CN105671553A - Austenite stainless steel erosion agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Austenite stainless steel erosion agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105671553A CN105671553A CN201410663177.XA CN201410663177A CN105671553A CN 105671553 A CN105671553 A CN 105671553A CN 201410663177 A CN201410663177 A CN 201410663177A CN 105671553 A CN105671553 A CN 105671553A
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Abstract
The invention provides an austenite stainless steel erosion agent and a preparation method and application thereof. Ethyl alcohol serves as a solvent of the erosion agent. The solvent comprises, by per liter, 60-120 ml/L of concentrated nitric acid, 150-300 ml/L of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 100-200 g/L of ferric chloride. According to the austenite stainless steel erosion agent provided by the invention, the erosion agent is a novel erosion agent obtained through repeated exploration in the experimental process, the adverse effects of the high volatility and corrosivity of aqua regia on a human body are avoided, the situation that dotted spots are produced due to uneven corrosion through a hydrochloric acid FeCl3 water solution and the other erosion agents, and the erosion process is easy to control; in addition, a polishing effect is achieved to a certain extent, tiny scratches on the surface of an austenite alloy sample can be removed, and austenite grain boundaries and the precipitated phase morphology can be clearly and completely shown; moreover, compared with other common erosion agents, the austenite stainless steel erosion agent is stable in component, capable of being stored for a long time under an airtight condition and high in using convenience.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal conditioner, particularly relate to a kind of austenitic stainless steel aggressive agent and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel generally has high level austenitizing alloying element, and such as alloying elements such as Mn, Ni, Ti, Co, therefore its corrosion resistance is far above common ferrite type or martensite type alloy, in an experiment, generally adopts chloroazotic acid, hydrochloric acid FeCl3The several methods such as aqueous solution, picrate aqueous acid and Fluohydric acid..
In actual use, chloroazotic acid has good corrosive effect, no matter corrodes drop and spatters contact human body, or in the sour gas suction body of volatilization, all health is produced bigger infringement so that the use scope of chloroazotic acid is significantly limited.
Picrate aqueous acid also has good erosion effect, but picric acid formal name used at school 2,4,6-trinitrophenols, for easily making quick-fried chemicals, it is heated, can blast when contacting naked light, Gao Re or be subject to friction vibrations, shock, picric acid contact skin, or it is volatized into respiratory tract, all health is had harmful effect, preserves and use requirement of shelter all higher.
Hydrochloric acid FeCl3Aqueous solution also is able to corrode austenitic stainless steel, manifests crystal boundary, but due to its material adding strong oxidizing property, easily causes spot corrosion in corrosion process, and the tissue obtained has the uneven punctual blob caused of macro-corrosion, it is difficult to obtain good erosion effect.
Medicated clothing, skin, eyes, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal mucosal are all had stimulation, corrosiveness by fluohydric acid gas, and at inside of human body, Fluohydric acid. reacts with calcium ion and magnesium ion, and Just because of this, it can make dependence both the above ion play the organ forfeiture effect of function. The heart, liver, kidney and neural damage may finally be caused. Fluorion can also combine with hemoglobin and form fluorine haemachrome, affects Cellular respiration function. Substantially burn additionally, Fluohydric acid. can cause contact site, make histone dehydration and dissolving, horny layer can be readily penetrated through, penetrate into deep tissue, dissolved cell film, cause tissue to liquefy, severe one as deep as periosteum and sclerotin, can make skeleton become calcium fluoride, form the ulcer of indolence. Suck high concentration steam or percutaneous absorbtion can cause voltinism pneumonia pulmonary edema.
In order to avoid the unfavorable factor that above-mentioned multiple common austenite aggressive agent exists, need the austenite aggressive agent of a kind of safer environmental protection badly.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of austenitic stainless steel aggressive agent.
Further object is that the preparation method that described aggressive agent is provided.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide the application in austenitic stainless steel processes of the described aggressive agent.
A further object of the present invention is in that to provide applies the method that described aggressive agent processes austenitic stainless steel.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of austenitic stainless steel aggressive agent, described aggressive agent is with ethanol for solvent, and wherein every liter of solvent comprises following composition: 60～120ml/L concentrated nitric acid, 150～300ml/L concentrated hydrochloric acid and 100～200g/L iron chloride.
Wherein the effect of each composition is as follows:
Solvent used in the present invention is ethanol, generally see that the solvent of aggressive agent is generally water or ethanol, also a small amount of aggressive agent is had to adopt other solvents, in the present invention, ethanol all can dissolve each other with most of Organic substances and inorganic matter, has good dissolubility, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase reaction rate, and ensureing the uniformity corroded so that this aggressive agent has certain chemical polishing effect; Iron chloride has stronger oxidisability, by adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, introduces H+And Cl-Suppress Fe3+Hydrolysis, it is ensured that Fe3+Concentration, promotes that reaction is performed continuously over; Nitrogen element in nitric acid is that highest price state (+5) therefore nitric acid has strong oxidizing property, in the present invention it is possible to suppress the black splotch that aggressive agent causes in the non-uniform corrosion that specimen surface is formed to a certain extent.
According to aggressive agent of the present invention, the present invention is it is preferred that every liter of solvent comprises following composition: 100ml/L concentrated nitric acid, 300ml/L concentrated hydrochloric acid and 100g/L iron chloride.
Wherein said concentrated nitric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid and iron chloride are commercially available prod, and the concentrated nitric acid of conventional commercial, concentrated hydrochloric acid and iron chloride are used equally to the present invention.
Wherein the preferred described iron chloride of the present invention is ferric chloride hexahydrate.
The aggressive agent of present invention preparation is loaded in the light tight vial of sealing, can preserving for a long time, if being placed in open-top receptacle, must use as early as possible.
Aggressive agent of the present invention is easily prepared, and erosive velocity is easily controlled, corrodes uniformly, can manifest crystal boundary and precipitated phase form clearly.
On the other hand, the preparation method that the invention provides described aggressive agent, described method comprises the steps: to be added in ethanol by iron chloride, stirring and dissolving, is slowly added concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid successively, stands more than 3 hours.
Another further aspect, the invention provides the application in austenitic stainless steel processes of the described aggressive agent.
Another aspect, the invention provides and apply the method that described aggressive agent processes austenitic stainless steel, and described method includes:
(1) austenitic stainless steel is carried out pre-grinding and polishing;
(2) by the austenitic stainless steel alcohol flushing of pre-grinding and polishing, then dry;
(3) with described etchant wiping austenitic stainless steel surface, graying to surface color;
(4) with distilled water or alcohol flushing austenitic stainless steel, dry
According to method of the present invention, step (3) is the wiping 15-30 second.
According to method of the present invention, step (2) and/or step (4) is described dries as drying up.
According to method of the present invention, step (4) is with, after distilled water or alcohol flushing austenitic stainless steel, also including the step with the cotton thing wiping austenitic stainless steel surface being moistened with ethanol.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of austenitic stainless steel aggressive agent and its preparation method and application. The aggressive agent of the present invention has the advantage that
Austenitic stainless steel aggressive agent provided by the invention is the novel aggressive agent repeatedly groping in experimentation to obtain, it is to avoid human body is had undesirable effect by strong volatility and the corrosivity of chloroazotic acid, without example hydrochloric acid FeCl3This kind of aggressive agent of aqueous solution corrodes the uneven punctual blob that causes, and erosion process is easily controlled, and has certain polishing effect, it is possible to remove the small cut of austenitic alloy specimen surface, it is possible to complete display manifest austenite grain boundary and precipitated phase pattern;It addition, compared with other common aggressive agents, this aggressive agent stable components, in airtight situation, it is possible to long-term storage, use convenience height.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-4 is the comparative example difference aggressive agent erosion effect metallographic structure figure to 18Mn18Cr material;
Fig. 5-8 is the comparative example difference aggressive agent erosion effect metallographic structure figure to 304 materials.
Detailed description of the invention
The beneficial effect of the implementation process of the present invention and generation is described in detail, it is intended to help reader to be more fully understood that essence and the feature of the present invention, not as can the restriction of practical range to this case below by way of specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Aggressive agent component and proportioning be: 5ml concentrated nitric acid, 15ml concentrated hydrochloric acid, 5g iron chloride, 50ml ethanol.
It is formulated as: in reagent bottle or graduated cylinder, adds 50ml ethanol; Then add 5g iron chloride, slowly shake up, after it fully dissolves, be slowly added 15ml concentrated hydrochloric acid and 5ml concentrated nitric acid successively, stand more than 3 hours.
After having prepared according to above-mentioned aggressive agent component, clamp absorbent cotton by tweezers, dip in after full aggressive agent in specimen surface wiping, about wiping 30s, or it is graying to see specimen surface color.
Wiping completes, with distilled water or alcohol flushing, then with clean ethanol cotton balls wiping, and to dry up ethanol with air-blowing or hair-dryer.
Comparative example:
In this comparative example, the aggressive agent of different formulations is adopted to erode simulated operation for 18Mn18Cr and 304 bi-material. Carry out identical erosion operations under the same conditions, 4# aggressive agent (embodiment 1 product) is respectively provided with good erosion effect, and the effect of chemical polishing can be played, eliminate the minute scratch marks of specimen surface, crystal boundary, twin boundary can be manifested and precipitate out equal tissue simultaneously. Shown in table 1 specific as follows, table 2 and Fig. 1-8:
Table 1, the different aggressive agent impact on 18Mn18Cr material
Table 2, the different aggressive agent impact on 304 materials
Claims (9)
1. an austenitic stainless steel aggressive agent, it is characterised in that described aggressive agent is with ethanol for solvent, and wherein every liter of solvent comprises following composition: 60～120ml/L concentrated nitric acid, 150～300ml/L concentrated hydrochloric acid and 100～200g/L iron chloride.
2. aggressive agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that every liter of solvent comprises following composition: 100ml/L concentrated nitric acid, 300ml/L concentrated hydrochloric acid and 100g/L iron chloride.
3. aggressive agent according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described iron chloride is ferric chloride hexahydrate.
4. the preparation method of the aggressive agent described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps: to be added in ethanol by iron chloride, stirring and dissolving, is slowly added concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid successively, stands more than 3 hours.
5. the application in austenitic stainless steel processes of the aggressive agent described in claims 1 to 3 any one.
6. the method that aggressive agent described in application claims 1 to 3 any one processes austenitic stainless steel, it is characterised in that described method includes:
(1) austenitic stainless steel is carried out pre-grinding and polishing;
(2) by the austenitic stainless steel alcohol flushing of pre-grinding and polishing, then dry;
(3) with described aggressive agent wiping austenitic stainless steel surface, graying to surface color;
(4) with distilled water or alcohol flushing austenitic stainless steel, dry.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step (3) is the wiping 15-30 second.
8. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step (2) and/or step (4) is described dries as drying up.
9. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step (4) is with, after distilled water or alcohol flushing austenitic stainless steel, also including the step with the cotton thing wiping austenitic stainless steel surface being moistened with ethanol.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106245029A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-21 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Aggressive agent that the lasting sample tissue of Super304H austenitic stainless steel shows, preparation method and application method |
| CN106383048A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-02-08 | 济南大学 | Preparation method of etching agent for aluminophosphate minerals for petrographic examination and identification |
| CN106596235A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-04-26 | 东北大学 | Dendritic crystal corroding agent for high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN106917091A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-07-04 | 广东省工业分析检测中心 | A kind of powder of stainless steel metallographic etchant and its caustic solution |
| CN108414554A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-17 | 暨南大学 | A method of it is measured for thick-walled seamless steel pipes material delta ferrite level |
| CN109628933A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-04-16 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel metallographic etching agent and its application method |
| CN110068492A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-07-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of metallographic etching agent and its application method for the dyeing of advanced high-strength steel retained austenite |
| CN112129755A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-25 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Method for detecting martensite content in high-strength dual-phase steel |
| CN112695323A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-23 | 广西北部湾新材料有限公司 | Metallographic etchant for austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled sheet and sample corrosion method |
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| JP2014198862A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-23 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | Colored etchant and etching method capable of identifying retained austenite from other structure |
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| CN102234806A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-11-09 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Stainless steel etching solution and etching method |
| JP2014198862A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-23 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | Colored etchant and etching method capable of identifying retained austenite from other structure |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106245029A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-12-21 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Aggressive agent that the lasting sample tissue of Super304H austenitic stainless steel shows, preparation method and application method |
| CN106245029B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-12-04 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Aggressive agent that the lasting sample tissue of Super304H austenitic stainless steel is shown, preparation method and application method |
| CN106383048A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-02-08 | 济南大学 | Preparation method of etching agent for aluminophosphate minerals for petrographic examination and identification |
| CN106383048B (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-09-11 | 济南大学 | A kind of preparation for petrographic detector identification aluminophosphates mineral etchant |
| CN106596235A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-04-26 | 东北大学 | Dendritic crystal corroding agent for high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN106917091A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-07-04 | 广东省工业分析检测中心 | A kind of powder of stainless steel metallographic etchant and its caustic solution |
| CN110068492A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2019-07-30 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of metallographic etching agent and its application method for the dyeing of advanced high-strength steel retained austenite |
| CN108414554A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-08-17 | 暨南大学 | A method of it is measured for thick-walled seamless steel pipes material delta ferrite level |
| CN109628933A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-04-16 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel metallographic etching agent and its application method |
| CN112129755A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-25 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Method for detecting martensite content in high-strength dual-phase steel |
| CN112695323A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-23 | 广西北部湾新材料有限公司 | Metallographic etchant for austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled sheet and sample corrosion method |
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