CN105674982A - Six-parameter quantum inertial sensor and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Six-parameter quantum inertial sensor and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical field of rotation speed, acceleration speed measurement and inertial navigation, and relates to a quantum inertial sensor capable of measuring six-parameter inertial parameters and a measuring method thereof. The quantum sensor capable of measuring the six-parameter inertial parameters comprises two-dimensional microcrystalline glass vacuum chambers, a three-dimensional microcrystalline glass vacuum chamber, differential pumping tubes and alkali metal sources, the two two-dimensional microcrystalline glass vacuum chambers are connected with three-dimensional microcrystalline glass vacuum chamber by the differential pumping tubes, and respectively with the alkali metal sources, in addition, and the differential pumping tubes are prepared from microcrystalline glass same as the material of microcrystalline glass of the two-dimensional microcrystalline glass vacuum chambers and the three-dimensional microcrystalline glass vacuum chamber. By use of a scheme of counter-throwing of cold atomic groups and combination of manipulation of the cold atomic groups by Raman beams in different directions, and measurement of six-axis-space inertial parameters can be achieved. Based on low-temperature bonding technique, microcrystalline glass is used for constructing the vacuum chambers, so that the quantum inertial sensor has better light transmitting property, is more compact in structure, higher in thermal and magnetic stability and impact resistance, and more conducive to miniaturization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rotating speed, acceleration analysis and technical field of inertial, relate to a kind of quantum sensor that can measure six parameter inertia parameters and measuring method thereof.
Background technology
Acceleration and rotating speed are had high resolution and precision by quantum inteferometer, research and development particularly through the several years, quantum inteferometer device, due to the stability of its inertia parameter measurement and accuracy, presents huge advantage and wide application prospect in inertial navigation, geophysics and basic physics parameter detecting field.
At present, the best quantum inteferometer of performance is to realize atomic beam flow control by optics Raman transition, forms closed circuit, obtains corresponding interference fringe. Based on such quantum inteferometer, define cold atom gyroscope and the contour accuracy inertial device of cold atom accelerometer. But such device needs cooling atom and has sufficient space to realize atom manipulation, cause cold atom gyroscope, cold atom accelerometer volume bigger than normal, simultaneously, generally require due to fields such as inertial navigations to measure three axle rotating speed and 3-axis accelerations, therefore, although the inertia system certainty of measurement built by cold atom gyroscope and cold atom accelerometer exceeds other inertia system several orders of magnitude, but due to overall structure excessively bulky complex, practical relatively difficult.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: volume is little, integrated level is high to provide one, it is possible to realize the quantum inertial sensor of the six integrated accelerometer gyroscopes of parameter of 3-axis acceleration and three axle tachometric surveies.
A kind of method that another object of the present invention is to provide quantum inertial sensor to measure six parameter inertia parameters.
Technical solution of the present invention: a kind of six parameter quantum inertial sensors, it includes two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity, three-dimensional devitrified glass vacuum cavity, difference pumping tube, alkali metal source, two two-dimentional devitrified glass vacuum cavities are connected on three-dimensional devitrified glass vacuum cavity by difference pumping tube, and it is connected to alkali metal source, it addition, the devitrified glass that described difference pumping tube is consistent with three cavity materials is made.
Described alkali metal source is connected with two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity by four-way connection.
Described four-way connection is connected to ionic pump and vacuum valve.
Each through low-temperature bonding technology between described difference pumping tube and two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity and three-dimensional glass vacuum cavity.
Described two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity and three-dimensional glass vacuum cavity by devitrified glass window bonding each through low-temperature bonding technology or are bonded on devitrified glass basic framework and make.
A kind of method based on six described parameter quantum inertial sensor measurements, it applies three to orthogonal cooling light beam in three-dimensional devitrified glass intracavity both sides, obtain two and fall into prisoner's cold atom cloud, again by two relative impellings of cold atom cloud, in cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, act on the pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam pair transmitted in opposite directions successively, π Raman pulsed light beam pair, form two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks, realize two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, then phase signal is carried out process and can obtain six parameter three axle rotating speed and acceleration.
Six described parameter quantum inertial sensor measuring methods, it specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1: be connected with forepump respectively by vacuum valve in two two-dimentional devitrified glass vacuum chambers, after two dimension devitrified glass vacuum chamber is extracted into ultrahigh vacuum, closes vacuum valve, utilizes ionic pump to maintain ultra-high vacuum state;
Step 2: open alkali metal source, maintains the quantity of alkali metal atom in two dimension devitrified glass cavity;
Step 3: apply two in two dimension devitrified glass vacuum chamber to orthogonal cooling light beam, it is achieved alkali metal atom is the cooling on y, z direction in two dimension cavity;
Step 4: apply three to orthogonal cooling light beam at three-dimensional two diverse locations of devitrified glass intracavity, it is thus achieved that two are fallen into prisoner's cold atom cloud;
Step 5: close cooling light beam pair, respectively cold atom cloud is applied impelling light beam pair obliquely, it is achieved two pairs of cold atom cloud to throwing;
Step 6: determine six parameter three axle rotating speed and acceleration
Z directional acceleration and the tachometric survey of y direction:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect three pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the z-direction to, π Raman pulsed light beam to and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam pair, Raman pulses over time interval is T, form two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks, realize two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, be respectively as follows:
With
In formulaFor Raman light beam to effective wave vector,For z directional acceleration,For y direction rotating speed,For cold atom x direction movement velocity, it is added through two groups of phase signals and subtracts each other and be able to obtain sensor at z directional acceleration and y direction rotating speed:
az=(Δ φ11+Δφ21)/2keffT2(15)
Ωy=(Δ φ21-Δφ11)/4vxkeffT2(16)
Y directional acceleration and the tachometric survey of z direction:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect three pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the y-direction to, π Raman pulsed light beam to and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam pair, Raman pulses over time interval is T, form two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks, realize two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, be respectively as follows:
In formulaFor y directional acceleration,For z direction rotating speed, it is added through signal, subtracts each other process, sensor can be obtained at y directional acceleration and z direction rotating speed:
ay=(Δ φ12+Δφ22)/2keffT2(19)
Ωz=(Δ φ22-Δφ12)/4vxkeffT2(20)
X directional acceleration is measured:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect three pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the x-direction to, π Raman pulsed light beam to and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam pair, Raman pulses over time interval is T, form two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks, realize two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, be respectively as follows:
In formulaFor x directional acceleration, therefore, sensor can be obtained at x directional acceleration:
ax=(Δ φ13+Δφ23)/2keffT2(23)
The tachometric survey of x direction:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect four pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the z-direction to, π Raman pulsed light beam to, π Raman pulsed light beam to and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam pair, Raman pulses over time interval is followed successively by T/2, T and T/2, owing to two cold atom cloud are to throwing, two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks can be formed in operation, it is achieved two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, be respectively as follows:
Utilize x directional acceleration and y directional acceleration, obtain the rotating speed in x direction.
The technique effect of the present invention: the quantum inertial sensor of the present invention, based on low-temperature bonding technology, utilizes devitrified glass to build vacuum cavity, and logical photosensitiveness is better, and more compact structure, thermal and magnetic stability and impact resistance are higher, are more beneficial for realizing miniaturization. The quantum inertial sensor of the present invention utilizes cold atom cloud to throwing scheme, in conjunction with the manipulation to cold atom of the different directions Raman light beam, it may be achieved the measurement of six shaft space inertia parameters. It addition, the quantum inertial sensor overall structure of the present invention is simple, it is simple to the through engineering approaches realizing the High Accuracy Inertial Navigation System based on cold atom is practical.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 six parameter quantum inertial sensor structures schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 six parameter quantum inertial sensor two dimension vacuum chamber structural representation
Fig. 3 six parameter quantum inertial sensor Three-dimensional vacuum intracavity atom cooling schematic diagram
Cold atom cloud impelling schematic diagram in Fig. 4 six parameter quantum inertial sensor Three Dimensional Cavities
Fig. 5 six parameter quantum inertial sensor z directional acceleration and y direction tachometric survey schematic diagram
Fig. 6 six parameter quantum inertial sensor y directional acceleration and z direction tachometric survey schematic diagram
Fig. 7 six parameter quantum inertial sensor x directional acceleration instrumentation plan
Fig. 8 six parameter quantum inertial sensor x direction tachometric survey schematic diagram
Wherein, 1-two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity, 2-three-dimensional devitrified glass vacuum cavity, 3-difference pumping tube, 4-four-way connection, 5-ionic pump, 6-alkali metal source, 7-vacuum valve, 8-two dimension cooling light beam pair, 9-three-dimensional cooling light beam pair, 10-cools down atomic group, 11-impelling light beam pair, 12-pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam pair, 13-π Raman pulsed light beam pair.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described:
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention six parameter quantum inertial sensor includes two two-dimentional devitrified glass vacuum cavities 1, three-dimensional devitrified glass vacuum cavity 2, difference pumping tube 3, four-way connection 4, ionic pump 5 and alkali metal source 6, vacuum valve 7. The two-dimentional devitrified glass vacuum cavity 1 of the present invention two is connected to the bottom of three-dimensional devitrified glass vacuum cavity 2 by difference pumping tube 3, reserves the manipulation space that cold atom cloud is enough. Meanwhile, it is connected to alkali metal source 6 by four-way connection 4, provide enough alkali metal gas to two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity 1. Described four-way connection 4 is also associated with ionic pump 5 and vacuum valve 7, for application of vacuum and the maintenance of cavity.
It addition, the devitrified glass that described difference pumping tube 3 is consistent with three cavity materials is made. Each through low-temperature bonding technology between described difference pumping tube 3 and two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity 1 and three-dimensional glass vacuum cavity 2. Described two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity 1 and three-dimensional glass vacuum cavity 2 by devitrified glass window bonding each through low-temperature bonding technology or are bonded on devitrified glass basic framework and make.
Owing to devitrified glass has higher mechanical strength, good chemical stability, optical property and the extremely low coefficient of expansion, low-temperature bonding technology has high motility, and there is between the window being bonded and framework high adhesive strength, contrast metallic cavity, can greatly reduce volume, reduce process complexity and cost, improve thermal and magnetic stability and the impact property of cavity. In conjunction with cooling laser system and raman laser system, it may be achieved small size, high stability, high-precision quantum inertial sensor.
The Method And Principle of the present invention six parameter quantum inertial sensor measurement is as follows:
Three are applied to orthogonal cooling light beam in three-dimensional devitrified glass intracavity both sides, obtain two and fall into prisoner's cold atom cloud, again by two relative impellings of cold atom cloud, in cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, act on the pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam that transmits in opposite directions successively to, π Raman pulsed light beam pair, form two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks, realize two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, then phase signal is carried out process and can obtain six parameter three axle rotating speed and acceleration.
The implementation process of the present invention six parameter quantum inertial sensor measuring method is described in detail below, and it specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1: be connected with forepump respectively by vacuum valve 7 in two two-dimentional devitrified glass vacuum chambers 1, after two dimension devitrified glass vacuum chamber is extracted into ultrahigh vacuum, closes vacuum valve 7, utilizes ionic pump 5 to maintain ultra-high vacuum state;
Step 2: open alkali metal source 6, maintains the quantity of alkali metal atom in two dimension devitrified glass cavity 1;
Step 3: apply two in two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity 1 and orthogonal two-dimensional is cooled down light beam to 8, as in figure 2 it is shown, the alkali metal atom in cavity is precooled so that it is the movement velocity on y, z direction is reduced. The component velocity being present on x direction promotes alkali metal atom can enter in three-dimensional devitrified glass vacuum cavity 2 by difference pumping tube 3;
Step 4: apply three at interior two diverse locations of three-dimensional devitrified glass vacuum chamber 2 and three orthogonal is cooled down light beam to 9, as shown in Figure 3, it is achieved the three-dimensional cooling of alkali metal atom, it is thus achieved that two are fallen into prisoner's cold atom cloud 10;
Step 5: close cooling light beam pair, applies impelling light beam obliquely to 11 to cold atom cloud, as shown in Figure 4 respectively, it is achieved two pairs of cold atom cloud to throwing;
Step 6: determine six parameter three axle rotating speed and acceleration
Z directional acceleration and the tachometric survey of y direction:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect three pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the z-direction to 12, π Raman pulsed light beam to 13 and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam to 12, Raman pulses over time interval is T, form two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks, as shown in Figure 5, it is achieved two groups of atomic interferometers, detection obtains two interferometer phase difference signals, is respectively as follows:
With
In formulaFor Raman light beam to effective wave vector,For z directional acceleration,For y direction rotating speed,For cold atom x direction movement velocity, it is added through two groups of phase signals and subtracts each other and be able to obtain sensor at z directional acceleration and y direction rotating speed:
az=(Δ φ11+Δφ21)/2keffT2(27)
Ωy=(Δ φ21-Δφ11)/4vxkeffT2(28)
Y directional acceleration and the tachometric survey of z direction:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect three pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the y-direction to 12, π Raman pulsed light beam to 13 and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam to 12, Raman pulses over time interval is T, as shown in Figure 6, two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks are formed, it is achieved two groups of atomic interferometers, detection obtains two interferometer phase difference signals, is respectively as follows:
In formulaFor y directional acceleration,For z direction rotating speed, it is added through signal, subtracts each other process, sensor can be obtained at y directional acceleration and z direction rotating speed:
ay=(Δ φ12+Δφ22)/2keffT2(31)
Ωz=(Δ φ22-Δφ12)/4vxkeffT2(32)
X directional acceleration is measured:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect three pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the x-direction to 12, π Raman pulsed light beam to 13 and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam to 12, Raman pulses over time interval is T, as it is shown in fig. 7, form two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks, it is achieved two groups of atomic interferometers, detection obtains two interferometer phase difference signals, is respectively as follows:
In formulaFor x directional acceleration, therefore, sensor can be obtained at x directional acceleration:
ax=(Δ φ13+Δφ23)/2keffT2(35)
The tachometric survey of x direction:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect four pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the z-direction to 12, π Raman pulsed light beam to 13, π Raman pulsed light beam to 13 and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam to 12, Raman pulses over time interval is followed successively by T/2, T and T/2, owing to two cold atom cloud are to throwing, as shown in Figure 8, two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks can be formed in operation, realize two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, be respectively as follows:
Utilize x directional acceleration and y directional acceleration, obtain the rotating speed in x direction.
Claims (10)
1. a parameter quantum inertial sensor, it is characterized in that, including two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity (1), three-dimensional devitrified glass vacuum cavity (2), difference pumping tube (3), alkali metal source (6), two two-dimentional devitrified glass vacuum cavities (1) are connected on three-dimensional devitrified glass vacuum cavity (2) by difference pumping tube (3), and it is connected to alkali metal source (6), it addition, the devitrified glass that described difference pumping tube (3) is consistent with three cavity materials is made.
2. six parameter quantum inertial sensors according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described alkali metal source (6) is connected with two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity (1) by four-way connection (4).
3. six parameter quantum inertial sensors according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be connected to ionic pump (5) and vacuum valve (7) on described four-way connection (4).
4. six parameter quantum inertial sensors according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: each through low-temperature bonding technology between described difference pumping tube (3) and two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity (1) and three-dimensional glass vacuum cavity (2).
5. miniaturization six parameter quantum inertial sensor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described two dimension devitrified glass vacuum cavity (1) and three-dimensional glass vacuum cavity (2) by devitrified glass window bonding each through low-temperature bonding technology or are bonded on devitrified glass basic framework and make.
6. the method based on six parameter quantum inertial sensor measurements described in any one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, three are applied to orthogonal cooling light beam in three-dimensional devitrified glass intracavity both sides, obtain two and fall into prisoner's cold atom cloud, again by two relative impellings of cold atom cloud, in cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, act on the pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam pair transmitted in opposite directions successively, π Raman pulsed light beam pair, form two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks, realize two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, then phase signal is carried out process and can obtain six parameter three axle rotating speed and acceleration.
7. six parameter quantum inertial sensor measuring methods according to claim 6, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
Step 1: be connected with forepump respectively by vacuum valve in two two-dimentional devitrified glass vacuum chambers, after two dimension devitrified glass vacuum chamber is extracted into ultrahigh vacuum, closes vacuum valve, utilizes ionic pump to maintain ultra-high vacuum state;
Step 2: open alkali metal source, maintains the quantity of alkali metal atom in two dimension devitrified glass cavity;
Step 3: apply two in two dimension devitrified glass vacuum chamber to orthogonal cooling light beam, it is achieved alkali metal atom is the cooling on y, z direction in two dimension cavity;
Step 4: apply three to orthogonal cooling light beam at three-dimensional two diverse locations of devitrified glass intracavity, it is thus achieved that two are fallen into prisoner's cold atom cloud;
Step 5: close cooling light beam pair, respectively cold atom cloud is applied impelling light beam pair obliquely, it is achieved two pairs of cold atom cloud to throwing;
Step 6: determine six parameter three axle rotating speed and acceleration.
8. six parameter quantum inertial sensor measuring methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that z directional acceleration and the tachometric survey of y direction:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect three pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the z-direction to, π Raman pulsed light beam to and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam pair, Raman pulses over time interval is T, form two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks, realize two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, be respectively as follows:
With
In formulaFor Raman light beam to effective wave vector,For z directional acceleration,For y direction rotating speed,For cold atom x direction movement velocity, it is added through two groups of phase signals and subtracts each other and be able to obtain sensor at z directional acceleration and y direction rotating speed:
9. six parameter quantum inertial sensor measuring methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that y directional acceleration and the tachometric survey of z direction:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect three pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the y-direction to, π Raman pulsed light beam to and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam pair, Raman pulses over time interval is T, form two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks, realize two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, be respectively as follows:
In formulaFor y directional acceleration,For z direction rotating speed, it is added through signal, subtracts each other process, sensor can be obtained at y directional acceleration and z direction rotating speed:
10. six parameter quantum inertial sensor measuring methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that x directional acceleration is measured:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect three pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the x-direction to, π Raman pulsed light beam to and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam pair, Raman pulses over time interval is T, form two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks, realize two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, be respectively as follows:
In formulaFor x directional acceleration, therefore, sensor can be obtained at x directional acceleration:
The tachometric survey of x direction:
In cold atom cloud projecting process, along x direction, successively the effect four pi/2 Raman pulsed light beams to transmitting in opposite directions in the z-direction to, π Raman pulsed light beam to, π Raman pulsed light beam to and pi/2 Raman pulsed light beam pair, Raman pulses over time interval is followed successively by T/2, T and T/2, owing to two cold atom cloud are to throwing, two set cold atom cloud closing motion tracks can be formed in operation, it is achieved two groups of atomic interferometers, obtain two phase place difference signal, be respectively as follows:
Utilize x directional acceleration and y directional acceleration, obtain the rotating speed in x direction.
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| WO2019095102A1 (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-05-23 | 中国科学技术大学 | Quantum sensor using rare earth ion doped optical crystal and use thereof |
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| CN111337019A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-26 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Quantum sensing device for combined navigation |
| CN111412908A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-07-14 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Atomic fountain device |
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Application publication date: 20160615 |