CN105655080A - Method for preparing high-resistivity iron-based nanocrystalline soft magnetic material - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a high-resistivity iron-based nanocrystalline soft magnetic material and belongs to the field of soft magnetic material preparation. According to the method, ceramic powder is added to a soft magnetic raw material, nanocrystalline amorphous powder is prepared through spray powder producing, and finally the high-resistivity iron-based nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is prepared with the spark plasma sintering method. By adding ceramic powder, the defects of low resistivity and high energy consumption of a traditional soft magnetic material are overcome, and the strength of the soft magnetic material is improved; meanwhile, the amorphous structure of nanocrystalline enables the comprehensive performance of the soft magnetic material to be more excellent, the soft magnetic material is made to have high saturation flux density, high magnetic conductivity, low loss and low cost, and high frequency and light weight of electronic components can be promoted.
Description
Technical field
The preparation method that the present invention relates to a kind of high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material, belongs to soft magnetic materials preparation field.
Background technology
Along with the rise of the progress of science and technology, social development and emerging field, people also deepen continuously for the research of various high performance materials. Magnetic material, as a kind of important functional material, can realize the critical function such as energy and the conversion of information, storage and transmission, and its application covers the various fields such as the energy, electrical equipment, electronics, takes on key player in social development. Magnetic material can be divided into soft magnetic materials, permanent magnet material, piezomagnetic material and gyromagnetism material etc. Soft magnetic materials is as the one in magnetic material, there is the good characteristics such as high saturation flux, high magnetic conductance, low-loss, extensive application in industry and daily life, can be used for manufacturing the electronic devices and components such as motor, transformator, transformer, computer magnetic core, magnetic recording head.
The development course of soft magnetic materials experienced by from crystalline state soft magnetic materials such as pure iron, mild steel, ferrum Si system alloy, ferrum aluminum series alloy, ferrum silicon aluminum series alloy, nickel iron-based alloys, to the amorphous soft magnetic material developed rapidly in recent years and crystalline state nanometer soft magnetic materials. The amorphous nanocrystalline soft magnetic material that twentieth century end grows up has the comprehensive soft magnet performance of excellence because of it, such as characteristics such as high saturated magnetic induction, high magnetic permeability, low-loss, low costs, electronic devices and components of making greater efforts to promote develop to high frequency, lightweight direction, have become as the focus of countries in the world focus of attention.
Non-crystaline amorphous metal is a kind of new material, there is in many aspects the performance more excellent than Conventional alloys because of it, not only there is high intensity, hardness, toughness, wearability, corrosion resistance and higher resistive, but also show the features such as excellent soft magnetism, low magnetic loss, it is widely used in industries such as electronics, machinery, chemical industry, and constantly expands its range of application along with the research further to non-crystaline amorphous metal.
The magnetic property of soft magnetic materials itself is fine, such as has significantly high magnetic induction and pcrmeability etc. Shortcoming is obvious equally, is all be made up of metal due to soft magnetic materials, and its resistivity must be very low, and low resistivity is the source of high energy losses. Energy loss becomes the biggest obstacle of restriction soft magnetic materials application and development.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that present invention mainly solves: be all made up of metal for current conventional soft magnetic materials, therefore resistivity is all very low, and low resistivity can cause significantly high energy loss, become the present situation of restriction soft magnetic materials application and development biggest obstacle, the preparation method providing a kind of high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material, the method utilizes ceramic powders to be added to soft magnetism raw material, nano-amorphous powder is made through spraying and powder making, high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is obtained finally by discharge plasma sintering legal system, wherein both to have solved conventional soft magnetic materials resistivity low in the addition of ceramic powders, the defect of high energy consumption, also soft magnetic materials intensity is made to uprise, simultaneously nanocrystalline non crystalline structure is more excellent by the combination property of soft magnetic materials, make it have high saturated magnetic induction, high magnetic permeability, low-loss, the characteristics such as low cost, electronic devices and components can be made greater efforts to promote to high frequency, lightweight direction is developed.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
(1) take the broken potsherd of 2��3kg, put in jaw crusher and crush, filter out particle diameter fragment between 1��3cm, continue to put in agate mortar and pulverize, cross 200��300 mesh standard sieves, obtain potsherd powder;
(2) weighing gross mass for 70:2:3:9 in mass ratio is that 500��800g iron powder, copper powder, niobium powder and boron powder are put in medium frequency induction melting furnace, pass into nitrogen inwards, passing into speed is 10��20mL/min, until after displacing all air, carrying out melting 5��8h with the frequency of 5��6KHz and obtain the molten slurry of alloy;
(3) molten for above-mentioned alloy slurry is moved in gas atomization pulverization device, selection nozzle diameter is 1��3mm, whiff pressure is 30��50MPa, melt temperature be 1100��1300 DEG C carry out atomization spray make powder, adopt rotary powder sieving machine to sieve the alloy powder made, obtain the alloy nanometer crystals powder that particle diameter is at 20��30 ��m;
(4) above-mentioned prepared alloy nano bronze end is mixed for 5:2:1 in mass ratio with potsherd powder and nanometer ferrite powder, put into grinding 20��30min in agate mortar after mixing, make nanometer ferrite powder be coated on ceramal powder surface;
(5) powder good for above-mentioned cladding is loaded in stainless steel mould, with the pressure of 0.3��0.5MPa, powder is carried out precompressed with steel plate, make the bed material powder pressing in mould so that follow-up sintering, mould after precompressed is put in discharge plasma sintering stove, sintering furnace is carried out evacuation, makes furnace pressure reach 500��700Pa;
(6) under vacuum conditions, starting sintering furnace maintenance pulse current is 5000��7000A, it is warming up to 600��700 DEG C, with powder in the pressure compacting tool set of 30��50MPa, heat preservation sintering 4��6h with the rate program of 10��20 DEG C/min, mould is removed in decompression, obtaining diameter is 20mm, and thickness is the soft magnetic bodies of 10mm, is cut into external diameter 15mm with wire electric discharge cutting equipment, the magnet ring of internal diameter 10mm, is a kind of high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material.
The concrete application process of the present invention: the high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material present invention prepared is used in the fields such as the energy, electrical equipment, electronics, the soft magnetic materials pcrmeability that the present invention prepares after testing reaches 80��90, coercivity is 1000��1100A/m, magnetic induction is 0.7��0.8T, resistance reaches 30��40m ��, compared with conventional soft magnetic materials, resistance improves 40��50%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material preparation technology that the present invention prepares is simple, raw material is easy to get, with low cost, both conventional soft magnetic materials resistivity had been solved low, the defect of high energy consumption, also making soft magnetic materials intensity uprise, simultaneously nanocrystalline non crystalline structure is more excellent by the combination property of soft magnetic materials.
Detailed description of the invention
Take the broken potsherd of 2��3kg, put in jaw crusher and crush, filter out particle diameter fragment between 1��3cm, continue to put in agate mortar and pulverize, cross 200��300 mesh standard sieves, obtain potsherd powder; Weighing gross mass for 70:2:3:9 in mass ratio is that 500��800g iron powder, copper powder, niobium powder and boron powder are put in medium frequency induction melting furnace, pass into nitrogen inwards, passing into speed is 10��20mL/min, until after displacing all air, carrying out melting 5��8h with the frequency of 5��6KHz and obtain the molten slurry of alloy;Molten for above-mentioned alloy slurry is moved in gas atomization pulverization device, selection nozzle diameter is 1��3mm, whiff pressure is 30��50MPa, melt temperature be 1100��1300 DEG C carry out atomization spray make powder, adopt rotary powder sieving machine to sieve the alloy powder made, obtain the alloy nanometer crystals powder that particle diameter is at 20��30 ��m; Above-mentioned prepared alloy nano bronze end is mixed for 5:2:1 in mass ratio with potsherd powder and nanometer ferrite powder, puts into grinding 20��30min in agate mortar after mixing, make nanometer ferrite powder be coated on ceramal powder surface; Powder good for above-mentioned cladding is loaded in stainless steel mould, with the pressure of 0.3��0.5MPa, powder is carried out precompressed with steel plate, make the bed material powder pressing in mould so that follow-up sintering, mould after precompressed is put in discharge plasma sintering stove, sintering furnace is carried out evacuation, makes furnace pressure reach 500��700Pa; Under vacuum conditions, starting sintering furnace maintenance pulse current is 5000��7000A, it is warming up to 600��700 DEG C, with powder in the pressure compacting tool set of 30��50MPa, heat preservation sintering 4��6h with the rate program of 10��20 DEG C/min, mould is removed in decompression, obtaining diameter is 20mm, and thickness is the soft magnetic bodies of 10mm, is cut into external diameter 15mm with wire electric discharge cutting equipment, the magnet ring of internal diameter 10mm, is a kind of high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material.
Example 1
Take the broken potsherd of 2kg, put in jaw crusher and crush, filter out particle diameter fragment between 1cm, continue to put in agate mortar and pulverize, cross 200 mesh standard sieves, obtain potsherd powder; Weighing gross mass for 70:2:3:9 in mass ratio is that 500g iron powder, copper powder, niobium powder and boron powder are put in medium frequency induction melting furnace, pass into nitrogen inwards, passing into speed is 10mL/min, until after displacing all air, carrying out melting 5h with the frequency of 5KHz and obtain the molten slurry of alloy; Molten for above-mentioned alloy slurry is moved in gas atomization pulverization device, selection nozzle diameter is 1mm, whiff pressure is 30MPa, melt temperature be 1100 DEG C carry out atomization spray make powder, adopt rotary powder sieving machine to sieve the alloy powder made, obtain the alloy nanometer crystals powder that particle diameter is at 20 ��m; Above-mentioned prepared alloy nano bronze end is mixed for 5:2:1 in mass ratio with potsherd powder and nanometer ferrite powder, puts into grinding 20min in agate mortar after mixing, make nanometer ferrite powder be coated on ceramal powder surface; Powder good for above-mentioned cladding is loaded in stainless steel mould, with the pressure of 0.3MPa, powder is carried out precompressed with steel plate, make the bed material powder pressing in mould so that follow-up sintering, mould after precompressed is put in discharge plasma sintering stove, sintering furnace is carried out evacuation, makes furnace pressure reach 500Pa; Under vacuum conditions, starting sintering furnace maintenance pulse current is 5000A, it is warming up to 600 DEG C, with powder in the pressure compacting tool set of 30MPa, heat preservation sintering 4h with the rate program of 10 DEG C/min, mould is removed in decompression, obtaining diameter is 20mm, and thickness is the soft magnetic bodies of 10mm, is cut into external diameter 15mm with wire electric discharge cutting equipment, the magnet ring of internal diameter 10mm, is a kind of high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material.
The concrete application process of the present invention: the high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material present invention prepared is used in the fields such as the covering energy, electrical equipment, electronics, the soft magnetic materials pcrmeability that the present invention prepares after testing reaches 80, coercivity is 1000A/m, magnetic induction is 0.7T, resistance reaches 30m ��, compared with conventional soft magnetic materials, resistance improves 40%.
Example 2
Take the broken potsherd of 2kg, put in jaw crusher and crush, filter out particle diameter fragment between 2cm, continue to put in agate mortar and pulverize, cross 250 mesh standard sieves, obtain potsherd powder; Weighing gross mass for 70:2:3:9 in mass ratio is that 650g iron powder, copper powder, niobium powder and boron powder are put in medium frequency induction melting furnace, pass into nitrogen inwards, passing into speed is 15mL/min, until after displacing all air, carrying out melting 7h with the frequency of 5KHz and obtain the molten slurry of alloy; Molten for above-mentioned alloy slurry is moved in gas atomization pulverization device, selection nozzle diameter is 2mm, whiff pressure is 40MPa, melt temperature be 1200 DEG C carry out atomization spray make powder, adopt rotary powder sieving machine to sieve the alloy powder made, obtain the alloy nanometer crystals powder that particle diameter is at 25 ��m; Above-mentioned prepared alloy nano bronze end is mixed for 5:2:1 in mass ratio with potsherd powder and nanometer ferrite powder, puts into grinding 25min in agate mortar after mixing, make nanometer ferrite powder be coated on ceramal powder surface; Powder good for above-mentioned cladding is loaded in stainless steel mould, with the pressure of 0.4MPa, powder is carried out precompressed with steel plate, make the bed material powder pressing in mould so that follow-up sintering, mould after precompressed is put in discharge plasma sintering stove, sintering furnace is carried out evacuation, makes furnace pressure reach 600Pa; Under vacuum conditions, starting sintering furnace maintenance pulse current is 6000A, it is warming up to 650 DEG C, with powder in the pressure compacting tool set of 40MPa, heat preservation sintering 5h with the rate program of 15 DEG C/min, mould is removed in decompression, obtaining diameter is 20mm, and thickness is the soft magnetic bodies of 10mm, is cut into external diameter 15mm with wire electric discharge cutting equipment, the magnet ring of internal diameter 10mm, is a kind of high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material.
The concrete application process of the present invention: the high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material present invention prepared is used in the fields such as the covering energy, electrical equipment, electronics, the soft magnetic materials pcrmeability that the present invention prepares after testing reaches 85, coercivity is 1050A/m, magnetic induction is 0.7T, resistance reaches 35m ��, compared with conventional soft magnetic materials, resistance improves 45%.
Example 3
Take the broken potsherd of 3kg, put in jaw crusher and crush, filter out particle diameter fragment between 3cm, continue to put in agate mortar and pulverize, cross 300 mesh standard sieves, obtain potsherd powder; Weighing gross mass for 70:2:3:9 in mass ratio is that 800g iron powder, copper powder, niobium powder and boron powder are put in medium frequency induction melting furnace, pass into nitrogen inwards, passing into speed is 20mL/min, until after displacing all air, carrying out melting 8h with the frequency of 6KHz and obtain the molten slurry of alloy; Molten for above-mentioned alloy slurry is moved in gas atomization pulverization device, selection nozzle diameter is 3mm, whiff pressure is 50MPa, melt temperature be 1300 DEG C carry out atomization spray make powder, adopt rotary powder sieving machine to sieve the alloy powder made, obtain the alloy nanometer crystals powder that particle diameter is at 30 ��m; Above-mentioned prepared alloy nano bronze end is mixed for 5:2:1 in mass ratio with potsherd powder and nanometer ferrite powder, puts into grinding 30min in agate mortar after mixing, make nanometer ferrite powder be coated on ceramal powder surface; Powder good for above-mentioned cladding is loaded in stainless steel mould, with the pressure of 0.5MPa, powder is carried out precompressed with steel plate, make the bed material powder pressing in mould so that follow-up sintering, mould after precompressed is put in discharge plasma sintering stove, sintering furnace is carried out evacuation, makes furnace pressure reach 700Pa;Under vacuum conditions, starting sintering furnace maintenance pulse current is 7000A, it is warming up to 700 DEG C, with powder in the pressure compacting tool set of 50MPa, heat preservation sintering 6h with the rate program of 20 DEG C/min, mould is removed in decompression, obtaining diameter is 20mm, and thickness is the soft magnetic bodies of 10mm, is cut into external diameter 15mm with wire electric discharge cutting equipment, the magnet ring of internal diameter 10mm, is a kind of high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material.
The concrete application process of the present invention: the high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material present invention prepared is used in the fields such as the covering energy, electrical equipment, electronics, the soft magnetic materials pcrmeability that the present invention prepares after testing reaches 90, coercivity is 1100A/m, magnetic induction is 0.8T, resistance reaches 40m ��, compared with conventional soft magnetic materials, resistance improves 50%.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material, it is characterised in that concrete preparation process is:
(1) take the broken potsherd of 2��3kg, put in jaw crusher and crush, filter out particle diameter fragment between 1��3cm, continue to put in agate mortar and pulverize, cross 200��300 mesh standard sieves, obtain potsherd powder;
(2) weighing gross mass for 70:2:3:9 in mass ratio is that 500��800g iron powder, copper powder, niobium powder and boron powder are put in medium frequency induction melting furnace, pass into nitrogen inwards, Ventilation Rate is 10��20mL/min, until after displacing all air, carrying out melting 5��8h with the frequency of 5��6KHz and obtain the molten slurry of alloy;
(3) molten for above-mentioned alloy slurry is moved in gas atomization pulverization device, selection nozzle diameter is 1��3mm, whiff pressure is 30��50MPa, melt temperature be 1100��1300 DEG C carry out atomization spray make powder, adopt rotary powder sieving machine to sieve the alloy powder made, obtain particle diameter alloy nanometer crystals powder between 20��30 ��m;
(4) above-mentioned prepared alloy nano bronze end is mixed for 5:2:1 in mass ratio with potsherd powder and nanometer ferrite powder, put into grinding 20��30min in agate mortar after mixing, make nanometer ferrite powder be coated on ceramal powder surface;
(5) powder good for above-mentioned cladding is loaded in stainless steel mould, with the pressure of 0.3��0.5MPa, powder is carried out precompressed with steel plate, make the bed material powder pressing in mould so that follow-up sintering, mould after precompressed is put in discharge plasma sintering stove, sintering furnace is carried out evacuation, makes furnace pressure reach 500��700Pa;
(6) under vacuum conditions, starting sintering furnace maintenance pulse current is 5000��7000A, it is warming up to 600��700 DEG C, with powder in the pressure compacting tool set of 30��50MPa, heat preservation sintering 4��6h with the rate program of 10��20 DEG C/min, mould is removed in decompression, obtaining diameter is 20mm, and thickness is the soft magnetic bodies of 10mm, is cut into external diameter 15mm with wire electric discharge cutting equipment, the magnet ring of internal diameter 10mm, is a kind of high resistivity Fe-Base nanocrystalline soft magnetic material.
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| CN110428967A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-08 | 四川大学 | A kind of preparation method and product of ultra-low temperature cold sintered iron base nanocomposite powder core |
| CN114360884A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 华南理工大学 | High-magnetic-induction low-loss gradient nanocrystalline magnetic powder core suitable for high-frequency inductance element and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN106653302A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 江西艾特磁材有限公司 | Amorphous compound magnetic core and preparation method thereof |
| CN110428967A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-08 | 四川大学 | A kind of preparation method and product of ultra-low temperature cold sintered iron base nanocomposite powder core |
| CN114360884A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 华南理工大学 | High-magnetic-induction low-loss gradient nanocrystalline magnetic powder core suitable for high-frequency inductance element and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114360884B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-08-01 | 华南理工大学 | Gradient nanocrystalline magnetic powder core with high magnetic induction and low loss as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116904831A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-10-20 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method and material of Fe-Si-B based bulk amorphous alloy |
| CN116904831B (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-12-19 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method and material of Fe-Si-B based bulk amorphous alloy |
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