CN105673761A - Hydraulic buffer with multi-stage damping throttles and hydraulic buffering method - Google Patents
Hydraulic buffer with multi-stage damping throttles and hydraulic buffering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105673761A CN105673761A CN201510496211.3A CN201510496211A CN105673761A CN 105673761 A CN105673761 A CN 105673761A CN 201510496211 A CN201510496211 A CN 201510496211A CN 105673761 A CN105673761 A CN 105673761A
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Abstract
The invention provides a hydraulic buffer with multi-stage damping throttles and a hydraulic buffering method. The hydraulic buffer with the multi-stage damping throttles comprises a hydraulic cylinder (1), a front end cover (2), a back end cover (3), a piston assembly (4) and a throttle lever (5) and has the advantages that all cavities inside the buffer are filled with hydraulic oil and compressed air, when a piston rod is impacted and stressed to move downwards, the damping force is provided through the multi-stage damping throttles, and the downward moving speed of the piston rod is decreased; within a stroke range, the produced damping force contends against the external force till energy produced by impaction is absorbed completely, and rebound is avoided; and when the external force is removed, the hydraulic buffer can automatically reset by depending on the compressed air without installing a spring additionally, and accordingly the overall cost of the hydraulic buffer is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic cushion technical field, it is specifically related to hydraulic buffer and the hydraulic cushion method of the throttling of a kind of Multi-stage damping.
Background technology
Hydraulic buffer is a kind of safeguard protection snubber assembly; it is widely used in the mechanical means such as engineering truck, elevator, metallurgy, harbour machinery, rail truck; its effect is: instantly time junk high-speed mobile (being equivalent to free falling body state); very big mass force can be caused; and hydraulic buffer can absorb the impact that lower junk brings, prevent hard collision from causing mechanism to damage.
Such as, in engineering machinery, especially rotary drilling rig, often can run into the problem that this kind of hard collision causes mechanism to damage. Concrete; the main execution architecture of rotary drilling rig principal arm is multi-stage oil cylinder; when rotary digging drill power head declines time, multi-stage oil cylinder can perform an action, but outside protection multi-stage oil cylinder flexible device occurs adhesion possibly, the phenomenon such as get stuck; along with multi-stage oil cylinder hydraulic pressure power constantly increases; flexible device can fall suddenly, is equivalent to free falling body state the same, pounds on the web plate of unit head; thus cause unit head to damage, cause great financial loss. Therefore, situation for avoiding hard collision to cause mechanism to damage, it is necessary to hydraulic buffer is set on the web plate of unit head.
But, existing hydraulic buffer commercially, consumed energy is directly proportional to hydraulic buffer volume, can not only meet hydraulic buffer volume little, but also the big user demand of consumed energy can be met.
Summary of the invention
For the defect that prior art exists, the present invention provides the hydraulic buffer and hydraulic cushion method that a kind of Multi-stage damping throttles, and can effectively solve the problem.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The present invention provides the hydraulic buffer that a kind of Multi-stage damping throttles, and comprising: hydro-cylinder (1), front end end cover (2), rear end cap (3), piston component (4) and throttling bar (5);
Wherein, described hydro-cylinder (1) is vertically arranged, forward end seal at described hydro-cylinder (1) arranges described front end end cover (2), back-end sealing at described hydro-cylinder (1) arranges described rear end cap (3), and described front end end cover (2) and described rear end cap (3) make the internal cavity of described hydro-cylinder (1) form enclosed space;
Having offered the 1st open holes in the central position of described front end end cover (2), the 2nd open holes has been offered in the central position of end cap (3) in the rear, and, the diameter of described 1st open holes is greater than the diameter of described 2nd open holes;
Described piston component (4) comprising: piston cap (41) and piston rod (42);
Described piston cap (41) is horizontally set at the inside cavity of described hydro-cylinder (1), the periphery wall of described piston cap (41) seals with the cavity inner wall of described hydro-cylinder (1) and is slidably connected, by described piston cap (41), the cavity of described hydro-cylinder (1) is divided into upper cavity (11) and lower chamber (12); In addition, at least one check valve (43) has been offered in described piston cap (41), the entrance of described check valve (43) is connected with described upper cavity (11), and the outlet of described check valve (43) is connected with described lower chamber (12);
Described piston rod (42) is tubular structure, comprises cylinder, described cylinder open at one end, and the other end seals; The external diameter of described cylinder and the internal diameter of described 1st open holes are suitable, then: described cylinder is down uncovered, and the 1st open holes described in hermetically passing and make the uncovered end of described cylinder be sealingly clamped to the upper surface of described piston cap (41); By arranging described cylinder, the cavity of described inner barrel being called inner chamber body (14), the ring-shaped cavity formed by the inwall of the outer wall of described cylinder and described hydro-cylinder (1) is called outer chamber (15); Outer chamber (15) is part upper cavity (11); Then: offered at least one oil overflow hole (6) in the bottom of described cylinder, described inner chamber body (14) and described outer chamber (15) is made to form connectivity structure;
In addition, the 3rd open holes has been offered in the central position of described piston cap (41); Described throttling bar (5) is by direction from bottom to top, successively after described 2nd open holes and described 3rd open holes, make the front end face of described throttling bar (5) be arranged in described inner chamber body (14), make the aft end face of described throttling bar (5) be positioned at the outside of described rear end cap (3); Further, described throttling bar (5) is sealing and fixing mode of connection with the 2nd open holes of described rear end cap (3), and described throttling bar (5) is fixedly installed by described rear end cap (3); Described throttling bar (5) is that gap is arranged with the 3rd open holes of described piston cap (41), has multiple damping gap between the outer wall of described throttling bar (5) and the hole wall of described 3rd open holes;
In addition, the central shaft of described throttling bar (5) is to being provided with defeated medium channel (51); The rearward end of described throttling bar is provided with defeated medium valve (52), by handling defeated medium valve (52), by described defeated medium channel (51), outside medium is transported to described inner chamber body (14).
Preferably, described front end end cover (2) is flexibly connected with the inwall of described hydro-cylinder (1); Described rear end cap (3) is fixedly connected with the inwall of described hydro-cylinder (1).
Preferably, described rear end cap (3) is threaded connection with the inwall of described hydro-cylinder (1).
Preferably, also comprise escape way (7), described escape way (7) is successively through described rear end cap (3) and described throttling bar (5), and then is connected described lower chamber (12) and described defeated medium channel (51); At described escape way (7), safety valve (8) is installed.
The present invention also provides a kind of hydraulic cushion method that Multi-stage damping throttles, and comprises the following steps:
Step 1, obtain the hydraulic buffer of Multi-stage damping throttling in assembling after, is inverted hydraulic buffer, makes front end end cover (2) be positioned at lower position, and rear end cap (3) is positioned at upper position;Then, open defeated medium valve (52), it is full of hydraulic efficiency oil by defeated medium valve (52) to the cavity of hydraulic buffer; That is: inner chamber body (14), outer chamber (15) and lower chamber (12) are all full of hydraulic efficiency oil;
Hydraulic oil flow flowing mode is: first, hydraulic efficiency oil is flowed into inner chamber body (14) by defeated medium channel (51), then, it is flowed into outer chamber (15) by oil overflow hole (6), then it is flowed into lower chamber (12) by check valve (43);
Further, when injection liquid force feed, due to the gravitational force urges effect of hydraulic efficiency oil, promote piston cap (41) mobile towards front end end cover (2), and finally move to and the position that front end end cover (2) contacts; And when piston cap (41) is towards, in the process of front end end cover (2) movement, promoting piston rod (42) outwards to move gradually from the inside cavity of described hydro-cylinder (1) simultaneously; Further, when the sealed end of described piston rod (42) moves to outermost position, the described oil overflow hole (6) that described piston rod (42) is installed is still in the inside cavity of described hydro-cylinder (1); Described inner chamber body (14) is connected with described outer chamber (15) by described oil overflow hole (6);
Hydraulic buffer upset, after inner chamber body (14), outer chamber (15) and lower chamber (12) are all full of hydraulic efficiency oil, is the upright state that arranges by step 2; Then opening defeated medium valve (52), under gravity, the hydraulic efficiency oil being positioned at all cavitys above throttling bar (5) top end face all flows to snubber outside by defeated medium channel (51);
Then, by defeated medium channel (51), to being positioned at all cavity input compressed-airs above throttling bar (5) top end face, then close defeated medium valve (52);
Now, taking the bar that throttles (5) top end face as separation surface, it is positioned at all cavitys above throttling bar (5) top end face and fills up pressurized air; And be positioned at all cavitys below throttling bar (5) top end face and fill up hydraulic efficiency oil; Further, owing to the vertex of piston rod (42) movement travel can not exceed throttling bar (5) top end face, therefore, lower chamber (12) must fill up hydraulic efficiency oil; And owing to the sealed end of piston rod (42) is higher than the top of hydro-cylinder (1), therefore, the sealed end of piston rod (42) is inevitable higher than throttling bar (5) top end face, so, the inner chamber body of piston rod (42) must be filled with pressurized air;
Step 3, when piston rod (42) moves down by external force, due to piston rod (42) the 3rd open holes hole wall and throttling bar (5) outer wall between there is multiple damping gap, therefore, the hydraulic efficiency oil of lower chamber (12) is first flowed into inner chamber body (14) by damping gap, when the hydraulic efficiency oil being injected into inner chamber body (14) reach a certain amount of after, oil overflow hole (6) can be passed through and be flowed into outer chamber (15); Therefore, when the hydraulic efficiency oil of lower chamber (12) is upwards flowed by damping gap, form the damping force contrary with piston rod (42) travel direction, and this damping force directly acts on piston rod (42), surging force when moving under reaching the piston rod that contends with (42), play shock absorption, until making piston rod (42) stop lower shifting;
Step 4, when applying after the external force of piston rod (42) is removed and disappeared, owing to the inner chamber body of piston rod (42) is filled with pressurized air, therefore, under the effect of pressurized air, piston rod (42) moves up reset, and, in the process that piston rod (42) moves up, drive piston cap (41) to move up simultaneously; And when piston cap (41) moves up, the hydraulic efficiency oil being positioned at piston cap (41) top cavity flow back into lower chamber (12) by check valve (43).
Preferably, also comprise:
When the hypertonia of lower chamber (12), open safety valve (8), the hydraulic efficiency oil of lower chamber (12) is flowed into defeated medium channel (51) by escape way (7), then is flowed into inner chamber body (14) by defeated medium channel (51).
Preferably, also comprise: front end end cover (2) is movable with the inwall of hydro-cylinder (1), but fill up pressurized air owing to being positioned at all cavitys above throttling bar (5) top end face, therefore, pressurized air all the time forward end cap (2) apply to upward pressure, and then make front end end cover (2) be stabilized in the front end of hydro-cylinder (1).
Hydraulic buffer and the hydraulic cushion method of Multi-stage damping provided by the invention throttling have the following advantages:
There is the advantage that volume is little, consumed energy big, reliable operation, good buffer effect, structure are simple, cost is low, can extensively promote the use of.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is hydraulic buffer provided by the invention at upright and piston rod movement to cross-sectional view during lower-most point state;
Fig. 2 is hydraulic buffer provided by the invention at upright and piston rod movement to cross-sectional view during vertex state;
Fig. 3 is hydraulic buffer provided by the invention at inversion and piston rod movement to cross-sectional view during lower-most point state.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail:
The present invention provides the hydraulic buffer that a kind of Multi-stage damping throttles, the inner all cavitys of this snubber are filled by hydraulic efficiency oil and pressurized air, when piston rod is knocked and moves down by power, damping force is provided by Multi-stage damping throttling, relaxing piston rod and move down speed, in stroke range, the damping force and the external force that produce contend with, until absorbing the energy clashing into and producing completely, without bounce-back; And after external force is removed and disappeared, hydraulic buffer can rely on pressurized air automatically to reset, it is not necessary to extra mounting spring, thus save hydraulic buffer holistic cost.
Concrete, as shown in Figure 1-2, the present invention provides the hydraulic buffer that a kind of Multi-stage damping throttle, comprising: hydro-cylinder 1, front end end cover 2, rear end cap 3, piston component 4 and the bar 5 that throttles;
Wherein, hydro-cylinder 1 is vertically arranged, and the forward end seal at hydro-cylinder 1 arranges front end end cover 2, end cap 3 after the back-end sealing of hydro-cylinder 1 is arranged, and rear end cap is connected by the inwall of thread connecting mode with hydro-cylinder 1; Front end end cover 2 and rear end cap 3 make the internal cavity of hydro-cylinder 1 form enclosed space; Herein, as the present invention one innovation, front end end cover 2 is flexibly connected with the inwall of hydro-cylinder 1, any web member is not needed to install between front end end cover 2 and the inwall of hydro-cylinder 1, only rely on inside cavity pressurized air, in snubber use procedure, firmly front end end cover 2 can be stabilized in the front end of hydro-cylinder 1 all the time. Concrete reason sees below analysis.
Offer the 1st open holes in the central position of front end end cover 2, offer the 2nd open holes in the central position of rear end cap 3, and, the diameter of the 1st open holes is greater than the diameter of the 2nd open holes;
Piston component 4 comprises: piston cap 41 and piston rod 42;
Piston cap 41 is horizontally set at the inside cavity of hydro-cylinder 1, and the periphery wall of piston cap 41 seals with the cavity inner wall of hydro-cylinder 1 and is slidably connected, that is: piston cap 41 can move up and down along the cavity inner wall of hydro-cylinder 1; By piston cap 41, the cavity of hydro-cylinder 1 is divided into upper cavity 11 and lower chamber 12; In addition, having offered at least one check valve 43 in piston cap 41, the entrance of check valve 43 is connected with upper cavity 11, and the outlet of check valve 43 is connected with lower chamber 12;The meaning that arranges of check valve is herein: the media flow of upper cavity 11 can only be made to lower chamber 12; Both having made when the pressure of lower chamber 12 is higher than the pressure of upper cavity 11, the medium of lower chamber 12 also cannot flow to upper cavity 11 by check valve 43.
Piston rod 42 is tubular structure, comprises cylinder, cylinder open at one end, and the other end seals; The external diameter of cylinder and the internal diameter of the 1st open holes are suitable, then: cylinder is down uncovered, and hermetically passing the 1st open holes and make the uncovered end of cylinder be sealingly clamped to the upper surface of piston cap 41; By arranging cylinder, the cavity of inner barrel being called inner chamber body 14, the ring-shaped cavity formed by the inwall of the outer wall of cylinder and hydro-cylinder 1 is called outer chamber 15; Offer at least one oil overflow hole 6 in the bottom of cylinder, made inner chamber body 14 and outer chamber 15 form connectivity structure;
Herein, it should be noted that distinguish the concrete implication of the present invention's four cavitys:
Upper cavity 11 and lower chamber 12 are the internal cavity of hydro-cylinder 1, hydro-cylinder 1 cavity being positioned at above piston cap 41 is called upper cavity 11, and hydro-cylinder 1 cavity being positioned at below piston cap 41 is called lower chamber 12, therefore, when piston cap 41 moves up and down along hydro-cylinder 1, the cavity volume of upper cavity 11 and lower chamber 12 can change.
And inner chamber body 14 refers to the cavity of piston rod inner barrel, no matter piston cap 41 moves to any position along hydro-cylinder 1, and the cavity volume of inner chamber body 14 is a definite value, can not change;
Outer chamber 15 refers to the ring-shaped cavity that the outer wall of piston rod cylinder and the inwall of hydro-cylinder 1 are formed, and when piston rod movement is to lowest point, when being state shown in Fig. 1, the cavity volume of outer chamber 15 reaches maximum value; And when piston rod movement is to vertex position, when being state shown in Fig. 2, the cavity volume of outer chamber 15 reaches minimum value;
However, it is possible to find, no matter piston rod movement to any position, outer chamber and inner chamber body total cavity substantially certainty contain upper cavity, that is, total cavity volume of outer chamber and inner chamber body is greater than upper cavity cavity volume. Therefore, the volume of the inner all cavitys of hydraulic buffer in fact only need to be divided into three parts, is respectively: lower chamber, inner chamber body and outer chamber. When understanding the principle of the invention, it is possible to ignore the concept of upper cavity.
In the present invention, although outer chamber 15 and inner chamber body 14 are connectivity structure, but still differentiation outer chamber 15 with the meaning of inner chamber body 14 is: outer chamber 15 is different with the effect of inner chamber body 14; Outer chamber 15 directly communicates with front end end cover, and the pressurized air of outer chamber 15 is the direct driving force source ensureing that front end end cover is stabilized in cylinder cylinder front end; And the pressurized air in inner chamber body is after external force is removed and disappeared, make piston rod move up reset directly move as source, therefore, for convenience of describing, the present invention has distinguished outer chamber 15 and inner chamber body 14.
In addition, the 3rd open holes has been offered in the central position of piston cap 41; Throttling bar 5, by direction from bottom to top, successively after the 2nd open holes and the 3rd open holes, makes the front end face of throttling bar 5 be arranged in inner chamber body 14, makes the aft end face of throttling bar 5 be positioned at the outside of rear end cap 3; Further, throttling bar 5 is sealing and fixing mode of connection with the 2nd open holes of rear end cap 3, and throttling bar 5 is fixedly installed by rear end cap 3, and that is, when piston rod moves up and down, throttling bar remains and maintains static; Throttling bar 5 is that gap is arranged with the 3rd open holes of piston cap 41, has multiple damping gap between the outer wall of throttling bar 5 and the hole wall of the 3rd open holes;
In addition, the central shaft of throttling bar 5 is to being provided with defeated medium channel 51; The rearward end of throttling bar is provided with defeated medium valve 52, by handling defeated medium valve 52, by defeated medium channel 51, outside medium is transported to inner chamber body 14. Medium herein is the general designation of pressurized air and hydraulic efficiency oil.
Also comprising escape way 7, escape way 7 is successively through rear end cap 3 and throttling bar 5, and then is connected lower chamber 12 and defeated medium channel 51; At escape way 7, safety valve 8 is installed. Safety valve is for, when cavity internal pressure is excessive instantly, the pressure of release lower chamber, reaches the effect of protection hydraulic buffer.
Based on aforesaid hydraulic buffer, the present invention also provides a kind of hydraulic cushion method that Multi-stage damping throttles, and comprises the following steps:
Step 1, obtain the hydraulic buffer of Multi-stage damping throttling in assembling after, is inverted hydraulic buffer, forms state shown in Fig. 3, make front end end cover 2 be positioned at lower position, and rear end cap 3 is positioned at upper position; Then, open defeated medium valve 52, it is full of hydraulic efficiency oil by defeated medium valve 52 to the cavity of hydraulic buffer; That is: inner chamber body 14, outer chamber 15 and lower chamber 12 are all full of hydraulic efficiency oil;
Hydraulic oil flow flowing mode is: first, and hydraulic efficiency oil is flowed into inner chamber body 14 by defeated medium channel 51, then, is flowed into outer chamber 15 by oil overflow hole 6, then is flowed into lower chamber 12 by check valve 43;
Further, when injection liquid force feed, due to the gravitational force urges effect of hydraulic efficiency oil, promote piston cap 41 to move towards front end end cover 2, and finally move to and the position that front end end cover 2 contacts; And in the process moved towards front end end cover 2 when piston cap 41, promote piston rod 42 outwards to move gradually from the inside cavity of hydro-cylinder 1 simultaneously; Further, when the sealed end of piston rod 42 moves to outermost position, the oil overflow hole 6 that piston rod 42 is installed is still in the inside cavity of hydro-cylinder 1; Inner chamber body 14 is connected with outer chamber 15 by oil overflow hole 6;
Step 2, after inner chamber body 14, outer chamber 15 and lower chamber 12 are all full of hydraulic efficiency oil, are the upright state that arranges by hydraulic buffer upset, obtain state shown in Fig. 2; Then opening defeated medium valve 52, under gravity, the hydraulic efficiency oil being positioned at all cavitys above throttling bar 5 top end face all flows to snubber outside by defeated medium channel 51;
Then, by defeated medium channel 51, to being positioned at all cavity input compressed-airs above throttling bar 5 top end face, then close defeated medium valve 52;
Now, taking bar 5 top end face that throttles as separation surface, it is positioned at all cavitys above throttling bar 5 top end face and fills up pressurized air; And be positioned at all cavitys below throttling bar 5 top end face and fill up hydraulic efficiency oil; Further, owing to the vertex of piston rod 42 movement travel can not exceed throttling bar 5 top end face, therefore, lower chamber 12 must fill up hydraulic efficiency oil; And owing to the sealed end of piston rod 42 is higher than the top of hydro-cylinder 1, therefore, the sealed end of piston rod 42 is inevitable higher than throttling bar 5 top end face, so, the inner chamber body of piston rod 42 must be filled with pressurized air;
Step 3, when piston rod 42 moves down by external force, namely by Fig. 2 state to Fig. 1 state transfer time, due to piston rod 42 the 3rd open holes hole wall and throttling bar 5 outer wall between there is multiple damping gap, therefore, first the hydraulic efficiency oil of lower chamber 12 be flowed into inner chamber body 14 by damping gap, when the hydraulic efficiency oil being injected into inner chamber body 14 reach a certain amount of after, outer chamber 15 can be flowed into by oil overflow hole 6;Therefore, when the hydraulic efficiency oil of lower chamber 12 is upwards flowed by damping gap, form the damping force contrary with piston rod 42 travel direction, and this damping force directly acts on piston rod 42, reach the surging force when piston rod that contends with moves for 42 times, play shock absorption, until making piston rod 42 stop lower shifting;
Step 4, when applying after the external force of piston rod 42 is removed and disappeared, owing to the inner chamber body of piston rod 42 is filled with pressurized air, therefore, under the effect of pressurized air, piston rod 42 moves up reset, further, in the process that piston rod 42 moves up, drive piston cap 41 to move up simultaneously; And when piston cap 41 moves up, the hydraulic efficiency oil being positioned at cavity above piston cap 41 flow back into lower chamber 12 by check valve 43.
In addition; when the hypertonia of lower chamber 12, opening safety valve 8, the hydraulic efficiency oil of lower chamber 12 is flowed into defeated medium channel 51 by escape way 7; it is flowed into inner chamber body 14 by defeated medium channel 51 again, reaches protection snubber, improve the effect of snubber use safety.
It thus is seen that the hydraulic buffer of Multi-stage damping provided by the invention throttling and hydraulic cushion method have the following advantages:
There is the advantage that volume is little, consumed energy big, reliable operation, good buffer effect, structure are simple, cost is low, can extensively promote the use of.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it is noted that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also making some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should look protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the hydraulic buffer of a Multi-stage damping throttling, it is characterised in that, comprising: hydro-cylinder (1), front end end cover (2), rear end cap (3), piston component (4) and throttling bar (5);
Wherein, described hydro-cylinder (1) is vertically arranged, forward end seal at described hydro-cylinder (1) arranges described front end end cover (2), back-end sealing at described hydro-cylinder (1) arranges described rear end cap (3), and described front end end cover (2) and described rear end cap (3) make the internal cavity of described hydro-cylinder (1) form enclosed space;
Having offered the 1st open holes in the central position of described front end end cover (2), the 2nd open holes has been offered in the central position of end cap (3) in the rear, and, the diameter of described 1st open holes is greater than the diameter of described 2nd open holes;
Described piston component (4) comprising: piston cap (41) and piston rod (42);
Described piston cap (41) is horizontally set at the inside cavity of described hydro-cylinder (1), the periphery wall of described piston cap (41) seals with the cavity inner wall of described hydro-cylinder (1) and is slidably connected, by described piston cap (41), the cavity of described hydro-cylinder (1) is divided into upper cavity (11) and lower chamber (12); In addition, at least one check valve (43) has been offered in described piston cap (41), the entrance of described check valve (43) is connected with described upper cavity (11), and the outlet of described check valve (43) is connected with described lower chamber (12);
Described piston rod (42) is tubular structure, comprises cylinder, described cylinder open at one end, and the other end seals; The external diameter of described cylinder and the internal diameter of described 1st open holes are suitable, then: described cylinder is down uncovered, and the 1st open holes described in hermetically passing and make the uncovered end of described cylinder be sealingly clamped to the upper surface of described piston cap (41); By arranging described cylinder, the cavity of described inner barrel being called inner chamber body (14), the ring-shaped cavity formed by the inwall of the outer wall of described cylinder and described hydro-cylinder (1) is called outer chamber (15);Outer chamber (15) is part upper cavity (11); Then: offered at least one oil overflow hole (6) in the bottom of described cylinder, described inner chamber body (14) and described outer chamber (15) is made to form connectivity structure;
In addition, the 3rd open holes has been offered in the central position of described piston cap (41); Described throttling bar (5) is by direction from bottom to top, successively after described 2nd open holes and described 3rd open holes, make the front end face of described throttling bar (5) be arranged in described inner chamber body (14), make the aft end face of described throttling bar (5) be positioned at the outside of described rear end cap (3); Further, described throttling bar (5) is sealing and fixing mode of connection with the 2nd open holes of described rear end cap (3), and described throttling bar (5) is fixedly installed by described rear end cap (3); Described throttling bar (5) is that gap is arranged with the 3rd open holes of described piston cap (41), has multiple damping gap between the outer wall of described throttling bar (5) and the hole wall of described 3rd open holes;
In addition, the central shaft of described throttling bar (5) is to being provided with defeated medium channel (51); The rearward end of described throttling bar is provided with defeated medium valve (52), by handling defeated medium valve (52), by described defeated medium channel (51), outside medium is transported to described inner chamber body (14).
2. the hydraulic buffer of Multi-stage damping according to claim 1 throttling, it is characterised in that, described front end end cover (2) is flexibly connected with the inwall of described hydro-cylinder (1); Described rear end cap (3) is fixedly connected with the inwall of described hydro-cylinder (1).
3. the hydraulic buffer of Multi-stage damping according to claim 2 throttling, it is characterised in that, described rear end cap (3) is threaded connection with the inwall of described hydro-cylinder (1).
4. the hydraulic buffer of Multi-stage damping according to claim 1 throttling, it is characterized in that, also comprise escape way (7), described escape way (7) is successively through described rear end cap (3) and described throttling bar (5), and then is connected described lower chamber (12) and described defeated medium channel (51); At described escape way (7), safety valve (8) is installed.
5. the hydraulic cushion method of a Multi-stage damping throttling, it is characterised in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, obtain the hydraulic buffer of Multi-stage damping throttling in assembling after, is inverted hydraulic buffer, makes front end end cover (2) be positioned at lower position, and rear end cap (3) is positioned at upper position; Then, open defeated medium valve (52), it is full of hydraulic efficiency oil by defeated medium valve (52) to the cavity of hydraulic buffer; That is: inner chamber body (14), outer chamber (15) and lower chamber (12) are all full of hydraulic efficiency oil;
Hydraulic oil flow flowing mode is: first, hydraulic efficiency oil is flowed into inner chamber body (14) by defeated medium channel (51), then, it is flowed into outer chamber (15) by oil overflow hole (6), then it is flowed into lower chamber (12) by check valve (43);
Further, when injection liquid force feed, due to the gravitational force urges effect of hydraulic efficiency oil, promote piston cap (41) mobile towards front end end cover (2), and finally move to and the position that front end end cover (2) contacts; And when piston cap (41) is towards, in the process of front end end cover (2) movement, promoting piston rod (42) outwards to move gradually from the inside cavity of described hydro-cylinder (1) simultaneously; Further, when the sealed end of described piston rod (42) moves to outermost position, the described oil overflow hole (6) that described piston rod (42) is installed is still in the inside cavity of described hydro-cylinder (1); Described inner chamber body (14) is connected with described outer chamber (15) by described oil overflow hole (6);
Hydraulic buffer upset, after inner chamber body (14), outer chamber (15) and lower chamber (12) are all full of hydraulic efficiency oil, is the upright state that arranges by step 2; Then opening defeated medium valve (52), under gravity, the hydraulic efficiency oil being positioned at all cavitys above throttling bar (5) top end face all flows to snubber outside by defeated medium channel (51);
Then, by defeated medium channel (51), to being positioned at all cavity input compressed-airs above throttling bar (5) top end face, then close defeated medium valve (52);
Now, taking the bar that throttles (5) top end face as separation surface, it is positioned at all cavitys above throttling bar (5) top end face and fills up pressurized air; And be positioned at all cavitys below throttling bar (5) top end face and fill up hydraulic efficiency oil; Further, owing to the vertex of piston rod (42) movement travel can not exceed throttling bar (5) top end face, therefore, lower chamber (12) must fill up hydraulic efficiency oil; And owing to the sealed end of piston rod (42) is higher than the top of hydro-cylinder (1), therefore, the sealed end of piston rod (42) is inevitable higher than throttling bar (5) top end face, so, the inner chamber body of piston rod (42) must be filled with pressurized air;
Step 3, when piston rod (42) moves down by external force, due to piston rod (42) the 3rd open holes hole wall and throttling bar (5) outer wall between there is multiple damping gap, therefore, the hydraulic efficiency oil of lower chamber (12) is first flowed into inner chamber body (14) by damping gap, when the hydraulic efficiency oil being injected into inner chamber body (14) reach a certain amount of after, oil overflow hole (6) can be passed through and be flowed into outer chamber (15); Therefore, when the hydraulic efficiency oil of lower chamber (12) is upwards flowed by damping gap, form the damping force contrary with piston rod (42) travel direction, and this damping force directly acts on piston rod (42), surging force when moving under reaching the piston rod that contends with (42), play shock absorption, until making piston rod (42) stop lower shifting;
Step 4, when applying after the external force of piston rod (42) is removed and disappeared, owing to the inner chamber body of piston rod (42) is filled with pressurized air, therefore, under the effect of pressurized air, piston rod (42) moves up reset, and, in the process that piston rod (42) moves up, drive piston cap (41) to move up simultaneously; And when piston cap (41) moves up, the hydraulic efficiency oil being positioned at piston cap (41) top cavity flow back into lower chamber (12) by check valve (43).
6. the hydraulic cushion method of Multi-stage damping according to claim 5 throttling, it is characterised in that, also comprise:
When the hypertonia of lower chamber (12), open safety valve (8), the hydraulic efficiency oil of lower chamber (12) is flowed into defeated medium channel (51) by escape way (7), then is flowed into inner chamber body (14) by defeated medium channel (51).
7. the hydraulic cushion method of Multi-stage damping according to claim 5 throttling, it is characterized in that, also comprise: front end end cover (2) is movable with the inwall of hydro-cylinder (1), but fill up pressurized air owing to being positioned at all cavitys above throttling bar (5) top end face, therefore, pressurized air all the time forward end cap (2) apply to upward pressure, and then make front end end cover (2) be stabilized in the front end of hydro-cylinder (1).
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| CN111594565A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-08-28 | 乐天电梯部件(浙江)有限公司 | Hydraulic buffer |
| CN112594245A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-04-02 | 中国人民解放军96901部队24分队 | Bidirectional buffer hydraulic cylinder |
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| CN112594245B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-06-28 | 中国人民解放军96901部队24分队 | Bidirectional buffer hydraulic cylinder |
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