CN105648336B - 一种耐冲击合金铸钢及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐冲击合金铸钢及其制备方法，所述耐冲击合金铸钢由以下化学成分按重量百分比组成：碳0.08‑0.28％、硅1.6‑2.0％、锰0.25‑0.75％、铜1.5‑1.85％、铬2.1‑2.5％、钼2.1‑2.4％、铋0.09‑0.12％、钛0.3‑0.6％、钒0.25‑0.40％、稀土0.03‑0.04％、镁0.10‑0.20％、硼0.10‑0.17％、不可避免的杂质≤0.03％、余量为铁。与现有技术相比，本发明通过合理设置配比、生产工艺和投放次序，形成的合金铸钢具有较好的综合力学性能，尤其具有强耐冲击性能，可以显著延长合金铸钢寿命，降低机械的损坏率，增加了安全系数；同时本发明精炼剂用于合金铸钢铸造生产，明显提高成品率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及铸钢技术领域，具体是一种耐冲击合金铸钢及其制备方法。
背景技术
铸钢是在凝固过程中不经历共晶转变的用于生产铸件的铁基合金总称，铸造合金的一种。铸钢是以铁、碳为主要元素的合金，碳含量0-2％。目前为止铸钢分为铸造碳钢、铸造低合金钢和铸造特种钢三类。
合金钢的发展已经有一百多年的历史了，到目前为止，多种多样的合金钢在工业上被应用，主要有以下类型：调质钢、弹簧钢、工具钢、高速钢、模具钢、高中低碳合金钢等，目前为止，虽然合金钢技术得到很大发展，但是，仍存在对于具有抗冲击强度、耐磨度、硬度、防锈性能、耐腐蚀性能、耐高低温性能、脆性、韧性、成本等不能兼顾，在很多场合还不能满足生产的要求，还需要进一步改进，以提高生产效率，降低成本，提高安全性，为高精尖技术发展提供保障，为社会发展提供动力，任务还很艰巨。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种耐冲击合金铸钢及其制备方法。
为实现所述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种耐冲击合金铸钢及其制备方法，所述耐冲击合金铸钢由以下化学成分按重量百分比组成：碳0.08-0.28％、硅1.6-2.0％、锰0.25-0.75％、铜1.5-1.85％、铬2.1-2.5％、钼2.1-2.4％、铋0.09-0.12％、钛0.3-0.6％、钒0.25-0.40％、稀土0.03-0.04％、镁0.10-0.20％、硼0.10-0.17％、不可避免的杂质≤0.03％、余量为铁。
一种耐冲击合金铸钢及其制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将生铁与废铁按3:1比例投入高温熔炼炉中熔化作为铁基质来源，将配料碳钢加入高温熔炼炉中加热熔化形成钢液；
(2)取样并对上述钢液中的碳、锰、硅、铬、铋、钼、铜和镍元素含量进行分析，然后根据需要向所述钢液中加入配料锰铁合金、硅铁合金、铬铁合金、钼铁合金、镍铁合金和铜；
(3)将上述得到的再依次进行脱硫、脱氧、合金化、采用精炼剂精炼，得到熔融的合金钢液；
(4)将熔融后的合金钢液冲入含钛、钒、稀土和镁的铁合金配料的钢包内，使得碳、锰、硅、铬、钼、铜、镍、钛、钒、稀土和镁的含量均在所述含量范围之内，然后将上述钢液进行浇铸，将浇铸得到的铸件进行等温淬火处理，即得到所述耐冲击合金铸钢。
所述的合金化过程中向熔炼炉内投入合金元素的批次顺序为硼、铝、锰、钼、钨、钛、铬、镍、铜，各批次投入元素的时间间隔为5-8分钟，投料后搅拌均匀。
所述不可避免的杂质包括硫和磷，且在所述耐冲击合金铸钢中，硫元素的重量百分比含量小于0.04％，磷元素的重量百分比含量小于0.06％。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：通过合理设置配比、生产工艺和投放次序，形成的合金铸钢具有较好的综合力学性能，尤其具有强耐冲击性能，可以显著延长合金铸钢寿命，降低机械的损坏率，增加了安全系数；同时本发明精炼剂用于合金铸钢铸造生产，明显提高成品率。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种耐冲击合金铸钢及其制备方法，所述耐冲击合金铸钢由以下化学成分按重量百分比组成：碳0.08-0.28％、硅1.6-2.0％、锰0.25-0.75％、铜1.5-1.85％、铬2.1-2.5％、钼2.1-2.4％、铋0.09-0.12％、钛0.3-0.6％、钒0.25-0.40％、稀土0.03-0.04％、镁0.10-0.20％、硼0.10-0.17％、不可避免的杂质≤0.03％、余量为铁。
一种耐冲击合金铸钢及其制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将生铁与废铁按3:1比例投入高温熔炼炉中熔化作为铁基质来源，将配料碳钢加入高温熔炼炉中加热熔化形成钢液；
(2)取样并对上述钢液中的碳、锰、硅、铬、铋、钼、铜和镍元素含量进行分析，然后根据需要向所述钢液中加入配料锰铁合金、硅铁合金、铬铁合金、钼铁合金、镍铁合金和铜；
(3)将上述得到的再依次进行脱硫、脱氧、合金化、采用精炼剂精炼，得到熔融的合金钢液；
(4)将熔融后的合金钢液冲入含钛、钒、稀土和镁的铁合金配料的钢包内，使得碳、锰、硅、铬、钼、铜、镍、钛、钒、稀土和镁的含量均在所述含量范围之内，然后将上述钢液进行浇铸，将浇铸得到的铸件进行等温淬火处理，即得到所述耐冲击合金铸钢。
所述的合金化过程中向熔炼炉内投入合金元素的批次顺序为硼、铝、锰、钼、钨、钛、铬、镍、铜，各批次投入元素的时间间隔为5-8分钟，投料后搅拌均匀。
所述不可避免的杂质包括硫和磷，且在所述耐冲击合金铸钢中，硫元素的重量百分比含量小于0.04％，磷元素的重量百分比含量小于0.06％。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于所述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是所述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (3)
1.一种耐冲击合金铸钢，其特征在于，所述耐冲击合金铸钢由以下化学成分按重量百分比组成：碳0.08-0.28％、硅1.6-2.0％、锰0.25-0.75％、铜1.5-1.85％、铬2.1-2.5％、钼2.1-2.4％、铋0.09-0.12％、钛0.3-0.6％、钒0.25-0.40％、稀土0.03-0.04％、镁0.10-0.20％、硼0.10-0.17％、不可避免的杂质≤0.03％、余量为铁；制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将生铁与废铁按3:1比例投入高温熔炼炉中熔化作为铁基质来源，将配料碳钢加入高温熔炼炉中加热熔化形成钢液；
(2)取样并对上述钢液中的碳、锰、硅、铬、铋、钼、铜和镍元素含量进行分析，然后根据需要向所述钢液中加入配料锰铁合金、硅铁合金、铬铁合金、钼铁合金、镍铁合金和铜；
(3)将上述得到的再依次进行脱硫、脱氧、合金化、采用精炼剂精炼，得到熔融的合金钢液；
(4)将熔融后的合金钢液冲入含钛、钒、稀土和镁的铁合金配料的钢包内，使得碳、锰、硅、铬、钼、铜、镍、钛、钒、稀土和镁的含量均在所述含量范围之内，然后将上述钢液进行浇铸，将浇铸得到的铸件进行等温淬火处理，即得到所述耐冲击合金铸钢。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐冲击合金铸钢的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的合金化过程中向熔炼炉内投入合金元素的批次顺序为硼、铝、锰、钼、钨、钛、铬、镍、铜，各批次投入元素的时间间隔为5-8分钟，投料后搅拌均匀。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐冲击合金铸钢的制备方法，其特征在于：所述不可避免的杂质包括硫和磷，且在所述耐冲击合金铸钢中，硫元素的重量百分比含量小于0.04％，磷元素的重量百分比含量小于0.06％。
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