CN105652370B - A kind of router topology based on micro-ring resonator and array waveguide grating - Google Patents
A kind of router topology based on micro-ring resonator and array waveguide grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN105652370B CN105652370B CN201610052067.9A CN201610052067A CN105652370B CN 105652370 B CN105652370 B CN 105652370B CN 201610052067 A CN201610052067 A CN 201610052067A CN 105652370 B CN105652370 B CN 105652370B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12007—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
- G02B6/12009—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer comprising arrayed waveguide grating [AWG] devices, i.e. with a phased array of waveguides
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Abstract
A kind of router topology based on micro-ring resonator and array waveguide grating, including fiber coupler and array waveguide grating；The input port of the fiber coupler connects n input optical fibre, and the output port of fiber coupler connects m output optical fibre；The input port of the array waveguide grating connects m input optical fibre, and the m output optical fibre of the m input optical fibre and fiber coupler intersects placement, therebetween it is not in contact with each other, two optical fiber of micro-ring resonator of the setting with different coupling frequencies at the crossover location of optical fiber, micro-ring resonator and crossover location contact with each other；The output port of the array waveguide grating connects m output optical fibre；The m, n are positive integer.The present invention reduces swap time, the time delay bottleneck mostly important for optical packet switching is breached, the performance of whole network is improved, realizes the communication of any input port to any output port.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of data transmission, and in particular to a kind of routing based on micro-ring resonator and array waveguide grating
Device structure.
Background technique
Cloud computing and the Internet application largely occurred result in the explosive increase of data center network flow, therefore
Data center network needs the interchanger with high bandwidth to be supported.And traditional data center based on electric packet switch
Network, because the growth of flow causes energy consumption sharply to increase, while traditional electric packet switch rate-constrained is in the prior art
The bottleneck of development, to be unable to satisfy the performance requirement of data center.Therefore, optical-fiber network is handled up due to its height, low time delay, low energy
The characteristics of consumption, it obtains extensive concern in the application of data center, and the core of data center's optical-fiber network is then optical routing
The design of device.
Current optical router structure is mostly based on array waveguide grating (Arrayed Waveguide Grating) or micro-
Mechatronic Systems interchanger (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Switches).
Since MEMS interchanger is to establish link connection input and output by rotating mirror surface based on microswitch
Port, therefore based on the optical router setup time of MEMS interchanger in Microsecond grade, be only applicable to optical circuit exchange and
It cannot achieve optical packet switching.More quick exchange process then may be implemented in optical router based on array waveguide grating.
Data center's optical switch (Datacenter Optical Switch) [1] is a kind of based on array waveguide grating
Full light network framework, as shown in Figure 1, array waveguide grating realized in framework as optical switch area of light wavelength exchange,
And may be implemented at the same more to one communication.Entire architecture for exchanging includes one group of wavelength shifter, an array waveguide grating
With a loopback shared buffer memory.Transformation by configuring wavelength shifter progress wavelength may be implemented any defeated in entire framework
Enter the communication between output port.Wavelength shifter is then controlled by controller according to the information that optical label extractor extracts
System.Controller is also responsible for the contention resolved of wavelength other than control wavelength shifter adjustment wavelength.Communication process is as follows: first
First, the light packet that interchanger sends underlying services device converges.Later, optical label extractor passes through the tag extraction of grouping
Be sent into controller after photoelectric conversion, controller then according to the information in the label of grouping, such as destination port, block length,
Be at war with judgement, and controlling wavelength shifter adjustment wavelength later makes grouping that can reach destination after array waveguide grating
Mouthful.Since the receiver quantity of output port limits, so if multiple wavelength reach an output port simultaneously, will lead to
Obstruction occurs, therefore the framework sets up a loopback shared buffer memory to store the wavelength of these conflicts, then retransmits again.
The major defect of data center's optical switch framework is that packet switch each time requires to be determined by control layer
Plan, the decision of controller is rhythmic, and controller can only carry out a decision in each period.Therefore, work as network flow
When amount increases, each grouping requires controller and carries out decision, and the average waiting delay being grouped in this way will quickly increase.
To realize optical packet switching, then entire decision process, includes tag extraction, photoelectric conversion, decision-making treatment, control
Information processed the movements such as issues and must be fully completed within the very short time, therefore the concentration in data center's optical switch framework
Formula control mode constrains the performance of entire data center's optical switch framework.In addition, being needed constantly since it caches part
Photoelectricity, electro-optic conversion are carried out, biggish packet delay is likewise suffered from.
[1]X.Ye,et al.,“DOS-A scalable optical switch for datacenters,”in
Architectures for Networking and Communications Systems(ANCS),2010ACM/IEEE
Symposium on,vol.1,no.12,pp.25-26 Oct.2010.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to be directed to above-mentioned the problems of the prior art, provide a kind of based on micro-ring resonator and array
The router topology of waveguide optical grating can reduce time delay, promotes switching performance, realizes any input port to any output port
Communication.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
Including fiber coupler and array waveguide grating；The input port of the fiber coupler connects n input light
The output port of fibre, fiber coupler connects m output optical fibre；The input port connection m item input of the array waveguide grating
Optical fiber, and the m output optical fibre of the m input optical fibre and fiber coupler intersects placement, is not in contact with each other therebetween, optical fiber
Two optical fiber of micro-ring resonator of the setting with different coupling frequencies at crossover location, micro-ring resonator and crossover location are mutual
Contact；The output port of the array waveguide grating connects m output optical fibre；The m, n are positive integer.
The micro-ring resonator, along the direction of input to output, is arranged in fiber coupling at the crossover location of optical fiber
The rear of device output optical fibre, and the top of array waveguide grating input optical fibre is set.
Micro-ring resonator uses the broadband that the multiple wavelength signals of different frequency can be coupled simultaneously to and are passed to another optical fiber micro-
Ring resonator.
The broadband micro-ring resonator uses perpendicular coupling structure, the coupling frequency of micro-ring resonator and its ring structure
The relationship of diameter is P λ=neffectL, wherein λ is wavelength, and P is positive integer, neffectFor micro-loop material coefficient, L is ring structure
Diameter.
The micro-ring resonator of the difference coupling frequency has m factorial kind arrangement mode.
The fiber coupler and array waveguide grating is all made of passive type device.
The fiber coupler is to use waveguide type n × m coupler made of molten daraf(reciprocal of farad), can be by n input port
The multiple wavelength signals inputted in the middle merge, and the signal after merging is issued from multiple output ports simultaneously.
Fiber coupler includes SC fiber coupler, FC fiber coupler, LC fiber coupler and ST fiber coupler.
The array waveguide grating uses aokang AWG type array waveguide grating.
The wavelength of n input optical fibre of the fiber coupler input port connection is different.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is with following the utility model has the advantages that the wavelength signals in n input optical fibre pass through light
It sends all wavelengths signal of input in m output optical fibre after fine coupler, therefore this m output optical fibre includes identical
Wavelength signals.According to the corresponding router purpose output port of wavelength signals, control system controls microring resonator array
Switch opens micro-ring resonator for corresponding wavelength and is coupled into corresponding array waveguide grating input port, subsequent Waveguide array
Wavelength signals are sent to purpose output port by grating.The present invention utilizes fiber coupler, micro-ring resonator and Waveguide array
The structure of grating composition, optical router wavelength convert and control decision part instead of tradition based on array waveguide grating, from
And it avoids and extracts packet label information in traditional optical router based on array waveguide grating, carry out photoelectric conversion, at decision
It manages, issue the complex processes such as control information, adjustment wavelength shifter, for optical packet switching, the time overhead of the process is huge,
Where being the bottleneck of data center's optical switch architecture for exchanging performance, therefore The present invention reduces swap time, breach for
The mostly important time delay bottleneck of optical packet switching, improves the performance of whole network.The m item of fiber coupler output port connection
The m input optical fibre that output optical fibre is connect with array waveguide grating input port intersects placement, is not in contact with each other therebetween, optical fiber
Crossover location at setting have different coupling frequencies micro-ring resonator, two optical fiber phases of micro-ring resonator and crossover location
Mutually contact, identical coupling frequency is all not present in the micro-ring resonator that every each column of a line are placed, to avoid micro-ring resonator coupling
In the wavelength exchange process of conjunction, identical wavelength is transferred in the same root optical fiber of array waveguide grating input port and generates
Conflict, and guarantee that any wavelength signals can reach any input port of array waveguide grating.
Further, the m output optical fibre and array waveguide grating that the present invention is connected in fiber coupler output port are defeated
Broadband micro-ring resonator is set at m input optical fibre crossover location of inbound port connection, since narrowband micro-ring resonator cannot make
Path turns to when wavelength signals pass through optical fiber, and broadband micro-ring resonator has multiple resonance frequencies, therefore when broadband is micro-
After ring resonator is opened, multiple wavelength signals in optical fiber with identical frequency can be coupled into micro-ring resonator simultaneously,
And it is passed to another optical fiber, micro-ring resonator usage quantity can be saved in this way, and is improved the integrated level of router and led to
Believe efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 data center optical switch structural schematic diagram；
The overall schematic of Fig. 2 router topology of the present invention；
The operation principle schematic diagram of the narrowband Fig. 3 micro-ring resonator；
The operation principle schematic diagram of the broadband Fig. 4 micro-ring resonator；
Fig. 5 micro-ring resonator m m matrix placement schematic diagram；
In attached drawing: 1- fiber coupler；2- array waveguide grating；3- micro-ring resonator.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention includes fiber coupler 1 and array waveguide grating 2 in structure.Fiber coupler 1
Input port connects n input optical fibre, and 1-n is the label of optical fiber, and the output port of fiber coupler 1 connects m output optical fibre,
The input port of array waveguide grating 2 connects m input optical fibre, and the m item of the m input optical fibre and fiber coupler 1 exports
Optical fiber, which intersects, to be placed, and is not in contact with each other therebetween, setting has the micro-ring resonant of different coupling frequencies at the crossover location of optical fiber
Device 3, micro-ring resonator 3 and two optical fiber of crossover location contact with each other.Micro-ring resonator 3 is at the crossover location of optical fiber, edge
The rear of 1 output optical fibre of fiber coupler is arranged in the direction of input to output, is arranged in 2 input optical fibre of array waveguide grating
Top.The output port of array waveguide grating 2 connects m output optical fibre, and wherein m, n are positive integer.1 basis of light coupling device
The particular number of input port and output port uses n × m size, and array waveguide grating uses m × m size.
Assuming that the wavelength period of each broadband micro-ring resonator coupling is m, the wavelength that broadband micro-ring resonator can couple
Be 1, can also coupled wavelength 1+m, wavelength 1+2m etc., it is same wave in order to prevent that micro-ring resonator 3, which has different coupling frequencies,
It grows and occurs in same root optical fiber, to cause conflict.
Referring to Fig. 3,4, two optical fiber of micro-ring resonator, which intersect, to be placed, but is not contacted with each other, therefore two light
Fibre is simultaneously not communicated with.Narrowband micro-ring resonator in figure and the placement that contacts with each other respectively with two optical fiber intersected.Symbol in figure
For the sign flag of different wave length.Dotted line in optical fiber and micro-ring resonator indicates wavelength signals.In narrowband micro-ring resonator, two
The optical fiber that root intersects is not connected to, therefore wavelength signals can will not be turned to by path when optical fiber along spread fiber.When narrow
Band micro-ring resonator is opened, when the wavelength signals transmitted in optical fiber are identical as the resonance wavelength of micro-ring resonator, the wavelength signals
By that can be coupled by micro-ring resonator when micro-ring resonator, by narrowband micro-ring resonator, the wavelength signals will be conducted into another
Optical fiber.Broadband micro-ring resonant is worked as since broadband micro-ring resonator has multiple resonance frequencies for broadband micro-ring resonator
After device is opened, the multiple wavelength signals with identical frequency transmitted in optical fiber can be coupled into micro-ring resonator simultaneously, and
It is passed to another optical fiber.Broadband micro-ring resonator uses perpendicular coupling structure, the coupling frequency of broadband micro-ring resonator and its ring
The integral multiple of shape diameter of movement is related, and compared with narrowband micro-ring resonator, the ring structure diameter of broadband micro-ring resonator is bigger.
Referring to Fig. 5, the broadband micro-loop that the different elements representative of micro-ring resonator m m matrix can couple different wave length is humorous
Shake device, and matrix is carried out column exchange and is capable of forming different wavelength matrixes, can form m altogether！(m factorial) plants arrangement mode.It is wide
Two optical fiber with micro-ring resonator and crossover location contact with each other, and the micro-ring resonator that every each column of a line are placed all is not present
Identical coupling frequency, avoid micro-ring resonator couple wavelength exchange process in, identical wavelength is transferred to Waveguide array
Conflict is generated in the same root optical fiber of grating input port, and guarantees that any wavelength signals can reach array waveguide grating and appoint
Meaning input port.
The All-optical switching machine that the present invention uses have n input port and m output port, n and m according to network condition oneself
Row setting.N optical fiber of interchanger input port is connected, every optical fiber may include multiple wavelength.But in order to avoid conflicting,
Different optical fiber cannot include identical wavelength.Wavelength signals in n optical fiber pass through fiber coupler 1 for all waves of input
Long signal is sent in m optical fiber, therefore this m root optical fiber includes identical wavelength signals.According to the corresponding routing of wavelength signals
Device purpose output port, control system control the switch of 3 array of micro-ring resonator, open micro-ring resonator 3 for respective wavelength coupling
It closes into corresponding 2 input port of array waveguide grating, wavelength signals are sent to purpose output end by subsequent array waveguide grating 2
Mouthful.
The structure that the present invention is formed using low energy consumption Passive Optical Components and micro-ring resonator is based on array wave instead of tradition
The optical router wavelength convert of guide grating and control decision part.Optical routing so as to avoid tradition based on array waveguide grating
Complex process in device (extracts packet label information, carries out photoelectric conversion, decision-making treatment, issuing control information, adjustment wavelength turns
Parallel operation etc.), therefore reduce swap time and breach the time delay bottleneck mostly important for optical packet switching, improve entire net
The performance of network.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of router topology based on micro-ring resonator and array waveguide grating, it is characterised in that: including fiber coupler
(1) and array waveguide grating (2)；The input port of the fiber coupler (1) connects n input optical fibre, fiber coupler
(1) output port connects m output optical fibre；The fiber coupler (1) is using waveguide type n × m made of molten daraf(reciprocal of farad)
Coupler can merge the multiple wavelength signals inputted in n input port, and by the signal after merging simultaneously from more
A output port issues；The input port of the array waveguide grating (2) connects m input optical fibre, and the m input optical fibre with
M output optical fibre of fiber coupler (1), which intersects, to be placed, and is not in contact with each other therebetween, setting has at the crossover location of optical fiber
The micro-ring resonator (3) of different coupling frequencies, micro-ring resonator (3) and two optical fiber of crossover location contact with each other；The battle array
The output port of train wave guide grating (2) connects m output optical fibre；The m, n are positive integer；The micro-ring resonator (3)
At the crossover location of optical fiber, along the direction of input to output, it is arranged at the rear of fiber coupler (1) output optical fibre, and
It is arranged in the top of array waveguide grating (2) input optical fibre；Micro-ring resonator (3) uses can be by the multiple wavelength signals of different frequency
Couple and be passed to simultaneously the broadband micro-ring resonator of another optical fiber；The broadband micro-ring resonator uses perpendicular coupling structure,
The coupling frequency of micro-ring resonator and the relationship of its ring structure diameter are P λ=neffectL, wherein λ is wavelength, and P is positive integer,
neffectFor micro-loop material coefficient, L is ring structure diameter；N input optical fibre of fiber coupler (1) input port connection
Wavelength is different, and m output optical fibre includes identical wavelength signals, according to the corresponding router purpose output port of wavelength signals,
The switch of micro-ring resonator (3) array is controlled, micro-ring resonator (3) is opened by respective wavelength and is coupled into corresponding Waveguide array light
Wavelength signals are sent to purpose output port by grid (2) input port, array waveguide grating (2)；
The micro-ring resonator (3) of the difference coupling frequency has m factorial kind arrangement mode；
The fiber coupler (1) and array waveguide grating (2) is all made of passive type device.
2. the router topology according to claim 1 based on micro-ring resonator and array waveguide grating, it is characterised in that:
Fiber coupler (1) includes SC fiber coupler, FC fiber coupler, LC fiber coupler and ST fiber coupler.
3. the router topology according to claim 1 based on micro-ring resonator and array waveguide grating, it is characterised in that:
The array waveguide grating (2) uses aokang AWG type array waveguide grating.
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| CN103442311A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2013-12-11 | 西安电子科技大学 | Optical network-on-chip system supporting multicast communication |
| CN103535050A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2014-01-22 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | Adaptive waveguide optical switching system and method |
| CN104459879A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-03-25 | 东南大学 | Silicon-based microring polarization demultiplexer |
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| US20120045167A1 (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-02-23 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Multi-Tier Micro-Ring Resonator Optical Interconnect System |
| WO2012109858A1 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-08-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical switching device and signal switching system |
| CN104317005A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-28 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Wavelength choice photoswitch based on tunable micro-ring resonators |
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| CN103535050A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2014-01-22 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | Adaptive waveguide optical switching system and method |
| CN103442311A (en) * | 2013-08-31 | 2013-12-11 | 西安电子科技大学 | Optical network-on-chip system supporting multicast communication |
| CN104459879A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-03-25 | 东南大学 | Silicon-based microring polarization demultiplexer |
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