CN105653247B - A kind of method and device saving linux kernel type information - Google Patents
A kind of method and device saving linux kernel type information Download PDFInfo
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- CN105653247B CN105653247B CN201410645609.4A CN201410645609A CN105653247B CN 105653247 B CN105653247 B CN 105653247B CN 201410645609 A CN201410645609 A CN 201410645609A CN 105653247 B CN105653247 B CN 105653247B
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of method and apparatus for saving linux kernel type information.Wherein the method for saving linux kernel type information includes: to receive kernel type information；Obtain the use state data of the buffer circle of reserved memory；According to the use state data, by the buffer circle of kernel type information storage to the reserved memory.Using method provided by the present application, the kernel type information repeatedly started can be recorded in case of constant power, avoids Multiprocessing and file write operation, to achieve the effect that the real-time for improving the kernel type information that record repeatedly starts.
Description
Technical field
This application involves linux kernel fields, and in particular to a kind of method and dress for saving linux kernel type information
It sets.
Background technique
Linux is a Monolithic Kernel system, is substantially an offer hardware abstraction layer, disk and file system control
The system software of the functions such as system, multitask.A set of complete operating system based on linux kernel is referred to as (SuSE) Linux OS.
Currently, (SuSE) Linux OS is efficiently increasingly used widely with flexibility with it.In (SuSE) Linux OS actual motion mistake
Cheng Zhong needs to check the kernel type information in log recording area, in order to enhance the stability of operating system so as to analysis system
Status information when abnormal efficiently locates the reason of generating system exception.The system exception that linux kernel occurs includes operation
System is restarted under nameless reason or operating system hangs the exceptions such as dead caused watchdog reset.
It is a kind of it is common record kernel type information method be using Linux carry dmesg log recording kernel beat
Official seal breath.This method by the kernel printmessage of printk function be recorded length be _ annular of _ LOG_BUF_LEN byte delays
It rushes in area, _ _ LOG_BUF_LEN value is selected from 4KB to 1MB when configuring kernel.If Circular buffer area is filled
Words, new record information is written in the initial position in wraparound Circular buffer area by printk, while overriding old record information.When
When needing to obtain kernel type information, dmesg order can be called at Linux shell.The order will be from buffer circle
Kernel type information is read, and is shown on console.In this way the shortcomings that is the kernel that can only record this starting
Type information, even if in case of constant power, can not realize the kernel type information started several times before record system.
The method of another common record kernel type information is to be beaten kernel by waiting for process klogd, syslogd
Official seal breath write-in file.This method is waited in process (syslogd and klogd) record by the circle queue of printk and two
Core type information.Linux system execution/etc/init.d/sysklogd starts two and waits for process klogd and syslogd.
Klogd process called by system syslog () or directly read/proc/kmsg file obtains the content of buffer circle,
And the content of reading is passed into syslogd process and is handled.Syslogd process is according to matching in/etc/syslog.conf
Set, kernel type information is written to/var/log/ under different files in.Relatively above-mentioned dmesg log approach, this method
The advantages of be that by the record of the kernel type information repeatedly started.However, printk's is interior after exception occurs in system
Core type information will be not only written in the buffer circle of memory, and also wait for klogd and syslogd process to handle
The information being newly written.After the processing of the two processes, also processing result is written in disk file, and disk file is write
Entering operation is again quite time-consuming.A large amount of kernel type informations before may cause system reboot using this method as a result, can not
Timely recorded.As it can be seen that since the process flow of this method itself is excessively complicated, and it is related to the write-in behaviour of file
Make, to influence the real-time of kernel type information record.
Therefore, the process flow for the kernel type information that the prior art repeatedly starts in the presence of record is excessively complicated and is related to text
The problem of part write operation.
Summary of the invention
The application provides a kind of method and apparatus for saving linux kernel type information, there is note to solve the prior art
It records the process flow excessively complexity of the kernel type information repeatedly started and is involved in the problems, such as file write operation.
The application provides a kind of method for saving linux kernel type information, comprising:
Receive kernel type information；
Obtain the use state data of the buffer circle of reserved memory；The reserved memory refers to bootstrap loading bootstrap
Start the memory not being allocated again to it, including Head Section and buffer circle；The Head Section stores the buffer circle
Use state data, the use state data include at least the reserved memory buffer circle head pointer be directed toward
Memory address, the memory address that tail pointer is directed toward, the use length of buffer circle and buffer circle whether full scale will；Institute
The buffer circle for stating reserved memory stores the kernel type information；
According to the use state data, by the loop buffer of kernel type information storage to the reserved memory
Area.
Optionally, further includes:
By kernel type information storage to the buffer area of the kernel.
Optionally, before the reception kernel type information, further includes:
Reserved memory management equipment is set, and the management equipment refers to the use realized on the basis of Linux device model
In the character device of management reserved memory；The management equipment includes at least character device structural body, the main equipment of linux kernel
Number, from device number, reserved memory pointer and buffer circle pointer, the reserved memory pointer is directed toward rising for the reserved memory
Beginning address, the buffer circle pointer are directed toward the initial address of the buffer circle of the reserved memory.
Optionally, before the setting reserved memory management equipment, further includes:
The reserved memory is set.
Optionally, the setting reserved memory includes:
The initial address and length of the reserved memory are set；
It will be run at first preset address of general boot program loads to physical memory, load, run the guidance
Memory headroom shared by program and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory be not be overlapped；
In the linux kernel vectoring phase, the initial address of the reserved memory and length are passed to linux kernel；
The linux kernel is loaded at the second preset address of physical memory and is run, loads the linux kernel institute
It accounts for memory headroom and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory is not be overlapped；
After initializing memory allocator bootmem, memory headroom shared by the reserved memory is labeled as having used.
Optionally, described to include: by the initial address of the reserved memory and the incoming linux kernel of length
The initial address and length of the reserved memory are saved using application specific architecture body；
By general register, the initial address of the application specific architecture body is passed into the linux kernel.
Optionally, the initial address of the application specific architecture body is passed to by the Linux by general register described
After kernel, start when executing head.s file during the linux kernel, further includes:
The initial address of the reserved memory is saved in the pointer of the application specific architecture body；The application specific architecture body
Pointer is global variable.
Optionally, the setting reserved memory management equipment includes:
Establish the management equipment；
Initialize the management equipment；
The character device structural body receives the initial address and length for the reserved memory that bootstrap is sent；
The initial address of the reserved memory is assigned to the reserved memory pointer by the character device structural body；
The initial address and length of the reserved memory based on the received, establish the reserved memory Head Section and the guarantor
Stay the buffer circle of memory；
The initial address of the buffer circle of the reserved memory of foundation is assigned to the buffer circle pointer；
Establish the interface of the kernel type information stored in the buffer circle for obtaining the reserved memory；
By the pointer assignment of the interface to the reading function of the file operation of the character device structural body；
The character device structural body is registered to the device management module of the linux kernel；
The management equipment is marked to initialize using global variable.
Optionally, described according to the use state data, by kernel type information storage to the reserved memory
Buffer circle include:
The each character for traversing the kernel type information, the memory that the tail pointer is directed toward is written by the character
Whether location judges the buffer circle of the reserved memory according to the buffer circle of use state data full scale will
Whether expire；
When the buffer circle of the reserved memory has been expired, the tail pointer and the head pointer are respectively directed to respectively
Next memory address of the memory address currently pointed to；If the head pointer or the tail pointer are in the buffer circle
End when, its next memory address is the initial address of the buffer circle；
When the buffer circle of the reserved memory is less than, the use length of the buffer circle is added one, and sentence
Break the reservation length for whether being equal to the buffer circle using length of the buffer circle；If so, the tail is referred to
Needle is directed toward the initial address of the buffer circle of the reserved memory, and the head pointer is directed toward its memory address currently pointed to
Next memory address, and whether full scale will is set as having expired by the buffer circle；If it is not, then by the tail pointer
It is directed toward the next memory address for the memory address that it is currently pointed to.
Optionally, further includes:
The kernel type information is displayed on the screen by the management equipment, or by the kernel type information
Storage is hereof.
The application also provides a kind of device for saving linux kernel type information, comprising:
Receiving unit, for receiving kernel type information；
Acquiring unit, the use state data of the buffer circle for obtaining reserved memory；The reserved memory refers to
Bootstrap loading bootstrap starts the memory not being allocated again to it, including Head Section and buffer circle；The Head Section storage
The use state data of the buffer circle, the use state data include at least the buffer circle of the reserved memory
Head pointer be directed toward memory address, tail pointer be directed toward memory address, buffer circle use length and buffer circle
Whether full scale will；The buffer circle of the reserved memory stores the kernel type information；
First storage unit, for according to the use state data, the kernel type information to be stored to the guarantor
Stay the buffer circle of memory.
Optionally, further includes:
Second storage unit, for storing the kernel type information to the buffer area of the kernel.
Optionally, further includes:
First setting unit, for reserved memory management equipment to be arranged, the management equipment refers in Linux device model
On the basis of realize for managing the character device of reserved memory；The management equipment includes at least the character of linux kernel
Device structure body, major device number, from device number, reserved memory pointer and buffer circle pointer, the reserved memory pointer refers to
To the initial address of the reserved memory, the buffer circle pointer is directed toward the starting of the buffer circle of the reserved memory
Address.
Optionally, further includes:
Second setting unit, for the reserved memory to be arranged.
Optionally, second setting unit includes:
Subelement is set, for the initial address and length of the reserved memory to be arranged；
First load subelement, for being transported at the first preset address by general boot program loads to physical memory
Row loads, runs memory headroom shared by the bootstrap and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory is not be overlapped；
Subelement is transmitted, in the linux kernel vectoring phase, the initial address of the reserved memory and length to be passed to
Linux kernel；
Second load subelement, runs for being loaded into the linux kernel at the second preset address of physical memory,
It loads memory headroom shared by the linux kernel and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory is not be overlapped；
Subelement is marked, is used for after initializing memory allocator bootmem, by memory headroom shared by the reserved memory
Labeled as having used.
Optionally, the transmitting subelement includes:
First transmitting subelement, for saving the initial address and length of the reserved memory using application specific architecture body；
Second transmitting subelement, for by general register, the initial address of the application specific architecture body to be passed to institute
State linux kernel.
Optionally, further includes:
Write back unit, for the initial address of the reserved memory to be saved in the pointer of the application specific architecture body；Institute
The pointer for stating structural body is global variable.
Optionally, first setting unit includes:
First establishes subelement, for establishing the management equipment；
Subelement is initialized, for initializing the management equipment；
Receiving subelement receives the starting for the reserved memory that bootstrap is sent for the character device structural body
Address and length；
The initial address of the reserved memory is assigned to institute for the character device structural body by the first assignment subunit
State reserved memory pointer；
Second establishes subelement, for the initial address and length of the reserved memory based on the received, establishes the guarantor
Stay the Head Section of memory and the buffer circle of the reserved memory；
Second assignment subunit, for the initial address of the buffer circle for the reserved memory established to be assigned to institute
State buffer circle pointer；
Third establishes subelement, beats for establishing the kernel stored in the buffer circle for obtaining the reserved memory
The interface of official seal breath；
Third assignment subunit, for the pointer assignment of the interface to be given to the file operation of the character device structural body
Reading function；
Registration subunit, for the character device structural body to be registered to the device management module of the linux kernel；
Be globalized subelement, for using global variable that the management equipment is marked to initialize.
Optionally, first storage unit includes:
Ergodic judgement subelement will be described in character write-in for traversing each character of the kernel type information
Whether the memory address that tail pointer is directed toward judges the guarantor according to the buffer circle of use state data full scale will
Whether stay the buffer circle of memory has expired；
Judgement is subelement, for when the buffer circle of the reserved memory has been expired, by the tail pointer and described
Head pointer is respectively directed to next memory address of the memory address respectively currently pointed to；If the head pointer or the tail refer to
For needle at the end of the buffer circle, its next memory address is the initial address of the buffer circle；
No subelement is judged, for when the buffer circle of the reserved memory is less than, by the buffer circle
Using length plus one, and judge the reservation length for whether being equal to the buffer circle using length of the buffer circle；
If so, the tail pointer to be directed toward to the initial address of the buffer circle of the reserved memory, the head pointer is directed toward it
Next memory address of the memory address currently pointed to, and whether full scale will is set as having expired by the buffer circle；
If it is not, the tail pointer to be then directed toward to the next memory address for the memory address that it is currently pointed to.
Optionally, further includes:
Print unit, for being displayed on the screen the kernel type information by the management equipment, or by institute
State the storage of kernel type information hereof.
Compared with prior art, the application has the following advantages:
The method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application for saving linux kernel type information, are not guided by setting
The internal storage management system of program and linux kernel distributes the reserved memory used, and passes through reserved memory management equipment for kernel
Type information is stored into the buffer circle of pre-set reserved memory, so that being able to record in case of constant power more
The kernel type information of secondary starting, avoids Multiprocessing and file write operation, improves what record repeatedly started to reach
The effect of the real-time of kernel type information.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the embodiment of the method for the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 2 is the specific stream of the embodiment of the method preparation process of the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 3 is the specific stream of the embodiment of the method step S201 of the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 4 is the specific stream of the embodiment of the method step S203 of the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the method reserved memory of the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 6 is the specific stream of the embodiment of the method step S105 of the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the Installation practice of the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application.
Specific embodiment
Many details are explained in the following description in order to fully understand the application.But the application can be with
Much it is different from other way described herein to implement, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to the application intension the case where
Under do similar popularization, therefore the application is not limited by following public specific implementation.
In the embodiment of the present application, a kind of method and apparatus for saving linux kernel type information are provided.Following
It is described in detail one by one in embodiment.
Referring to FIG. 1, its process for the embodiment of the method for the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application
Figure.Described method includes following steps:
Step S101: kernel type information is received.
Kernel type information described in the embodiment of the present application can be the printing letter of the printk function output of linux kernel
Breath, including at least the error handling processing and exception information of linux kernel.Printk function is the interface of kernel type information printing.
The Interface design is succinct, easy-to-use, has preferable robustness, can use in interruption and under multi-processor environment.
Step S103: the use state data of the buffer circle of reserved memory are obtained；
The reserved memory refers to that bootstrap loading bootstrap starts the memory not being allocated again to it, including Head Section and
Buffer circle；The Head Section stores the use state data of the buffer circle, and the use state data include at least
Memory address, the loop buffer of memory address, tail pointer direction that the head pointer of the buffer circle of the reserved memory is directed toward
The use length and buffer circle in area whether full scale will；The buffer circle of the reserved memory stores the kernel printing
Information.
Reserved memory described in the embodiment of the present application referred in vectoring phase (boot stage) and linux system initialization rank
One piece of memory headroom that section stays in advance, this block memory headroom cannot be guided the internal storage management system of program and linux kernel
Distribution uses.After os starting, this block memory is safeguarded by dedicated module, is printed with realizing to linux kernel history
The record of information.In case of constant power, reserved memory is able to record the kernel type information repeatedly started.Reserved memory packet
Head Section and buffer circle are included, wherein Head Section is used to describe to manage entire buffer circle, and buffer circle is used to store kernel
Type information.
Buffer circle described in the embodiment of the present application refers to widely applied end to end data fifo structure.It uses
The advantages of buffer circle is not need dynamic allocation and releasing memory, and the buffer space of fixed size may be implemented repeatedly
It uses.When recording kernel type information using buffer circle, if buffer circle has been expired, new information will be covered most
Old information.
The method provided by the embodiments of the present application for saving linux kernel type information is by kernel type information storage to guarantor
It stays in memory, therefore, before executing this step S103, needs to be implemented step shown in Fig. 2.
Referring to FIG. 2, its embodiment of the method preparation process for the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application
Specific flow chart.In the present embodiment, before the reception kernel type information, further includes:
Step S201: the reserved memory is set.
Referring to FIG. 3, its embodiment of the method step S201 for the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application
Specific flow chart.In the present embodiment, the setting reserved memory includes:
Step S2001: the initial address and length of the reserved memory are set.
In the present embodiment, the initial address of reserved memory is arranged are as follows: RESERVED_MEM_PHYS=0x200000,
The length of reserved memory is arranged are as follows: RESERVED_MEM_SIZE=0x200000.Wherein, the length of reserved memory is according to warp
It is next fixed to test value, it is generally the case that 2M memory headroom can recorde the kernel type information of 100 kernels restarting.
Step S2002: it will be run at the first preset address of general boot program loads to physical memory, load, fortune
Memory headroom shared by the row bootstrap and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory be not be overlapped.
The method provided by the embodiments of the present application for saving linux kernel type information needs that the vectoring phase is avoided to use guarantor
Stay memory.In the present embodiment, the position 128M of general boot program loads to physical memory is run.
Step S2003: in the linux kernel vectoring phase, the initial address of the reserved memory and length are passed to Linux
Kernel.
In the present embodiment, before boot code calls it to jump function kernel, by the starting of the reserved memory
Address and length are passed to linux kernel.
Further, step S2003 is specific can include: the initial address of the reserved memory is saved using application specific architecture body
And length；By general register, the initial address of the application specific architecture body is passed into the linux kernel.
In the present embodiment, the initial address of the application specific architecture body is passed to by institute by general register described
After stating linux kernel, after linux kernel starting, when executing head.s file, further includes: by rising for the reserved memory
Beginning address is saved in the pointer of the structural body；The pointer of the structural body is global variable.Structural body pointer definition is one
A global variable, so as to subsequent use.
Step S2004: the linux kernel is loaded at the second preset address of physical memory and is run, described in load
Memory headroom shared by linux kernel and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory be not be overlapped.
The method provided by the embodiments of the present application for saving linux kernel type information, to guarantee reserved memory not by Linux
Kernel initialization code is used, and needs to avoid using this section of lower reserved memory address.It in the present embodiment, will be described
Linux kernel is loaded into the operation of the position physical memory addresses 0x600000.
Step S2005: after initializing memory allocator bootmem, memory headroom shared by the reserved memory is marked
To have used.
In the present embodiment, added by the tail portion of the bootmem_init function in initialization bootmem memory allocator
Reserved memory is labeled as having used by the calling for adding reserve_bootmem.
Bootmem memory allocator is memory allocator used in the kernel of system initial start stage, at this time linux kernel
Buddy and slab memory allocator also no initializtion, therefore, bootmem memory allocator is first available memory point
Orchestration.Above-mentioned bootmem_init function is by arch_mem_init function call, for initializing bootmem memory allocator.
Wherein, arch_mem_init function is the function that internal storage management system is initialized in linux kernel；Reserve_bootmem letter
Several prototypes is void__init reserve_bootmem (unsigned long addr, unsigned long size).
Reserved memory can be realized and open in entire (SuSE) Linux OS labeled as having used by above-mentioned mark mode
Will not all reallocate this block reserved memory after dynamic.
For make linux kernel start after can the above-mentioned reserved memory of management service, in the reception kernel type information
Before, may also include that
Step S203: setting reserved memory management equipment, the management equipment refers to, on the basis of Linux device model
The character device for being used to manage reserved memory of upper realization；The management equipment includes at least the character device knot of linux kernel
Structure body, major device number, from device number, reserved memory pointer and buffer circle pointer, described in the reserved memory pointer direction
The initial address of reserved memory, the buffer circle pointer are directed toward the initial address of the buffer circle of the reserved memory.
In the present embodiment, come tissue and maintenance reserved memory by using the character device mode of Linux, realize
The record of linux kernel type information.
Referring to FIG. 4, its embodiment of the method step S203 for the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application
Specific flow chart.In the present embodiment, the setting reserved memory management equipment includes:
Step S2030: the management equipment is established.
In the present embodiment, a customized device structure body struct record_util is established.The knot of the equipment
It include character device structural body struct cdev, the major device number major id carried in linux kernel in structure body, from setting
Standby number minor id, reserved memory pointer header_ptr, buffer circle pointer ring_buffer.Wherein, struct
Cdev is character device, is the data structure of equipment management in linux kernel, registers guarantor into kernel by the character device
Stay the management equipment of memory.The initial address of reserved memory pointer header_ptr direction reserved memory, it may be assumed that reserved memory Head Section
Base address by using reserved memory pointer header_ptr, update Head Section when buffer circle content changes
The use state data of middle storage.The starting point of buffer circle pointer ring_buffer direction reserved memory buffer circle
The pointer is used when reserved memory is written in kernel type information every time in location.Major device number and from device number be Linux equipment
The device id needed in management.
Step S2031: the management equipment is initialized.
Step S2032: the character device structural body receives the initial address for the reserved memory that bootstrap is sent
And length.
In the present embodiment, before bootstrap calls it to jump function kernel, by the initial address of reserved memory and
Length is passed to linux kernel.
Step S2032 is specific can include: by general register, obtains the initial address of application specific architecture body；According to dedicated
The initial address of structural body reads application specific architecture body, to obtain the initial address and length of reserved memory.
Step S2033: the initial address of the reserved memory is assigned in the reservation by the character device structural body
Deposit pointer.
In the present embodiment, after character device initializes, bootstrap is obtained by step S2032 first and is passed over
Reserved memory initial address and length, the initial address for the reserved memory that then will acquire is assigned to struct record_
Reserved memory pointer head_ptr in util.
Step S2034: the initial address and length of the reserved memory based on the received establishes the head of the reserved memory
The buffer circle in area and the reserved memory.
Referring to FIG. 5, its embodiment of the method reserved memory for the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application
Schematic diagram.In the present embodiment, reserved memory is divided into two regions, a part is Head Section header, and address is
Reset the head_ptr memory pointer in struct record_util.Head Section is used to record the service condition of buffer circle,
Such as: the position of current head pointer head, tail pointer tail, whether the information such as expired for buffer area.Another part is ring
Shape buffer area, for saving kernel history type information.
Step S2035: it is slow that the initial address of the buffer circle of the reserved memory of foundation is assigned to the annular
Rush Qu Zhizhen.
Step S2036: the kernel type information stored in the buffer circle for obtaining the reserved memory is established
Interface.
Step S2037: by the pointer assignment of the interface to the reading function of the file operation of the character device structural body.
In the management equipment of the present embodiment reserved memory, need to realize the interface of a dump buffer circle, and will
The interface pointer is assigned to the read function of the operation struct file_operations of character device struct cdev.
Dump function is the reading interface of management equipment, so that can check the content of buffer circle under User space.
Step S2038: the character device structural body is registered to the device management module of the linux kernel.
Character device described in the embodiment of the present application is the data structure of equipment management in linux kernel, passes through the character
Equipment can register the management equipment of reserved memory into kernel.In the present embodiment, character device is added to Linux system
Middle unified management.
Step S2039: the management equipment is marked to initialize using global variable.
The embodiment of the present application completes the setting work of the management equipment of reserved memory through the above steps, hereafter in Linux
Core saves kernel type information using method provided by the embodiments of the present application.
Step S105: according to the use state data, by kernel type information storage to the reserved memory
Buffer circle.
Referring to FIG. 6, its embodiment of the method step S105 for the preservation linux kernel type information of the embodiment of the present application
Specific flow chart.In the present embodiment, described according to the use state data, by kernel type information storage to institute
The buffer circle for stating reserved memory includes:
Step S1051: traversing each character of the kernel type information, and the tail pointer is written in the character and is directed toward
Memory address whether the ring of the reserved memory is judged according to the buffer circle of use state data full scale will
Whether shape buffer area has expired, if so, executing step S1052；If it is not, executing step 1053.
Step S1052: the tail pointer and the head pointer are respectively directed under the memory address respectively currently pointed to
One memory address；If the head pointer or the tail pointer are at the end of the buffer circle, in it next
Deposit the initial address that address is the buffer circle.
Step S1053: the use length of the buffer circle is added one, and judges that the use of the buffer circle is long
Whether degree is equal to the reservation length of the buffer circle；If so, the tail pointer to be directed toward to the annular of the reserved memory
The head pointer, is directed toward the next memory address for the memory address that it is currently pointed to by the initial address of buffer area, and by institute
Stating buffer circle, whether full scale will is set as having expired；If it is not, then with being directed toward memory that it is currently pointed to by the tail pointer
Next memory address of location.
The buffer circle of the method provided by the embodiments of the present application for saving linux kernel type information, reserved memory is real
Matter is log recording area, i.e., for recording the region of memory of kernel type information.In the present embodiment, which utilizes
The memory headroom of one piece of fixed size records kernel type information, i.e. kernel log.After first powering on, log recording area
Length is 0, and the head pointer and tail pointer in log recording area are directed to the stem of buffer circle.
In the present embodiment, when printing kernel type information, if it is less than to check buffer circle, character by character will
Kernel type information is written in buffer circle.The process of record is as follows: character is written to the tail pointer position in log recording area,
Simultaneously by tail pointer from increasing 1, length is also from increasing 1.When information is written, if buffer circle is not written full, tail pointer will not
Reach the tail portion of buffer circle.If tail pointer reaches the tail portion of buffer circle, illustrate that buffer circle is full, just
Start movement of returning, it may be assumed that tail pointer is assigned a value of the first address of buffer circle again, and head pointer is from increasing 1, at this time length
Size is area's size of buffer circle.
In the present embodiment, method further include:
Step S107: by kernel type information storage to the buffer area of the kernel.
The buffer circle of reserved memory described in the embodiment of the present application can save the kernel type information repeatedly started,
And the buffer area that linux kernel carries only retains the kernel type information of this starting.In the reservation of the embodiment of the present application maintenance
Depositing the printk buffer circle that buffer circle is carried with linux kernel can exist parallel, not interfere with each other.
Printk function is the simplified package to vprintk, and the operation that vprintk is realized is: passing through calling
Vscnprintf () function, the character string of the kernel type information of output is good by the formatting in fmt, it is put into printk_
In the kernel buffers buf, and the number for the character that export is returned to, i.e. formatting kernel type information.
In practical applications, under conditions of not destroying printk original code, by adding some places before vprintk
Reason can be realized described in the embodiment of the present application simultaneously on the basis of the mode of the original record kernel type information of Linux
Method.The processing added before vprintk includes: to judge whether the management equipment of reserved memory has been provided with；If so, will
Kernel type information is saved in the buffer circle of reserved memory, and the step vprintk that goes forward side by side enters original processing stream
Kernel type information is saved in the included buffer circle of kernel by journey simultaneously；If it is not, then calling directly vprintk entrance
The original process flow of linux records kernel type information using only the buffer circle that linux kernel carries.Wherein,
The included buffer contents of linux kernel can be lost because of the restarting of linux kernel, and in the case where not power down, it protects
Stay memory buffer circle content will not because of linux kernel restarting and disappear, it may be assumed that reserved memory can store more
The kernel type information of secondary starting.
In the present embodiment, method may also include that
The kernel type information: being displayed on the screen by step S109 by the management equipment, or will be described interior
Core type information stores hereof.
In the present embodiment, it after registering the management equipment record_util of reserved memory, will be looked into under/dev catalogue
See the equipment, such as :/dev/record_util directly keys in cat/dev/record_util just at linux shell
The content of reserved memory can be presented on the screen.
Optionally, kernel type information is stored hereof by output relocation loading mode, such as: in linux
Cat/dev/record_id > file can be directly used in shell, then is opened and checked file file.
The method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application for saving linux kernel type information, are not guided by setting
The internal storage management system of program and linux kernel distributes the reserved memory used, and passes through reserved memory management equipment for kernel
Type information is stored into the buffer circle of pre-set reserved memory, so that being able to record in case of constant power more
The kernel type information of secondary starting, avoids Multiprocessing and file write operation, improves what record repeatedly started to reach
The effect of the real-time of kernel type information.
In the above-described embodiment, a kind of method for saving linux kernel type information is provided, it is corresponding,
The embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of device for saving linux kernel type information.Fig. 6 is please referred to, is the embodiment of the present application
Preservation linux kernel type information Installation practice schematic diagram.Implement since Installation practice is substantially similar to method
Example, so describing fairly simple, the relevent part can refer to the partial explaination of embodiments of method.Device described below is implemented
Example is only schematical.
A kind of device of the preservation linux kernel type information of the present embodiment, comprising:
Receiving unit 101, for receiving kernel type information；
Acquiring unit 102, the use state data of the buffer circle for obtaining reserved memory；The reserved memory is
Refer to that bootstrap loading bootstrap starts the memory not being allocated again to it, including Head Section and buffer circle；The Head Section is deposited
The use state data of the buffer circle are stored up, the use state data include at least the loop buffer of the reserved memory
The use length and loop buffer of memory address, the memory address that tail pointer is directed toward, buffer circle that the head pointer in area is directed toward
Area's whether full scale will；The buffer circle of the reserved memory stores the kernel type information；
First storage unit 103, for according to the use state data, the kernel type information to be stored to described
The buffer circle of reserved memory.
Optionally, further includes:
Second storage unit, for storing the kernel type information to the buffer area of the kernel.
Optionally, further includes:
First setting unit, for reserved memory management equipment to be arranged, the management equipment refers in Linux device model
On the basis of realize for managing the character device of reserved memory；The management equipment includes at least the character of linux kernel
Device structure body, major device number, from device number, reserved memory pointer and buffer circle pointer, the reserved memory pointer refers to
To the initial address of the reserved memory, the buffer circle pointer is directed toward the starting of the buffer circle of the reserved memory
Address.
Optionally, further includes:
Second setting unit, for the reserved memory to be arranged.
Optionally, second setting unit includes:
Subelement is set, for the initial address and length of the reserved memory to be arranged；
First load subelement, for being transported at the first preset address by general boot program loads to physical memory
Row loads, runs memory headroom shared by the bootstrap and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory is not be overlapped；
Subelement is transmitted, in the linux kernel vectoring phase, the initial address of the reserved memory and length to be passed to
Linux kernel；
Second load subelement, runs for being loaded into the linux kernel at the second preset address of physical memory,
It loads memory headroom shared by the linux kernel and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory is not be overlapped；
Subelement is marked, is used for after initializing memory allocator bootmem, by memory headroom shared by the reserved memory
Labeled as having used.
Optionally, the transmitting subelement includes:
First transmitting subelement, for saving the initial address and length of the reserved memory using application specific architecture body；
Second transmitting subelement, for by general register, the initial address of the application specific architecture body to be passed to institute
State linux kernel.
Optionally, further includes:
Write back unit, for the initial address of the reserved memory to be saved in the pointer of the application specific architecture body；Institute
The pointer for stating structural body is global variable.
Optionally, first setting unit includes:
First establishes subelement, for establishing the management equipment；
Subelement is initialized, for initializing the management equipment；
Receiving subelement receives the starting for the reserved memory that bootstrap is sent for the character device structural body
Address and length；
The initial address of the reserved memory is assigned to institute for the character device structural body by the first assignment subunit
State reserved memory pointer；
Second establishes subelement, for the initial address and length of the reserved memory based on the received, establishes the guarantor
Stay the Head Section of memory and the buffer circle of the reserved memory；
Second assignment subunit, for the initial address of the buffer circle for the reserved memory established to be assigned to institute
State buffer circle pointer；
Third establishes subelement, beats for establishing the kernel stored in the buffer circle for obtaining the reserved memory
The interface of official seal breath；
Third assignment subunit, for the pointer assignment of the interface to be given to the file operation of the character device structural body
Reading function；
Registration subunit, for the character device structural body to be registered to the device management module of the linux kernel；
Be globalized subelement, for using global variable that the management equipment is marked to initialize.
Optionally, first storage unit 103 includes:
Ergodic judgement subelement will be described in character write-in for traversing each character of the kernel type information
Whether the memory address that tail pointer is directed toward judges the guarantor according to the buffer circle of use state data full scale will
Whether stay the buffer circle of memory has expired；
Judgement is subelement, for when the buffer circle of the reserved memory has been expired, then by the tail pointer and institute
State next memory address that head pointer is respectively directed to the memory address respectively currently pointed to；If the head pointer or the tail
For pointer at the end of the buffer circle, its next memory address is the initial address of the buffer circle；
No subelement is judged, for when the buffer circle of the reserved memory is less than, then by the buffer circle
Use length add one, and judge that the reservation for whether being equal to the buffer circle using length of the buffer circle is long
Degree；If so, the tail pointer to be directed toward to the initial address of the buffer circle of the reserved memory, the head pointer is directed toward
Next memory address of its memory address currently pointed to, and whether full scale will is set as by the buffer circle
It is full；If it is not, the tail pointer to be then directed toward to the next memory address for the memory address that it is currently pointed to.
Optionally, further includes:
Print unit, for being displayed on the screen the kernel type information by the management equipment, or by institute
State the storage of kernel type information hereof.
C language had both been able to satisfy the development efficiency of system, while can also protect as one of optimal language of operating system is realized
Demonstrate,prove the efficiency of the execution of code.The embodiment of the present application is realized using GNU C do not power off in the case of record the kernel repeatedly restarted
Type information.
Although the application is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not for limiting the application, any this field skill
Art personnel are not departing from spirit and scope, can make possible variation and modification, therefore the guarantor of the application
Shield range should be subject to the range that the claim of this application defined.
In a typical configuration, calculating equipment includes one or more processors (CPU), input/output interface, net
Network interface and memory.
Memory may include the non-volatile memory in computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and/or
The forms such as Nonvolatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM).Memory is computer-readable medium
Example.
1, computer-readable medium can be by any side including permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media
Method or technology realize that information stores.Information can be computer readable instructions, data structure, the module of program or other numbers
According to.The example of the storage medium of computer includes, but are not limited to phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory
(SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other kinds of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory
(ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory techniques, CD-ROM are read-only
Memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, tape magnetic disk storage or
Other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission medium, can be used for storage can be accessed by a computing device information.According to
Herein defines, and computer-readable medium does not include non-temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulates
Data-signal and carrier wave.
2, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as method, system or computers
Program product.Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can be used complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or combine software and hardware
The form of the embodiment of aspect.Moreover, it wherein includes that computer can use journey that the embodiment of the present application, which can be used in one or more,
Implement in the computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) of sequence code
Computer program product form.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of method for saving linux kernel type information characterized by comprising
Receive kernel type information；
Obtain the use state data of the buffer circle of reserved memory；The reserved memory refer to cannot be guided program and
The internal storage management system of linux kernel distributes the reserved memory used, including Head Section and buffer circle；The Head Section stores institute
The use state data of buffer circle are stated, the use state data include at least the buffer circle of the reserved memory
The memory address of head pointer direction, the memory address of tail pointer direction, the use length of buffer circle and buffer circle are
No full scale will；The buffer circle of the reserved memory stores the kernel type information；
According to the use state data, by the buffer circle of kernel type information storage to the reserved memory.
2. the method according to claim 1 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that further include:
By kernel type information storage to the buffer area of the kernel.
3. the method according to claim 1 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that in the reception
Before core type information, further includes:
Reserved memory management equipment is set, and the management equipment refers to that realizes on the basis of Linux device model is used to manage
Manage the character device of reserved memory；The management equipment includes at least the character device structural body of linux kernel, major device number,
From device number, reserved memory pointer and buffer circle pointer, the reserved memory pointer is directed toward the starting of the reserved memory
Address, the buffer circle pointer are directed toward the initial address of the buffer circle of the reserved memory.
4. the method according to claim 3 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that protected in the setting
Before staying memory management equipment, further includes:
The reserved memory is set.
5. the method according to claim 4 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that the setting retains
Memory includes:
The initial address and length of the reserved memory are set；
It will be run at first preset address of general boot program loads to physical memory, load, run the bootstrap
Shared memory headroom and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory be not be overlapped；
In the linux kernel vectoring phase, the initial address of the reserved memory and length are passed to linux kernel；
The linux kernel is loaded at the second preset address of physical memory and is run, loaded in shared by the linux kernel
It deposits space and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory is not be overlapped；
After initializing memory allocator bootmem, memory headroom shared by the reserved memory is labeled as having used.
6. the method according to claim 5 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that described by the guarantor
Stay memory initial address and length be passed to linux kernel include:
The initial address and length of the reserved memory are saved using application specific architecture body；
By general register, the initial address of the application specific architecture body is passed into the linux kernel.
7. the method according to claim 6 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that described by logical
Start the linux kernel after the initial address of the application specific architecture body is passed to the linux kernel with register
When executing head.s file in the process, further includes:
The initial address of the reserved memory is saved in the pointer of the application specific architecture body；The pointer of the application specific architecture body
It is global variable.
8. the method according to claim 3 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that the setting retains
Memory management equipment includes:
Establish the management equipment；
Initialize the management equipment；
The character device structural body receives the initial address and length for the reserved memory that bootstrap is sent；
The initial address of the reserved memory is assigned to the reserved memory pointer by the character device structural body；
The initial address and length of the reserved memory based on the received, is established in the Head Section and the reservation of the reserved memory
The buffer circle deposited；
The initial address of the buffer circle of the reserved memory of foundation is assigned to the buffer circle pointer；
Establish the interface of the kernel type information stored in the buffer circle for obtaining the reserved memory；
By the pointer assignment of the interface to the reading function of the file operation of the character device structural body；
The character device structural body is registered to the device management module of the linux kernel；
The management equipment is marked to initialize using global variable.
9. the method according to claim 1 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that described according to
Use state data, the buffer circle by the kernel type information storage to the reserved memory include:
The memory address that the tail pointer is directed toward, root is written in the character by each character for traversing the kernel type information
According to the buffer circle whether full scale will of the use state data, whether the buffer circle of the reserved memory is judged
It is full；
When the buffer circle of the reserved memory has been expired, the tail pointer and the head pointer are respectively directed to respectively current
Next memory address of the memory address of direction；If the head pointer or the tail pointer are at the end of the buffer circle
When tail, its next memory address is the initial address of the buffer circle；
When the buffer circle of the reserved memory is less than, the use length of the buffer circle is added one, and judge institute
State the reservation length for whether being equal to the buffer circle using length of buffer circle；If so, the tail pointer is referred to
To the initial address of the buffer circle of the reserved memory, the head pointer is directed toward under the memory address that it is currently pointed to
One memory address, and whether full scale will is set as having expired by the buffer circle；If it is not, then the tail pointer is directed toward
Next memory address of its memory address currently pointed to.
10. according to the described in any item methods for saving linux kernel type information of claim 3-9, which is characterized in that also wrap
It includes:
The kernel type information is displayed on the screen by the management equipment, or the kernel type information is stored
Hereof.
11. a kind of device for saving linux kernel type information characterized by comprising
Receiving unit, for receiving kernel type information；
Acquiring unit, the use state data of the buffer circle for obtaining reserved memory；The reserved memory refers to cannot
The internal storage management system for being guided program and linux kernel distributes the reserved memory used, including Head Section and buffer circle；Institute
The use state data that Head Section stores the buffer circle are stated, the use state data include at least the reserved memory
Memory address that the head pointer of buffer circle is directed toward, the memory address that tail pointer is directed toward, buffer circle use length and
Buffer circle whether full scale will；The buffer circle of the reserved memory stores the kernel type information；
First storage unit, for according to the use state data, the kernel type information to be stored into the reservation
The buffer circle deposited.
12. the device according to claim 11 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that further include:
Second storage unit, for storing the kernel type information to the buffer area of the kernel.
13. the device according to claim 11 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that further include:
First setting unit, for reserved memory management equipment to be arranged, the management equipment refers to the base in Linux device model
That realizes on plinth is used to manage the character device of reserved memory；The management equipment includes at least the character device of linux kernel
Structural body, major device number, from device number, reserved memory pointer and buffer circle pointer, the reserved memory pointer is directed toward institute
The initial address of reserved memory is stated, the buffer circle pointer is directed toward the starting point of the buffer circle of the reserved memory
Location.
14. the device according to claim 13 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that further include:
Second setting unit, for the reserved memory to be arranged.
15. the device according to claim 14 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that described second sets
Setting unit includes:
Subelement is set, for the initial address and length of the reserved memory to be arranged；
First load subelement adds for running at the first preset address by general boot program loads to physical memory
It carries, run memory headroom shared by the bootstrap and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory is not be overlapped；
Subelement is transmitted, in the linux kernel vectoring phase, the initial address of the reserved memory and length to be passed to
Linux kernel；
Second load subelement, runs, load for being loaded into the linux kernel at the second preset address of physical memory
Memory headroom shared by the linux kernel and memory headroom shared by the reserved memory be not be overlapped；
Subelement is marked, for after initializing memory allocator bootmem, memory headroom shared by the reserved memory to be marked
To have used.
16. the device according to claim 15 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that transmitting
Unit includes:
First transmitting subelement, for saving the initial address and length of the reserved memory using application specific architecture body；
Second transmitting subelement, for the initial address of the application specific architecture body being passed to described by general register
Linux kernel.
17. the device according to claim 16 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that further include:
Write back unit, for the initial address of the reserved memory to be saved in the pointer of the application specific architecture body；The knot
The pointer of structure body is global variable.
18. the device according to claim 13 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that described first sets
Setting unit includes:
First establishes subelement, for establishing the management equipment；
Subelement is initialized, for initializing the management equipment；
Receiving subelement receives the initial address for the reserved memory that bootstrap is sent for the character device structural body
And length；
The initial address of the reserved memory is assigned to the guarantor for the character device structural body by the first assignment subunit
Stay memory pointer；
Second establishes subelement, for the initial address and length of the reserved memory based on the received, establishes in the reservation
The buffer circle of the Head Section and the reserved memory deposited；
Second assignment subunit, for the initial address of the buffer circle for the reserved memory established to be assigned to the ring
Shape buffer pointer；
Third establishes subelement, for establishing the kernel stored in the buffer circle for obtaining the reserved memory printing letter
The interface of breath；
Third assignment subunit, for the reading by the pointer assignment of the interface to the file operation of the character device structural body
Function；
Registration subunit, for the character device structural body to be registered to the device management module of the linux kernel；
Be globalized subelement, for using global variable that the management equipment is marked to initialize.
19. the device according to claim 11 for saving linux kernel type information, which is characterized in that described first deposits
Storage unit includes:
The character is written the tail and referred to by Ergodic judgement subelement for traversing each character of the kernel type information
Whether the memory address that needle is directed toward judges in the reservation according to the buffer circle of use state data full scale will
Whether the buffer circle deposited has expired；
Judgement is subelement, for when the buffer circle of the reserved memory has been expired, the tail pointer and the head to be referred to
Needle is respectively directed to next memory address of the memory address respectively currently pointed to；If the head pointer or the tail pointer exist
When the end of the buffer circle, its next memory address is the initial address of the buffer circle；
No subelement is judged, for when the buffer circle of the reserved memory is less than, by the use of the buffer circle
Length adds one, and judges the reservation length for whether being equal to the buffer circle using length of the buffer circle；If so,
The tail pointer is then directed toward to the initial address of the buffer circle of the reserved memory, the head pointer is directed toward it and is currently referred to
To memory address next memory address, and whether full scale will is set as having expired by the buffer circle；If it is not, then
The tail pointer is directed toward to the next memory address for the memory address that it is currently pointed to.
20. the described in any item devices for saving linux kernel type information of 3-19 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also
Include:
Print unit, for the kernel type information to be displayed on the screen by the management equipment, or will it is described in
Core type information stores hereof.
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| CN113253956B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-26 | 北京辰光信安电子有限公司 | Print file processing method and device |
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