CN105675966B - A kind of fault arc detection method and its protective device based on difference calculation - Google Patents
A kind of fault arc detection method and its protective device based on difference calculation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105675966B CN105675966B CN201610016192.4A CN201610016192A CN105675966B CN 105675966 B CN105675966 B CN 105675966B CN 201610016192 A CN201610016192 A CN 201610016192A CN 105675966 B CN105675966 B CN 105675966B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 218
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000000803 paradoxical Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
Abstract
The fault arc detection method and its protective device, series fault arc, parallel arc fault, human electric shock and the electric power loop paradoxical discharge for solving all kinds of AC power supply systems and DC power system compared with prior art that the present invention relates to a kind of to be calculated based on difference are difficult to the defect accurately detected.The present invention is the following steps are included: confirmation normal condition；Monitoring runs and assumes malfunction；Normal condition electric signal difference is compared with malfunction electric signal difference, if exceeding given threshold, determines that fault electric arc exists.Present invention realization effectively detects series fault arc, parallel arc fault, human electric shock and electric power loop paradoxical discharge of all kinds of AC power supply systems and DC power system etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection of the fault electric arc of AC power supply system and DC power system and human electric shock's detection and protect
Technical field is protected, specifically a kind of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference and its protective device.
Background technique
Fault electric arc is the main cause of electrical fire.Currently, all kinds of alternating current arc detection techniques are all based on failure electricity
The current waveform of arc or the feature of voltage waveform are detected and are identified in special frequency band；And all kinds of nonlinear loads have
Extremely complex electric current and voltage fundamental and harmonic wave are difficult to be distinguished with the waveform of fault electric arc.Direct current does not have zero crossing,
Fault electric arc and the waveform of load are even more to be difficult to compartment analysis.Based on the detection point of the fault electric arc of current waveform or voltage waveform
Analysis can not substantially solve the problems, such as erroneous judgement.
The firewire that electric shock is divided into power grid AC power source passes through human body to ground discharge, or passes through the electric discharge that human body constitutes power supply
Circuit.When exchanging firewire and the earth composition circuit, leak current fault can determine whether by the current differential of detection firewire and zero curve.And it hands over
Fault loop and DC power supply positive and negative anodes are constituted between the firewire in galvanic electricity source and between firewire and zero curve constitutes fault loop
, effectively detection and Reasonable Protection are a problem always.
How all kinds of series fault arcs and parallel arc fault and human electric shock and electric power loop effectively detected
Paradoxical discharge, and protect and alarm in time, it is related to the safety and stablization operation of personal safety, equipment and device, communal facility.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the series connection of all kinds of AC power supply systems and DC power system in the prior art
Fault electric arc, parallel arc fault, human electric shock and electric power loop paradoxical discharge are difficult to the defect accurately detected, provide a kind of base
The fault arc detection method and its protective device calculated in difference solves the above problems.And overcurrent protection and exchange can be increased
The functions such as firewire earth leakage protection realize more complete power-supply system protection and warning function.
To achieve the goals above, technical scheme is as follows:
It is a kind of based on difference calculate fault arc detection method, including power end, load end, for detect power end electricity
The power end electrical signal detection unit of power numerical value and load end electrical signal detection unit for detecting load end electric power numerical value, institute
The fault arc detection method stated the following steps are included:
Confirm normal condition, power end electrical signal detection unit and load end electrical signal detection unit calculate separately out power supply
The normal condition value of electrical signals at end and the normal condition value of electrical signals of load end, and two values are carried out to seek difference operation, it obtains normal
State electric signal difference；
Monitoring runs and assumes malfunction, power end electrical signal detection unit and load end electrical signal detection unit difference
The malfunction value of electrical signals of power end and the malfunction value of electrical signals of load end are calculated, and two values are carried out to seek poor fortune
It calculates, obtains malfunction electric signal difference；
Normal condition electric signal difference is compared with malfunction electric signal difference, if exceeding given threshold, is sentenced
Determine fault electric arc presence.
Confirm normal condition, the power end electrical signal detection unit detects normal condition power supply terminal voltage value, described
Load end electrical signal detection unit detect normal condition load terminal voltage value, and calculate the normal shape of power end and load end
State voltage difference；
Monitoring runs and assumes malfunction, and power end electrical signal detection unit detects malfunction power supply terminal voltage value,
Load end electrical signal detection unit detects malfunction load terminal voltage value, and calculates the malfunction of power end and load end
Voltage difference；
Normal condition voltage difference is compared with malfunction voltage difference, exceeds given threshold, then determines failure
Electric arc exists.
Confirm normal condition, the power end electrical signal detection unit detects normal condition power end current value, described
Load end electrical signal detection unit detect normal condition load end current value, and calculate the normal shape of power end and load end
State current differential；
Monitoring runs and assumes malfunction, and power end electrical signal detection unit detects malfunction power end current value,
Load end electrical signal detection unit detects malfunction load end current value, and calculates the malfunction of power end and load end
Current differential；
To normal condition current differential compared with malfunction current differential, exceeds given threshold, then determine fault electric arc
In the presence of or occur human electric shock or electric power loop paradoxical discharge.
Confirm normal condition: the power supply calculated by power end electrical signal detection unit and load end electrical signal detection unit
The normal condition electric signal difference at end and load end exports normal condition impedance value；
Monitoring runs and assumes malfunction: by power end electrical signal detection unit and load end electrical signal detection unit
The power end of calculating and the malfunction electric signal difference of load end export malfunction impedance value；
To normal condition impedance value compared with malfunction impedance value, exceed given threshold, then judge fault electric arc exist,
Or human electric shock or electric power loop paradoxical discharge occurs.
The power end electrical signal detection unit detects power supply terminal voltage value, the load end electrical signal detection unit detection
Load terminal voltage value；Power supply terminal voltage value and load terminal voltage value in real time compared with, exceed given threshold, then determine that fault electric arc is deposited
?；Or power supply terminal voltage value with load terminal voltage value repeatedly compared with exceed given threshold, then be determined as malfunction.
The power end electrical signal detection unit detects power end current value, the load end electrical signal detection unit detection
Load end current value；Power end current value and load end current value in real time compared with, exceed given threshold, then determine that fault electric arc is deposited
, or human electric shock and electric power loop paradoxical discharge occurs；Or power end current value and load end current value repeatedly compared with exceed
Given threshold is then determined as malfunction.
The power end electrical signal detection unit detection power end current value and voltage value and phase difference, export power supply end resistance
Anti- value；The load end electrical signal detection unit detection load end current value and voltage value and phase difference, export load terminal impedance
Value；Power end impedance value and load end impedance value in real time compared with, exceed given threshold, then determine that malfunction exists；Or power supply
Terminal impedance value with load end impedance value repeatedly compared with exceed given threshold, then be determined as malfunction.
Fault electric arc exists or when human electric shock, turns off power end, disconnects load end or disconnects power end and load
The operation of end loop.
If the power end includes Ganlei's AC power source and DC power supply, generator, energy storage device, solar photovoltaic
Source and supply convertor；If load end includes Ganlei's supply convertor, energy storage device and load device.
Power end electrical signal detection unit detects between power end voltage and current values, or detection power end and load end
Voltage and current values at any node；Load end electrical signal detection unit detects load terminal voltage value and current value, or inspection
Survey the voltage and current values between load end and power end at any node.
When power end is that multiple power supplys are connected, the voltage and current values of each power supply are detected respectively, or directly detect
The voltage and current values of total series-connection power supplies；When load end is multiple load in series, the voltage value of each load is detected respectively
And current value, or directly detect the voltage and current values of total series load.
Power end electrical signal detection unit and load end electrical signal detection unit are integrated in a device, or are encapsulated in
In two independent devices, or with power supply end device it is integrated with load end device it is integrated or with other devices it is integrated.
Power end electrical signal detection unit is inserted directly between power end and load end, or with the electricity of cable connection power end
The detection node of pressure value and current value；Load end electrical signal detection unit is inserted directly between load end and power end or electricity consumption
Cable connects the detection node of the voltage and current values of load end.
When power end electrical signal detection unit and load end electrical signal detection unit are independent device, it is in communication with each other mode
For communication cable connection communication, power line carrier communication, radio communication, infrared communication, optic communication, photoelectric coupling communication or
Undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance communication.
Fault electric arc exists or when human electric shock, disconnects power end or disconnects load end or disconnect power end and load end
Circuit；Disconnection protection device be breaker, relay, contactor, electronic switch, parallel connection electronic switch or mechanical switch.
When power end electrical signal detection unit and power supply end device are integrated, using the device of power supply end device complete detection and
The function of protection.
When load end electrical signal detection unit and load end device integrated, using the device of load end device complete detection and
The function of protection.
Beneficial effect
A kind of fault arc detection method and its protective device based on difference calculating of the invention, compared with prior art
Realize the series fault arc, parallel arc fault, human body for effectively detecting all kinds of AC power supply systems and DC power system
Electric shock and electric power loop paradoxical discharge etc..And the functions such as overcurrent protection and exchange firewire earth leakage protection can be increased, it realizes more
Add complete power-supply system protection and warning function.It can be used for detecting serial arc, parallel arc, human electric shock, abnormity of power supply
The device and technology of the detection of electric discharge and protection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system block diagram of the fault arc detection method calculated in the present invention based on difference；
Fig. 2 is the schematic block circuit diagram of power end electrical signal detection device；
Fig. 3 is the schematic block circuit diagram of load end electrical signal detection device；
Fig. 4 is the schematic block circuit diagram of integrated power end electrical signal detection device and load end electrical signal detection device；
Fig. 5 is the system block diagram of concatenated power end electrical signal detection device；
Fig. 6 is the system block diagram of concatenated load end electrical signal detection device；
Wherein, (1) power end, (2) load end, (3) power end electrical signal detection unit, (4) load end electrical signal detection unit,
(5) microprocessor, (6) voltage sensor, (7) current sensor, (8) telecommunication circuit, (9) power circuit, (10) communication cable, (11) measures
(12) cable protects device, (13) series fault arc, (14) parallel arc fault.
Specific embodiment
The effect of to make to structure feature of the invention and being reached, has a better understanding and awareness, to preferable
Examples and drawings cooperation detailed description, is described as follows:
The present invention is based on arc regions there are cathode drop and lonely column pressure drop and anode drop, and parallel arc fault and human body touch
The phenomenon that electricity and electric power loop paradoxical discharge will lead to power end current value and load end current value there are differences, detects to connect
The failures such as fault electric arc and parallel arc fault and human electric shock and electric power loop paradoxical discharge.
There are following 6 kinds (to can be used alone or appoint as shown in Figure 1, difference calculates fault electric arc and the method for human electric shock
Meaning is applied in combination):
1, the power end electrical signal detection unit 3 detects 1 voltage value of power end；The load end electrical signal detection unit
4 detection 2 voltage values of load end.The normal condition for confirming power-supply system calculates the normal condition electricity of power end 1 and load end 2
Pressure difference；The monitoring of power-supply system is run, and calculates power end 1 in real time and the voltage difference of load end 2 is poor as monitoring voltage
Value.Normal condition voltage difference and monitoring voltage difference comparsion exceed given threshold, then determine that fault electric arc exists.Or it is normal
Of-state voltage difference and monitoring voltage difference repeatedly compared with beyond given threshold, then be determined as fault electric arc state.
2, the power end electrical signal detection unit 3 detects 1 current value of power end；The load end electrical signal detection unit
4 detection 2 current values of load end.The normal condition for confirming power-supply system calculates the normal condition electricity of power end 1 and load end 2
Flow difference；The monitoring of power-supply system is run, and calculates power end 1 in real time and the current differential of load end 2 is poor as monitoring current
Value.Normal condition current differential and monitoring current difference comparsion exceed given threshold, then determine that parallel arc fault 14 exists,
Or human electric shock and electric power loop paradoxical discharge occurs.Or normal condition current differential and monitoring current difference repeatedly compared with exceed
Given threshold is then determined as malfunction.
3, the power end electrical signal detection unit 3 detects 1 current value of power end and voltage value and phase difference；The load
Electrical signal detection unit 4 is held to detect 2 current value of load end and voltage value and phase difference.Confirm the normal condition of power-supply system, meter
The normal condition electric signal difference for calculating power end 1 and load end 2, exports the normal condition impedance value of electric power loop；Power-supply system
Monitoring operation, calculate the electric signal difference of power end 1 Yu load end 2 in real time, export the monitoring impedance value of electric power loop.Just
Normal state impedance value exceeds given threshold compared with monitoring impedance value, then judges that malfunction exists.Or normal condition impedance value
Beyond given threshold compared with monitoring impedance value repeatedly, then it is determined as malfunction.
4, the power end electrical signal detection unit 3 detects 1 voltage value of power end；The load end electrical signal detection unit
4 detection 2 voltage values of load end.Power supply terminal voltage value and load terminal voltage value in real time compared with, exceed given threshold, then determine failure
Electric arc exists.Or power supply terminal voltage value and load terminal voltage value repeatedly compared with beyond given threshold, then be determined as malfunction.
5, the power end electrical signal detection unit 3 detects 1 current value of power end；The load end electrical signal detection unit
4 detection 2 current values of load end.Power end current value and load end current value in real time compared with, exceed given threshold, then determine failure
Electric arc exists, or human electric shock and electric power loop paradoxical discharge occurs.Or power end current value repeatedly compares with load end current value
Relatively exceed given threshold, is then determined as malfunction.
6, the power end electrical signal detection unit 3 detects 1 current value of power end and voltage value and phase difference, exports power supply
Terminal impedance value；The load end electrical signal detection unit 4 detects 2 current value of load end and voltage value and phase difference, export load
Terminal impedance value.Power end impedance value and load end impedance value in real time compared with, exceed given threshold, then determine that malfunction exists.
Or power end impedance value and load end impedance value repeatedly compared with beyond given threshold, then be determined as malfunction.
The normal condition of confirmation power-supply system has manual confirmation and automatically confirms that both of which: manual confirmation is to pass through key
Or the modes such as system program software confirm.Automatically confirm that it is by determining whether power end 1 and the voltage difference of load end 2 exceed
Given threshold；Or determine whether the current differential of power end 1 and load end 2 exceeds given threshold；Or determine power end 1 and load
The mode whether impedance differences at end 2 exceed given threshold confirms.Manual confirmation mode and automatically confirm that mode can be used in combination
Or one way in which is used alone.
The electric current and voltage of real-time monitoring power end 1 and load end 2 and impedance are, it can be achieved that power-supply system is closed from starting to
Overall process monitoring and control.And first confirm power end 1 and 2 normal condition of load end voltage and current and impedance difference simultaneously
Storage can accurately quickly compared with calculating power end and the voltage and current of load end and the difference of impedance in real time and giving
Detect fault electric arc and the human electric shock of power-supply system.Two kinds of detection modes are applied in combination: before confirming normal condition, in real time
The electric current and voltage and the difference of impedance for monitoring power end 1 and load end 2 change, and when failure issues fault-signal and starting is protected
Shield；After confirming normal condition, system will be accelerated to the detection acknowledging time of malfunction and improve Detection accuracy.
Detection unit and device can add fault test key.
Detection unit and device can add failure reset key.
It is restarted for system after avoiding malfunction from protecting, detection unit and device need manually to restart or system software
Control is restarted.
Power end 1 includes all kinds of AC power sources and DC power supply, generator, energy storage device, solar photovoltaic power, power supply
Converter etc.；Load end 2 includes all kinds of supply convertors, energy storage device, load device etc..
Power end electrical signal detection unit 3 detects 1 voltage and current values of power end, or detection power end 1 and load end 2
Between voltage and current values at any node；Load end electrical signal detection unit 4 detects 2 voltage value of load end and electric current
Voltage and current values between value, or detection load end 2 and power end 1 at any node.
When power end 1 is that multiple power supplys are connected: detecting each electricity respectively by multiple power end electrical signal detection units 3
The voltage and current values in source, serial communication between power end electrical signal detection unit 3, then communicated with other devices；Or pass through
Power end electrical signal detection unit 3 directly detects the voltage and current values of total series-connection power supplies.
When load end 2 is that multiple power supplys are connected: being detected respectively by multiple load end electrical signal detection units 4 each negative
The voltage and current values of load, serial communication between load end electrical signal detection unit 4, then communicated with other devices；Or pass through
Load end electrical signal detection unit 4 directly detects the voltage and current values of total series load.
Power end electrical signal detection unit 3 and load end electrical signal detection unit 4 can integrate a device or two
Independent device integrates with power supply end device or integrates with load end device or integrate with other devices.
Power end electrical signal detection unit 3 can with photovoltaic component terminal box or accumulators collection at；Load end electrical signal detection
Unit 4 can be integrated with inverter or frequency converter.
Power end electrical signal detection unit 3 is inserted directly between power end and load end, or with cable connection power end
The detection node of voltage and current values；Load end electrical signal detection unit 4 is inserted directly between load end and power end, or is used
The detection node of the voltage and current values of cable connection load end.
When power end electrical signal detection unit 3 and load end electrical signal detection unit 4 are independent device, the side of being in communication with each other
Formula includes that communication cable connection communication, power line carrier communication, radio communication, infrared communication, optic communication, photoelectric coupling are logical
Letter, undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance communication etc..
Fault electric arc exists or when human electric shock, disconnects power end 1 or disconnects the circuit of power end 1 and load end 2；It can break
The protection device opened includes breaker, relay, contactor, electronic switch, the electronic switch of parallel connection and mechanical switch etc.；Concurrently
Be out of order information.
When power end electrical signal detection unit 3 and integrated power supply end device, the device that can use power supply end device is completed
The function of detection and protection.
When load end electrical signal detection unit 4 and integrated load end device, the device that can use load end device is completed
The function of detection and protection.
Power end electrical signal detection unit 3 and load end electrical signal detection unit 4 are passed using current sensor 7 and voltage
Sensor 6 detects the electric signals such as electric current and voltage.Electric signal is transmitted and is handled by microprocessor 5.
The bulk resistor of resistance, mutual inductor, Hall sensor, component may be selected in current sensor 7 and voltage sensor 6
Deng.
Case study on implementation of the invention is as follows:
1, power end electrical signal detection device
Fault electric arc detection technique and electric shock detection technique as shown in Figure 2 and protection, including power end 1, microprocessor
5, voltage sensor 6, current sensor 7, telecommunication circuit 8, power circuit 9.The interface circuit and voltage sensor of microprocessor 5
6 and current sensor 7 connect, detect the electric signals such as the voltage and current of power end 1, sent out electric signal by telecommunication circuit 9
Give load end electrical signal detection device.Power circuit 9 provides the working power needed to devices such as microprocessors 5.
When power end electrical signal detection device is such as designed to defencive function, examined with the load end electric signal received
The electric signal for surveying device is compared, and then judges that fault electric arc exists higher than given threshold.The control of microprocessor 5 protection when failure
The circuit of device disconnection fault electric arc；Or issue the shutdown of signal control power supply end device.
13 detection voltages of series fault arc, it is different with electric power loop when not needing parallel arc fault 14 and human electric shock
When normal discharge examination function, it may be selected not needing current detecting component.Parallel arc fault 14 and human electric shock and power supply return
Road paradoxical discharge needs to detect voltage and current.
There are two types of connection types: plug-in type has power supply end interface and load end interface.Cable type is connected by measurement cable 11
Connect measuring node.
Communication mode: including communication cable connection communication, power line carrier communication, radio communication, infrared communication, light
The modes such as communication, undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance communication.
Protected mode: can disconnect protection device 12 include breaker, relay, contactor, electronic switch, parallel connection electricity
Sub switch and mechanical switch etc.；And issue fault message.
Voltage and current sensor may be selected: resistance, mutual inductor, Hall sensor, bulk resistor of component etc..
2, load end electrical signal detection device
Fault electric arc detection technique and electric shock detection technique as shown in Figure 3 and protection, including power end 1, microprocessor
5, voltage sensor 6, current sensor 7, telecommunication circuit 8, power circuit 9.The interface circuit and voltage sensor of microprocessor 5
6 and current sensor 7 connect, detect the electric signals such as the voltage and current of load end 2, sent out electric signal by telecommunication circuit 8
Give power end electrical signal detection device.Power circuit 9 provides the working power needed to devices such as microprocessors 5.
When load end electrical signal detection device is such as designed to defencive function, examined with the power end electric signal received
The electric signal for surveying device is compared, and then judges that fault electric arc exists higher than given threshold.The control of microprocessor 5 protection when failure
The circuit of the disconnection fault electric arc of device 12；Or issue signal control load end device shutdown.
When load is battery, load end electrical signal detection device and charger communication compare electric signal difference, judgement
Fault electric arc disconnects the circuit of fault electric arc with the presence or absence of protection device is then controlled if any fault electric arc；Or issue signal control
Charger shutdown.
13 detection voltages of series fault arc, it is different with electric power loop when not needing parallel arc fault 14 and human electric shock
When normal discharge examination function, it may be selected not needing current detecting component.Parallel arc fault 14 and human electric shock and power supply return
Road paradoxical discharge needs to detect voltage and current.
There are two types of connection types: plug-in type has power supply end interface and load end interface.Cable type passes through measurement cable connection
Measuring node.
Communication mode: including communication cable connection communication, power line carrier communication, radio communication, infrared communication, light
The modes such as communication, undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance communication.
Protected mode: can disconnect protection device 12 include breaker, relay, contactor, electronic switch, parallel connection electricity
Sub switch and mechanical switch etc.；And issue fault message.
Voltage and current sensor may be selected: resistance, mutual inductor, Hall sensor, bulk resistor of component etc..
3, integrated power end electrical signal detection device and load end electrical signal detection device
Fault electric arc detection technique and electric shock detection technique as shown in Figure 4 and protection, including power end 1, microprocessor
5, two-way voltage sensor 6, two-way current sensor 7, power circuit 9.The interface circuit and voltage sensor 6 of microprocessor 5
It is connected with current sensor 7, detects that the electric signals such as the voltage and current of power end 1 and load end 2, power circuit 9 are given respectively
The equal devices of microprocessor 5 provide the working power needed.Load end electric signal is compared with power end electric signal, is higher than setting
Threshold value then judges that fault electric arc exists.The control of microprocessor 5 protection device 12 disconnects the circuit of fault electric arc in the event of failure；Or hair
Signal control load end device shutdown out；Or issue the shutdown of signal control power supply end device.
The device of unprotect function, microprocessor 5 issues alarm control signal when failure, and sends protection control to outside
Signal.
There are two types of connection types: plug-in type has power supply end interface and load end interface, and another measuring node passes through measurement electricity
Cable connection.The measuring node that cable type is separately connected power end 1 and load end 2 by measuring cable.
13 detection voltages of series fault arc, it is different with electric power loop when not needing parallel arc fault 12 and human electric shock
When normal discharge examination function, it may be selected not needing current detecting component.Parallel arc fault 12 and human electric shock and power supply return
Road paradoxical discharge needs to detect voltage and current.
Communication mode: including communication cable connection communication, power line carrier communication, radio communication, infrared communication, light
The modes such as communication, undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance communication.
Protected mode: can disconnect protection device 14 include breaker, relay, contactor, electronic switch, parallel connection electricity
Sub switch and mechanical switch etc.；And issue fault message.
Voltage and current sensor may be selected: resistance, mutual inductor, Hall sensor, bulk resistor of component etc..
4, concatenated power end electrical signal detection device
Fault electric arc detection technique as shown in Figure 5 and electric shock detection technique and protection, including it is concatenated power end 1, micro-
Processor 5, voltage sensor 6, current sensor 7, telecommunication circuit 8, power circuit 9.The interface circuit and voltage of microprocessor 5
Sensor 6 and current sensor 7 connect, and detect the electric signals such as the voltage and current at corresponding power end 1.Pass through telecommunication circuit 8
Electric signal is sent to adjacent power end electrical signal detection device；Or it is sent to load end electrical signal detection device.Power supply electricity
Road provides the working power needed to the equal devices of microprocessor 5.
When power end electrical signal detection device is such as designed to defencive function, compared with the electric signal received
Compared with, then judge higher than given threshold fault electric arc exist.The control of microprocessor 5 protection device 12 disconnects fault electric arc when failure
Circuit；Or issue signal control load end device shutdown.
Concatenated power end 1 photovoltaic module in this way, then power end electrical signal detection device may be selected to be embedded into photovoltaic module
Terminal box in；Load end electrical signal detection device may be selected to be embedded into inverter.
The battery of concatenated power end 1 electric car in this way, then load end electrical signal detection device may be selected to be embedded into
In frequency converter.
13 detection voltages of series fault arc, it is different with electric power loop when not needing parallel arc fault 14 and human electric shock
When normal discharge examination function, it may be selected not needing current detecting component.Parallel arc fault 14 and human electric shock and power supply return
Road paradoxical discharge needs to detect voltage and current.
There are two types of connection types: plug-in type has power supply end interface.Cable type passes through measurement cable connection measuring node.
Communication mode: including communication cable connection communication, power line carrier communication, radio communication, infrared communication, light
The modes such as communication, undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance communication.
Protected mode: can disconnect protection device 12 include breaker, relay, contactor, electronic switch, parallel connection electricity
Sub switch and mechanical switch etc.；And issue fault message.
Voltage and current sensor may be selected: resistance, mutual inductor, Hall sensor, bulk resistor of component etc..
5, concatenated load end electrical signal detection device
Fault electric arc detection technique as shown in FIG. 6 and electric shock detection technique and protection, including it is concatenated load end 2, micro-
Processor 5, voltage sensor 6, current sensor 7, telecommunication circuit 8, power circuit 9.The interface circuit and voltage of microprocessor 5
Sensor 6 and current sensor 7 connect, and detect the electric signals such as the voltage and current of corresponding load end 2；Pass through telecommunication circuit 7
Electric signal is sent to adjacent load end electrical signal detection device, or is sent to power end electrical signal detection device.Power supply electricity
Road provides the working power needed to the equal devices of microprocessor 5.
When load end electrical signal detection device is such as designed to defencive function, compared with the electric signal received
Compared with, then judge higher than given threshold fault electric arc exist.The control of microprocessor 5 protection device 12 disconnects fault electric arc when failure
Circuit；Or issue the shutdown of signal control power supply end device.
13 detection voltages of series fault arc, it is different with electric power loop when not needing parallel arc fault 14 and human electric shock
When normal discharge examination function, it may be selected not needing current detecting component.Parallel arc fault 14 and human electric shock and power supply return
Road paradoxical discharge needs to detect voltage and current.
There are two types of connection types: plug-in type has load end interface.Cable type passes through measurement cable connection measuring node.
Communication mode: including communication cable connection communication, power line carrier communication, radio communication, infrared communication, light
The modes such as communication, undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance communication.
Protected mode: can disconnect protection device 12 include breaker, relay, contactor, electronic switch, parallel connection electricity
Sub switch and mechanical switch etc.；And issue fault message.
Voltage and current sensor may be selected: resistance, mutual inductor, Hall sensor, bulk resistor of component etc..
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiment and the description is only the present invention
Principle, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, these variation and
Improvement is both fallen in the range of claimed invention.The present invention claims protection scope by appended claims and its
Equivalent defines.
Claims (17)
1. it is a kind of based on difference calculate fault arc detection method, including power end (1), load end (2), for detecting power supply
Hold the power end electrical signal detection unit (3) of electric power numerical value and the load end electrical signal detection for detecting load end electric power numerical value
Unit (4), be related to the series arc faults of AC power supply system and DC power system, parallel arc fault, human electric shock and
Electric power loop paradoxical discharge, which is characterized in that power end electrical signal detection unit (3) detects power end (1) voltage value and electric current
Voltage and current values between value, or detection power end (1) and load end (2) at any node；Load end electrical signal detection
Unit (4) detects between load end (2) voltage and current values, or detection load end (2) and power end (1) at any node
Voltage and current values；The fault arc detection method the following steps are included:
11) confirm normal condition, power end electrical signal detection unit (3) and load end electrical signal detection unit (4) calculate separately
The normal condition value of electrical signals of the normal condition value of electrical signals of power end (1) and load end (2) out, and two values are carried out to seek poor fortune
It calculates, obtains normal condition electric signal difference；
12) monitoring runs and assumes malfunction, power end electrical signal detection unit (3) and load end electrical signal detection unit
(4) the malfunction value of electrical signals of power end (1) and the malfunction value of electrical signals of load end (2) are calculated separately out, and to two
Value carries out seeking difference operation, obtains malfunction electric signal difference；
13) normal condition electric signal difference is compared with malfunction electric signal difference, if exceeding given threshold, is determined
Fault electric arc exists.
2. a kind of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
21) confirm normal condition, the power end electrical signal detection unit (3) detects normal condition power supply terminal voltage value, institute
Load end electrical signal detection unit (4) the detection normal condition load terminal voltage value stated, and calculate power end (1) and load end
(2) normal condition voltage difference；
22) monitoring runs and assumes malfunction, and power end electrical signal detection unit (3) detects malfunction power end voltage
Value, load end electrical signal detection unit (4) detects malfunction load terminal voltage value, and calculates power end (1) and load end
(2) malfunction voltage difference；
23) normal condition voltage difference is compared with malfunction voltage difference, exceeds given threshold, then determine failure electricity
Arc exists.
3. a kind of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
31) confirm normal condition, the power end electrical signal detection unit (3) detects normal condition power end current value, institute
Load end electrical signal detection unit (4) the detection normal condition load end current value stated, and calculate power end (1) and load end
(2) normal condition current differential；
32) monitoring runs and assumes malfunction, and power end electrical signal detection unit (3) detects malfunction power end electric current
Value, load end electrical signal detection unit (4) detects malfunction load end current value, and calculates power end (1) and load end
(2) malfunction current differential；
33) to normal condition current differential compared with malfunction current differential, exceed given threshold, then determine that fault electric arc is deposited
Or occur human electric shock or electric power loop paradoxical discharge.
4. a kind of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
41) confirm normal condition, calculated by power end electrical signal detection unit (3) and load end electrical signal detection unit (4)
Power end (1) and load end (2) normal condition electric signal difference, export normal condition impedance value；
42) monitoring runs and assumes malfunction, passes through power end electrical signal detection unit (3) and load end electrical signal detection list
The malfunction electric signal difference of power end (1) and load end (2) that first (4) calculate, exports malfunction impedance value；
43) to normal condition impedance value compared with malfunction impedance value, exceed given threshold, then determine fault electric arc exist or
Human electric shock or electric power loop paradoxical discharge occurs.
5. a kind of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the electricity
Source electrical signal detection unit (3) detects power supply terminal voltage value, load end electrical signal detection unit (4) the detection load end electricity
Pressure value；Power end (1) voltage value and load end (2) voltage value in real time compared with, exceed given threshold, then determine that fault electric arc is deposited
?；Or power end (1) voltage value with load end (2) voltage value repeatedly compared with exceed given threshold, then be determined as malfunction.
6. a kind of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the electricity
Source electrical signal detection unit (3) detects power end current value, load end electrical signal detection unit (4) the detection load end electricity
Flow valuve；Power end (1) current value and load end (2) current value in real time compared with, exceed given threshold, then determine that fault electric arc is deposited
, or human electric shock and electric power loop paradoxical discharge occurs；Or power end (1) current value repeatedly compares with load end (2) current value
Relatively exceed given threshold, is then determined as malfunction.
7. a kind of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the electricity
Source electrical signal detection unit (3) detects power end (1) current value and voltage value and phase difference, exports power end impedance value；Institute
State load end electrical signal detection unit (4) detection load end (2) current value and voltage value and phase difference, export load terminal impedance
Value；Power end impedance value and load end impedance value in real time compared with, exceed given threshold, then determine that malfunction exists；Or power supply
Terminal impedance value with load end impedance value repeatedly compared with exceed given threshold, then be determined as malfunction.
8. a kind of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to any one of claims 1-7, special
Sign is: fault electric arc exists or when human electric shock, turns off power end (1), disconnects load end (2) or disconnects power end
(1) with the operation in load end (2) circuit.
9. a kind of protection of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to any one of claims 1-7
Device, it is characterised in that: the power end (1) if include Ganlei's AC power source and DC power supply, generator, energy storage device,
Solar photovoltaic power and supply convertor；Load end (2) is if include Ganlei's supply convertor, energy storage device and load device.
10. a kind of guarantor of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to any one of claims 1-7
Protection unit, it is characterised in that: power end electrical signal detection unit (3) detects power end (1) voltage and current values, or detection electricity
Voltage and current values between source (1) and load end (2) at any node；Load end electrical signal detection unit (4) detection
Voltage value and electricity between load end (2) voltage and current values, or detection load end (2) and power end (1) at any node
Flow valuve.
11. a kind of guarantor of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to any one of claims 1-7
Protection unit, it is characterised in that: when power end (1) is that several power supplys are connected, detect the voltage value and electricity of each power supply respectively
Flow valuve, or directly detect the voltage and current values of total series-connection power supplies；When load end (2) are several load in series, respectively
The voltage and current values of each load are detected, or directly detect the voltage and current values of total series load.
12. a kind of guarantor of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to any one of claims 1-7
Protection unit, it is characterised in that: power end electrical signal detection unit (3) and load end electrical signal detection unit (4) are integrated in one
In device, or be encapsulated in two independent devices, or integrated with power end (1) device, or with load end (2) device collection
At, or it is integrated with other devices.
13. a kind of guarantor of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to any one of claims 1-7
Protection unit, it is characterised in that: power end electrical signal detection unit (3) is inserted directly between power end (1) and load end (2), or
With the detection node of the voltage and current values of cable connection power end (1)；Load end electrical signal detection unit (4) is inserted directly into
Between load end (2) and power end (1), or the detection node of the voltage and current values with cable connection load end (2).
14. a kind of guarantor of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to any one of claims 1-7
Protection unit, it is characterised in that: power end electrical signal detection unit (3) and load end electrical signal detection unit (4) are independent dress
When setting, it is logical for communication cable connection communication, power line carrier communication, radio communication, infrared communication, light to be in communication with each other mode
Letter, photoelectric coupling communication or undesirable mutual electromagnetic inductance communication.
15. a kind of guarantor of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to any one of claims 1-7
Protection unit, it is characterised in that: fault electric arc exists or when human electric shock, disconnects power end (1) or disconnects load end (2) or disconnect
The circuit of power end (1) and load end (2)；Disconnection protection device be breaker, relay, contactor, parallel connection electronic cutting
Pass or mechanical switch.
16. a kind of guarantor of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to any one of claims 1-7
Protection unit, it is characterised in that: when power end electrical signal detection unit (3) and integrated power end (1) device, utilize power supply end device
Device complete detection and protection function.
17. a kind of guarantor of fault arc detection method calculated based on difference according to any one of claims 1-7
Protection unit, it is characterised in that: when load end electrical signal detection unit (4) and integrated load end (2) device, utilize load end device
Device complete detection and protection function.
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| CN106199477B (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2019-06-18 | 西安华为技术有限公司 | Circuit, self-checking circuit, AFCI and photovoltaic generating system occur for noise |
| EP3502719A4 (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2020-04-15 | GD Midea Air-Conditioning Equipment Co., Ltd. | Household appliance, and arc fault detection device and method therefor |
| CN106054009B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-01-29 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Household appliance and fault arc detection device and method for it |
| CN113240876A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-10 | 姜玥 | Low-voltage power transmission wire and cable fire prevention and monitoring method |
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