CN105659802B - A kind of spacecraft is with connecting separator - Google Patents
A kind of spacecraft is with connecting separatorInfo
- Publication number
- CN105659802B CN105659802B CN200910122041.7A CN200910122041A CN105659802B CN 105659802 B CN105659802 B CN 105659802B CN 200910122041 A CN200910122041 A CN 200910122041A CN 105659802 B CN105659802 B CN 105659802B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- steel ball
- executing agency
- piston rod
- sleeve
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000002925 Dental Caries Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A kind of spacecraft is with connecting separator, formed by detonation element, interior executing agency, outer executing agency etc., be screwed together by the locknut being arranged on housing and the first connecting object, be screwed together by locking bar and the second connecting object, thus realize the reliable connection of first, second connecting object. When separated, the high-pressure gas producing after detonation element detonates, promote respectively the motion of inside and outside executing agency, and then complete release separation, the bullet of realizing the second connecting object is thrown. Apparatus of the present invention version is simple, easy to use, as long as there is set of execution mechanism action that release separation can be completed in inside and outside Liang Tao executing agency, even if wherein set of execution mechanism lost efficacy separated failure also can not be caused, therefore has highly reliable advantage.<pb pnum="1" />
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for the connection separator between spacecraft module section or between parts.
Background technology
Spacecraft in transmitting and in-orbit in flight course, between spacecraft and carrier rocket, spacecraft body withBetween parts, need reliable connection between the section of cabin, there is the assembly of separation requirement by preset program release separation,To ensure satisfactorily completing of aerial mission. Conventionally between spacecraft and carrier rocket, spacecraft body and partsBetween, connection between the section of cabin realizes with separated dependence connection separator.
Connection generally forms by being connected with unlocking feature, separating component etc. with separator, has connection, separatesLock, separation function. Linkage function refers to and couples together being connected object, and assembly strong after making connectionDegree, rigidity etc. meet ground and space instructions for use; Unlocking function refers to when flying in-orbit, wanting by regulationSolve except the connection constraints between assembly; Separation function makes connecting object separation after referring to assembly release.
The kind of connection separator has a lot, as blasting bolt, hot work nut, release rod etc. GenerallyThe release of these connection separators relies on set of execution mechanism to complete, and the design of executing agency does not have superfluousRemaining measure, the reliability of theoretical release separation is not high, if once executing agency lost efficacy, release will be caused to divideFrom failure. And with regard to single executing agency, because it adopts single or two or three components and parts to carry out structureDesign is that intensity or the separated reliability of connection is not high.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of structure simple,The high spacecraft of reliability is with connecting separator.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of spacecraft with connecting separator, comprise detonation element,Main charge, tail-hood, piston, piston rod, sleeve, locknut, the first shear pin, steel ball, lock dog, housing,Locking bar, the second shear pin; Executing agency in piston, piston rod, steel ball, the second shear pin form, sleeve,The first shear pin, steel ball, lock dog form outer executing agency; Interior executing agency and outer executing agency divide by tail-hoodSeparate, interior executing agency is positioned at the cavity of tail-hood inside, and outer executing agency is positioned at the common structure of tail-hood and housingIn the cavity of one-tenth; Piston rod is divided into two sections of thicknesses, and the thin segment of piston rod coordinates with piston, under combustion gas effectPromote to move in the cavity of piston in tail-hood inside, locking bar is columnar structured, by locking bar by the first connectionObject and the second connecting object couple together, and piston rod is arranged in the tubular construction of locking bar, piston rod away fromOne end of piston is fixedly connected with the second connecting object by the second shear pin, sleeve by the first shear pin withHousing is fixedly connected with, and locknut is placed in the outside of housing and housing is fixedly connected with the first connecting object; ?The cylindrical sidewall of locking bar has through hole, in through hole, place steel ball, under the support of the thick section of piston rod, pass through steelBundle of spheres lock dog and locking bar are constrained to one, realize and axially lock and bear axially connection load; Sleeve and lock dogContact surface be provided with boss and groove, together with lock dog is constrained in steel ball by boss by sleeve; Detonation elementBe connected to main charge, main charge by the aperture that reserves on tail-hood respectively with interior executing agency and outer executing agencyTwo cavitys at place communicate; When separated, the detonation element main charge that ignites, the combustion gas that main charge blast producesAperture by reserving on tail-hood enters respectively two cavitys at interior executing agency and outer executing agency place, instituteState combustion gas and act on piston and sleeve simultaneously; For interior executing agency, combustion gas promotes piston and then promotes pistonBar moves right, and cuts off the second shear pin, when the junction of two sections of piston rod thicknesses moves to steel ball placeDuring position, piston rod is removed completely to the constraint of steel ball, and steel ball produces slippage, under the effect of combustion gas thrust,Piston rod, steel ball, locking bar and the second connecting object are thrown by bullet together, complete release separation; For outer executionMechanism, combustion gas promotes sleeve and moves right, and cuts off the first shear pin, when lock dog falls into the groove of sleeve completelyTime remove constraint to lock dog and then the constraint of removing steel ball, under the effect of combustion gas thrust, piston rod,Steel ball, locking bar and the second connecting object are thrown by bullet together, complete release separation.
The diameter of described steel ball and quantity are according to being connected the size of load by following formula adjustment:
Wherein σmax: Max.contact stress; F: connection load; E: elasticity modulus of materials; N: steel ball quantityAmount; D: steel ball radius; A: the angle of lock dog groove; F: the friction between steel ball and lock dog, piston rodCoefficient.
Described steel ball also can be voussoir.
Described combustion gas acts on the size of pressure of piston and sleeve by adjusting the chi that reserves aperture on tail-hoodVery littlely determine.
Described housing cavity right side and locking bar inner chamber right side are provided with buffer element, for reducing sleeve andThe impact that piston rod produces when release is separated.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art: apparatus of the present invention possess connection separation function in employingSingle executing agency basis on, add set of execution mechanism, adopt Liang Tao executing agency, ensure connectionReliably, under prerequisite easy to use, the reliability of release separation improves. By adjusting the diameter of steel ballAnd quantity, can realize the demand that adapts to different connection load, highly versatile. Structural design slightly makes improvements,Steel ball is replaced to voussoir, the demand of higher connection load can be adapted to. By adjusting tail-hood combustion gas apertureSize, the synchronous or asynchronous release of Liang Tao executing agency inside and outside can easily realizing. By increasing at corresponding siteBuffer element, impact when effectively release is separated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that the present invention connects when separator is in connection lock-out state;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention connects the state diagram after inside and outside executing agency in separator all moves;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention connects the state diagram after separator Zhong Jinnei executing agency all moves;
Fig. 4 is that the present invention connects the state diagram after separator Zhong Jinwai executing agency all moves.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific embodiment of the invention process is further described:
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is by detonation element 8, main charge 9, tail-hood 10, piston 11, piston rod12, sleeve 13, locknut 14, the first shear pin 15, steel ball 16, lock dog 17, housing 18, locking bar 19,The second shear pin 20 composition such as grade. Locknut 14 is connected with the first connecting object, and it is right that locking bar 19 is connected with secondResemble connected. Executing agency in piston 11, piston rod 12, steel ball 16, the second shear pin 20 form, coverCylinder 13, the first shear pin 15, steel ball 16, lock dog 17 form outer executing agency.
Interior executing agency and outer execution architecture separate by tail-hood 10, and interior executing agency is positioned at tail-hood 10 insideCavity in, outer executing agency is positioned at the common cavity that forms of tail-hood 10 and housing 18.
Piston rod 12 is divided into two sections of thicknesses, and the thin segment of piston rod 12 coordinates with piston 11, and combustion gas promotes to liveIn the cavity of plug 11 in tail-hood 10 inside, move, locking bar 19 is columnar structured, by locking bar 19 by theOne connecting object and the second connecting object couple together, and piston rod 12 is arranged in the tubular construction of locking bar 19,One end away from piston 11 of piston rod 12 is fixedly connected with the second connecting object by the second shear pin 20,Sleeve 13 is fixedly connected with housing 18 by the first shear pin 15, and locknut 14 is placed in the outside of housing 18And housing 18 is fixedly connected with the first connecting object. Sleeve 13 is provided with protruding with the contact surface of lock dog 17Platform and groove, together with lock dog 17 is constrained in steel ball 16 by boss by sleeve 13. At the cylinder of locking bar 19Shape sidewall has through hole, in through hole, place steel ball 16, under the support of the thick section of piston rod 12, pass through steel ball16 lock dogs 17 and locking bar 19 are constrained to one, realize and axially lock and bear axially connection load. Steel ball16 diameter can be determined by following formula according to the size that is connected load with quantity:
Wherein σmaxFor the Max.contact stress between steel ball 16 and lock dog 17, piston rod 12; F carries for connectionLotus; E is elasticity modulus of materials; N is steel ball 16 quantity; D is steel ball 16 diameter; A is that lock dog 17 is recessedThe angle of groove; F is the coefficient of friction between steel ball 16 and lock dog 17, piston rod 12.
According to the computing formula of approved materials contact stressKnown, before adopting, formula is calculatedσmax[σ should be not less thanj], wherein: [σb] be tensile strength, calculate according to actual needs, m is that point connectsTouch coefficient, can be obtained by tabling look-up.
Housing 18 is provided with groove, and the corresponding site at locking bar 19 is provided with boss, prevents from applyingDuring coupling torque, between housing 18 and locking bar 19, produce relative rotation.
As shown in Figure 2, during normal separation, detonation element 8 main charge 9 that ignites, main charge 9 blast producesCombustion gas entered respectively at two of interior executing agency and outer executing agency place by the aperture reserving on tail-hood 10Individual cavity, combustion gas will act on piston 11 and sleeve 13 simultaneously.
For interior executing agency, combustion gas promotes piston 11 and then promotes piston rod 12 to move right, and cuts off theTwo shear pins 20, when the junction of two sections of piston rod 12 thicknesses moves to the position at steel ball 16 place, liveStopper rod 12 is removed completely to the constraint of steel ball 16, and steel ball 16 produces slippage, under the effect of combustion gas thrust,Piston rod 12, steel ball 16, locking bar 19 and the second connecting object are thrown by bullet together.
For outer executing agency, combustion gas promotes sleeve 13 and moves right, and cuts off the first shear pin 15, works as lockWhen falling into the groove of sleeve 13 completely, removes piece 17 constraint to lock dog 17, and then remove steel ball 16Constraint, under the effect of combustion gas thrust, piston rod 12, steel ball 16, locking bar 17 and the second connecting object oneRise and thrown by bullet.
In above process, inside and outside Liang Tao executing agency common action realizes release separation.
As shown in Figure 3, stuck if the sleeve of outer executing agency 13 occurs, cannot remove lock dog 17Constraint, now, in relying on, executing agency's action can complete separately release separation, and specific implementation process is as follows:Combustion gas promotes piston 11 and then promotes piston rod 12 to move right, and cuts off the second shear pin 20, works as piston rodWhen the junction of 12 two sections of thicknesses moves to the position at steel ball 16 place, the pact of piston rod 12 to steel ball 16Bundle is removed completely, and steel ball 16 produces slippage, under the effect of combustion gas thrust, piston rod 12, steel ball 16,Locking bar 19 and the second connecting object are thrown by bullet together, complete release separation.
As shown in Figure 4, stuck if the piston rod of interior executing agency 12 occurs, cannot remove steel ball 16Constraint, now rely on outer executing agency to move release separation can be completed separately, specific implementation process is as follows:Combustion gas promotes sleeve 13 and moves right, and cuts off the first shear pin 15, when lock dog 17 falls into sleeve 13 completelyGroove time remove constraint to lock dog 17 and then the constraint of removing steel ball 16, at the work of combustion gas thrustWith under, piston rod 12, steel ball 16, locking bar 19 and the second connecting object are thrown by bullet together, complete release and divideFrom.
The present invention is realized release separation by inside and outside Liang Tao executing agency, and separated reliability is held with respect to single coverThe separated reliability of row mechanism improves. Suppose that the reliability of Liang Tao executing agency release separation is RI,The separated reliability of the release of employing Liang Tao executing agency is then R=1-(1-R soI)2＝2RI-RI 2。
For the impact reducing in release separation process, can at its right end face of housing 18 inner chamber and locking bar 19Inner chamber its right end face increases buffer element.
For improving bearing capacity, steel ball 16 can be replaced to voussoir.
In addition, by adjusting the size in tail-hood 10 combustion gas aperture, the same of inside and outside executing agency can also be realizedStep release.
The content not being described in detail in description of the present invention belongs to those skilled in the art's known technology.
Claims (5)
1. spacecraft is with connecting a separator, it is characterized in that comprising: detonation element (8), main dressMedicine (9), tail-hood (10), piston (11), piston rod (12), sleeve (13), locknut (14),One shear pin (15), steel ball (16), lock dog (17), housing (18), locking bar (19), second are shearedPin (20); Piston (11), piston rod (12), steel ball (16), the second shear pin (20) are held in formingRow mechanism, sleeve (13), the first shear pin (15), lock dog (17) form outer executing agency; Tail-hood (10)Between interior executing agency and outer executing agency, interior executing agency is positioned at the inner cavity of tail-hood (10),Outer executing agency is positioned at tail-hood (10) and housing (18) cavity of formation jointly; Piston rod (12) pointFor two sections of thicknesses, the thin segment of piston rod (12) coordinates with piston (11), promotes piston under combustion gas effect(11) mobile in the inner cavity of tail-hood (10), locking bar (19) is columnar structured, passes through locking bar(19) the first connecting object and the second connecting object are coupled together, piston rod (12) is positioned at locking bar (19)Tubular construction in, one end away from piston (11) of piston rod (12) is by the second shear pin (20)Be fixedly connected with the second connecting object, sleeve (13) is solid with housing (18) by the first shear pin (15)Fixed connection, locknut (14) is placed in the outside of housing (18) and makes housing (18) and the first connecting objectBe fixedly connected with; Cylindrical sidewall in locking bar (19) has through hole, in through hole, place steel ball (16),Under the support of the thick section of piston rod (12), by steel ball (16), lock dog (17) and locking bar (19) are constrained toIntegrally, realize and axially lock and bear axially connection load; Sleeve (13) with the contacting of lock dog (17)Face is provided with boss and groove, and the contact surface with sleeve (13) of lock dog (17) is also provided with boss and recessedGroove, together with lock dog (17) is constrained in steel ball (16) by boss by sleeve (13); Detonation element (8)Be connected to main charge (9), main charge (9) by the aperture that reserves on tail-hood (10) respectively with interior executionTwo cavitys at mechanism and outer executing agency place communicate; When separated, detonation element (8) main charge (9) that ignites,The combustion gas that main charge (9) blast produces is entered respectively interior execution machine by the aperture reserving on tail-hood (10)Two cavitys at structure and outer executing agency place, described combustion gas acts on piston (11) and sleeve (13) simultaneously;For interior executing agency, combustion gas promotes piston (11) and then promotes piston rod (12) to move right, and cuts offThe second shear pin (20), when the junction of two sections of piston rod (12) thicknesses moves to steel ball (16) placePosition time, piston rod (12) is removed completely to the constraint of steel ball (16), steel ball (16) produce slippage,Under the effect of combustion gas thrust, piston rod (12), steel ball (16), locking bar (19) and the second connecting objectThrown by bullet together, complete release separation; For outer executing agency, combustion gas promotes sleeve (13) and moves right,Cut off the first shear pin (15), remove lock when lock dog (17) falls into the groove of sleeve (13) completelyThe constraint of piece (17), and then the constraint of removing to steel ball (16), under the effect of combustion gas thrust, pistonBar (12), steel ball (16), locking bar (19) and the second connecting object are thrown by bullet together, complete release separation.
2. a kind of spacecraft according to claim 1 is with connecting separator, it is characterized in that: instituteThe diameter of the steel ball (16) of stating and quantity are according to being connected the size of load by following formula adjustment:
Wherein σmax: Max.contact stress;
F: connection load;
E: elasticity modulus of materials;
N: steel ball (16) quantity;
D: steel ball (16) radius;
α: the angle of the face that lock dog (17) groove contacts with steel ball (16) and lock dog (17) axis;
F: the coefficient of friction between steel ball (16) and lock dog (17), piston rod (12).
3. a kind of spacecraft according to claim 1 is with connecting separator, it is characterized in that: instituteThe steel ball (16) of stating also can be voussoir.
4. a kind of spacecraft according to claim 1 is with connecting separator, it is characterized in that: instituteThe combustion gas of stating acts on the size of pressure of piston (11) and sleeve (13) by adjusting on tail-hood (10)The size that reserves aperture is determined.
5. a kind of spacecraft according to claim 1 is with connecting separator, it is characterized in that: instituteHousing (18) inner chamber right side and locking bar (19) the inner chamber right side stated are provided with buffer element, for reducingThe impact that sleeve (13) and piston rod (12) produce when release is separated.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105659802B true CN105659802B (en) | 2013-09-04 |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105035368A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-11 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Low-impact unlocking device allowing in-track repeated use and utilization method |
| CN107235154A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-10 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部第六十研究所 | A kind of machine umbrella separating mechanism of firer's release |
| CN107458627A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-12 | 北京特种机械研究所 | A kind of detector is pyrolyzed latch mechanism |
| CN107933975A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-20 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of high temperature resistant firer ejector |
| CN108019401A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-11 | 沈阳航天新光集团有限公司 | A kind of connection separator of underlying mechanism |
| CN108423199A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-21 | 陕西中天火箭技术股份有限公司 | A kind of gunpowder makees movable barrel type interstage |
| CN107218850B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-09-18 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | A kind of piston type explosion acting device encapsulating method |
| CN108791967A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-13 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | A kind of controllable substep tripper applied to spacecraft |
| CN109573115A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-05 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | Radome fairing opening device |
| CN110044595A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-23 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of space flight wire type separator ring structure strength measurement method based on electric detecting technology |
| CN110567327A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-12-13 | 四川航天川南火工技术有限公司 | Circumferential unlocking structure of gas piston |
| CN110617745A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-12-27 | 西安航天动力技术研究所 | Shear screw type cabin socket joint separating mechanism |
| CN112284196A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-01-29 | 星河动力(北京)空间科技有限公司 | Fairing separation system for carrier rocket and carrier rocket |
| CN112298620A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-02 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Firer connecting and unlocking device |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105035368B (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-04-05 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Low impact can in-orbit multiplexing tripper and using method |
| CN105035368A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-11-11 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Low-impact unlocking device allowing in-track repeated use and utilization method |
| CN107218850B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-09-18 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | A kind of piston type explosion acting device encapsulating method |
| CN107235154A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-10 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部第六十研究所 | A kind of machine umbrella separating mechanism of firer's release |
| CN107458627B (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2020-02-07 | 北京特种机械研究所 | Detector pyrolysis lock mechanism |
| CN107458627A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-12 | 北京特种机械研究所 | A kind of detector is pyrolyzed latch mechanism |
| CN107933975A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-20 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of high temperature resistant firer ejector |
| CN108019401A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-11 | 沈阳航天新光集团有限公司 | A kind of connection separator of underlying mechanism |
| CN108423199A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-21 | 陕西中天火箭技术股份有限公司 | A kind of gunpowder makees movable barrel type interstage |
| CN108791967A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-13 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | A kind of controllable substep tripper applied to spacecraft |
| CN109573115A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-05 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | Radome fairing opening device |
| CN109573115B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-09-15 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | Radome fairing opening device |
| CN110044595A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-23 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of space flight wire type separator ring structure strength measurement method based on electric detecting technology |
| CN110567327A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-12-13 | 四川航天川南火工技术有限公司 | Circumferential unlocking structure of gas piston |
| CN110617745A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-12-27 | 西安航天动力技术研究所 | Shear screw type cabin socket joint separating mechanism |
| CN112298620A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-02-02 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Firer connecting and unlocking device |
| CN112298620B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-07-26 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Firer connecting and unlocking device |
| CN112284196A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-01-29 | 星河动力(北京)空间科技有限公司 | Fairing separation system for carrier rocket and carrier rocket |
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