CN105642200A - Design method of tubular fixed-bed reactor - Google Patents
Design method of tubular fixed-bed reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105642200A CN105642200A CN201410631336.8A CN201410631336A CN105642200A CN 105642200 A CN105642200 A CN 105642200A CN 201410631336 A CN201410631336 A CN 201410631336A CN 105642200 A CN105642200 A CN 105642200A
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Abstract
The invention provides a design method of a tubular fixed-bed reactor. The tubular fixed-bed reactor comprises a reaction tube, a closed container, a molten salt inlet, a molten salt outlet, inlet ring runners, outlet ring runners, uniform flow holes and a clapboard, wherein the edge of the clapboard is connected with the inner wall of the container; the inlet ring runner at the bottom is arranged above a bottom pattern board, and the other inlet ring runners are arranged above the clapboard; the outlet ring runner at the top is arranged below a top pattern board, and the other outlet ring runners are arranged below the clapboard; the inlet ring runners and the outlet ring runners surround outside the reactor wall; the molten salt inlet is communicated with the inlet ring runners; the molten salt outlet is communicated with the outlet ring runners; the uniform flow holes are formed in the reactor wall opposite to the inlet ring runners and the outlet ring runners; the reaction tube penetrates through the clapboard and is arranged in the container through the pattern boards; and the cross-sectional area of the inlet ring runners is two or more times of the sum of the areas of the uniform flow holes. The tubular fixed-bed reactor provided by the invention has universality, the flow rates through small holes are the same, and the heat exchange effects are the same, which is conducive to uniformity of temperature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for design of a kind of shell and tube fixation reaction bed, belong to the technical field that chemical reactor manufactures.
Background technology
Calandria type fixed bed reactor, Guan Chengzhong is equipped with catalyzer, and gas flowing pipe journey carries out chemical reaction in certain temperature range; Fused salt flows through shell side and is taken away by the heat that chemical reaction produces. Temperature homogeneity between tubulation is extremely important, if excessive temperature differentials, it is possible to booster would occur and causes damp production that security incident even occurs. For improving the temperature homogeneity of tubulation, it is necessary to the entrance of heat radiation fused salt is done arrival stream evenly.
To be the patent disclosure of CN2443770Y a kind of realizes the device of equivalent shunting for the patent No.. This device realizes different bar hole areas by the height of different bar holes, and due to the flow velocity ununiformity flowed, the local area that flow velocity is big is little, and the local area that flow velocity is little wants big, thus the flow achieving each hole is impartial.
Said apparatus has following shortcoming:
1., due to the size difference of each bar hole, add the difficulty of processing;
2. this patent provides the size of bar hole, is obtain based on when specific fluid, flow, if the kind of fluid or design flow there occurs change, all needs to obtain new parameter by a large amount of experiments, and versatility is not strong;
3. the difficulty of processing of bar hole is bigger than circular hole;
4. the height of bar hole is different, different to the height of tubulation along reactor circumference upper fluid punching, can bring the temperature non on tubulation;
5. this appliance ensure homogeneity of flow, but do not realize the homogeneity of flow velocity. Identical flow washes away tubulation with different flow velocitys, and corresponding exchange capability of heat is different, is unfavorable for the temperature homogeneity of tubulation.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the method for design of a kind of calandria type fixed bed reactor, to overcome the defect that prior art exists.
The method of design of described calandria type fixed bed reactor, described calandria type fixed bed reactor, includes reaction tubes (1), airtight container (2), fused salt import (7), fused salt outlet (8), import annular runner (41), outlet annular runner (42), current-sharing hole (5) and dividing plate (9);
The edge of described dividing plate (9) is connected with the inner wall sealing of airtight container (2);
Described import annular runner (41) of bottom is arranged on the top of bottom card, import annular runner (41) described in remaining is arranged on the top of described dividing plate (9), described outlet annular runner (42) at top is arranged on the lower section of top card, outlet annular runner (42) described in remaining arranges the lower section of described dividing plate (9), and import annular runner (41) and outlet annular runner (42) are looped around outside the wall of described airtight container (2);
Fused salt import (7) is connected with import annular runner (41), and fused salt outlet (8) is connected with outlet annular runner (42);
Described current-sharing hole (5) is arranged on the wall of the airtight container (2) relative with outlet annular runner (42) with import annular runner (41);
Described reaction tubes (1) is through dividing plate (9), and is vertically set in airtight container (2) by card (101);
It is characterized in that, the section area Al of import annular runner (41) is more than 2 times of current-sharing hole area Aj sum;
Term " the section area Al of import annular runner (41) ", refers to, the cross-sectional area of fluid flow direction;
The calandria type fixed bed interchanger designed by the method, is had the following advantages:
Each aperture on wall face is that identical size is uniform, it is easy to processing; The method has versatility, and the reactor for different size scale/reaction capacity can use the method; The aperture in wall face is recommended to use circular hole, convenient processing; Circular hole is equally distributed on wall face, is identical along the circumferential impact on reaction tubes of reactor; Owing to the area of aperture is identical with flow, therefore flow velocity after small holes is identical, to reaction tubes to wash away speed the same, the heat exchange effect caused is the same, is conducive to the homogeneity of temperature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram according to a kind of calandria type fixed bed reactor designed by the inventive method;
Fig. 2 eases up according to the annular runner of a kind of calandria type fixed bed reactor designed by this inventive method to rush the partial schematic diagram in pond;
Fig. 3 is the perforate number order figure according to a kind of calandria type fixed bed reactor current-sharing hole 1/4 model designed by this inventive method;
Fig. 4 is the mass flow distribution figure in the calandria type fixed bed reactor part current-sharing hole according to the embodiment 1 designed by this invention.
Embodiment
Such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the method of design of described calandria type fixed bed reactor, described calandria type fixed bed reactor, includes reaction tubes (1), airtight container (2), fused salt import (7), fused salt outlet (8), import annular runner (41), outlet annular runner (42), current-sharing hole (5) and dividing plate (9);
The edge of described dividing plate (9) is connected with the inner wall sealing of airtight container (2); Preferably, the quantity of described dividing plate (9) is 2��5 pieces;
Described import annular runner (41) is arranged on the top of described dividing plate (9), described outlet annular runner (42) arranges the lower section of described dividing plate (9), and import annular runner (41) and outlet annular runner (42) are looped around outside the wall of described airtight container (2);
Fused salt import (7) is connected with import annular runner (41), and fused salt outlet (8) is connected with outlet annular runner (42);
Described current-sharing hole (5) is arranged on the wall of the airtight container (2) relative with outlet annular runner (42) with import annular runner (41);
Described reaction tubes (1) is through dividing plate (9), and is vertically set in airtight container (2) by card (101);
It is characterized in that, the section area Al of import annular runner (41) is more than 2 times of current-sharing hole area Aj sum;
Preferably, the section area Al of import annular runner (41) is 2��20 times of current-sharing hole area Aj sum;
Preferably, described current-sharing hole (5) is uniformly distributed along wall;
Preferably, described current-sharing hole (5) is circular, and diameter is 5��9mm, and the area in current-sharing hole is identical;
Preferably, also comprising baffle (3), described baffle (3) is arranged in airtight container (2), intersects setting with reaction tubes (1);
Preferably, described current-sharing hole, the relation of its total area Aj and fused salt volume flow Q meets: Aj>Q/K1, and wherein K1 is 2.8m/s, is preferably: Q/K1<Aj<Q/M1, and wherein M1 is 0.6m/s; Further, the Buffer Pool (6) being provided with a reduction flow velocity in the ingress of described annular runner, the outlet area Ah of Buffer Pool (6) and the relation of fused salt volume flow Q meet: Ah>Q/K2, and wherein K2 is 2m/s, being preferably: Q/K2<Ah<Q/M2, wherein M2 is 0.9m/s;
Even the present invention can ensure the reactor of different reaction capacity, after the rule of thumb data formula provided according to the present invention, meet the inlet flow rate uniformity requirement of reactor.
By a large amount of numerical simulations and experiment test, as long as the cross-sectional area of runner controls more than 2 times in aperture area sum, the local resistance loss that can realize causing at aperture place is much larger than the friction loss in runner; And due to annular runner ingress flow rate dynamic pressure bigger, the imbalance of static pressure can be caused, therefore contriver is by experiment with Study on Numerical Simulation after submerged jet, it is determined that if the flow rate control of entrance at below 2m/s, can ignore the static pressure imbalance problem that inlet flow rate brings. This achievement in research is applied in product design, and concrete embodiment is following relation, i.e. Ah > Q/K2. The variablees in formula all in the present invention is international standard unit.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, structural representation designed by the method for design of a kind of calandria type fixed bed reactor, it comprises reaction tubes (1), reactor wall (2), baffle (3), fused salt ingress is provided with ring shape runner (4) outside the surrounding of reactor, the reaction wall relative with annular runner is provided with current-sharing hole (5), and the entrance of annular runner is provided with Buffer Pool (6). Method of design requirement according to the present invention, the section area of annular runner is 0.42m2, all current-sharing hole area sums are 0.2m2, the former is 2.1 times of the latter, be greater than in present method formulate 2 times; The flow path direction that comes of Buffer Pool is downward, and the area of Buffer Pool outlet is 0.252 square metre, and in this structure, fused salt volumetric flow rate is 0.413m3/ s, i.e. Ah > Q/K2, meet the requirement of the present invention. Through CFD emulation, the flow rates of all apertures of this structure is between 0.096-0.117m/s, and its nonuniformity coefficient is 4.4%, and in the sector large-scale plant, its homogeneity is ideal. Fig. 4 is the mass flow distribution figure of this structure current-sharing hole 1/4 model. In figure, perforate numbering refers to number from the 1 row current-sharing hole that one end import Buffer Pool is corresponding, is labeled as 100 in figure, and the 1 row current-sharing hole at 1/4 place of the wall of airtight container extremely relative with annular runner counterclockwise is terminated, and is labeled as 200 in figure.
Claims (9)
1. the method for design of calandria type fixed bed reactor, described calandria type fixed bed reactor, includes reaction tubes (1), airtight container (2), fused salt import (7), fused salt outlet (8), import annular runner (41), outlet annular runner (42), current-sharing hole (5) and dividing plate (9);
The edge of described dividing plate (9) is connected with the inner wall sealing of airtight container (2);
Described import annular runner (41) is arranged on the top of described dividing plate (9), described outlet annular runner (42) arranges the lower section of described dividing plate (9), and import annular runner (41) and outlet annular runner (42) are looped around outside the wall of described airtight container (2);
Fused salt import (7) is connected with import annular runner (41), and fused salt outlet (8) is connected with outlet annular runner (42);
Described current-sharing hole (5) is arranged on the wall of the airtight container (2) relative with outlet annular runner (42) with import annular runner (41);
Described reaction tubes (1) is through dividing plate (9), and is vertically set in airtight container (2) by card (101);
It is characterized in that, the section area Al of import annular runner (41) is more than 2 times of current-sharing hole area Aj sum.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, the quantity of the dividing plate (9) described in described dividing plate (9) is 2��5 pieces.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described current-sharing hole (5) is uniformly distributed along wall.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described current-sharing hole (5) is circular, and diameter is 5��9mm, and the area in current-sharing hole is identical.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, also comprise baffle (3), described baffle (3) is arranged in airtight container (2), intersects setting with reaction tubes (1).
6. method according to the arbitrary item of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that, the section area Al of described import annular runner (41) is 2��20 times of current-sharing hole area Aj sum.
7. method according to the arbitrary item of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that, described current-sharing hole, the relation of its total area Aj and fused salt volume flow Q meets: Aj>Q/K1, wherein K1 is 2.8m/s, is preferably: Q/K1<Aj<Q/M1, and wherein M1 is 0.6m/s.
8. method according to the arbitrary item of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, it is provided with Buffer Pool (6) in the ingress of described annular runner, there is following relation and meet in the outlet area Ah and fused salt volumetric flow rate flow Q of Buffer Pool (6): Ah > Q/K2, wherein K2 is 2m/s.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that, Q/K2 < Ah < Q/M2, wherein M2 is 0.9m/s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410631336.8A CN105642200B (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2014-11-11 | The design method of calandria type fixed bed reactor |
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| CN201410631336.8A CN105642200B (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2014-11-11 | The design method of calandria type fixed bed reactor |
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| CN105642200A true CN105642200A (en) | 2016-06-08 |
| CN105642200B CN105642200B (en) | 2018-02-27 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510870U (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2010-06-23 | 西安航天华威化工生物工程有限公司 | Single pump circulation multitubular fixed bed reactor |
| CN101941879A (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2011-01-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司上海石油化工研究院 | Method for preparing ethylene by dehydrating ethanol |
| CN103553864A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-02-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing butadiene through multi-stage oxidative dehydrogenation of butene |
| CN203494495U (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2014-03-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Reactor for producing vinyl acetate through ethylene gaseous phase method |
| DE102012220926A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-15 | Chemieanlagenbau Chemnitz Gmbh | Fixed Bed Reactor |
| CN203610107U (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2014-05-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Tubular fixed-bed reactor for producing vinyl acetate |
-
2014
- 2014-11-11 CN CN201410631336.8A patent/CN105642200B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101941879A (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2011-01-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司上海石油化工研究院 | Method for preparing ethylene by dehydrating ethanol |
| CN201510870U (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2010-06-23 | 西安航天华威化工生物工程有限公司 | Single pump circulation multitubular fixed bed reactor |
| DE102012220926A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-15 | Chemieanlagenbau Chemnitz Gmbh | Fixed Bed Reactor |
| CN103553864A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2014-02-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing butadiene through multi-stage oxidative dehydrogenation of butene |
| CN203494495U (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2014-03-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Reactor for producing vinyl acetate through ethylene gaseous phase method |
| CN203610107U (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2014-05-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Tubular fixed-bed reactor for producing vinyl acetate |
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