CN105665747A - Preparation method of oily nano silver particles - Google Patents
Preparation method of oily nano silver particles Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of oily nano silver particles. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution with the concentration of 0.01-1.00 mol/L, stirring and dissolving at a temperature of 20-60 DEG C; preparing an organic amine alcohol solution with the concentration of 0.01-10.00 mol/L, stirring and dissolving at a temperature of 20-60 DEG C; mixing the two solutions prepared in the steps, stirring for reaction for 30-120 minutes at a temperature of 20-60 DEG C, wherein the molar ratio of silver nitrate to organic amine is 1:(0.5-10) after the two solutions are mixed; then raising the temperature to 60-120 DEG C, completely volatilizing alcohol to obtain a white or light yellow viscous substance and obtaining the different oily nano silver particles through different technological paths by utilizing the white or light yellow viscous substance. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple to prepare and reliable in quality and can extend the particle size of each oily nano silver particle to 5-100 nm and adapt to different production demands. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is widely applied to preparation of oily nano silver particles.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical field, the preparation method being specifically related to a kind of oiliness nano silver particles, particularly relate to and a kind of form the method that mean diameter is about the oiliness nano silver particles of 5-30nm.
Background technology
Nanoparticle generally refers to the particle diameter particle at 1-100nm, is in the transitional region that cluster and macro object have a common boundary, and is a kind of typical mesoscopic systems, has special skin effect, small-size effect and macro quanta tunnel effect. After macro object is subdivided into nanoparticle, the character of its optics, calorifics, electricity, magnetics, mechanics and chemistry aspect will have significant change, can be widely applied to the various fields such as electronics, medicine, chemical industry, military affairs, Aero-Space.
Nano silver particles has the optics of uniqueness, performance that electricity is relevant with quantum size, is therefore widely used in the fields such as electronics, optics, display, sensing, the energy.
The current preparation method of nano silver particles mainly has vapour deposition, mechanical lapping and electronation three paths. Vapour deposition process is melted for raw material evaporation or reaction to be decomposed by high density energy sources such as heat, electron beam, laser beams, then makes it condense formation nano-powder. Micro-powder is generally pulverized for nanometer grade powder by mechanical milling method in the mode of high-energy ball milling. Chemical reduction method is by the solution of various metallics, is reduced into metal nanoparticle with reducing agent.
The method of above-mentioned acquisition nano silver particles, the nano silver particles size dispersion that vapour deposition process obtains big (generally up to 1-200nm), easily assembles, and to prepare stable dispersion liquid be a challenge greatly for follow-up; Nano silver particles that mechanical milling method obtains (generally > 100nm) larger in size, easily assemble, be not suitable for preparation nanometer ink; Chemical reduction method can obtain in size 1-100nm and the nano silver particles of uniform particle diameter, and the main preparation methods of feature the becomes current nano silver particles such as its equipment is simple, easy to operate.But most chemical methods need to introduce more chemical reagent, have that production cost is higher, Organic substance in system is difficult to remove, be likely to be of the problems such as certain environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a kind of unconventional preparation method containing particle diameter 5-10nm oiliness nano silver particles (can be extended to produce the nanoparticle of particle diameter 10-100nm), the method preparation is simple, being beneficial to large-scale industrial production, the present invention has following steps:
1) silver nitrate (AgNO of compound concentration 0.01 1.00mol/L3) alcoholic solution, stirring and dissolving at 20-60 DEG C;
2) the organic amine alcoholic solution of compound concentration 0.01-10.00mol/L, stirring and dissolving at 20-60 DEG C;
3) the two kinds of solution mixing prepared by above-mentioned steps, stirring reaction 30-120min at 20-60 DEG C, after two kinds of solution mixing, silver nitrate is 1:0.5-10 with the mol ratio of organic amine;
4) be then warmed up to 60-120 DEG C, by alcohol volatilization completely white or faint yellow thick liquid matter.
Above-mentioned alcoholic solvent is methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol; Above-mentioned organic amine is the chain alkyl amine of carbon chain lengths 8-30.
Especially, after the above step, it is possible to have several concrete preparation method path.
One, continues heating to 150-300 DEG C by above-mentioned white or faint yellow thick liquid matter, keeps 5-60 minute, obtain black-and-blue oily solution; After cooling, adding the precipitant of 1-10 times of volume, stir 5-15min, namely sucking filtration obtains hyacinthine nano silver particles solid. Wherein, described precipitant is one or more mixture in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone.
Its two, above-mentioned white or faint yellow thick liquid matter evacuation under room temperature is dried, obtains yellow-white material; Above-mentioned yellow-white product is added in the high-boiling point alcohols such as ethylene glycol, glycerol, low molecular poly, form concentration 0.10-30.0wt% solution 20-60 DEG C of stirring; Being added drop-wise in non-polar solven by above-mentioned solution, volume ratio is 1:0.1-1:10, and at 20-120 DEG C, namely static for above-mentioned reaction system 10-60min is layered by stirring reaction 10-120min, and upper strata is oil phase, and lower floor is high boiling point alcohol phase; After obtaining oil phase, add the precipitant of 1-10 times of volume, stir 5-10min, filter and namely obtain bluish violet nano silver particles solid. Wherein, described non-polar solven is toluene, benzene, hexamethylene, normal hexane, cycloheptane, normal heptane.
Its three, above-mentioned white or faint yellow thick liquid matter evacuation under room temperature is dried, obtains yellow-white material; Weighing this yellow-white material a certain amount of, under stirring, add a certain amount of nonpolar or low polar solvent, heating, to 30-80 DEG C, keeps 30min, and the mass fraction of yellow substance is 1%-10%; Preparation 1%-10% reducing agent aqueous solution, and take the half of above-mentioned liquor capacity, at 20-80 DEG C, dropwise add to above-mentioned solution, after 0.5-5h, be placed in separatory funnel layering, and release lower aqueous solution, obtain black-and-blue solution; Adding the precipitant of 1-10 times of volume, stir 5-15min, namely sucking filtration obtains hyacinthine nano silver particles solid. Wherein, described reducing agent is the compound of hydrazine or hydrazine, sodium borohydride, hexamethylenetetramine.
Due to technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: equipment is simple, operating process is convenient, and production cost is not high, Organic substance in system is able to basic removal, does not have the problems such as environmental pollution, and oiliness nano silver particles can be extended to particle diameter 5-100nm, adapt to different Production requirements.
Due to above-mentioned beneficial effect, the present invention is widely used in the preparation method of oiliness nano silver particles.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1:
1) AgNO of compound concentration 0.05mol/L3Methanol solution, stirring and dissolving under room temperature;
2) the lauryl amine methanol solution of compound concentration 0.2mol/L, stirring and dissolving under room temperature;
3) above two solution is mixed, and at room temperature react 2h, AgNO after two kinds of solution mixing3It is 1:2 with the mol ratio of lauryl amine;
4) being then warmed up to 40 DEG C, volatilize all methanol, obtains white thick liquid;
5) continue heating to 200 DEG C, keep 20 minutes, obtain black-and-blue oily liquids;
6) adding isopyknic methanol extraction nano silver particles, namely sucking filtration obtains hyacinthine nano silver particles solid.
Embodiment 2:
1) AgNO of compound concentration 0.5mol/L3Alcoholic solution, stirring and dissolving at 40 DEG C;
2) the 18-amine. alcoholic solution of compound concentration 1mol/L, stirring and dissolving at 40 DEG C;
3) above two solution is mixed, and at 40 DEG C, react 1h, AgNO after two kinds of solution mixing3It is 1:3 with the mol ratio of 18-amine.;
4) evacuation removes ethanol, obtains white or faint yellow thick liquid;
5) continue heating to 250 DEG C, keep 30 minutes, obtain black-and-blue oily liquids;
6) adding the acetone precipitation nano silver particles of 3 times of volumes, namely sucking filtration obtains hyacinthine nano silver particles solid.
Above-mentioned two embodiment, namely embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 are being expanded on further of the concrete preparation method path for " one ".
Embodiment 3:
1) AgNO of compound concentration 0.05mol/L3Methanol solution, stirring and dissolving under room temperature;
2) the lauryl amine methanol solution of compound concentration 0.2mol/L, stirring and dissolving under room temperature;
3) above two solution is mixed, and at room temperature react 2h, AgNO after two kinds of solution mixing3It is 1:2 with the mol ratio of lauryl amine;
4) being then warmed up to 40 DEG C, volatilize all methanol, obtains white thick liquid; Under room temperature, evacuation dries, and obtains yellow-white material;
5) above-mentioned yellow-white product is joined in ethylene glycol, form concentration 10.0wt% solution 20 DEG C of stirrings;
6) above-mentioned solution is added drop-wise in hexamethylene, volume ratio 1:0.5, stirring reaction 60min at 50 DEG C;
7) being namely layered by static for above-mentioned reaction system 10min, upper strata is the hexamethylene phase of silver nanoparticle-containing, and lower floor is ethylene glycol phase;
8) after obtaining oil phase, add the methanol of 3 times of volumes, stir 5-10min, filter and namely obtain bluish violet solid.
Embodiment 4:
1) AgNO of compound concentration 0.5mol/L3Alcoholic solution, stirring and dissolving at 40 DEG C;
2) the 18-amine. alcoholic solution of compound concentration 1mol/L, stirring and dissolving at 40 DEG C;
3) above two solution is mixed, and at 40 DEG C, react 1h, AgNO after two kinds of solution mixing3It is 1:3 with the mol ratio of 18-amine.;
4) evacuation removes ethanol, obtains white or faint yellow thick liquid; Under room temperature, evacuation dries, and obtains yellow-white material;
5) above-mentioned yellow-white product is joined in PEG-4000, form concentration 20.0wt% solution 60 DEG C of stirrings;
6) above-mentioned solution is added drop-wise in toluene, volume ratio 1:1, stirring reaction 60min at 80 DEG C.
7) being namely layered by static for above-mentioned reaction system 10min, upper strata is the toluene phase of silver nanoparticle-containing, and lower floor is Polyethylene Glycol phase.
8) after obtaining oil phase, add the acetone of 3 times of volumes, stir 5-10min, filter and namely obtain bluish violet solid.
Above-mentioned two embodiment, namely embodiment 3 and embodiment 4 are being expanded on further of the concrete preparation method path for " its two ".
Embodiment 5:
1) AgNO of compound concentration 0.5mol/L3Alcoholic solution, stirring and dissolving at 40 DEG C;
2) the 18-amine. alcoholic solution of compound concentration 1mol/L, stirring and dissolving at 40 DEG C;
3) above two solution is mixed, and at 40 DEG C, react 1h, AgNO after two kinds of solution mixing3It is 1:3 with the mol ratio of 18-amine.;
4) evacuation removes ethanol, obtains white or faint yellow thick liquid;
5) weighing this yellow-white material of 1.75g, under stirring, add 40mL toluene, heating is to 32 DEG C, keeping 30min;
6) prepare 2% hydrazine aqueous solution, and take 20mL, at 40 DEG C, dropwise add to above-mentioned solution, after 1h, be placed in separatory funnel layering, and release lower aqueous solution, obtain black-and-blue solution; Adding the precipitant of 8 times of volumes, stir 5-15min, namely sucking filtration obtains hyacinthine nano silver particles solid.
Embodiment 6:
1) AgNO of compound concentration 0.05mol/L3Methanol solution, stirring and dissolving under room temperature;
2) the lauryl amine methanol solution of compound concentration 0.2mol/L, stirring and dissolving under room temperature;
3) above two solution is mixed, and at room temperature react 2h, AgNO after two kinds of solution mixing3It is 1:2 with the mol ratio of lauryl amine;
4) being then warmed up to 40 DEG C, volatilize all methanol, obtains white thick liquid;
5) weighing this yellow-white material of 1.75g, under stirring, add 40mL toluene, heating is to 32 DEG C, keeping 30min;
6) prepare 2% sodium borohydride aqueous solution, and take 20mL, at 32 DEG C, dropwise add to above-mentioned solution, after 1h, be placed in separatory funnel layering, and release lower aqueous solution, obtain black-and-blue solution; Adding the precipitant of 8 times of volumes, stir 5-15min, namely sucking filtration obtains hyacinthine nano silver particles solid.
Above-mentioned two embodiment, namely embodiment 5 and embodiment 6 are being expanded on further of the concrete preparation method path for " its three ".
Claims (9)
1. a preparation method for oiliness nano silver particles, comprises the following steps:
1) silver nitrate (AgNO of compound concentration 0.01 1.00mol/L3) alcoholic solution, stirring and dissolving at 20-60 DEG C;
2) the organic amine alcoholic solution of compound concentration 0.01-10.00mol/L, stirring and dissolving at 20-60 DEG C;
3) the two kinds of solution mixing prepared by above-mentioned steps, stirring reaction 30-120min at 20-60 DEG C, after two kinds of solution mixing, silver nitrate is 1:0.5-10 with the mol ratio of organic amine;
4) be then warmed up to 60-120 DEG C, by alcohol volatilization completely white or faint yellow thick liquid matter.
2. the preparation method of a kind of oiliness nano silver particles according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: described white or faint yellow thick liquid matter to be continued heating to 150-300 DEG C, keeps 5-60 minute, obtain black-and-blue oily solution; After cooling, adding the precipitant of 1-10 times of volume, stir 5-15min, namely sucking filtration obtains hyacinthine nano silver particles solid.
3. the preparation method of a kind of oiliness nano silver particles according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: described white or faint yellow thick liquid matter evacuation under room temperature to be dried, obtains yellow-white material; Above-mentioned yellow-white product is added in the high-boiling point alcohols such as ethylene glycol, glycerol, low molecular poly, form concentration 0.10-30.0wt% solution 20-60 DEG C of stirring; Being added drop-wise in non-polar solven by above-mentioned solution, volume ratio is 1:0.1-1:10, and at 20-120 DEG C, namely static for above-mentioned reaction system 10-60min is layered by stirring reaction 10-120min, and upper strata is oil phase, and lower floor is high boiling point alcohol phase;After obtaining oil phase, add the precipitant of 1-10 times of volume, stir 5-10min, filter and namely obtain bluish violet nano silver particles solid.
4. the preparation method of a kind of oiliness nano silver particles according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: described white or faint yellow thick liquid matter evacuation under room temperature to be dried, obtains yellow-white material; Weighing this yellow-white material a certain amount of, under stirring, add a certain amount of nonpolar or low polar solvent, heating, to 30-80 DEG C, keeps 30min, and the mass fraction of yellow substance is 1%-10%; Preparation 1%-10% reducing agent aqueous solution, and take the half of above-mentioned liquor capacity, at 20-80 DEG C, dropwise add to above-mentioned solution, after 0.5-5h, be placed in separatory funnel layering, and release lower aqueous solution, obtain black-and-blue solution; Adding the precipitant of 1-10 times of volume, stir 5-15min, namely sucking filtration obtains hyacinthine nano silver particles solid.
5. the preparation method of a kind of oiliness nano silver particles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described alcoholic solvent is methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol.
6. the preparation method of a kind of oiliness nano silver particles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described organic amine is the chain alkyl amine of carbon chain lengths 8-30.
7. the preparation method of a kind of oiliness nano silver particles according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described precipitant is one or more mixture in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone.
8. the preparation method of a kind of oiliness nano silver particles according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described non-polar solven is toluene, benzene, hexamethylene, normal hexane, cycloheptane, normal heptane.
9. the preparation method of a kind of oiliness nano silver particles according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described reducing agent is the compound of hydrazine or hydrazine, sodium borohydride, hexamethylenetetramine.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN108161022A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-15 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of method that alkylamine prepares oil-soluble nano silver as complexing agent |
| CN108284232A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-17 | 上海应用技术大学 | A kind of preparation method of Nano silver grain |
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Application publication date: 20160615 |