CN105664682A - Method for deeply desulfurizing molten salt and recycling flue gas - Google Patents
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for deeply desulfurizing molten salt and recycling flue gas. The method includes that alkali metal carbonate or a mixture of the alkali metal carbonate and alkali metal sulfate is used as a molten salt absorption system; the low-concentration sulfur-containing flue gas exhausted from coal-fired power plants or gas-fired power plants or chemical plants or cement plants is absorbed; sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and carbon dioxide in the flue gas are synchronously absorbed and are converted into sulfur-doped nano-carbon in the molten salt absorption system by means of electrolysis within the temperature range of 350-900 DEG C. The method has the advantages that the carbon dioxide and the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas are simultaneously absorbed, the method also can be used as a one-step method for treating the flue gas and simultaneously deeply desulfurizing and decarburizing the molten salt, and the flue gas can be recycled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fused salt deep desulfuration and the method for reclamation utilization, belong to reduction of greenhouse gas discharge and fume treatment field, belong to field of charcoal material, also belong to electrochemical field.
Background technology
The 85% of current global energy requirements comes from the burning of fossil oil, there is a large amount of sulfurous gas and sulphur trioxide in the gas produced after combustion of fossil fuel, and this process also produces a large amount of carbonic acid gas simultaneously. Global climate has been created by these gases to be affected comparatively significantly, how to control these gas purgings and has become a very important global problem.
Sulfurous gas in flue gas and sulphur trioxide are carried out de-removing by existing ripe technique at present, sulfur dioxide concentration after heat-engine plant desulfurized has been carried out new regulation by GB13223-2011 " fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard ", but it is through the flue gas of current sulfur removal technology process, a bigger part is difficult to reach the requirement of new standard, the sulfurous gas of lower concentration does not process simultaneously, can constantly accumulate in the environment, the deterioration of aggravation environment, therefore, the research of flue gas deep desulfuration technology is extremely urgent.
Meanwhile, the great amount of carbon dioxide existed in flue gas is the major cause that Greenhouse effect produce, and the trapping of carbonic acid gas, stores and utilizes technology also extensively to be studied. In recent years, collecting carbonic anhydride and application technology as the second resource (CCUS) are more and more paid attention to, these technology are in water solution system, ion liquid system, by chemical conversion, photochemical transformation, biochemical conversion and electrochemical conversion, the resource that carbon dioxide conversion is useful, such as sugar, hydrocarbon polymer, high-purity carbon dust and the carbon monoxide etc. as fuel. In recent years, fused salt electrolysis chemical recycling of carbon dioxide is considered as a kind of effective carbonic acid gas and utilizes technology. Chinese patent CN102895847A reports a kind of CO2The method of trapping resource utilization, the method adopts Li2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3Titanium dioxide, as molten salt electrolyte, has been carried out absorption and has obtained the Nano grade carbon of high added value by triplex carbonate.
Above-mentioned desulfurization and decarburization technique, be and carry out separately, how to be absorbed by carbonic acid gas while deep desulfuration and utilizes, becomes a new challenge. CCUS technology in the aqueous solution or ionic liquid, the gas source adopted is pure carbon dioxide, do not consider the impact of sulfurous gas on chemical recycling of carbon dioxide of lower concentration in the flue gas after practical sulphur removal, such as, in part CCUS technology, chemical recycling of carbon dioxide can use catalyzer, and sulfurous gas may make these poisoning of catalyst.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of fused salt deep desulfuration and reclamation utilizes technology. While fused salt deep desulfuration, also can simultaneously stability carbonic acid gas, and be translated into the nano-sized carbon of sulfur doping, it is achieved that the recycling of flue gas.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of method that fused salt deep desulfuration and reclamation utilize, and it uses the mixture of alkaline carbonate or alkaline carbonate and alkali metal sulfates as fused salt absorption system; Absorb the lower concentration sulfur-containing smoke gas of coal-burning power plant, plant gas, chemical plant or cement mill discharge; While sulfurous gas in flue gas, sulphur trioxide and carbonic acid gas are synchronously absorbed, in fused salt absorption system, in the temperature range of 350-900 DEG C, by electrolysis, sulfurous gas, sulphur trioxide and carbon dioxide conversion are the nano-sized carbon of sulfur doping.
By such scheme, described alkaline carbonate is Li2CO3、Na2CO3And K2CO3In any one or multiple mixing; Described alkali metal sulfates is Li2SO4、Na2SO4And K2SO4In any one or multiple mixing.
By such scheme, described lower concentration sulfur-containing smoke gas is the flue gas after desulfurization, and the concentration of sulfurous gas in flue gas, sulphur trioxide and mixture thereof is at 0-300mg/m3Between.
By such scheme, described electrolysis adopts electrolyzer to be pressed between 2.8V-6V, and employing inert material is anode, taking metal or non-metallic material as negative electrode.
Anode of the present invention is any one in stannic oxide ceramic electrode, Graphite Electrodes and Ti electrode, gold electrode, platinum electrode, iridium electrode, palladium electrode and alloy electrode thereof; Described negative electrode is any one in Graphite Electrodes and nickel electrode, copper electrode, molybdenum electrode, Ti electrode, aluminium electrode, silver electrode, gold electrode, platinum electrode and alloy electrode thereof; The electrochemical reaction appts that described electrolysis adopts is divided into cathodic area and positive column, adopt totally-enclosed or semi-enclosed barrier film by cathodic area and positive column separately, the oxygen preventing positive column from producing diffuses to cathodic area, avoids sulfur doping carbon material that cathodic area obtains by secondary oxidation.
The reaction mechanism of the present invention: when apply certain voltage in above-mentioned carbonate fused salt time, carbonate decomposes, and generation simple substance carbon and metal oxide, with Li2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3(mol ratio Li2CO3:Na2CO3:K2CO3=43.5:31.5:25) Li of the different concns that adulterates2SO4Be example, introduce reaction mechanism as follows:
According to calculation of thermodynamics, triplex carbonate Li2CO3、Na2CO3、K2CO3In, the decomposition reaction first occurred is Li2CO3Decomposition.
Li2CO3=Li2O+C+O2(g)[1a]
When lead to into gas be pure carbon dioxide, containing Li in fused salt2SO4Time, C and the Li that reaction [1a] generates2SO4Reaction is occurred to generate the carbon of sulfur doping, the Li that reaction [1a] generates2O and carbon dioxide reaction generate Li2CO3To keep the stable of fused salt, reaction formula is as follows:
C+Li2SO4→C-S-C+S(g)+Li+Li2SO3[1b]
Li2O+CO2=Li2CO3[1c]
Containing the flue gas of a small amount of sulfurous gas and great amount of carbon dioxide after the gas led to is dust-removal and desulfurizing, in fused salt not containing sulfate time, the Li that reaction [1a] generates2O and carbonic acid gas react [1c] and generate Li2CO3To keep the stable of fused salt, the Li that reaction [1a] generates2O and O2With the SO in flue gas2React [1d] and generate Li2SO4, the Li that reaction [1d] generates2SO4Occurring the reaction of [1b] to generate the carbon of sulfur doping with C, reaction [1d] is as follows:
2Li2O+2SO2+O2=2Li2SO4[1d]
By the nano-sized carbon of the sulfur doping that the present invention obtains, can be used as the pollutent in ultracapacitor energy storage material, anode material for lithium-ion batteries, electrocatalysis material and active adsorption water body and in air.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention contains low-concentration sulfur dioxide and carbonic acid gas mixed flue gas after using desulfurization directly leads in fused salt, while electrolysis sorption enhanced carbonic acid gas is carbon, sulfur dioxide gas is absorbed and transform, and on negative electrode, obtain the nano-sized carbon of sulfur doping, the nano-sized carbon of this sulfur doping, relative to simple nano-carbon powder, shows more excellent capacitive property.The present invention is to the carbonic acid gas in flue gas and sulfurous gas simultaneously stability, it is possible to as the flue gas processing method of a kind of step deep desulfuration decarburization simultaneously, it is achieved that the recycling of flue gas.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1. reaction unit schematic diagram;
Fig. 2. gas concentration variation diagram in a certain groove piezoelectricity solution preocess;
Fig. 3. the sulfur doping carbon material SEM that a certain groove pressure electrolysis cathode obtains schemes;
Fig. 4. the sulfur doping carbon material XPS that a certain groove pressure electrolysis cathode obtains schemes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described, and it is to further describe and unrestricted the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
With Li2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3(mol ratio Li2CO3:Na2CO3:K2CO3=43.5:31.5:25) Li of the different concns that adulterates2SO4(Li2SO4%=1.45mol%, 4mol%, 8mol%) fused salt is as ionogen, under 475 DEG C of conditions, stannic oxide electrode does anode, and nickel sheet does negative electrode, two electrode systems, the alumina tube of cathodic area electrode both ends open entangles, and the oxygen preventing positive column from producing diffuses to cathodic area, avoids the carbon material of cathodic area sulfur doping by secondary oxidation (Fig. 1). Selected 4.5V, 5V and 5.5V groove pressure, permanent groove piezoelectricity solution, the process of electrolysis is led to continuously into the flue gas containing sulfurous gas and carbonic acid gas, the change of gas content in monitoring device in the process of electrolysis, monitoring result is as shown in Figure 2, illustrating by the result of Fig. 2, the sulfurous gas of lower concentration is completely absorbed, and carbonic acid gas is also absorbed simultaneously.
Fig. 2. being gas concentration variation diagram in a certain groove piezoelectricity solution preocess, as shown in Figure 2 a, in air inlet, sulfur dioxide concentration is 300mg/m3, after fused salt absorbs, the concentration of sulfurous gas is 0; As shown in Figure 2 b, carbonic acid gas is after fused salt absorbs, and concentration also reduces; As shown in Figure 2 c, positive column produces a large amount of oxygen.
Fig. 3 is that the sulfur doping carbon material SEM that a certain groove pressure electrolysis cathode obtains schemes, and as shown in Figure 3, the shape looks of negative electrode carbon material are cellular, and particle diameter is 200-250nm.
Fig. 4 is that the sulfur doping carbon material XPS that a certain groove pressure electrolysis cathode obtains schemes, and as shown in Figure 4, sulphur is mainly formed in the one-tenth key mode of C-S-C in negative electrode carbon material.
Embodiment 2:
With the Li of different ratio2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3Triplex carbonate is as ionogen, in the temperature range of 350-900 DEG C, stannic oxide ceramic electrode does anode, nickel sheet does negative electrode, two electrode systems, the alumina tube of cathodic area electrode both ends open entangles, and the oxygen preventing positive column from producing diffuses to cathodic area, avoids the carbon material of cathodic area sulfur doping by secondary oxidation (Fig. 1). Different slots piezoelectricity solution, leads to into the flue gas containing sulfurous gas and carbonic acid gas continuously in the process of electrolysis, the change of gas content in monitoring device in the process of electrolysis, wherein sulfur dioxide concentration significantly reduces, and fused salt has no obvious consumption. Thus illustrate, it may also be useful to the non-doped sulfuric acid salt of triplex carbonate also can be used as flue gas electrochemistry absorption system.
Embodiment 3:
With the Li of different ratio2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3The Li of triplex carbonate doping different concns2SO4Fused salt is as ionogen, in the temperature range of 350-900 DEG C, stannic oxide ceramic electrode does anode, nickel sheet does negative electrode, two electrode systems, the alumina tube of cathodic area electrode both ends open entangles, and the oxygen preventing positive column from producing diffuses to cathodic area, avoids the carbon material of cathodic area sulfur doping by secondary oxidation (Fig. 1). Different slots piezoelectricity solution, leads in the process of electrolysis continuously into the flue gas containing sulfurous gas and carbonic acid gas, the nano-sized carbon of obtained sulfur doping on negative electrode.The sulfurous gas that the method is possible not only to absorb in flue gas and carbonic acid gas are thus described, the nano-sized carbon of sulfur doping can be obtained simultaneously.
Embodiment 4:
Being prepared as electrode of super capacitor by the obtained sulfur doping carbon dust of embodiment 3 as electrode materials, test its capacitive property in different electrolyte systems, ratio capacitance reaches as high as 712F/g. Thus illustrate that the nano-sized carbon of this sulfur doping possesses excellent capacitive property.
Embodiment 5:
By the obtained sulfur doping carbon dust of embodiment 3 as hydrogen reduction catalyzer, testing the hydrogen reduction catalytic performance of this sulfur doping carbon dust in 0.1MKOH solution, hydrogen reduction peak current density can up to 4mA/cm2. Thus illustrate that the nano-sized carbon of this sulfur doping possesses excellent hydrogen reduction catalytic effect.
Embodiment 6:
By the obtained sulfur doping nano-sized carbon of embodiment 3 as adsorbent water pollutant, in planar water, anionic dyestuff is Congo red, the carbon dust of this sulfur doping to clearance Congo red in water up to more than 93%.
Embodiment 7:
By the obtained sulfur doping nano-sized carbon of embodiment 3 as formaldehyde in air absorption material, when concentration of formaldehyde is 255ppm, the loading capacity of the nano-sized carbon PARA FORMALDEHYDE PRILLS(91,95) of this sulfur doping can reach 166.84ppm/g. Thus illustrate that this sulfur doping nano-sized carbon can be used as pollutants in air absorption material.
Claims (4)
1. the method that fused salt deep desulfuration and reclamation utilize, it uses the mixture of alkaline carbonate or alkaline carbonate and alkali metal sulfates as fused salt absorption system; Absorb the lower concentration sulfur-containing smoke gas of coal-burning power plant, plant gas, chemical plant or cement mill discharge; While sulfurous gas in flue gas, sulphur trioxide and carbonic acid gas are synchronously absorbed, in fused salt absorption system, in the temperature range of 350-900 DEG C, by electrolysis, sulfurous gas, sulphur trioxide and carbon dioxide conversion are the nano-sized carbon of sulfur doping.
2. the method that a kind of fused salt deep desulfuration according to claim 1 and reclamation utilize, it is characterised in that, described alkaline carbonate is Li2CO3、Na2CO3And K2CO3In any one or multiple mixing; Described alkali metal sulfates is Li2SO4、Na2SO4And K2SO4In any one or multiple mixing.
3. the method that a kind of fused salt deep desulfuration according to claim 1 and reclamation utilize, it is characterised in that, described lower concentration sulfur-containing smoke gas is the flue gas after desulfurization, and the concentration of sulfurous gas in flue gas, sulphur trioxide and mixture thereof is at 0-300mg/m3Between.
4. the method that a kind of fused salt deep desulfuration according to claim 1 and reclamation utilize, it is characterised in that, described electrolysis adopts electrolyzer to be pressed between 2.8V-6V, and employing inert material is anode, taking metal or non-metallic material as negative electrode.
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106435634A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-22 | 武汉大学 | Inert anode for system for purifying flue gases by utilizing molten salts |
CN106680180A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-17 | 华南理工大学 | Chlorine ion multi-span concrete migration quantity monitoring device and method, and application thereof |
CN109475812A (en) * | 2016-06-19 | 2019-03-15 | 耶达研究及发展有限公司 | Use the fume desulphurization method of fused carbonate |
CN109855206A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-07 | 武汉大学 | A kind of intelligent air purifying oxygen replenishing method and device |
CN110819418A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-21 | 东北石油大学 | Method for efficiently desulfurizing and producing hydrogen based on solar STEP thermal-electrochemical coupling |
CN111229221A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-05 | 西安理工大学 | Blast furnace gas desulfurization system and preparation method of catalytic net for same |
CN114094242A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-02-25 | 重庆大学 | Flow type photoelectrochemical cell for treating desulfurization wastewater and reducing carbon dioxide simultaneously |
US20230113921A1 (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2023-04-13 | C2Cnt Llc | Methods and systems for production of doped carbon nanomaterials |
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WO2010137995A1 (en) * | 2009-05-28 | 2010-12-02 | Universitetet For Miljø- Og Biovitenskap | Co2 - capture in molten salts |
CN102743960A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2012-10-24 | 重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Preparation method of carbon-based combined electrode, electrolytic tank for decarbonization and desulphurization of flue gas and method for decarbonizing and desulphurizing flue gas on the basis of electrolytic tank |
CN102895847A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-30 | 武汉大学 | CO2 capturing and resourcing method |
CN103501900A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2014-01-08 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Molten salt-type off gas purification catalyst and off gas purification filter |
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US4357308A (en) * | 1980-06-06 | 1982-11-02 | Erickson Donald C | Dual temperature dual desulfurization |
WO2010137995A1 (en) * | 2009-05-28 | 2010-12-02 | Universitetet For Miljø- Og Biovitenskap | Co2 - capture in molten salts |
CN103501900A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2014-01-08 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Molten salt-type off gas purification catalyst and off gas purification filter |
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CN102743960A (en) * | 2012-07-25 | 2012-10-24 | 重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Preparation method of carbon-based combined electrode, electrolytic tank for decarbonization and desulphurization of flue gas and method for decarbonizing and desulphurizing flue gas on the basis of electrolytic tank |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109475812A (en) * | 2016-06-19 | 2019-03-15 | 耶达研究及发展有限公司 | Use the fume desulphurization method of fused carbonate |
CN106435634A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-22 | 武汉大学 | Inert anode for system for purifying flue gases by utilizing molten salts |
CN106435634B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-10-09 | 武汉大学 | A kind of inert anode for fused salt purifying smoke system |
CN106680180A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-17 | 华南理工大学 | Chlorine ion multi-span concrete migration quantity monitoring device and method, and application thereof |
CN106680180B (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2023-05-23 | 华南理工大学 | Device, method and application for monitoring migration quantity of chloride ions across concrete |
US20230113921A1 (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2023-04-13 | C2Cnt Llc | Methods and systems for production of doped carbon nanomaterials |
CN109855206A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-06-07 | 武汉大学 | A kind of intelligent air purifying oxygen replenishing method and device |
CN110819418A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-21 | 东北石油大学 | Method for efficiently desulfurizing and producing hydrogen based on solar STEP thermal-electrochemical coupling |
CN111229221A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-05 | 西安理工大学 | Blast furnace gas desulfurization system and preparation method of catalytic net for same |
CN111229221B (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2023-03-24 | 西安理工大学 | Blast furnace gas desulfurization system and preparation method of catalytic net for same |
CN114094242A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-02-25 | 重庆大学 | Flow type photoelectrochemical cell for treating desulfurization wastewater and reducing carbon dioxide simultaneously |
CN114094242B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-09-15 | 重庆大学 | Flow type photoelectrochemical cell for treating desulfurization wastewater and simultaneously reducing carbon dioxide |
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