CN105647137A - 3D printing polylactic acid /leather powder composite materials and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
3D printing polylactic acid /leather powder composite materials and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105647137A CN105647137A CN201410690528.6A CN201410690528A CN105647137A CN 105647137 A CN105647137 A CN 105647137A CN 201410690528 A CN201410690528 A CN 201410690528A CN 105647137 A CN105647137 A CN 105647137A
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Abstract
3D printing polylactic acid/leather powder composite materials comprise the components in parts by weight: 70-85 parts of polylactic acid, 1-5 parts of a chain extender, 1-5 parts of a coupling agent, 0.5-1 part of a nucleating agent, 0-25 parts of leather powder, 5-10 parts of a flexibilizer, 1-5 parts of a reinforcing agent, and 0-0.1 part of an antioxidant. According to the 3D printing polylactic acid/leather powder composite materials, an in-situ melt grafting blending technology is utilized, polylactic acid is subjected to modified processing, the toughness, the impact strength and the heat distortion temperature of the polylactic acid are improved to a large extent, a series of 3D printing polylactic acid/leather powder composite materials which can be completely biodegradable are prepared, and thus the polylactic acid can have wider application prospects in 3D printing materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of 3D printed material and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of 3D and print polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
3D printing technique is also known as increasing material manufacturing technology, it is actually a kind of emerging technology in rapid shaping field, it is a kind of based on mathematical model file, use powdery metal or plastics etc. can jointing material, carried out the technology of constructed object by the mode successively printed. Ultimate principle is layered manufacturing, successively increases material and generates the technology of 3D solid. At present, 3D printing technique is applied primarily to product prototype, Making mold and the field such as artistic creation, jewelry-making, substitutes the retrofit technique that these tradition rely on. It addition, 3D printing technique is applied to the fields such as medical science, biological engineering, building, clothing, aviation gradually, open up wide space for innovation.
Melted extrusion modeling forming technique (FDM) is a kind of technical matters conventional in 3D printing technique, principle is to utilize thermoplastic, polymeric materials in the molten state, squeezing out from shower nozzle, solidification forms the thin layer of contour shape, is further layering and ultimately forms product. The polymeric material that melted extrusion modeling forming technique is more common in the market is acrylonitrile one butadiene one styrene copolymer (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), nylon (PA) and Merlon (PC), wherein polylactic acid is material the most popular to people, is also one of the most promising biodegradable polymer.
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a kind of Biodegradable aliphatic polyester aggregated into by lactic acid because of it, and lactic acid can be obtained through natural fermented by the Resource recovery of rich in starch and saccharide. PLA under field conditions (factors) can degradable one-tenth CO2And H2O, meets the requirement to polymeric material of the 3D printing technique, and has more excellent physical property in engineering plastics application aspect. But PLA material also exists cost height, degree of crystallinity is less, ester bond bond energy is little in strand, it is easy to the factor of fracture causes some defects such as the heat distortion temperature of polylactic acid is low, impact strength is low, toughness is bad, greatly limit the range of application of PLA.
As modified capital equipment, there is the extent of reaction on the one hand inadequate, the shortcoming that reaction efficiency is low, modifying agent utilization rate is low in traditional polylactic acid modified most employing extruder; There is also under the Strong shear power effect of high temperature and screw rod on the other hand, the strand of polylactic acid is easy to fracture degraded, thus, carry out with double screw extruder polylactic acid modified while, also can the performance such as the impact strength of a degree of reduction polylactic acid, thermostability, cause modified effect unsatisfactory, be more not suitable for use in the 3D material printed.
For solving this problem, numerous scholars are devoted to the study on the modification to PLA, such as utilize montmorillonite, CNT, natural fiber (wood powder, bamboo powder etc.) and other kinds of high polymer that PLA is carried out physical modification, to improve the mechanical property of PLA or to reduce its production cost. But utilize the natural organic fiber such as such as corium farinosum that the research that PLA is modified is very few.
Poly-lactic acid material is wanted to be widely used in 3D printing technique, the toughness of polylactic acid, impact strength, heat distortion temperature modified raising should as primary modified object. Single performance boost can not meet the 3D printing technique performance requirement to poly-lactic acid material, and the condition of modified-reaction is also the key factor affecting modified effect and last performance.
Corium farinosum is a kind of wear-resisting and pliable and tough biomaterial, it is possible to by the method for mechanical activation comminution, animal's leather tanning is obtained. As the succedaneum of a kind of potential inorganic fibrous fillers, corium farinosum fiber has recyclable, low cost, low-density, to producing the advantages such as equipment attrition is little, has a extensive future. So, the PLA composite that research is filling modifying agent with corium farinosum is a brand-new research direction.
Summary of the invention
Printing poly-lactic acid material for current 3D and have that impact strength is low, the defect of poor toughness, poor heat resistance, the present invention proposes a kind of 3D and prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof. For achieving the above object, the present invention utilizes original position fusion-grafting blending technology that the modifying agent such as coupling agent, chain extender, nucleator carry out with polylactic acid blended, grafting, coupling modifier under mutually collaborative effect, then through pelletize, drawing process technology, it is prepared for a series of totally biodegradable and is suitable for the polylactic acid of 3D printing technique.
One 3D of the present invention prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that its each component is calculated as by weight:
Polylactic acid 70-85 part,
Chain extender 1-5 part,
Coupling agent 0-2 part,
Toughener 5-10 part,
Nucleator 0.5-1 part,
Corium farinosum 0-25 part,
Reinforcing agent 1-5 part,
Antioxidant 0-0.1 part,
In the present invention, described polylactic acid is the molecular weight polylactic acid more than 100,000;
In the present invention, described chain extender is the one in many methyl diisocyanate, two butanol diisocyanate, hexanediol diisocyanate;
In the present invention, described coupling agent is silane coupling agent vinyl triethoxysilane (KBE-1003) and 3-glycidylpropyl triethoxysilane (KBM-403);
In the present invention, described toughener is; The one of POE-DF610 and POE-8800D;
In the present invention, described nucleator is the one in montmorillonite, Pulvis Talci;
In the present invention, described corium farinosum is tanned useless Corii Bovis seu Bubali, and in threadiness after mechanical activation comminution, granularity is 40 order about;
In the present invention, described reinforcing agent is the one in nano silicon, nano-calcium carbonate, it is preferable that nano silicon;
In the present invention, described antioxidant is composite antioxidant, and composite antioxidant is made up of primary antioxidant 300 and auxiliary antioxidant 168.
The present invention proposes a kind of 3D and prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof, and its concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1) surface treatment process of corium farinosum
Corium farinosum is equipped with in the there-necked flask of appropriate dimethylbenzene with silane coupler KBM-403 according to 50:1 ratio, ultrasonic 20min, this system is placed in 120 DEG C of oil baths and reacts 7h, then decompression distills out dimethylbenzene, the corium farinosum obtained is put in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, placing 24h, it is standby that taking-up is placed in hermetic container.
(2) polylactic acid of 70-85 weight portion, the chain extender of 1-5 part, the coupling agent of 0-2 part, the nucleator of 0.5-1 part, the corium farinosum of 0-25 part, 1-5 part reinforcing agent, 0-0.1 part antioxidant are joined in torque rheometer, being 180 DEG C in temperature, the rotating speed of torque rheometer (model: HAPROrfveometer) is sufficiently mixed discharging after griding reaction 0.5-1h when being 50rpm.
(3) by the toughener single screw extrusion machine mixing extruding pelletization of the compound that obtains in step (2) with 5-10 part, the material time in an extruder is less than 3min, single screw extrusion machine screw diameter is 75mm, draw ratio is 20:1, and extruder temperature is set as successively: 170-180 DEG C, 175-185 DEG C, 185-195 DEG C, 190-200 DEG C, 185-190 DEG C, die head temperature 205-215 DEG C.
The present invention under cryogenic, utilizes ball mill to be pulverized and mixed reaction technology, makes chain extender, cross-linking agent, low-molecular weight polymer and polylactic acid carry out chain extension and cross-linking reaction, polylactic acid is modified, and chain extension and crosslinking degree are deep, modifying agent utilization rate is high; And nucleator, reinforcing agent, antioxidant are uniformly dispersed in polylactic acid system, reach synergistic effect, polylactic acid is modified; Thus when not using double screw extruder to extrude, effect not past high temperature, high shear force, ensure that polylactic acid molecule chain integrity, polylactic acid self performance does not decline, the effect of modifying agent all displays, so the toughness of polydactyl acid, impact strength and heat distortion temperature are remarkably improved.
What the present invention highlighted is characterized in that:
(1) utilize solvent method that silane coupler can be made to be grafted on the molecule of corium farinosum; Utilize original position fusion-grafting technology can prepare a series of performance totally biodegradable and be suitable for the advanced composite material (ACM) of 3D printing technique.
(2) surface treatment of corium farinosum and PLA fusion-grafting cause and there occurs chemical reaction between polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite, thus the interfacial force that improve between corium farinosum and matrix resin, promote corium farinosum dispersion in matrix resin, have impact on the crystallization behavior of PLA, improve the mechanical performance of composite.
(3) modified polylactic acid material of the present invention has good toughness, impact strength and heat distortion temperature, and the product quality printed by 3D printing technique is high, heat-resisting, shock-resistant, intensity is high.
(4) production cost of the present invention is low, and production process is simple, it is easy to industrialized production.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail, but this should not being interpreted as, the scope of the present invention is only limitted to Examples below. When without departing from said method thought of the present invention, the various replacements made according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means or change, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) surface treatment process of corium farinosum
Corium farinosum is equipped with in the there-necked flask of appropriate dimethylbenzene with silane coupler KBM-403 according to 50:1 ratio, ultrasonic 20min, this system is placed in 120 DEG C of oil baths and reacts 7h, then decompression distills out dimethylbenzene, the corium farinosum obtained is put in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, placing 24h, it is standby that taking-up is placed in hermetic container.
(2) by the polylactic acid of 85 weight portions, the two butanol diisocyanate of 5 parts, many acrylate of 5 parts, the montmorillonite of 6000 orders of 1 part, the corium farinosum of granularity about 40 order of 5 parts, the silane coupling agent vinyl triethoxysilane (KBE-1003) of 2 parts, 5 parts of nano silicons, 0.5 part of composite antioxidant join in torque rheometer, at 180 DEG C, torque rheometer rotating speed is sufficiently mixed discharging after griding reaction 0.5-1h when being 50rpm.
(3) by the toughener single screw extrusion machine mixing extruding pelletization of the compound that obtains in step (2) with 5-10 part, the material time in an extruder is less than 3min, single screw extrusion machine screw diameter is 75mm, draw ratio is 20:1, and extruder temperature is set as successively: 170-180 DEG C, 175-185 DEG C, 185-195 DEG C, 190-200 DEG C, 185-190 DEG C, die head temperature 205-215 DEG C.
By pure PLA with modified after the main performance of PLA detect, its testing result is as follows:
| Detection project | Pure PLA | Modified PLA |
| Hot strength (MPa) | 54 | 78 |
| Elongation at break (%) | 6 | 59 |
| Notch impact strength (J/m) | 23 | 43 |
| Glass transition temperature (DEG C) | 58 | 106 |
| Melt flow index (g/min) | 5.6 | 5.8 |
| Melt temperature (DEG C) | 157.3 | 157.1 |
Embodiment 2
(1) surface treatment process of corium farinosum
Corium farinosum is equipped with in the there-necked flask of appropriate dimethylbenzene with silane coupler KBM-403 according to 50:1 ratio, ultrasonic 20min, this system is placed in 120 DEG C of oil baths and reacts 7h, then decompression distills out dimethylbenzene, the corium farinosum obtained is put in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, placing 24h, it is standby that taking-up is placed in hermetic container.
(2) by the polylactic acid of 75 weight portions, the two butanol diisocyanate of 5 parts, many acrylate of 5 parts, the montmorillonite of 6000 orders of 1 part, the corium farinosum of granularity about 40 order of 15 parts, the silane coupling agent vinyl triethoxysilane (KBE-1003) of 2 parts, 5 parts of nano silicons, 0.5 part of composite antioxidant join in torque rheometer, at 180 DEG C, the rotating speed of torque rheometer is sufficiently mixed discharging after griding reaction 0.5-1h when being 50rpm.
(3) by the toughener single screw extrusion machine mixing extruding pelletization of the compound that obtains in step (2) with 5-10 part, the material time in an extruder is less than 3min, single screw extrusion machine screw diameter is 75mm, draw ratio is 20:1, and extruder temperature is set as successively: 170-180 DEG C, 175-185 DEG C, 185-195 DEG C, 190-200 DEG C, 185-190 DEG C, die head temperature 205-215 DEG C.
By pure PLA with modified after the main performance of PLA detect, its testing result is as follows:
| Detection project | Pure PLA | Modified PLA |
| Hot strength (MPa) | 54 | 80 |
| Elongation at break (%) | 6 | 63 |
| Notch impact strength (J/m) | 23 | 46 |
| Glass transition temperature (DEG C) | 58 | 109 |
| Melt flow index (g/min) | 5.6 | 5.6 |
| Melt temperature (DEG C) | 157.3 | 157.6 |
Embodiment 3
(1) surface treatment process of corium farinosum
Corium farinosum is equipped with in the there-necked flask of appropriate dimethylbenzene with silane coupler KBM-403 according to 50:1 ratio, ultrasonic 20min, this system is placed in 120 DEG C of oil baths and reacts 7h, then decompression distills out dimethylbenzene, the corium farinosum obtained is put in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, placing 24h, it is standby that taking-up is placed in hermetic container.
(2) by the polylactic acid of 70 weight portions, the two butanol diisocyanate of 5 parts, many acrylate of 5 parts, the montmorillonite of 6000 orders of 1 part, the corium farinosum of granularity about 40 order of 20 parts, the silane coupling agent vinyl triethoxysilane (KBE-1003) of 2 parts, 5 parts of nano silicons, 0.5 part of composite antioxidant join in torque rheometer, at 180 DEG C, torque rheometer rotating speed is sufficiently mixed discharging after griding reaction 0.5-1h when being 50rpm.
(3) by the toughener single screw extrusion machine mixing extruding pelletization of the compound that obtains in step (2) with 5-10 part, the material time in an extruder is less than 3min, single screw extrusion machine screw diameter is 75mm, draw ratio is 20:1, and extruder temperature is set as successively: 170-180 DEG C, 175-185 DEG C, 185-195 DEG C, 190-200 DEG C, 185-190 DEG C, die head temperature 205-215 DEG C.
By pure PLA with modified after the main performance of PLA detect, its testing result is as follows:
| Detection project | Pure PLA | Modified PLA |
| Hot strength (MPa) | 54 | 75 |
| Elongation at break (%) | 6 | 71 |
| Notch impact strength (J/m) | 23 | 45 |
| Glass transition temperature (DEG C) | 58 | 112 |
| Melt flow index (g/min) | 5.6 | 5.7 |
| Melt temperature (DEG C) | 157.3 | 155.3 |
Claims (10)
1. a 3D prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that a kind of for the 3D modified polylactic acid material printed, its material material weight portion is composed as follows:
Polylactic acid 70-85 part,
Chain extender 1-5 part,
Coupling agent 0-2 part,
Toughener 5-10 part,
Nucleator 0.5-1 part,
Corium farinosum 0-25 part,
Reinforcing agent 1-5 part,
Antioxidant 0-0.1 part.
2. a kind of 3D according to claim 1 prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that described polylactic acid is one or more in the copolymer of the molecular weight Poly-L-lactic acid more than 100,000, dextrorotation polylactic acid poly lactic acid, D-lactic acid and L-lactic acid.
3. a kind of 3D according to claim 1 prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that described chain extender is the one in many methyl diisocyanate, two butanol diisocyanate, hexanediol diisocyanate.
4. a kind of 3D according to claim 1 prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that described coupling agent is silane coupling agent vinyl triethoxysilane (KBE-1003) and 3-glycidylpropyl triethoxysilane (KBM-403).
5. a kind of 3D according to claim 1 prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that described toughener is; The one of POE-DF610 and POE-8800D.
6. a kind of 3D according to claim 1 prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that described nucleator is montmorillonite and the Pulvis Talci that fineness is not less than 5000 orders.
7. a kind of 3D according to claim 1 prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that described corium farinosum is tanned useless Corii Bovis seu Bubali, and in threadiness after mechanical activation comminution, granularity is about 40-50 order.
8. a kind of 3D according to claim 1 prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that described reinforcing agent is the one in nano silicon, nano-calcium carbonate, it is preferable that nano silicon.
9. a kind of 3D according to claim 1 prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that described composite antioxidant forms the weight proportion of composing of preferred primary antioxidant 300 and auxiliary anti-oxidant 168 is 1:3, and the addition of composite antioxidant is the 0.1% of mixture total weight amount.
10. the preparation method that a kind of 3D prints polylactic acid/corium farinosum composite and preparation method thereof according to claim 1, it is characterised in that concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1) surface treatment process of corium farinosum
Corium farinosum is equipped with in the there-necked flask of appropriate dimethylbenzene with silane coupler KBM-403 according to 50:1 ratio, ultrasonic 20min, this system is placed in 120 DEG C of oil baths and reacts 7h, then decompression distills out dimethylbenzene, the corium farinosum obtained is put in 120 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens, placing 24h, it is standby that taking-up is placed in hermetic container;
(2) polylactic acid of 70-85 weight portion, the chain extender of 1-5 part, the coupling agent of 0-2 part, the nucleator of 0.5-1 part, the corium farinosum of 0-25 part, 1-5 part reinforcing agent, 0-0.1 part antioxidant are joined in torque rheometer, being 180 DEG C in temperature, the rotating speed of torque rheometer (model: HAPROrfveometer) is sufficiently mixed discharging after griding reaction 0.5-1h when being 50rpm;
(3) by the toughener single screw extrusion machine mixing extruding pelletization of the compound that obtains in step (2) with 5-10 part, the material time in an extruder is less than 3min, single screw extrusion machine screw diameter is 75mm, draw ratio is 20:1, and extruder temperature is set as successively: 170-180 DEG C, 175-185 DEG C, 185-195 DEG C, 190-200 DEG C, 185-190 DEG C, die head temperature 205-215 DEG C.
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| CN106009572A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-12 | 宁夏共享模具有限公司 | PLA modified material applied to 3D printing of large casting molds, and method of PLA modified material |
| CN106117881A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-16 | 中山大学惠州研究院 | A kind of artificial leather 3D printed material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106189132A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 四川美亚达光电科技有限公司 | A kind of 3D printer modification PLA material |
| CN106189127A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-12-07 | 上海金发科技发展有限公司 | A kind of modified polylactic acid coblended matter and preparation method thereof |
| CN107841100A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2018-03-27 | 黑龙江鑫达企业集团有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing poly-lactic acid material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108410147A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-17 | 华南协同创新研究院 | A kind of 3D printing wire rod and preparation method using the preparation of polylactic acid reclaimed materials |
| CN110183829A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-30 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of discarded skin powder and complete biodegradable groundmass composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111500061A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-07 | 南京鼎立生物科技有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant P L A/PA bio-based composite material |
| CN112574553A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-30 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of light-curable chrome-containing leather powder 3D printing slurry |
| WO2022056386A1 (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-17 | Impossible Objects, Inc. | Soluble support for fused deposition modeling |
| CN114773810A (en) * | 2022-06-04 | 2022-07-22 | 元嘉生物科技(浙江)有限公司 | High-performance polylactic acid-based 3D printing wire rod and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106117881A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-16 | 中山大学惠州研究院 | A kind of artificial leather 3D printed material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106189127A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-12-07 | 上海金发科技发展有限公司 | A kind of modified polylactic acid coblended matter and preparation method thereof |
| CN106189132A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 四川美亚达光电科技有限公司 | A kind of 3D printer modification PLA material |
| CN106009572A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-12 | 宁夏共享模具有限公司 | PLA modified material applied to 3D printing of large casting molds, and method of PLA modified material |
| CN107841100A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2018-03-27 | 黑龙江鑫达企业集团有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing poly-lactic acid material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108410147B (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2020-06-05 | 华南协同创新研究院 | 3D printing wire prepared from polylactic acid reclaimed material and preparation method |
| CN108410147A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-08-17 | 华南协同创新研究院 | A kind of 3D printing wire rod and preparation method using the preparation of polylactic acid reclaimed materials |
| CN110183829A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-30 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of discarded skin powder and complete biodegradable groundmass composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111500061A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-08-07 | 南京鼎立生物科技有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant P L A/PA bio-based composite material |
| WO2022056386A1 (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-17 | Impossible Objects, Inc. | Soluble support for fused deposition modeling |
| CN112574553A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-30 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of light-curable chrome-containing leather powder 3D printing slurry |
| CN112574553B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-03-22 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of light-curable chrome-containing leather powder 3D printing slurry |
| CN114891330A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-12 | 华侨大学 | Preparation method of carbon black/polylactic acid composite wire for 3D printing |
| CN114773810A (en) * | 2022-06-04 | 2022-07-22 | 元嘉生物科技(浙江)有限公司 | High-performance polylactic acid-based 3D printing wire rod and preparation method thereof |
| CN114773810B (en) * | 2022-06-04 | 2024-04-12 | 元嘉生物科技(衢州)有限公司 | High-performance polylactic acid-based 3D printing wire rod and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160608 |