CN105668787A - Combined type multi-stage biological aerated filter and wastewater treatment process based on same - Google Patents
Combined type multi-stage biological aerated filter and wastewater treatment process based on same Download PDFInfo
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- CN105668787A CN105668787A CN201610050324.5A CN201610050324A CN105668787A CN 105668787 A CN105668787 A CN 105668787A CN 201610050324 A CN201610050324 A CN 201610050324A CN 105668787 A CN105668787 A CN 105668787A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 sodium citrate modified zeolite Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 139
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000521257 Hydrops Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 2
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-dicarboxybenzene Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a combined type two-stage biological aerated filter and a wastewater treatment process based on the same. The combined type two-stage biological aerated filter is suitable for buried integral wastewater treatment equipment for rural domestic wastewater and is characterized in that a main filter body is in a steel tank shape, a primary-stage biological aerated filter filled with suspended filler is arranged in the center of a tank body, wastewater is aerated while entering the primary-stage biological aerated filter, carbonization and ammonization of wastewater part and SS (suspended solid) removal are realized, a second-stage biological aerated filter filled with a sodium citrate modified zeolite filter material and a third-stage biological aerated filter are arranged on the periphery of a central filter column; the second-stage biological aerated filter is controlled in dissolved oxygen concentration, synchronous nitration and denitrification are realized, finally, organic matters in the wastewater are further oxidized through the third-stage biological aerated filter, and quality of effluent is improved; the three biological aerated filters are equipped with independent backwashing devices, and backwashing at different frequency and different intensity can be performed independently; carbonization, nitration and denitrification reactions can be completed simultaneously, and decarburization efficiency and denitrification efficiency of the biological aerated filters are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sewage treatment area, particularly a kind of combined type multi-stage aeration biological filter tank and the sewage treatment process based on this filter tank.
Background technology
BAF is the sewage-treatment plant risen late nineteen eighties the early 1990s, is used primarily for municipal sewage tertiary treatment, after develop into again and be directly used in municipal sewage two stage treatment. It mainly through being filled with the filtrate of different-grain diameter in biofilter, and equipped with aerator at the bottom of pond, sewage flows through filter material layer, and clean bed without membrane filtration grows biomembrane, completes the biofilm stage. After biofilm completes, sewage flows through filter bed, and pollutant first pass through physical absorption and ion exchange, and then are decomposed by the microbiological oxidation of filter material surface. The maximum feature in biofilter is biological oxidation and Physical entrapment filters in one, it is not necessary to arranging second pond, have volumetric loading big, hydraulic detention time is short, and capital expenditure is few, water quality advantages of higher.
BAF quickly grows in recent years, process form is constantly weeded out the old and bring forth the new, publication number is the open a kind of complex biological filter of patent literary composition of CN203498151, this filter tank is mainly made up of biochemical reaction tank and funnelform filtering ponds, the fixing docking in the bottom of biochemical reaction tank and the top of filtering ponds is connected as a single entity, in biochemical reaction tank, the position near bottom is fixed with the first orifice plate, orifice plate is fixedly arranged above aeration head, aeration head is covered by the ceramics filling layer being laid on above the first orifice plate, in filtering ponds, the position near bottom is fixed with the second orifice plate, second orifice plate is equipped with stone layer, stone layer is overlaid with quartz sand layer, equipped with outlet pipe under second orifice plate, this complex biological filter is simple and compact for structure, easy to clean, biochemical reaction tank and filtering ponds are combined as a whole, but this filter tank is only made up of biochemistry pool and filtering ponds, single biochemistry pool has been difficult to carbonization, nitrification and denitrification process, causes water outlet COD, total nitrogen concentration still higher, and treatment effeciency is relatively low.There is no perfect backwashing system, it is easy to cause filter tank to block, Han Mei (" floating stuffing-zeolite BAF is to the removal behavior of ammonia nitrogen in low temperature water and Mechanism Study ", Harbin Institute of Technology's thesis for the doctorate, 2014) propose to fill in a kind of reactor by two kinds without the filler of particle diameter, achieve and carbonation stage was separated with the nitrated stage, the time of staying difference problem that autotrophic bacteria and the heterotrophic bacteria increment time from generation to generation that solves is different and causes, but only solve filter tank carbonization and nitrated problem, it is only nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen by ammonium oxidation, total nitrogen concentration is still higher, denitrification denitrogenation problem still exists, and this filter tank floor space is bigger, cell body is higher, energy-output ratio is big, unsuitable popularization and application.
Summary of the invention
Easily block for above-mentioned existing BAF, denitrification cannot be completed, the problem that the backwash frequency that water outlet total nitrogen is higher and the heterotrophic bacteria of carbonization and nitrated autotrophic bacteria proliferation period from generation to generation differ and cause differs, the present invention provides a kind of combined type multi-stage aeration biological filter tank and technique thereof, this biofilter realizes splitting carbonization and nitration denitrification, stablizing water outlet, the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of combined type multi-stage aeration biological filter tank, water inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of body bottom, filter tank it is arranged at including can-like filter tank body, this filter tank body bottom center is provided with cylindric primary BAF, and primary BAF outer end is from top to bottom divided into two grades of BAFs and three grades of BAFs;
The first water inlet water-distributing device, the first aerator, the first perforated plate and the first rubble supporting layer it is sequentially provided with from the bottom to top between primary BAF and water inlet pipe; First perforated plate and the first rubble supporting layer extend below to filtering ponds filler through primary BAF; First rubble supporting layer is provided with the first backwash discharge pipeline;
Primary BAF and two grades of BAF tops flush, and it is provided with the second perforated plate, after sewage is entered primary BAF by water inlet pipe, the first water inlet water-distributing device by the first perforated plate and the first rubble supporting layer, again through the second perforated plate, two grades of BAFs are entered by the second water inlet water-distributing device by the downflow weir being arranged at primary BAF top, it is provided with check-valves, to prevent two grades of BAF backwashing waters from entering in primary BAF between downflow weir and the second water inlet water-distributing device;
From top to bottom it is sequentially provided with the second aerator, the second rubble supporting layer and the 3rd perforated plate bottom two grades of BAFs, the second rubble supporting layer is provided with the second backwash discharge pipeline; Sewage is entered three grades of BAFs by bottom two grades of BAFs by the second rubble supporting layer and the 3rd perforated plate, the first rubble supporting layer and the first perforated plate from top to bottom it has been followed successively by bottom three grades of BAFs, sewage, after filtering the first perforated plate, is discharged again through outlet pipe;
Primary BAF and two grades of BAFs are equipped with independent back purge system, in order to it is carried out the backwash of different frequency varying strength; Wherein primary BAF is additionally provided with the first backwash distribution device and the first backwash water inlet pipe, compression air is entered primary BAF by the first backwash distribution device, after clear water is then entered primary BAF by the first backwash water inlet pipe by the first water inlet water-distributing device, flow out again through backwash outlet pipe, rinse produced mud and discharged by the first backwash discharge pipeline; Two grades of BAFs are additionally provided with the second backwash distribution device and the second backwash water inlet pipe, compression air is entered two grades of BAFs by the second backwash distribution device, after clear water is then entered two grades of BAFs by the second backwash water inlet pipe by backwash water inlet water-distributing device, flow out again through backwash outlet pipe, rinse produced mud and discharged by the second backwash discharge pipeline;
From top to bottom being sequentially provided with the 3rd aerator and the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline bottom three grades of BAFs, the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline is arranged in the first rubble supporting layer;
Three grades of BAFs are additionally provided with the 3rd backwash distribution device, the 3rd backwash water inlet pipe and the 3rd backwash water inlet water-distributing device, compression air is entered three grades of BAFs by the 3rd backwash distribution device, after clear water then enters three grades of BAFs by the 3rd backwash water inlet pipe via the 3rd backwash water inlet water-distributing device, flow out again through outlet pipe, rinse produced mud and discharged by the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline;
Wherein, being that post is filtered at the center equipped with floating stuffing in described primary BAF, described floating stuffing is mixed acquisition by activated carbon and polrvinyl chloride; Equipped with by the filler (vast stretch of wooded country formed through sodium citrate modified zeolite in two grades of BAFs, Liu Quanli, the influence research of low concentration carbon, nitrogen pollutant in sodium citrate modification on zeolite absorption water, University of Science & Technology, Beijing, 2015), to reduce the running resistance in decarburization district, nitrification zone Biomass can be made again to be accumulated, improve the efficiency of carbonization and nitration reaction. Backwash water amount and backwash drag losses can be reduced simultaneously; Equipped with the filler formed through sodium citrate modified zeolite in filtering ponds, improve effluent quality further, alleviate because low temperature and high load capacity etc. impact the problem making effluent quality unstable.
Preferably, in the present invention, the floating stuffing in center filter post is to be the activated carbon of 5-7mm by particle diameter and polrvinyl chloride 3:7 by volume mixes.
Preferably, in the present invention, in described two grades of BAFs and three grades of BAFs, the particle diameter of filler is 1-3mm.
Preferably, in the present invention, in primary BAF, the first water inlet water-distributing device, the second water inlet water-distributing device and the 3rd water-distributing device and backwash water inlet water-distributing device are nozzle-type water-distributing device.
Preferably, in the present invention, described first rubble supporting layer and the second rubble supporting layer all adopt rubble or the cobble of particle diameter 4-6cm, and ballast grain sizes tapers into from bottom to top, form rubble hydrops layer; First rubble supporting layer and the second rubble supporting layer are provided with collector pipe and discharge pipeline, drain pipe is the first backwash drain pipe, the second backwash drain pipe and the 3rd backwash drain pipe, drain pipe is for getting rid of the sewage that backwash produces, discharge pipeline is the first backwash discharge pipeline, the second backwash discharge pipeline and the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline, for discharging the mud that backwash produces.
A kind of sewage treatment process based on described combined type double-stage aeration bio-filter, specifically comprises the following steps that
A) by pending domestic sewage in rural areas by water inlet pipe through first intake water-distributing device even into primary BAF after, flowed up through floating stuffing simultaneously aeration, two grades of BAFs equipped with relatively flour filler are entered by downflow weir and check-valves, run still further below to three grades of BAFs, discharged by outlet pipe by gravity;
Wherein, in primary BAF, dissolved oxygen concentration is 3-5mg/L, it is ensured that provide sufficient dissolved oxygen content for organic carbon; Two grades of BAF dissolved oxygen concentrations are 0.6-1mg/L, to synchronously complete nitration denitrification; Three grades of BAF dissolved oxygen concentrations are 2-4mg/L, and sewage residence time in the body of can-like filter tank is 30-45min;
B) back purge system adopts size backwash to hocket, and every 5-10 days, primary BAF is carried out backwash, is namely first passed into compression air by the first backwash distribution device to primary BAF, carries out air purge;Uniformly being passed into clear water by the first water inlet water-distributing device to primary BAF by the first backwash water inlet pipe again to wash, backwash water outlet is flowed out by backwash outlet pipe, and the mud that washing produces then is discharged by the first backwash discharge pipeline;
C) every 20-40 days, two grades of BAFs are carried out backwash, namely first passed into compression air by the second backwash distribution device to two grades of BAFs, carry out air purge; Being passed into uniform clear water by backwash water inlet water-distributing device to two grades of BAFs by the second backwash water inlet pipe again to wash, backwash water outlet is flowed out by backwash outlet pipe, and the mud that washing produces then is discharged by the second backwash discharge pipeline;
D) every 30-60 days, three grades of BAFs are carried out backwash, namely first passed into compression air by the 3rd backwash distribution device to three grades of BAFs, carry out air purge; Being passed into uniform clear water by backwash water inlet water-distributing device to three grades of BAFs by the 3rd backwash water inlet pipe again to wash, backwash water outlet is flowed out by backwash outlet pipe, and the mud that washing produces then is discharged by the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline.
Disclosure a kind of combined type double-stage aeration bio-filter is a kind of underground integrated sewage treating equipment suitable in rural domestic sewage treatment, and compared with prior art, it has the beneficial effect that:
(1) present invention adopts underground integrated sewage treating equipment to process domestic sewage in rural areas, it is possible to synchronizing carbonization and denitrogenation, treatment effect is higher.
(2) primary BAF of the present invention adopts floating stuffing, two grades of BAFs and filtering ponds adopt sodium citrate modified zeolite, this technique has incorporated the advantage of biological oxidation and zeolite adsorption, defines the biochemical materialization coupled system integrating fluidized-bed process and fixed-bed process.
(3) sewage is first in primary BAF center filter post, filler is pushed up against by the floating stuffing in center filter post under the effect that water inlet waterpower and aeration promote, part floating stuffing on center filter post is made to be in suspension squeezed state, lower portion is in suspended state, but the float retained along with lower part filler increases, just start to sink when bottom filler gravity is more than aeration and hydraulic hoisting effect, aging biomembrane and float are washed to be taken away from backwash collector pipe, bottom floating stuffing rises again, so repeatedly, thus extending the backwashing period of primary BAF, simultaneously because aging biomembrane and float sink to taking out of, will not enter in two grades of BAFs, also reduce two grades of blocked probability of BAF.
(4) present invention is provided with two grades of BAFs and filtering ponds, two grades of BAFs achieve synchronous nitration and denitrification, in primary BAF, floating stuffing retains float and is oxidized decomposition, realize organic carbonization, retaining and aoxidizing by primary BAF, sewage enters in two grades of BAFs, by controlling the dissolved oxygen content in two grades of BAFs, two grades of BAFs utilize remaining Organic substance and suitable dissolved oxygen to realize synchronous nitration denitrification denitrogenation; Have three grades of BAFs at two grades of BAFs simultaneously, the pollutant such as the ammonia nitrogen of low concentration, Organic substance can be aoxidized further, effluent quality is made to improve further, it is also possible to alleviate biofilter and go out the situation of water unstable under being impacted by low temperature, high load capacity etc.
(5) the combined type multi-stage aeration biological filter tank of the present invention is higher to the removal efficiency of Organic substance, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen, COD(COD) clearance reach more than 85%, ammonia nitrogen removal frank is up to more than 95%, and the clearance of total nitrogen is also up to 80%.Hardly degraded organic substance and metal ion also there is certain clearance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is combined type multi-stage biological BAF structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention processes the subregion schematic diagram formed in method for waste water.
In figure, 1, water inlet pipe; 2, the second backwash water inlet pipe; 3, backwash water inlet water-distributing device; 4, backwash outlet pipe; 5, the first backwash distribution device; 6, the first water inlet water-distributing device; 7, the first backwash discharge pipeline; 8, the first aerator; 9, zeolite filler layer; 10, floating stuffing layer; 11, the second backwash discharge pipeline; 12, the second aerator; 13, the first perforated plate; 14, the 3rd perforated plate; 15, water pump; 16, downflow weir; 17, the second water inlet water-distributing device; 18, the second rubble supporting layer; 19, the second perforated plate; 20, check-valves; 21, outlet pipe; 22, the first backwash water inlet pipe; 23, the second backwash distribution device; 24, the second backwash drain pipe; 25, can-like filter tank body; 26, primary BAF; 27, two grades of BAFs; 28, three grades of BAFs; 29, the first rubble supporting layer; 30, the 3rd aerator; 31, the 3rd backwash water inlet water-distributing device; 32, the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline; 33, the 3rd backwash distribution device; 34, the 3rd backwash water inlet pipe.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of combined type double-stage aeration bio-filter, including can-like filter tank body 25, and it is arranged at water inlet pipe 1 and the outlet pipe 21 of body 25 bottom, can-like filter tank, can-like filter tank body 25 bottom center is provided with cylindric primary BAF 26, and filter tank body 25 is from top to bottom divided into two grades of BAFs 27 and three grades of BAFs 28 by primary BAF 26; The diameter of cylindric primary BAF and can-like filter tank body ratio is for 1:2;
The first water inlet water-distributing device the 6, first aerator the 8, first perforated plate 13 and the first rubble supporting layer 29 it is sequentially provided with from the bottom to top between primary BAF 26 and water inlet pipe 1; First perforated plate 13 and the first rubble supporting layer 29 both pass through primary BAF 26 and extend below to filtering ponds 28 lower section of filler 18; First rubble supporting layer 29 is additionally provided with the first backwash discharge pipeline;
Primary BAF 26 flushes with two grades of BAF 27 tops, and it is provided with the second perforated plate 19, sewage is by water inlet pipe 1, after first water inlet water-distributing device 6 enters primary BAF 26 by the first perforated plate 13 and the first rubble supporting layer 29, again through the second perforated plate 19, entered in two grades of BAFs 27 by the downflow weir 16 being arranged at primary BAF 26 top by the second water inlet water-distributing device 17, it is provided with check-valves 20 between downflow weir 16 and the second water inlet water-distributing device 17, to prevent the backwashing water in two grades of BAFs 27 from entering in primary BAF 26,
From top to bottom it is sequentially provided with the second aerator the 12, second rubble supporting layer 18 and the 3rd perforated plate 14 bottom two grades of BAFs 27, the second rubble supporting layer 18 is provided with the second backwash discharge pipeline 24; Sewage is entered filtering ponds 28 by bottom two grades of BAFs 27 by the second rubble supporting layer 18 and the 3rd perforated plate 14, the first rubble supporting layer 29 and the first perforated plate 13 from top to bottom it has been followed successively by bottom three grades of BAFs 28, sewage, after filtering the first perforated plate 13, is discharged again through outlet pipe 21;
Primary 26, two grades of BAFs 27 of BAF and three grades of BAFs 28 are respectively arranged with independent back purge system, in order to it is carried out the backwash of different frequency varying strength; Wherein primary BAF 26 is provided with the first backwash distribution device 5 and the first backwash water inlet pipe 22, compression air is entered primary BAF 26 by the first backwash distribution device 5, after clear water is then entered primary BAF 26 by the first backwash water inlet pipe 22 by the first water inlet water-distributing device 6, flow out again through backwash outlet pipe 4, rinse produced mud and discharged by the first backwash discharge pipeline 7;
Two grades of BAFs 27 are additionally provided with the second backwash distribution device 33 and the 3rd backwash water inlet pipe 2, compression air is entered in two grades of BAFs 27 by the second backwash distribution device 23, after clear water is then entered two grades of BAFs 27 by the second backwash water inlet pipe 2 by backwash water inlet water-distributing device 3, flow out again through backwash outlet pipe 4, rinse produced mud and discharged by the second backwash discharge pipeline 11;
From top to bottom being sequentially provided with the 3rd aerator 30 and the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline 32 bottom three grades of BAFs 28, the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline 32 is arranged in the first rubble supporting layer 29;
Three grades of BAFs 28 are additionally provided with the 3rd backwash distribution device 33 and the 3rd backwash water inlet distribution device 31, compression air is entered in three grades of BAFs 28 by the 3rd backwash distribution device 33, after clear water then enters three grades of BAFs 28 by the 3rd backwash water inlet pipe 34 via the 3rd backwash water inlet water-distributing device 31, flow out again through outlet pipe 21, rinse produced mud and discharged by the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline 32;
Wherein, being provided with the center filter post 10 of floating stuffing in primary BAF 26, described floating stuffing is the activated carbon of 5-7mm by particle diameter and polrvinyl chloride 3:7 by volume mixes; Equipped with by the filler 9 formed through sodium citrate modified zeolite (preparation method is referring to " vast stretch of wooded country; Liu Quanli; the influence research of low concentration carbon, nitrogen pollutant in sodium citrate modification on zeolite absorption water; University of Science & Technology, Beijing; 2015 ") in two grades of BAFs 27 and three grades of BAFs 28, filler 9 particle diameter is 1-3mm, to reduce the running resistance in decarburization district, nitration denitrification district Biomass can be made again to be accumulated, improve carbonization and the efficiency of nitrification and denitrification reaction. Backwash water amount and backwash drag losses can be reduced simultaneously; Three grades of BAFs 28 improve effluent quality further, alleviate because low temperature and high load capacity etc. impact the problem making effluent quality unstable.
In the present embodiment, first water inlet water-distributing device the 6, second water inlet water-distributing device 17 and backwash water inlet water-distributing device 3 in primary BAF 26 are nozzle-type water-distributing device.
In the present embodiment, the first rubble supporting layer 29 and the second rubble supporting layer 18 all adopt rubble or the cobble of particle diameter 4-6cm, and ballast grain sizes tapers into from bottom to top, form rubble hydrops layer; First rubble supporting layer 29 and the second rubble supporting layer 18 are provided with collector pipe, are the first backwash discharge pipeline 7 and the second backwash discharge pipeline 11, for discharging the mud that backwash produces.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment utilizes the combined type double-stage aeration bio-filter that embodiment 1 obtains to process certain domestic sewage in rural areas, and the COD concentration of its sewage is 240mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen concentration is 32.1mg/L, and nitrate is 10mg/l.
Process technique is as follows:
A) pending laboratory simulation water distribution is uniformly sprinkled into primary BAF 26 by water inlet pipe 1 through the first water inlet step water device 6, water inlet is upwards driven in the wrong direction the floating stuffing filtering in post 10 through center aeration simultaneously, enter equipped with in two grades of BAFs 27 of relatively flour filler by downflow weir 16 and check-valves 20, run still further below to three grades of BAFs 28, discharged by outlet pipe 21 finally by gravity;
Wherein, in primary BAF 26, dissolved oxygen concentration is 3-5mg/L, it is ensured that provide sufficient dissolved oxygen content for organic carbon; Two grades of BAF 27 dissolved oxygen concentrations are 0.6-1mg/L, to synchronously complete nitration denitrification; Two grades of BAF 27 dissolved oxygen concentrations are 2-4mg/L, and sewage residence time in can-like filter tank body 25 is 30-50min;
B) back purge system adopts size backwash to hocket, and every 5-10 days, primary BAF 26 is carried out backwash, is namely first passed into compression air by the first backwash distribution device 5 to primary BAF 26, carries out air purge; Being washed to uniformly passing into clear water in primary BAF 26 by the first water inlet water-distributing device 6 by the first backwash water inlet pipe 22, backwash water outlet is flowed out by backwash outlet pipe 4, and the mud that washing produces then is discharged by the first backwash discharge pipeline 7 again; Namely backwash water outlet is limpid completes backwash process.
Every 20-40 days, two grades of BAFs 27 are carried out backwash, namely first passed into compression air by the second backwash distribution device 23 to two grades of BAFs 27, carry out air purge; Washed to passing into uniform clear water in 3 two grades of BAFs 27 by backwash water inlet water-distributing device by the second backwash water inlet pipe 2 again, backwash water outlet is flowed out by backwash outlet pipe 4, and the mud that washing produces then is discharged by the second backwash discharge pipeline 24. Namely backwash water outlet is limpid completes backwash process.
Every 30-60 days, three grades of BAFs 28 are carried out backwash, namely first passed into compression air by the 3rd backwash distribution device 33 to three grades of BAFs 28, carry out air purge; Being passed into clear water by backwash water inlet water-distributing device 3 to three grades of BAFs 28 by the 3rd backwash water inlet pipe 2 again to wash, clear water is flowed out by outlet pipe 21, and the mud that washing produces then is discharged by the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline 32.
In the present embodiment, filter tank volume is 5L, the operation time is 6 months, the process water yield is 2.5L/h, water outlet detects that the removal efficiency of Organic substance, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen is higher, COD(COD) clearance reach more than 85%, ammonia nitrogen removal frank is up to more than 95%, and the clearance of nitrate nitrogen is also up to 80%.
Embodiment 3:
Present embodiment utilizes combined type multi-stage aeration biological filter tank to process certain domestic sewage in rural areas, and inlet COD concentration is 200-300mg/L, and ammonia nitrogen concentration is 25-40mg/L, TN concentration is 40-60mg/L, TP concentration is that 4-7mg/L, 10-20mg/L lead phthalic acid lipid material, and turbidity is 7-10NTU.
The present embodiment sewage operation time is 6 months, the process water yield is 2.5L/h, primary BAF is every backwash in 7 days once, two grades of BAFs are every backwash in 15 days once, water outlet detects that the clearance of Organic substance, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen all reaches more than 85%, the clearance of TP is about 80%, and the clearance of neck phthalic acid lipid material is more than 60%, and the clearance of turbidity can arrive more than 90%.
Embodiment described above only have expressed embodiments of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some improvement, these improvement broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a combined type double-stage aeration bio-filter, including can-like filter tank body, the water inlet pipe being positioned at body bottom, filter tank and outlet pipe, it is characterized in that: described filter tank body bottom center is provided with cylindric primary BAF, and filter tank body is from top to bottom divided into two grades of BAFs and three grades of BAFs by this primary BAF;
The first water inlet water-distributing device, the first aerator, the first perforated plate and the first rubble supporting layer it is sequentially provided with from the bottom to top between primary BAF and water inlet pipe; First perforated plate and the first rubble supporting layer extend below to filtering ponds filler through primary BAF; First rubble supporting layer is provided with the first backwash discharge pipeline;
Primary BAF and two grades of BAF tops flush, and it is provided with the second perforated plate, after sewage is entered primary BAF by water inlet pipe, the first water inlet water-distributing device by the first perforated plate and the first rubble supporting layer, again through the second perforated plate, entered two grades of BAFs by the downflow weir being arranged at primary BAF top by the second water inlet water-distributing device, between downflow weir and the second water inlet water-distributing device, be provided with check-valves;
Primary BAF is additionally provided with the first backwash distribution device and the first backwash water inlet pipe, compression air is entered primary BAF by the first backwash distribution device, after clear water is then entered primary BAF by the first backwash water inlet pipe by the first water inlet water-distributing device, flow out again through backwash outlet pipe, rinse produced mud and discharged by the first backwash discharge pipeline;
From top to bottom it is sequentially provided with the second aerator, the second rubble supporting layer and the 3rd perforated plate bottom two grades of BAFs, the second rubble supporting layer is provided with the second backwash discharge pipeline; Sewage is entered three grades of BAFs by bottom two grades of BAFs by the second rubble supporting layer and the 3rd orifice plate, the first rubble supporting layer and the first perforated plate from top to bottom it has been followed successively by bottom three grades of BAFs, sewage, after filtering the first perforated plate, is discharged again through outlet pipe;
Two grades of BAFs are additionally provided with the second backwash distribution device, the second backwash water inlet pipe and the second backwash water inlet water-distributing device, compression air is entered two grades of BAFs by the second backwash distribution device, after clear water is then entered two grades of BAFs by the second backwash water inlet pipe by backwash water inlet water-distributing device, flow out again through backwash outlet pipe, rinse produced mud and discharged by the second backwash discharge pipeline;
From top to bottom being sequentially provided with the 3rd aerator and the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline bottom three grades of BAFs, the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline is arranged in the first rubble supporting layer;
Three grades of BAFs are additionally provided with the 3rd backwash distribution device, the 3rd backwash water inlet pipe and the 3rd backwash water inlet water-distributing device, compression air is entered three grades of BAFs by the 3rd backwash distribution device, after clear water then enters three grades of BAFs by the 3rd backwash water inlet pipe via the 3rd backwash water inlet water-distributing device, flow out again through outlet pipe, rinse produced mud and discharged by the 3rd backwash discharge pipeline;
Wherein, being provided with the center filter post of floating stuffing in described primary BAF, described floating stuffing is mixed acquisition by activated carbon and polrvinyl chloride; Two grades of BAFs and three grades of BAFs all load the filler through sodium citrate modified zeolite composition.
2. a kind of combined type multi-stage aeration biological filter tank according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the diameter of described primary BAF and can-like filter tank body ratio is for 1:2.
3. a kind of combined type multi-stage aeration biological filter tank according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described floating stuffing is to be the activated carbon of 5-7mm by particle diameter and polrvinyl chloride 3:7 by volume mixes.
4. a kind of combined type multi-stage aeration biological filter tank according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of described filler is 1-3mm.
5. according to a kind of combined type multi-stage aeration biological filter tank one of claim 1-4 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that described first water inlet water-distributing device, the second water inlet water-distributing device and backwash water inlet water-distributing device are nozzle-type water-distributing device.
6. a kind of combined type multi-stage aeration biological filter tank according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described first rubble supporting layer and the second rubble supporting layer all adopt the rubble of particle diameter 4-6cm, and ballast grain sizes tapers into from bottom to top.
7. one kind based on the sewage treatment process in combined type multi-stage aeration biological filter tank described in claim 1, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
A) by pending domestic sewage in rural areas by water inlet pipe through first intake water-distributing device even into primary BAF after, upwards drive in the wrong direction through floating stuffing simultaneously aeration, two grades of BAFs are entered by downflow weir and check-valves, run still further below to filtering ponds, outlet pipe discharge;
Wherein, in primary BAF, dissolved oxygen concentration is 3-5mg/L, and two grades of BAF dissolved oxygen concentrations are 0.6-1mg/L, and three grades of BAF dissolved oxygen are 2-4mg/L, and sewage residence time in the body of can-like filter tank is 30-45min;
B) every 5-10 days, primary BAF is carried out backwash, namely first passed into compression air by the first backwash distribution device to primary BAF, carry out air purge; Being passed into clear water by the first water inlet water-distributing device to primary BAF by the first backwash water inlet pipe again to wash, clear water is flowed out by backwash outlet pipe, and the mud that washing produces is then by the first backwash discharge pipeline discharge;
C) every 20-40 days, two grades of BAFs are carried out backwash, namely first passed into compression air by the second backwash distribution device to two grades of BAFs, carry out air purge; Being passed into clear water by backwash water inlet water-distributing device to two grades of BAFs by the second backwash water inlet pipe again to wash, clear water is flowed out by backwash outlet pipe, and the mud that washing produces then is discharged by the second backwash discharge pipeline;
D) every 30-60 days, three grades of BAFs are carried out backwash, namely first passed into compression air by the 3rd backwash distribution device to three grades of BAFs, carry out air purge; Being passed into clear water by backwash water inlet water-distributing device to two grades of BAFs by the 3rd backwash water inlet pipe again to wash, clear water is flowed out by backwash outlet pipe, and the mud that washing produces then is discharged by the second backwash discharge pipeline.
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| CN109205789A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-15 | 中石化炼化工程（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of biological aerated filter sewage-treatment plant and sewage disposal system |
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