品叶片内形成结构裂纹或缺陷。
本发明的目的是提供用于接合风力涡轮机叶片部段的系统和方法，其解决了上述问题，具体是在改善风力涡轮机叶片内的结合区的性能的同时，减少了风力涡轮机叶片的重量和对粘合剂的使用。
发明内容
因此，本发明提供了一种制造风力涡轮机叶片的至少部分的方法，其中，所述方法包括步骤：
提供具有第一边缘的第一叶片壳体，
提供具有第二边缘的第二叶片壳体，以及
通过提供在所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘之间延伸的覆层，沿着所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的至少部分将所述第一叶片壳体接合到所述第二叶片壳体。
所述覆层代替了在叶片壳体之间的边缘处的结构粘合剂的使用。结构粘合剂理解为可用于产生承载接合部的粘合剂。
优选地，所述覆层施加到所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的外表面。使覆层位于叶片外表面上容许易于施加覆层以将叶片壳体紧固到一起。另外，在施加后所述覆层可被容易地检查到以确保已充分地施加覆层，并起到将叶片壳体接合到一起的作用。
所述覆层可以理解为纤维材料的基体和树脂。优选地，所述覆层由与叶片壳体的相同的材料形成。
可以理解，所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的所述部分之间的接合基本上在无结构粘合剂的情况下形成。而且，所述接合通过利用树脂形成以将覆层紧固到叶片壳体。由于在所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的所述部分之间基本上没有使用结构粘合剂，因此叶片壳体利用所述覆层接合。
优选地，沿着所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的所述部分，叶片壳体是仅利用覆层接合的，其中沿着所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的所述部分没有使用另外的粘合剂或胶粘剂。
因此，由于减少了对结构粘合剂接合部的需要，故风力涡轮机叶片的重量和成本可最小化。另外，所述覆层可选择成使得覆层材料具有与叶片壳体基本相似的材料和硬度性能，因而降低了由于不同材料或硬度性能而导致结构缺陷或裂纹的可能性。
优选地，所述第一和第二叶片壳体设置成其中在所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘之间的界面处限定有凹部，且其中，所述覆层至少部分地容纳在所述凹部内。
通过在叶片壳体内的凹部内提供覆层，由于覆层和相关的凹部的尺寸可设计为符合期望的翼型轮廓，因此可保持成品风力涡轮机叶片的空气动力学轮廓。
本发明进一步提供了一种制造风力涡轮机叶片的至少部分的方法，其中所述方法包括步骤：
提供第一叶片壳体，所述第一叶片壳体具有沿着所述第一壳体的边缘的至少部分的第一锥形部段；
提供第二叶片壳体，所述第二叶片壳体具有沿着所述第二壳体的边缘的至少部分的第二锥形部段；
将所述第一和第二叶片壳体置于一起，使得所述第一锥形部段抵接所述第二锥形部段，以形成沿着所述第一和第二叶片壳体的边缘之间的边界定位的凹通道；以及
将层压结构（laminate）施加到所述凹通道内以接合所述第一和第二叶片壳体。
由于所述凹部可由叶片壳体的锥形边缘形成，因此可在制造叶片壳体本身过程中，例如通过选择适当轮廓化的叶片模具，形成这种锥形。另外地或替代地，可通过切割或研磨叶片壳体的边缘提供这种锥形。通过锥形部段，可以理解，这种锥形可包括平滑式锥形（even tapering）或阶梯式锥形，且这种锥形可延伸穿过叶片壳体的整个厚度，或可穿过叶片壳体壁延伸至一定深度。
优选地，所述层压结构设置为基本上充满所述凹通道。
在一方面中，所述层压结构的最大厚度基本上等于所述第一和第二叶片壳体的邻近所述边缘处的厚度。
通过使层压结构具有与壳体厚度相同的深度，借助于在壳体之间界面处使用层压结构，保持了所设计叶片的翼型轮廓的空气动力学轮廓。
优选地，叶片壳体由多个纤维材料层的铺设层形成，纤维材料例如为玻璃纤维、碳纤维等，其中所述锥形部段包括穿过叶片壳体本体直至纤维材料单层或单片的锥形。
优选地，所述层压结构被施加成使得所述层压结构的暴露表面与所述第一和第二叶片壳体的邻近所述凹通道的暴露表面基本齐平。
以这种方式设置层压结构在覆层区域内为叶片外表面提供了光滑的空气动力学轮廓。
在一优选方面中，所述第一和第二锥形部段沿着相应的所述第一和第二叶片壳体的前边缘定位。
优选地，施加层压结构的所述步骤包括将所述层压结构设置在所述凹通道内以沿着所述第一和第二叶片壳体部分之间的前边缘边界完成空气动力学轮廓。
在另外的或替代的方面中，所述第一和第二锥形部段沿着所述第一和第二叶片壳体的相应后边缘、优选为邻近所述第一和第二叶片壳体的根部端部的所述后边缘定位。
优选地，所述方法包括提供由与所述第一和第二叶片壳体基本相同的材料形成的层压结构或覆层的步骤。
通过提供由与叶片壳体相同的材料形成的层压结构，因此在叶片壳体与层压结构之间不存在硬度性能的差异。这种材料选择显著地降低了因沿着壳体之间结合线的硬度变化所导致的结构裂纹形成的可能性。
在一方面中，叶片壳体至少部分地由纤维复合层压结构材料的基体和固化树脂形成。
优选地，施加层压结构或提供覆层的所述步骤包括：
优选在所述凹通道内，沿着所述叶片壳体的所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的至少部分定位至少一个纤维材料层；
用树脂浸渍所述至少一个纤维材料层；以及
固化所述树脂以结合所述第一和第二叶片壳体。
所述浸渍的步骤可包括将树脂施加到纤维材料的表面，例如辊子设备、真空浸渍等。替代地，施加层压结构的步骤可包括将预铸层压结构件定位到所述凹通道内，并将所述层压结构件附接到所述凹通道内。可以理解，上述树脂可包括适用于复合结构中的任何树脂，优选为下列中至少一种或其组合：聚酯、乙烯基酯、聚亚安酯、环氧树脂。
在一方面中，所述方法还包括处理层压结构的外表面步骤，使得层压结构与第一和第二叶片壳体的邻接外表面齐平。所述处理步骤可包括适于产生基本上无缺陷的空气动力学光滑表面的任何表面处理，例如抛光操作。
在一方面中，提供第一和第二叶片壳体的所述步骤可包括在叶片壳体模具内形成所述第一和第二叶片壳体中的至少一个，其中在所述模具内限定所述第一和/或第二锥形部段。
在一方面中，提供叶片壳体模具，在所述模具的表面轮廓内限定有锥形部段。在一可替代的方面中，利用模具插件限定锥形部段。
在另外的或替代的方面中，提供第一和第二叶片壳体的所述步骤可包括通过在所述叶片壳体上进行机加工操作而沿着叶片壳体的边缘的至少部分形成锥形部段。所述机加工操作可包括研磨、切割、蚀刻、抛光等。
本发明进一步提供了一种风力涡轮机叶片，其包括：
第一叶片壳体，以及
第二叶片壳体，
其中，对于所述第一和第二叶片壳体之间的边界的至少部分，所述第一和第二叶片壳体部分通过覆层接合。
所述覆层施加到所述第一和第二叶片壳体的外表面。
可以理解，所述第一和第二叶片壳体之间的边界的所述至少部分是在基本上无结构粘合剂的情况下设置的。
优选地，所述第一和第二叶片壳体部分仅通过覆层接合。
优选地，提供了一种风力涡轮机叶片，其包括：
第一叶片壳体，所述第一叶片壳体具有沿着所述第一壳体的边缘的至少部分的第一锥形部段；以及
第二叶片壳体，所述第二叶片壳体具有沿着所述第二壳体的边缘的至少部分的第二锥形部段；
其中，所述第一和第二叶片壳体设置为使得所述第一锥形部段抵接所述第二锥形部段以形成沿着所述第一和第二叶片壳体的边缘之间的边界定位的凹通道；以及
其中，所述风力涡轮机叶片还包括位于所述凹通道内的层压结构，所述层压结构接合所述第一和第二叶片壳体。
优选地，所述层压结构由与所述第一和第二叶片壳体基本相同的材料形成。
优选地，所述层压结构包括至少一个纤维材料层和固化树脂。
优选地，所述风力涡轮机叶片包括沿着所述风力涡轮机叶片的前边缘的至少部分、优选地沿着基本上整个所述前边缘延伸的凹通道，其中，层压结构位于前边缘凹通道内，并沿着所述风力涡轮机叶片的前边缘的所述至少部分接合所述第一和第二叶片壳体。
另外地或替代地，所述风力涡轮机叶片包括沿着所述风力涡轮机叶片的后边缘的至少部分延伸的凹通道，其中，位于后边缘凹通道内的层压结构沿着所述风力涡轮机叶片的后边缘的所述至少部分接合所述第一和第二叶片壳体。
优选地，所述后边缘凹通道沿着风力涡轮机叶片的根部区域内的后边缘延伸，其中所述层压结构沿着风力涡轮机叶片的根部区域内的后边缘接合所述第一和第二叶片壳体。
本发明进一步提供一种包括至少一个如前所述的风力涡轮机叶片的风力涡轮机。
附图说明
参照附图，现将仅通过示例来描述本发明的实施方式，其中：
图1示出风力涡轮机；
图2示出根据本发明的风力涡轮机叶片的示意图；
图3示出图2的叶片的翼型轮廓的示意图；
图4示出从上方和从侧面观察到的图2的风力涡轮机叶片的示意图；
图5图示用于现有技术风力涡轮机叶片的前边缘粘合剂结合的放大剖视图；以及
图6图示用于根据本发明的风力涡轮机叶片的沿着风力涡轮机叶片前边缘的结合的放大剖视图。
具体实施方式
可以理解，在附图中，本发明的不同实施方式共用的元件标有相同参考标号。
图1图示根据所谓的“丹麦概念”的传统的现代迎风风力涡轮机2，其具有塔架4、机舱6以及具有大体水平转子轴的转子。转子包括轮毂8和自轮毂8沿径向延伸的三个叶片10，各叶片均具有最接近轮毂的叶片根部16和最远离轮毂8的叶片尖部14。转子具有表示为R的半径。
图2示出风力涡轮机叶片10的示意图。风力涡轮机叶片10具有传统风力涡轮机叶片的形状，并包括最接近轮毂的根部区域30、最远离轮毂的轮廓区域或翼型区域34以及位于根部区域30和翼型区域34之间的过渡区域32。叶片10 包括前边缘18和后边缘20，当叶片安装在轮毂上时，前边缘18面向叶片10的转动方向，后边缘20面向前边缘18的反向。
翼型区域34（也称作轮廓区域）具有对于产生升力而言理想的或几乎理想的叶片形状，然而根部区域30由于结构考量而具有基本圆形或椭圆形横截面，这例如使得将叶片10安装到轮毂变得更容易和更安全。根部区域30的直径（或弦）通常沿着整个根部区域30恒定。过渡区域32具有从根部区域30的圆形或椭圆形形状渐变为翼型区域34的翼型轮廓50的过渡轮廓42。过渡区域32的弦长通常随着与轮毂相距距离r的增加而大体线性地增加。
翼型区域34具有翼型轮廓50，该翼型轮廓50具有在叶片10的前边缘18和后边缘20之间延伸的弦。弦的宽度随着与轮毂相距距离r的增加而减小。
应注意，叶片的不同部段的弦通常不位于共用平面内，这是由于叶片可扭转和/或弯曲（即预弯曲），因此使弦平面具有对应扭转和/或弯曲的路线，这是最常见的情况，以为了补偿依赖于始自轮毂的半径的叶片的局部速度。
图3示出用多个参数描绘的风力涡轮机的典型叶片的翼型轮廓50的示意图，上述多个参数通常用于限定翼型的几何形状。翼型轮廓50具有压力侧52和吸力侧54，压力侧52和吸力侧54在使用过程中——即在转子转动过程中——分别通常面向上风（迎风）侧和下风（背风）侧。翼型50具有弦60，弦60具有在叶片的前边缘56和后边缘58之间延伸的弦长c。翼型50具有厚度t，厚度t限定为压力侧52和吸力侧54之间的距离。翼型的厚度t沿着弦60变化。从对称轮廓的偏差由中弧线62给出，中弧线62是贯穿翼型轮廓50的中线。可通过从前边缘56到后边缘58描绘内切圆能够发现该中线。该中线连接这些内切圆的中心，且从弦60的偏差或距离称作弯度f。不对称性也可用称作上弯度（或吸力侧弯度）和下弯度（或压力侧弯度）的参数来限定，上弯度（或吸力侧弯度）和下弯度（或压力侧弯度）分别限定为从弦60到吸力侧54和压力侧52的距离。
翼型轮廓经常以下列参数表征：弦长c、最大弯度f、最大弯度f的位置df、最大翼型厚度t（其为沿着中弧线62的内切圆的最大直径）、最大厚度t的位置dt、以及鼻突半径（未示出）。这些参数通常限定为对于弦长c的比值。因此，局部相对叶片厚度t/c被给定为局部最大厚度t和局部弦长c之间的比值。进一步地，最大压力侧弯度的位置dp可用作设计参数，当然最大吸力侧弯度的位置也可用作设计参数。
图4示出叶片的一些其它几何参数。叶片具有总叶片长度L。如图2所示，根部端部位于位置r = 0处，且尖部端部位于位置r = L处。叶片的台肩40位于位置 r = Lw处，并具有台肩宽度W，其等于台肩40处的弦长。根部的直径限定为D。进一步地，叶片设置有预弯曲，上述预弯曲限定为△y，其对应于从叶片的俯仰轴（pitch axis）22的出平面偏斜（out ofplane deflection）。
风力涡轮机叶片10通常包括由纤维增强聚合物制成的壳体，并通常制造为压力侧或迎风壳体部分24和吸力侧或背风壳体部分26，压力侧或迎风壳体部分24与吸力侧或背风壳体部分26沿着结合线28附接到一起，结合线28沿着叶片10的后边缘20和前边缘18延伸。风力涡轮机叶片通常由纤维增强塑料材料形成，例如设置在模具内并用树脂固化以形成固体结构的玻璃纤维和/或碳纤维。现代风力涡轮机叶片可经常为长度超过30或40米，具有数米的叶片根部直径。风力涡轮机叶片通常设计用于相对长的寿命，并承受相当大的结构和动态载荷。
参见结合线28，在图6中图示根据本发明一方面的前边缘结合线的放大图。在这种实施方式中，叶片壳体24、26的前边缘利用覆层接合，这就免除了对叶片壳体24、26之间结构粘合剂100的需要。
在这种情况下，可以理解，结合线28是指接合迎风壳体和背风壳体24、26的覆层的总区域。
在图6中，压力侧或迎风壳体部分24和吸力侧或背风壳体部分26在叶片10的前边缘18处、在结合线28的区域内相接。壳体24、26包括在已固化树脂内悬置的层或纤维材料70，其可施加在诸如软木、泡沫等芯部材料72的部分周围。至少沿着前边缘18的部分，壳体24、26的本体朝向壳体24、26的前边缘18端部在厚度上成锥形。
壳体24、26可与壳体24、26的前边缘18端部的这种锥形一体成型，例如通过使用具有壳体轮廓表面的适当成型的叶片壳体模具（未示出）、和/或模具插件，上述叶片壳体模具和模具插件结合了前边缘锥形轮廓。另外地或替代地，壳体24、26的前边缘18端部的锥形可通过模制后工艺完全或部分地形成，上述模制后工艺例如为在所述壳体24、26从叶片壳体模具（未示出）移出之后切割、研磨或抛光壳体24、26的前边缘18端部。
一旦壳体24、26设置有锥形端部后，将壳体24、26置于一起并闭合以形成风力涡轮机叶片10，使得无需在壳体端部之间存在结构粘合剂，迎风壳体24的前边缘端部抵接背风壳体26的前边缘端部。因此，壳体24、26的锥形前边缘18端部会聚到一起，以沿着叶片10的前边缘18的部分形成凹通道74。
在凹通道74内施加覆层76，覆层76在迎风壳体和背风壳体24、26的锥形部分之间延伸，并起到将壳体前边缘接合到一起的作用。在图6的实施方式中，选择覆层76，使得覆层76充分地填充凹通道74并与风力涡轮机叶片壳体24、26的邻接表面齐平，因而保持了叶片10的前边缘18的空气动力学轮廓。
覆层76优选地包括施加到叶片10的前边缘18的多个纤维材料层，上述纤维材料层设置在树脂内，上述树脂将纤维材料层结合在一起，同时也结合到迎风壳体和背风壳体24、26的锥形部分。
覆层76可呈分离层的形式设置，然后这些分离层被浸渍以树脂，和/或覆层76可设置成束，或者成叠的层可作为预浸料施加，预浸料可至少部分地浸渍未固化树脂，其中，预浸料可浸渍以另外的树脂以将覆层76结合到壳体24、26，其中上述树脂后续固化。
优选地，覆层76由与风力涡轮机叶片壳体24、26的本体相同的材料形成，例如用诸如聚酯、乙烯基酯、环氧树脂等适当的树脂浸渍的玻璃纤维材料和/或碳纤维材料。
覆层76容许在不使用相对较重且昂贵的结构粘合剂的情况下接合叶片壳体24、26。此外，由于覆层76可由与叶片壳体24、26的本体相同的材料形成，因此叶片壳体24、26之间前边缘接合的失效阻力增大，因为基本上消除了壳体与接合材料之间的硬度等级以及其它材料性能差异。
优选地，覆层76可用于风力涡轮机叶片10的翼型轮廓的大体圆形轮廓部分之间的接合，例如沿着叶片10的前边缘18和/或沿着叶片10的根部端部16附近的后边缘20。可以理解，本发明的接合方法可与叶片的其它区域的其它技术相结合，例如在叶片壳体之间使用结构粘合剂。
浸渍覆层76的步骤可包括将树脂施加到施加于凹通道74内的纤维材料的表面，例如利用辊子设备、真空浸渍等。替代地，施加层压结构的步骤可包括将预铸层压结构件定位到所述凹通道76内，并用固化树脂将层压结构件附接到所述凹通道内。
图6的实施方式示出叶片壳体24、26的前边缘18端部终止于锥形部段。可以理解，叶片壳体24、26在前边缘18处的锥形可包括叶片壳体本体的厚度在所述端部处的完全或部分锥形。在一方面中，锥形可延伸穿过叶片壳体24、26的本体直至单纤维材料层。另外地或替代地，壳体24、26的前边缘18端部可包括穿过壳体本体厚度的阶梯式锥形或部分锥形。
优选地，锥形被设计成沿着叶片壳体24、26的纵向长度的部分具有基本恒定的横截面。另外地或替代地，锥形可设计成沿着叶片壳体24、26的纵向方向呈锯齿状或Z字形方式。另外地或替代地，锥形可设计成沿着叶片壳体24、26的纵向方向呈波状或类波浪状方式。
利用覆层接合叶片壳体部件容许减少使用结构粘合剂的风力涡轮机叶片的制造。
另外，使用与叶片壳体部件的本体的基本相同的材料形成覆层，由于壳体部件与接合材料之间基本相同的硬度等级和材料性能，使得沿着部件之间结合线产生结构缺陷的风险降低。
本发明不限于本文所述实施方式，在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下可对本发明进行修改或适应性改变。

Claims (17)

1.一种制造风力涡轮机叶片的至少部分的方法，其中，所述方法包括步骤：
提供具有第一边缘的第一叶片壳体，
提供具有第二边缘的第二叶片壳体，以及
通过提供在所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘之间延伸的覆层，沿着所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的至少部分将所述第一叶片壳体接合到所述第二叶片壳体，其中，所述接合是在基本上无结构粘合剂的情况下进行的，并且其中，所述覆层被施加到所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的外表面。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，沿着所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的至少部分将所述第一叶片壳体接合到所述第二叶片壳体的所述步骤是在无结构粘合剂的情况下进行的，其中，沿着所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的至少部分，所述叶片壳体是仅使用所述覆层接合的。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述第一和第二叶片壳体被设置成其中在所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘之间的界面处限定有凹部，并且其中，所述覆层至少部分地容纳在所述凹部内。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的制造风力涡轮机叶片的至少部分的方法，其中，所述方法包括步骤：
提供第一叶片壳体，所述第一叶片壳体具有沿着所述第一壳体的边缘的至少部分的第一锥形部段；
提供第二叶片壳体，所述第二叶片壳体具有沿着所述第二壳体的边缘的至少部分的第二锥形部段；
将所述第一和第二叶片壳体置于一起，使得所述第一锥形部段抵接所述第二锥形部段，以形成沿着所述第一和第二叶片壳体的边缘之间的边界定位的凹通道；以及
将层压结构施加到所述凹通道内以接合所述第一和第二叶片壳体。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述层压结构设置为基本上充满所述凹通道。
6.如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其中，所述第一和第二锥形部段沿着相应的所述第一和第二叶片壳体的前边缘定位。
7.如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其中，所述第一和第二锥形部段沿着所述第一和第二叶片壳体的相应的后边缘定位。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述第一和第二锥形部段沿着邻近所述第一和第二叶片壳体的根部端部的后边缘定位。
9.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述方法包括提供由与所述第一和第二叶片壳体基本相同的材料形成的层压结构或覆层的步骤。
10.如权利要求4所述的方法，其中，提供覆层或施加层压结构的所述步骤包括：
在所述凹通道内，沿着所述第一和第二叶片壳体的所述第一边缘和所述第二边缘的至少部分定位至少一个纤维材料层；
用树脂浸渍所述至少一个纤维材料层；以及
固化所述树脂以结合所述第一和第二叶片壳体。
11.一种风力涡轮机叶片，包括：
第一叶片壳体，以及
第二叶片壳体，
其中，对于所述第一和第二叶片壳体之间的边界的至少部分，所述第一和第二叶片壳体部分在基本上不使用结构粘合剂的情况下通过覆层接合，并且其中，所述覆层施加到所述第一和第二叶片壳体的外表面。
12.如权利要求11所述的风力涡轮机叶片，包括：
第一叶片壳体，所述第一叶片壳体具有沿着所述第一壳体的边缘的至少部分的第一锥形部段；以及
第二叶片壳体，所述第二叶片壳体具有沿着所述第二壳体的边缘的至少部分的第二锥形部段；
其中，所述第一和第二叶片壳体设置为使得所述第一锥形部段抵接所述第二锥形部段以形成沿着所述第一和第二叶片壳体的边缘之间的边界定位的凹通道；以及
其中，所述风力涡轮机叶片还包括位于所述凹通道内的层压结构，所述层压结构接合所述第一和第二叶片壳体。
13.如权利要求12所述的风力涡轮机叶片，其中，所述层压结构或所述覆层由与所述第一和第二叶片壳体基本相同的材料形成。
14.如权利要求11或12所述的风力涡轮机叶片，其中，所述风力涡轮机叶片包括沿着所述风力涡轮机叶片的前边缘的至少部分延伸的凹通道，其中，层压结构位于所述前边缘凹通道内并沿着所述风力涡轮机叶片的前边缘的所述至少部分接合所述第一和第二叶片壳体。
15.如权利要求14所述的风力涡轮机叶片，其中，所述凹通道沿着整个所述前边缘延伸。
16.如权利要求11或12所述的风力涡轮机叶片，其中，所述风力涡轮机叶片包括沿着所述风力涡轮机叶片的后边缘的至少部分延伸的凹通道，其中，位于所述后边缘凹通道内的层压结构沿着所述风力涡轮机叶片的后边缘的所述至少部分、在所述风力涡轮机叶片的根部区域内接合所述第一和第二叶片壳体。
17.一种包括至少一个如权利要求11至16中任一项所述的风力涡轮机叶片的风力涡轮机。
CN201480060982.1A 2013-11-06 2014-11-05 用于风力涡轮机叶片壳体的接合方法 Active CN105682898B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13191730 2013-11-06
EP13191730.4 2013-11-06
PCT/EP2014/073779 WO2015067637A1 (en) 2013-11-06 2014-11-05 A joining method for wind turbine blade shells

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105682898A CN105682898A (zh) 2016-06-15
CN105682898B true CN105682898B (zh) 2018-02-06

Family

ID=49518830

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201480060982.1A Active CN105682898B (zh) 2013-11-06 2014-11-05 用于风力涡轮机叶片壳体的接合方法

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US11203167B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3065934B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN105682898B (zh)
BR (1) BR112016009592B1 (zh)
DK (1) DK3065934T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2734572T3 (zh)
PL (1) PL3065934T3 (zh)
TR (1) TR201909374T4 (zh)
WO (1) WO2015067637A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK201570881A1 (da) * 2015-05-26 2017-01-30 Blade Repair Solutions Ivs Fremgangsmåde til etablering af erosionsbestandig overfladedel på en vindmøllevinge, fremgangsmåde til dannelse af en erosionsbestandig belægning, vindmøllevinge med eftermonteret belægning i og omkring områder hvor vingen er særligt udsat for erosionsskader, belægning til montering på en vindmøllevinges forkant.
GB201509991D0 (en) * 2015-06-09 2015-07-22 Vestas Wind Sys As Modular wind turbine blades
CN108495739B (zh) * 2015-11-25 2021-08-24 维斯塔斯风力系统有限公司 用于制造风轮机叶片本体的方法与设备
US11143163B2 (en) * 2016-03-08 2021-10-12 Semtive Inc. Vertical axis wind turbine
US11572861B2 (en) * 2017-01-31 2023-02-07 General Electric Company Method for forming a rotor blade for a wind turbine
JP6672233B2 (ja) * 2017-09-25 2020-03-25 三菱重工業株式会社 複合材翼の成形方法、複合材翼及び複合材翼の成形型
US20190293049A1 (en) * 2018-03-26 2019-09-26 General Electric Company Methods for Joining Blade Components of Rotor Blades Using Printed Grid Structures
CN112292257A (zh) * 2018-04-30 2021-01-29 通用电气公司 用于形成用于风力涡轮的转子叶片的方法
CN112956124A (zh) 2018-09-12 2021-06-11 伊格纳西奥·华雷斯 微型逆变器及控制器
DE102018133508A1 (de) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 Wobben Properties Gmbh Rotorblattform zur Herstellung eines Rotorblatts und Verfahren
EP4338938A1 (en) * 2022-05-09 2024-03-20 Newtech Group Co., Ltd. Modular blade connection structure, method, and tooling

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1867770A (zh) * 2003-02-28 2006-11-22 维斯塔斯风力系统有限公司 制造风轮机叶片的方法、风轮机叶片、前盖以及前盖的应用
CN101992566A (zh) * 2009-08-20 2011-03-30 西门子公司 纤维增强塑料结构以及生产纤维增强塑料结构的方法
WO2013001458A2 (en) * 2011-06-27 2013-01-03 Iq Tec Switzerland Gmbh Preforming pre-preg

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006002621A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-12 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind turbine blades made of two separate sections, and method of assembly
US7824592B2 (en) * 2006-09-22 2010-11-02 General Electric Company Bond line forming method
US7811063B2 (en) * 2006-11-03 2010-10-12 General Electric Company Damping element for a wind turbine rotor blade
US20090146433A1 (en) 2007-12-07 2009-06-11 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for fabricating wind turbine components
EP2228198A1 (en) * 2009-05-18 2010-09-15 Lm Glasfiber A/S A method of strengthening a wind turbine blade and the strengthened blade
DE102009046293B4 (de) 2009-11-02 2013-03-28 Repower Systems Ag Rotorblatt mit Entwässerungsbohrung
EP2368699B1 (en) * 2010-03-22 2018-11-21 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Method for manufacturing a blade spar for a windturbine
GB201011539D0 (en) * 2010-07-08 2010-08-25 Blade Dynamics Ltd A wind turbine blade
US8057189B2 (en) * 2010-12-15 2011-11-15 General Electric Company Wind turbine blade with modular leading edge
ES2399259B1 (es) * 2011-05-24 2014-02-28 Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L. Un método de unión para una pala de aerogenerador multi-panel.
US8834117B2 (en) * 2011-09-09 2014-09-16 General Electric Company Integrated lightning receptor system and trailing edge noise reducer for a wind turbine rotor blade
EP2626196A1 (en) 2012-02-07 2013-08-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Joining of composite shells using a preform
IN2012DE00573A (zh) * 2012-02-29 2015-06-05 Gen Electric
US8876482B2 (en) * 2012-09-11 2014-11-04 United Technologies Corporation Electrical grounding for blade sheath
US9719490B2 (en) * 2014-10-31 2017-08-01 General Electric Company Wind turbine blade with bond paste inspection window and associated method
US10473086B2 (en) * 2015-08-26 2019-11-12 General Electric Company Erosion resistant leading edge cap for a wind turbine rotor blade

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1867770A (zh) * 2003-02-28 2006-11-22 维斯塔斯风力系统有限公司 制造风轮机叶片的方法、风轮机叶片、前盖以及前盖的应用
CN101992566A (zh) * 2009-08-20 2011-03-30 西门子公司 纤维增强塑料结构以及生产纤维增强塑料结构的方法
WO2013001458A2 (en) * 2011-06-27 2013-01-03 Iq Tec Switzerland Gmbh Preforming pre-preg

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3065934A1 (en) 2016-09-14
ES2734572T3 (es) 2019-12-10
DK3065934T3 (da) 2019-07-22
WO2015067637A1 (en) 2015-05-14
TR201909374T4 (tr) 2019-07-22
EP3065934B1 (en) 2019-04-10
US20160279867A1 (en) 2016-09-29
BR112016009592A2 (zh) 2017-08-01
PL3065934T3 (pl) 2019-09-30
US11203167B2 (en) 2021-12-21
CN105682898A (zh) 2016-06-15
BR112016009592B1 (pt) 2022-04-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105682898B (zh) 用于风力涡轮机叶片壳体的接合方法
CN102996327B (zh) 风机的转子叶片及相应制造方法
CN104981338B (zh) 包括带有凹部和预制梁帽的空气动力学叶片壳体的风力涡轮机叶片
US8250761B2 (en) Methods of manufacturing rotor blades for a wind turbine
EP2388477B1 (en) Blade of a wind turbine
CN105358300B (zh) 用于制造风力涡轮机叶片的方法和工具以及制造的叶片
CN106662070A (zh) 用于风力涡轮机叶片的叶尖系统
CN109989877A (zh) 风轮机叶片翼梁帽的波纹轮廓的拉挤纤维复合材料条带
CN103213286B (zh) 带有包括粗纱的尾缘的风力涡轮机转子叶片
CN107636303A (zh) 具有后缘间隔部分的风力涡轮机叶片
CN104696167B (zh) 一种钝尾缘风力涡轮机叶片及其实施装置与方法
CN106457719A (zh) 具有改进的纤维过渡的风力涡轮机叶片
CN106457696A (zh) 以两个步骤制造的风力涡轮机叶片部件
CN109098929A (zh) 具有混合式翼梁帽的风力涡轮叶片及制造的相关联方法
CN105899353B (zh) 用于制造风力涡轮机叶片部件的系统和方法
CN104903570B (zh) 在平脊板附近具有外部粘合凸缘的风力涡轮机
CN109311252A (zh) 制造风力涡轮机叶片的方法
EP3019332B1 (en) Wind turbine blade
EP3548261B1 (en) Method and system for manufacturing a shear web for a wind turbine blade
EP2534374A1 (en) Foam members and a spar are assembled then coated and finished to form a blade for a wind turbine
CN109563805A (zh) 风轮机叶片及制造风轮机叶片的方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant