A kind of step needle roller bearing without inner ring press-loading apparatus
Technical field
The invention belongs to crankshaft rear end bearing press mounting technical field, more particularly to a kind of step needle roller bearing without inner ring pressure
Assembling device.
Background technology
In the assembling process of the engine crankshaft component of many models, crankshaft rear end often may require that setting-in bearing, dress
It is to open up bearing hole in crankshaft rear end with mode, then enters bearing press mounting in bearing hole.Wherein, step is without inner ring needle roller axle
Hold, be that a kind of bearing hole of and crankshaft rear end conventional at present carries out a kind of bearing of press-fit.Step is without inner ring needle roller
Bearing, is a kind of deformation of needle roller bearing without inner ring, with path section (extension) and big footpath section (bearing body), path section master
It is used to carry out end face cooperation, positioning with bearing hole, needle roller is then interior mounted in big footpath section, without bearing inner race.With without inner ring needle roller
The axle of bearing fit can be directly loadable into brearing bore, be operable directly with needle roller CONTACT WITH FRICTION.In bearing press mounting
When, step needle roller bearing without inner ring can be pressed into bearing hole, path by path section against the bearing hole opened up on crankshaft rear end
The end face of section and the bottom hole of bearing hole are engaged, and big footpath section (bearing outer ring) is then interference fitted with bearing hole, completes assembling.No
Cross, at present during step needle roller bearing without inner ring is press fit into crankshaft rear end bearing hole, because bent axle volume is larger,
Positioning and bearing press mounting inconvenience after bent axle is erected, therefore be typically only capable to carry out horizontal assembling, in assembling, bearing pair
In (centering) difficulty it is larger, bearing outer ring is in the moment contacted with bearing hole, it is possible to the situation that center line is not lined up occur, and
During press-fiting, due to the uncertainty of force direction, bearing hole hole wall, bearing outer ring outer wall can not be accomplished definitely flat in addition
The factor such as sliding, easily allows bearing unilateral inclination occur, causes to press-fit difficulty increase, if inclination is excessive, or even can be difficult to complete dress
Match somebody with somebody.But, and due to treat pressing bearing do not have inner ring, therefore, by stretched into brearing bore rigid locating rod in
Mode can not just be used, because, if stretching into rigid locating rod in brearing bore, during in, rigidity is fixed
Position bar can disorderly to needle roller apply radially, axially and other multiple directions power, easily cause to be originally designed to be to be solely subjected to
The needle roller of radial load is damaged.To sum up sayed, at present when press-fiting step needle roller bearing without inner ring, bearing hole can only be relied on substantially
Coordinating certainly between bearing, in terms of the ability during centering ability and maintenance press-fit to middle effect, still there is many
Shortcoming.
China Patent Publication No. CN203227987U, discloses a kind of bearing press, and it includes fixed support, one
Individual electronics press, a upper pressure component and one push component, the electronics press, on this pressure component and this push component and be respectively provided with
In on the fixed support, pressure component includes on one first seaming chuck and one and the second of the first seaming chuck different-diameter on this
Pressure head, this, which pushes component, includes a push-down head, and the electronics press is used for by compressing first seaming chuck by the clutch shaft bearing
Press-fit in the groove of the side of the case, the electronics press is used to press-fit the second bearing by compressing second seaming chuck
In in the groove of the opposite side of the case.By setting the seaming chuck of two kinds of different-diameters, the bearing press can be by two kinds
The bearing press mounting of different-diameter is in the case of power takeoff.The utility model is disadvantageous in that, if for without inner ring needle roller axle
That holds press-fits, although can realize assembling, but the regulation centering ability in centering (centering) ability before assembly, assembling process etc.
Aspect, all not enough, bearing is easily tilted, and easily can not complete to press-fit because of bearing overbank.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of prior art, and provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, effectively step can will be showed
Needle roller bearing without inner ring press-fits to the bearing hole of crankshaft rear end, and centering and adaptability regulation can be carried out when press-fiting, was press-fited
The good press-loading apparatus of bearing centering after the completion of Cheng Wending, assembling.
To achieve these goals, the present invention uses following technical scheme:
A kind of step needle roller bearing without inner ring press-loading apparatus, including bearing press mounting pedestal, power electric cylinders, described bearing
Press-fiting pedestal includes force-transmitting seat, bearing push rod, and bearing push rod is the rear end of bearing push rod close to one end of power electric cylinders, described
Force-transmitting seat is connected on the rear end of bearing push rod, and power electric cylinders have to be arranged with and bearing on piston rod, described bearing push rod
The outside fix set that push rod is slidably connected, described outside fix is put provided with some adaptive location holes group, an adaptive location
Hole group includes two positioning holes that side wall is covered through outside fix, and described positioning hole is provided with non-movable piston, described fixed column
The contact pearl for contacting needle bearing outer ring by adjusting spring connection one to be used for is filled in, is set between described force-transmitting seat and outside fix set
There are outer spring, outer spring one end connection force-transmitting seat, outer spring other end connection outside fix set.
Preferably, the stretching direction of piston rod is towards force-transmitting seat, described outside fix puts provided with coordinating endoporus, preset
Endoporus, described cooperation endoporus, preset female coaxial and connection, described bearing push rod is stretched into cooperation endoporus, and described is pre-
Put the inwall of endoporus and the end face of bearing push rod front end and surround two in bearing presetting slot, an adaptive location hole group jointly
Positioning hole is coaxial, and described contact pearl diameter is adapted to adaptive location hole aperture.
Preferably, also including a pusher head, the piston rod of described power electric cylinders connects pusher head, described force-transmitting seat
Towards one end of power electric cylinders provided with connection slotted eye, described pusher head is stretched into connection slotted eye and is connected with force-transmitting seat.
Preferably, described outside fix is put provided with contact location edge, described contact location edge dorsad force-transmitting seat one
The surface of side is plane.
Preferably, described outside fix is put provided with an internal chute, described outside fix is put can be sliding inside provided with one
The regulation mobile jib slided in groove, axis and, tune vertical with the axis that outside fix covers that described regulation mobile jib covers through outside fix
Section mobile jib two ends are in outside outside fix set, and two self-regulation portions are respectively arranged on regulation mobile jib two ends, described self-regulation portion
Including outer tranverse connecting rod, the vertical connecting rod of the outer tranverse connecting rod of connection, the horizontal round bar of self-regulation being connected on vertical connecting rod, it is under the jurisdiction of two self-regulateds
Two horizontal equal levels of round bar of self-regulation in section portion, two horizontal round bars of self-regulation are mutually symmetrical with, and symmetrical centre is the axle that outside fix covers
Vertical distance between line, two horizontal round bars of self-regulation is consistent with the external diameter that bent axle upper bearing (metal) assembles end, on described regulation mobile jib
It is mutually relative centered on the axis of positioning sleeve beyond two outer ring gag lever posts provided with two outer ring being in internal chute gag lever posts
Claim, the outer end of outer ring gag lever post is stretched out outside internal chute and with treating that the madial wall of pressing bearing outer ring is contacted, and described vertical connecting rod is worn
Cross contact location edge and be slidably connected with contacting location edge, the described horizontal round bar of self-regulation is in the model that contact location edge is surrounded
Within enclosing.
Preferably, described outer ring gag lever post level, the outer end of described outer ring gag lever post, which is provided with, to be used to contact to wait to press
Fill the block rubber of bearing needle.
Preferably, described outer ring gag lever post is slidably connected with regulation mobile jib, glide direction level, described outer ring limit
The inner connection outside fix set of position bar.
Preferably, described outside fix is put provided with cylindrical hole, it is provided through treating pressing bearing on described cylindrical hole
A diameter of under the grease sponge column of centre bore, described grease sponge column nature treats to align needle roller in pressing bearing
The 105% to 120% of spacing, the length of described grease sponge column is treat needle roller length in Fitted Axles 1.2 to 1.5 times,
Reinforcing bar trestle is provided with described grease sponge column.
Preferably, described outside fix is put provided with cross spacing groove, described cross spacing groove is interior to be provided with spacing spiral shell
Nail, described stop screw connection bearing push rod, described bearing push rod is provided with rear end block, and described rear end block is in
Between force-transmitting seat and outside fix set, described rear end block contact outside fix set.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Effectively existing step needle roller bearing without inner ring can be press-fited to the bearing of crankshaft rear end
Kong Shang, has and centering function before press-fiting, has auxiliary stopper when press-fiting, and can maintain Shaft alignment state, press-fits process stabilization, axle
Hold and be difficult to tilt, after the completion of press-fiting, while also completing for the first time plus applying lubricating oil, function degree of integration is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 partial enlarged drawing;
Fig. 3 is the top view at bearing push rod of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the side view at bearing push rod of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation at present invention cooperation endoporus;
Fig. 6 is step needle roller bearing without inner ring structural representation;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation at non-movable piston of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of axle embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is Fig. 8 partial enlarged drawing;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of axle embodiment 3 of the present invention;
Figure 11 is Figure 10 partial enlarged drawing.
In figure:Power electric cylinders 1, force-transmitting seat 2, bearing push rod 3, outside fix set 4, cooperation endoporus 5, preset endoporus 6, positioning hole
7th, non-movable piston 8, regulation spring 9, contact pearl 10, outer spring 11, pusher head 12, contact location edge 13, the big axle journal 14 of bent axle, outer
Disc 15, step needle roller bearing without inner ring 16, big footpath section 17, path section 18, internal chute 19, regulation mobile jib 20, outer tranverse connecting rod
21st, vertical connecting rod 22, the horizontal round bar 23 that is self-regulated, outer ring gag lever post 24, cylindrical hole 26, grease sponge column 27, reinforcing bar trestle 28, horizontal stroke
To stopper slot 29, stop screw 30, bearing hole 31, bearing assembling end 32.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Embodiment 1:As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, a kind of step is without inner ring
Needle bearing press-loading apparatus, including bearing press mounting pedestal, power electric cylinders 1, described bearing press mounting pedestal include force-transmitting seat 2, axle
Push rod 3 is held, bearing push rod 3 is the rear end of bearing push rod 3 close to one end of power electric cylinders 1, and described force-transmitting seat 2 is connected to bearing
On the rear end of push rod 3, power electric cylinders 1 have a piston rod, and the stretching direction of piston rod is towards force-transmitting seat 2, described bearing push rod 3
On be arranged with and be slidably connected with bearing push rod 3 and coaxial outside fix set 4, described outside fix set 4 provided with coordinate endoporus 5,
Preset endoporus 6, described cooperation endoporus 5, preset endoporus 6 be coaxial and connection, and described bearing push rod 3 is stretched into cooperation endoporus 5,
The inwall of described preset endoporus 6 surrounds bearing presetting slot, described outside fix set 4 jointly with the end face of the front end of bearing push rod 3
Some adaptive location holes group is provided with, an adaptive location hole group includes two positioning holes that 4 side walls are covered through outside fix
7, two positioning holes 7 in an adaptive location hole group are coaxial, and described positioning hole 7 is provided with non-movable piston 8, and described consolidates
Fixed column plug 8 is used to contacting the contact pearl 10 of needle bearing outer ring by adjusting the connection of spring 9 one, the described diameter of contact pearl 10 with
The aperture of positioning hole 7 is adapted to, and an outer spring 11 being enclosed on bearing push rod 3 is provided between described force-transmitting seat 2 and outside fix set 4,
The described one end of outer spring 11 connection force-transmitting seat 2, the other end of outer spring 11 connection outside fix set 4.
Also include a pusher head 12, the piston rod of described power electric cylinders 1 connects pusher head 12, the described court of force-transmitting seat 2
To one end of power electric cylinders 1 provided with connection slotted eye, described pusher head 12 is stretched into connection slotted eye and is connected with force-transmitting seat 2.It is dynamic
Power electric cylinders 1 are stably connected with force-transmitting seat 2, and force direction is stable during press-fiting, the fluctuation that exerts a force is small, can improve during press-fiting
Centering effect.
Described outside fix set 4 is provided with contact location edge 13, the described contact location edge 13 dorsad side of force-transmitting seat 2
Surface is plane.Contact location edge 13 can be contacted with the periphery 15 of the big axle journal of bent axle 14, carry out coarse positioning, improve pre-determined bit effect
Really, and pass through contact, it is to avoid outside fix cover 4 movement in the course of the work, improve stability.
When needing to carry out when press-fiting of step needle roller bearing without inner ring 16, by step needle roller bearing without inner ring to be press-fited
With big footpath section 17 inwardly, the direction of path section 18 outwardly insert bearing presetting slot, now treat the big footpath section 17 in outer ring of pressing bearing
Lateral surface is pushed down by each contact pearl 10, and regulation spring 9 is in compressive state all the time.Bent axle level is fixed, now crankshaft rear end
Bearing hole 31 alignd substantially with step needle roller bearing without inner ring 16 basic pre-align, do not ensure to neutralizing the accurate of centering
Property.Can now start power electric cylinders 1, drive bearing push rod 3, outside fix set 4 towards bent axle movement, treat pressing bearing also begin to
Bearing hole 31 to move, the contact location edge 13 on outside fix set 4 takes the lead in contacting with the periphery 15 of the big axle journal of bent axle 14, then
Path section 18 is introduced into bearing hole 31, and now the madial wall of bearing hole 31, which is not contacted, treats pressing bearing, then big 17 outer rings of footpath section
Start after reaching that bearing hole 31, bearing hole 31 are contacted with big footpath section 17, big footpath section 17 starts to be forced movement to adapt to bearing hole 31,
In moving process, because the compression with each contact pearl 10 is spacing, even if big footpath section 17 has inclination, it can also be restricted, from
And the pre-pair before coordinating more can be effectively realized, then, under the stable promotion of power electric cylinders 1, treat that pressing bearing is held
Continuous to be pressed into bearing hole 31, during secondary, whether size or direction be all for the power that power electric cylinders 1 are provided by force-transmitting seat 2
It is relatively stable, part-time each contact pearl 10 can carry out Limit Bearing from least two directions always, so by pressing bearing
Will not occur larger inclination.
Embodiment 2:The basic structure and embodiment be the same as Example 1 of the present embodiment, its difference is, referring to Fig. 8,
Fig. 9, Fig. 4, described outside fix set 4 are provided with an internal chute 19, and described outside fix set 4 can be in internal chute 19 provided with one
The regulation mobile jib 20 of slip, described regulation mobile jib 20 passes through the axis of outside fix set 4 and vertical with the axis that outside fix covers 4,
Regulation mobile jib 20 two ends are in outside outside fix set 4, and two self-regulation portions are respectively arranged on regulation mobile jib 20 two ends, it is described from
Adjustment portion includes outer tranverse connecting rod 21, the vertical connecting rod 22 of the outer tranverse connecting rod 21 of connection, the horizontal round bar of self-regulation being connected on vertical connecting rod 22
23, it is under the jurisdiction of two self-regulation equal levels of horizontal round bar 23 in two self-regulation portions, two horizontal round bars 23 of self-regulation are mutually symmetrical with, right
Center is called that the vertical distance between the axis of outside fix set 4, two horizontal round bars 23 of self-regulation assembles end 32 with bent axle upper bearing (metal)
External diameter is consistent, and described regulation mobile jib 20 is provided with two outer ring gag lever posts 24 being in internal chute 19, and two outer rings are spacing
Mutually symmetrical with centered on the axis of positioning sleeve 4 beyond bar 24, the outer end of outer ring gag lever post 24 is stretched out outside internal chute 19 and with waiting to press
The madial wall contact of bearing outer ring is filled, described vertical connecting rod 22 through contact location edge 13 and slides company with contacting location edge 13
Connect, the horizontal round bar 23 of described self-regulation be in contact location edge 13 surrounded within the scope of.
Step needle roller bearing without inner ring 16 is not only lateral surface and pressed by each contact pearl 10 after bearing presetting slot is inserted
Firmly, the madial wall of its outer ring also contacts outer ring gag lever post 24, because outer ring gag lever post 24 has two, and two outer ring gag lever posts 24
It is on a vertical plane, and it is mutually symmetrical with centered on the axis of positioning sleeve 4 in addition if it is necessary, the number of outer ring gag lever post 24
Can be with more, therefore outer ring gag lever post 24 can be used for carrying out pre-determined bit to bearing outer ring big footpath section 17, and it is moved up and down
It can drive and treat that pressing bearing is moved.
As sayed in background technology, due to treating that pressing bearing is step needle roller bearing without inner ring 16, so by
The centering mode of rigid locating rod is stretched into brearing bore can not just use, this also means that treating that pressing bearing is entering bearing hole
Before 31, pre- centering truly is not carried out.And in the scheme of the present embodiment, the contact on outer positioning sleeve 4 is determined
Position edge 13 takes the lead in after being contacted with the periphery 15 of the big axle journal of bent axle 14, before big footpath section 17 enters bearing hole 31, two self-regulateds
Saving horizontal round bar 23 can first reach that bent axle upper bearing (metal) assembles the cylindrical place at end 3232.Bent axle upper bearing (metal) assembling the cylindrical of end 32 is bent axle
The structure of itself, is all coaxial with bent axle, this is just to we provide one as the bearing hole 31 for being opened in crankshaft rear end
Individual good centering centering basis, as long as we ensure to treat that pressing bearing assembles the cylindrical coaxial of end 32 with bent axle upper bearing (metal), then
Treat that pressing bearing is naturally also just coaxial with bearing hole 31.In the course of the work, two horizontal engagement shafts of round bar 23 of self-regulation take up
It is cylindrical before the section inwall of 17 engagement shaft bearing bore 31 of big footpath with end 32, when the horizontal contact bearing of the round bar 23 assembling end 32 of two self-regulations
When, start to be self-regulated for the first time, upwardly or downwardly slide, so that the cylindrical lucky energy in bearing assembling end 32 enters two self-regulations
Vertical distance between horizontal round bar 23 between two horizontal round bars 23 of self-regulation is consistent with the external diameter that bent axle upper bearing (metal) assembles end 32.At this
During individual first time self-regulation, the horizontal round bar 23 that is self-regulated upwardly or downwardly has slided certain distance, has also driven regulation
Mobile jib 20 has slided same distance, and adjusts mobile jib 20 and then drive outer ring gag lever post 24 also upwardly or downwardly to slide equally
Distance, in this way, then outer ring gag lever post 24 also drives and treats that pressing bearing has upwardly or downwardly slided same distance.Now, it is just complete
Into the pre- centering for treating pressing bearing, big footpath section 17 can be caused just to have been alignd before bearing hole 31 is entered with bearing hole 31
, it is to avoid subsequent unnecessary contact is with colliding with so that big footpath section 17 can more smoothly, stably enter bearing hole 31.
The described level of outer ring gag lever post 24, the outer end of described outer ring gag lever post 24 is provided with treats pressing bearing for contact
The block rubber of needle roller.Block rubber can improve outer ring gag lever post 24 and treat the contact of pressing bearing, while will not damage rolling again
Pin.
Described outside fix set 4, which is provided with cylindrical hole 26, described cylindrical hole 26, to be provided through treating pressing bearing center
A diameter of under the grease sponge column 27 in hole, the described nature of grease sponge column 27 treats to align needle roller in pressing bearing
The 105% to 120% of spacing, the length of described grease sponge column 27 is treat needle roller length in Fitted Axles 1.2 to 1.5
Times, reinforcing bar trestle 28 is provided with described grease sponge column 27.In general, bearing batch lubrication can be complete by machine
Into more laborsaving and quick.But the step needle roller bearing without inner ring 16 in the present invention, if first passing through machine coating lubricating oil
Fat, is then being press fit into the bearing hole 31 of crankshaft rear end, lubricant grease is easily reached in other structures during press-fiting, and is caused
Follow-up cleaning inconvenience.And apply lubricant grease again after the completion of bearing press mounting, then it can only carry out manually, it is comparatively time-consuming to take
Power.And have grease sponge column 27, then when pressing bearing inserts bearing presetting slot, grease sponge column 27 has been inserted into
Brearing bore, touches bearing inner race and each needle roller.Grease sponge column 27 has adsorbed lubricant grease in advance, when
Bearing press mounting is completed, after the present invention departs from bearing, the pre-coating of lubricating oil is also completed in passing, the painting first after eliminating
Lubricating oil is operated.It is additionally, since in grease sponge column 27 and is provided with reinforcing bar trestle 28, so grease sponge also has necessarily
Feel relieved booster action, contact pearl 10, the regulation structure of spring 9 can be coordinated to realize the fine setting of bearing together and spacing.
Described outside fix set 4, which is provided with cross spacing groove 29, described cross spacing groove 29, is provided with stop screw 30,
The described connection bearing push rod 3 of stop screw 30, described bearing push rod 3 is provided with rear end block, described rear end block
Between force-transmitting seat 2 and outside fix set 4, described rear end block contact outside fix set 4.Pass through stopper slot, stop screw 30 etc.
The spacing of sliding distance is carried out, prevents that unidirectional relative sliding distance is excessive between bearing push rod 3 and outside fix set 4.
Embodiment 3:The basic structure and embodiment be the same as Example 2 of the present embodiment, its difference is, such as Figure 10,
Shown in Figure 11, described outer ring gag lever post 24 is slidably connected with regulation mobile jib 20, and glide direction level, described outer ring is spacing
The inner connection outside fix set 4 of bar 24.Outer ring gag lever post 24 is slidably connected with regulation mobile jib 20, then ensure that outer ring gag lever post 24
It can be moved together towards bearing hole 31 with pressing bearing is treated, during big footpath section 17 press-fits assembling with bearing hole 31,
The still moment of outer ring gag lever post 24 to treat that pressing bearing provides aligning alignment function, when when pressing bearing has slope trend,
Outer ring gag lever post 24 blocks at the angle of inclination for treating pressing bearing completely, has fully ensured that and has treated that pressing bearing is entirely press-fiting process
In horizontality, furthermore completed before press-fiting centering, therefore, bearing can not only smoothly press-fit completion, and after the completion of press-fiting
Axiality is good.