CN105675448B - A kind of method of dynamic analog pollutant diffusion monitored towards quality of water environment - Google Patents
A kind of method of dynamic analog pollutant diffusion monitored towards quality of water environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN105675448B CN105675448B CN201410653274.0A CN201410653274A CN105675448B CN 105675448 B CN105675448 B CN 105675448B CN 201410653274 A CN201410653274 A CN 201410653274A CN 105675448 B CN105675448 B CN 105675448B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of dynamic analog pollutant diffusion monitored towards quality of water environment, include the following steps：Establish river model；Then it discharges model by continuous-stable or instantaneous discharge model calculates the current contamination concentration of measuring point in certain section；Current contamination concentration with environmental protection standard is compared, determines water grade, and with the section in color rendering river model.The present invention is not by time, territory restriction, it is often more important that will not really cause water pollution, and can simulating pollution object spread condition at any time, provide powerful information reference hence for the preferred plan for finding planning plant siting and urban development；Numerous parameters can be set according to different requirements, simulated under different situations, the spread condition of pollutant, so as to meet the needs of different.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to quality of water environment to monitor field, specifically a kind of visualization monitored towards quality of water environment
The method of dynamic analog pollutant diffusion.
Background technology
Water is Source of life, and water is all particularly important and active factor in natural environment and social environment.Water is not
That stops flows, and in human body, in farmland, in factory, makes All Around The World full of vitality, is that this world is most precious
Expensive wealth.Therefore it has important practical significance to the research of quality of water environment monitoring.
In recent years, as the increasingly serious and water contamination accident of global environment weather takes place frequently, countries in the world constantly add
Greatly to the dynamics of environmental protection, in face of such form, there is an urgent need to carrying by Information of the Environment means and environmental monitoring ability
Height for departments of government provides decision required Informational support in environmental protection, planning social development etc..
All it is often that water quality is constantly monitored by sensor in the monitoring of existing quality of water environment, once monitor water
Body takes related emergency measure after being polluted, but has actually had resulted in the loss that can not be retrieved.In fact it can close
Reason planning plant siting, reduces the factor for causing water pollution, therefore existing quality of water environment monitoring method is as far as possible
The requirement of today's society sustainable development cannot be met.
Invention content
For above-mentioned technical deficiency, a kind of Visual Dynamic monitored towards quality of water environment provided by the invention is simulated dirty
The method of object diffusion is contaminated, repeats the influence for reproducing pollutant to water quality, so as to provide science branch to the sustainable development of society
It holds.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of dynamic analog monitored towards quality of water environment
Intend the method for pollutant diffusion, include the following steps：
Establish river model；Then it discharges model by continuous-stable or instantaneous discharge model calculates measuring point in certain section
Current contamination concentration；Current contamination concentration with environmental protection standard is compared, determines water grade, and with color rendering river
The section in flow model.
The river model of establishing includes the following steps：
If the two sides in river are built into two curves connected and composed respectively by main section head and the tail by step 1), then two
If one is established among curve forms river axis by main section；
Step 2) determines the starting point of center line, and writes down the coordinate of the point；It is searched for successively from starting point along river direction
Several points, the distance between two points of arbitrary neighborhood is setting step-length；
Step 3) selects for a post meaning a bit on the outside of two curves for representing two sides, and the point is reflected on river axis
Penetrate to obtain mapping point, by optional point and mapping point line and extend it is in alignment, in the straight line and two curves and river
The intersection point of heart line is starting point, is taken a little every setting step-length along river direction, on curve and river axis, until curve knot
Beam；By each point line taken and coordinate transformation is carried out, forms latticed river model.
The continuous-stable discharge model includes：It is temporally dense with pollutant with the relational expression of pollutant concentration and by distance
The relational expression of degree.
It is described to be with the relational expression of pollutant concentration temporally：
Wherein, C0The initial concentration for being pollutant in riverQ is river discharge, C1For river
The background concentration of middle pollutant, C2For the pollutant concentration in sewage, q is the flow for the sewage for being discharged into river；C is pollutant
Concentration, DxFor longitudinal gas flow, uxFor mean velocity in section, K is the rate of decay of pollutant, and t is the time.
The relational expression by distance and pollutant concentration is：
Wherein, C0The initial concentration for being pollutant in riverQ is river discharge, C1For river
The background concentration of middle pollutant, C2For the pollutant concentration in sewage, q is the flow for the sewage for being discharged into river；C is pollutant
Concentration, DxFor longitudinal gas flow, uxFor mean velocity in section, K is the rate of decay of pollutant, x for pollution sources to current point it
Between distance.
The instantaneous discharge model is：
Wherein, x arrive the distance between current point for pollution sources, and t is the time, C (x, t) to originate at point source downstream distance x,
Concentration during time t；U is river flow, and M is the total amount of pollutant of dissolving, AcFor river cross section area, DLFor river longitudinal direction
Coefficient of dispersion, K are the rate of decay.
The invention has the advantages that and advantage：
1. visualization.Pollutant concentration value compares with environmental protection standard, determines water grade, and carry out wash with watercolours with corresponding color
Dye.In system it can clearly be seen that pollutant concentration at any time, the variation of distance and dynamic show different colors.More
It is convenient intuitively to show influence degree of the pollutant to environment.
It is 2. repeatable.Not by time, territory restriction, it is often more important that will not really cause water pollution, and can be at any time
Simulating pollution object spread condition provides powerful information hence for the preferred plan for finding planning plant siting and urban development
With reference to.
3. it can set.Numerous parameters can be set according to different requirements, simulated under different situations, the spread condition of pollutant,
So as to meet the needs of different.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 models schematic diagram for river.
Fig. 2 generally changes schematic diagram for river.
Fig. 3 is reconnaissance on map and obtains mapping point schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 forms planar section schematic diagram for cutting river reach.
Fig. 5 is dry run algorithm flow chart.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of Visual Dynamic simulating pollution object diffusion monitored towards quality of water environment.The party
Method is mainly the requirement that monitor according to quality of water environment, sets river to be simulated, river flow, pollutant type, the dirt discharged
The related important parameter such as object concentration, wastewater discharge is contaminated, secondly, picks up an initial point in map upper edge river, it is assumed that it is
Then the pollution sources to discharge pollutants, according to different analog form and analog type, it is dirty to carry out Visual Dynamic simulation
The situation that dye object is spread along river.
Include the following steps：
Step 1：River models.The two sides of natural river are modeled as two and form song by a series of slight arc sections
Line, and along river direction a number is assigned to each curved section clockwise.In addition established among two sides one have it is a series of
Straightway forms river axis.
Step 2：Generally change in river.Selected evaluation river, according to the flow direction in river, determines the starting point in river, and write down this
River is generalized as a series of continuous small fragments, and each segment assigns one by the coordinate of point then along the direction in river
A number.
Step 3：Reconnaissance and the point is calculated in the supercentral mapping point in river, then arrange parameter carries out coordinate on map
Conversion.
Step 4：According to the analog form and analog type set in step 3, corresponding model calculating is carried out.
The computation model includes continuous discharge stable model and instantaneous discharge model.Continuous discharge stable model uses
It is calculated as below：
Diffusion concentration：
Ignore longitudinal dispersion：C=C0exp[-(Kx/u)]
The formula calculated according to the time：
(flow velocity is not much different, substantially it is considered that in the case of at the uniform velocity)
Ignore longitudinal dispersion：C=C0exp(-Kt)
C0The initial concentration for being pollutant in river；Q is river discharge；C1Background concentration for pollutant in river；q
Flow for the sewage for being discharged into river；C2For certain pollutant concentration in sewage；C is the concentration of pollutant；DxFor longitudinal dispersion system
Number；uxFor mean velocity in section；K is the rate of decay (attenuation coefficient) of pollutant；T is the time.
Instantaneous discharge model calculates in the following way：At the x distances of instantaneous point source downstream, during the t times, concentration can be pressed
Formula calculates：
In formula：C (x, t) is at the distance x of instantaneous point source downstream, concentration during time t, mg/L；U is river flow, m/s；M
For the total amount of pollutant (being less than or equal to discharge capacity) of dissolving, g；AcFor river cross section area, m2；DLFor river longitudinal dispersion
Coefficient, m2/s；K is attenuation coefficient.
Generally change method in the river：Since the starting point of river axis, second node is searched (it is assumed that step
A length of 100m), if the distance of point-to-point transmission is more than step-length, node is inserted into point-to-point transmission according to step-length, makes the distance between any two points
For 100m, by 2 points of one line segments of generation and a number is assigned；If distance is less than step-length, next node is continued search for, it will
Two sections are combined into one section, then divide section according to step-length again.The node on river is traversed successively, until to a last node.
The map reconnaissance method is：It obtains the geographical coordinate of Chosen Point and calculates mapping of the point to river axis
Point, the number of river axis section where then obtaining the mapping point.
The coordinate transform is：It is using Xi'an1980 coordinate system (code name 2386) that spot projection is several to carry out into plane coordinates
What is calculated, and in plane coordinate system, is asked a little by geometry method, point is combined into after line and is gone back in projection.
The method that the model calculates is：First, from mapping point to distance to a declared goal or river terminal, each section is crossed
Point does a vertical line, intersects at 2 points of riverbank, and secondly, line segment numbers ascending sequence according to where intersection point, is sequentially connected each
A intersection point forms the planar segment in river, finally, according to specified analog form (temporally or distance) and analog type (by continuous
Stable emissions or instantaneous discharge) the pollutant concentration value of current river section is calculated, and result of calculation is opposite with environmental protection standard
Than determining water grade, being rendered with corresponding color.
As shown in Figure 1, carry out river modeling.The two sides of natural river are modeled as two (can by a series of straightways
Set according to the proportionate relationship of practical riverbank length) curve is formed, and assigned clockwise to each straightway along river direction
One number (such as：RB_00000001 ...).Calculated for convenience of later model, established among two sides one have it is a series of straight
Line segment forms river axis.
Generally change as shown in Fig. 2, carrying out river.According to the flow direction in river, the starting point in river is determined, and write down the seat of the point
Mark.Since the starting point of river axis, second node (it is assumed that step-length is 100m) is searched, if the distance of point-to-point transmission is big
In step-length, node is inserted into point-to-point transmission according to step-length, it is 100m to make the distance between any two points, by 2 points of generations, one line segment simultaneously
One number of imparting (such as：RC_00000001 ...)；If distance is less than step-length, next node is continued search for, by two sections of conjunctions
It is one section, then divides section according to step-length again.The node on river is traversed successively, until to a last node.
As shown in figure 3, selected element on map, is denoted as point S, point S is first determined whether on river axis, if not
Point S was then being needed to make vertical line section to river axis and is handing over river axis in point S ', so as to obtain mapping point S '.
As shown in figure 4, from mapping point to distance to a declared goal (pressing range simulation) or river terminal (temporally simulating), after often
One node does a vertical line, intersects at 2 points of riverbank, then, according to riverbank curve segment number where intersection point along river direction by
It is small to arrive big sequence, it is sequentially connected the planar segment that each intersection point forms river.
As shown in figure 5, dry run algorithm.Calculate the pollutant concentration value of current river section, and by result of calculation with
Environmental protection standard compares, and determines water grade, is rendered with corresponding color.
The present invention specifically includes following steps：
Step 1：Dry run algorithm data initializes.Setup parameter such as sewage draining exit information (pollutant discharge amount),
River essential information (such as flow velocity) and map essential information etc..
Step 2：Computation model is selected, if continuous-stable discharges model, then goes to step 3, if instantaneous discharge
Model then goes to step 4.
Step 3：Model is discharged according to continuous-stable, first, it is determined that analog form, if analog form is by distance,
Step 4 is gone to, if analog form is temporally, goes to step 5.
Step 4：Initial concentration calculates
Ignore longitudinal dispersion：C=C0exp[-(Kx/u)]
The concentration calculated according to this formula is always maintained at this value.Then, step 7 is gone to.
Step 5：The formula calculated according to the time：
(flow velocity is not much different, substantially it is considered that in the case of at the uniform velocity)
Ignore longitudinal dispersion：C=C0exp(-Kt)
In formula：C0The initial concentration for being pollutant in river；Q is river discharge；C1Background for pollutant in river is dense
Degree；Q is the flow for the sewage for being discharged into river；C2For certain pollutant concentration in sewage；C is the concentration of pollutant；DxFor longitudinal direction more
Dissipate coefficient；uxFor mean velocity in section；K is the rate of decay (attenuation coefficient) of pollutant；T is the time.
After being had been calculated according to formula, step 7 is gone to.
Step 6：Current location is calculated to the pollutant concentration value of newest step-length according to instantaneous discharge model, in instantaneous point source
At the x distances of downstream, during the t times, concentration can be calculated as follows：
In formula：
C (x, t) is at the distance x of instantaneous point source downstream, concentration during time t, mg/L；U is river flow, m/s；M is molten
The total amount of pollutant (being less than or equal to discharge capacity) of solution, g；AcFor river cross section area, m2；DLFor longitudinal dispersion coefficient of river,
m2/s；K is attenuation coefficient.
When being calculated with this formula, the concentration for calculating same position different time goes to step 7.
Step 7：If not up to maximum step-length, result of calculation is compared into environmental protection standard, determines water grade, and with accordingly
Color rendering current session returns to step 2, and otherwise simulation terminates.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. method of dynamic analog pollutant diffusion monitored towards quality of water environment, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly：Establish river model；Then it by continuous-stable discharges model or instantaneous discharge model calculates working as measuring point in certain section Preceding pollutant concentration；Current contamination concentration with environmental protection standard is compared, determines water grade, and with color rendering river mould The section in type；The instantaneous discharge model is：Wherein, x arrives the distance between current point for pollution sources, and t is the time, and C (x, t) is originates at point source downstream distance x, the time Concentration during t；U is river flow, and M is the total amount of pollutant of dissolving, AcFor river cross section area, DLFor river longitudinal dispersion Coefficient, K are the rate of decay；The continuous-stable discharge model includes：Temporally with the relational expression of pollutant concentration and by distance and pollutant concentration Relational expression；It is described to be with the relational expression of pollutant concentration temporally：Wherein, C0The initial concentration for being pollutant in riverQ is river discharge, C1It is dirty in river Contaminate the background concentration of object, C2For the pollutant concentration in sewage, q is the flow for the sewage for being discharged into river；C is the dense of pollutant Degree, DxFor longitudinal gas flow, uxFor mean velocity in section, K is the rate of decay of pollutant, and t is the time；The relational expression by distance and pollutant concentration is：Wherein, C0The initial concentration for being pollutant in riverQ is river discharge, C1It is dirty in river Contaminate the background concentration of object, C2For the pollutant concentration in sewage, q is the flow for the sewage for being discharged into river；C is the dense of pollutant Degree, DxFor longitudinal gas flow, uxFor mean velocity in section, K is the rate of decay of pollutant, and x is pollution sources between current point Distance.
- 2. a kind of method of dynamic analog pollutant diffusion monitored towards quality of water environment according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the river model of establishing includes the following steps：If the two sides in river are built into two curves connected and composed respectively by main section head and the tail by step 1), then in two songs If one is established among line forms river axis by main section；Step 2) determines the starting point of center line, and writes down the coordinate of the point；It is searched for successively from starting point along river direction several A, the distance between two points of arbitrary neighborhood is setting step-length；Step 3) selects for a post meaning a bit on the outside of two curves for representing two sides, and the point is carried out mapping on river axis To mapping point, by optional point and mapping point line and extend it is in alignment, with the straight line and two curves and river axis Intersection point for starting point, taken a little every setting step-length along river direction, on curve and river axis, until curve terminates； By each point line taken and coordinate transformation is carried out, forms latticed river model.
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| CN107895081A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-04-10 | 武汉大学 | The source tracing method of multiple instantaneous pollution sources |
| CN107991454B (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2021-03-19 | 南开大学 | Water quality pollution source analysis method |
| CN110008632B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2023-04-18 | 江西师范大学 | Method for rapidly calculating emergency pollution event of river channel type drinking water source |
| CN110851981B (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2023-05-09 | 上一云联环境(金华)有限公司 | Method for realizing rapid tracing of sudden water pollution |
| CN113139757A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-07-20 | 中科三清科技有限公司 | Pollution source discharge quantitative analysis method and device |
| CN112988945B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-03 | 成都同飞科技有限责任公司 | Prediction method and prediction system for river suspended pollutants |
| CN114705249B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2024-04-30 | 平安国际智慧城市科技股份有限公司 | Pollutant emission monitoring method based on artificial intelligence and related equipment |
| CN116679021B (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2024-04-19 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Method and system for filling soluble marker in pollutant diffusion model |
| CN117422271B (en) * | 2023-11-07 | 2024-05-14 | 南通恒源自控工程有限公司 | Pipe network scheduling adjustment method and system based on water quality data |
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