CN105638526A - Method and device for increasing growth speed of hermatypic coral - Google Patents
Method and device for increasing growth speed of hermatypic coral Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638526A CN105638526A CN201610013044.7A CN201610013044A CN105638526A CN 105638526 A CN105638526 A CN 105638526A CN 201610013044 A CN201610013044 A CN 201610013044A CN 105638526 A CN105638526 A CN 105638526A
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- coral
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- active metal
- project cost
- consulting item
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 37
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 title abstract description 37
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001051 Magnalium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- CWHJIJJSDGEHNS-MYLFLSLOSA-N Senegenin Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@](C)(C(O)=O)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)C(CC[C@]4(CCC(C[C@H]44)(C)C)C(O)=O)=C4[C@@H](CCl)C[C@@H]3[C@]21C CWHJIJJSDGEHNS-MYLFLSLOSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000009871 tenuigenin Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001569571 Caryophyllia ambrosia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282994 Cervidae Species 0.000 description 1
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of coral cultivation, and particularly discloses a method and device for increasing growth speed of hermatypic coral. The method for increasing the growth speed of the hermatypic coral includes the steps that reactive metal is arranged close to a growth sea area of the hermatypic coral and is subjected to electrochemical corrosion in seawater to release electrons, and the concentration of carbanions in the sea water in the area is improved to accelerate growth of the hermatypic coral. The method has the advantages that the fact that the reactive metal magnalium will be subjected to electrochemical corrosion in the sea water is used, the concentration of carbanions in the sea water environment is increased, and growth of the hermatypic coral can be accelerated greatly. In addition, the device is convenient to manufacture, transport and set, low in manufacturing cost and suitable for practical ecological work, can be arranged into different shapes according to the terrain and meets the requirement of recovering a coral reef ecosystem degradation area within a short time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural technique field of coral, specifically disclose a kind of method and the device that improve the project cost consulting item speed of growth.
Background technology
Karang has extremely high species diversity, has 25% to live in karang in whole world marine organisms, has " oasis, ocean " or the title of " ocean tropical rain forest ", and its social economic value is inestimable. Coral reef ecologic system has extremely abundant Biological resources, is the breeding base of fishery, provides important food and drug resource for the mankind; The karang in seabed, picturesque, famous especially garden, seabed is the fabulous scuba diving Holy Land of people. Therefore the protection of karang and sustainable use cause the concern of people day by day; such as China has set up karang national natural reserves, Sanya, Hainan and the Xuwen Coral Reef national natural reserves, Guangdong at present, by scientific research personnel or marine protection administrative authority staff, coral reef ecologic system is carried out regular monitoring. Owing to the reasons such as Global warming, seawater acidifying, pollution of the sea cause most of coral reef ecologic system degenerating, it does not have the young of the region project cost consulting item of degeneration supplements amount and the speed of growth also reduces gradually. The degeneration of at present more and more country's beginning manual intervention coral reef ecologic systems, by throwing in artificial reef, transplant coral, recovery that the methods such as coral larva of releasing realize coral reef ecologic system.
Application number be 201110393726.2 patent discloses a kind of the project cost consulting item field inoculation method and the device thereof that are suitable for high sedimentary water body environment. The method comprises the following steps: the high deposition seabed, marine site that project cost consulting item attachment device is fixed on the depth of water 3��10m, this project cost consulting item attachment device comprises attachment mesh sheet and the bracing frame of attachment mesh sheet supported underneath attachment mesh sheet, the mesh size of attachment mesh sheet is 3��5cm, project cost consulting item is fixed in attachment mesh sheet, project cost consulting item is grown at the height from seabed more than 50cm. Wherein, described attachment mesh sheet is preferably plastics or aluminium system attachment mesh sheet. Specification sheets discloses described support frame and support bar is all be welded with the reinforcing bar of diameter 18mm.Transplant compared to traditional cement block, the survival rate cultivating coral can be improved, also can reduce half cost, and reduce underwater operation amount and lower underwater operation dangerous. There is many drawbacks in current technological method, as coral larva not easily adhere to, larva surviving rate is low, coral growth speed is slow. The method of these manual interventions needs a very long time (10 years, 20 years) just can see effect, the coral reef ecologic system of degradation regions can not be realized the recovery in the short period of time, therefore use traditional restoration methods to have its limitation to repair the coral reef ecologic system of degradation regions.
The speed of growth of project cost consulting item mainly forms what speed determined, the settling velocity of " the outer calcifying solution of tenuigenin " region calcium carbonate in being furthermore coral polypide by coral bone. " the outer calcifying solution of tenuigenin " regional space is very little, it is possible to be less than 1 micron, but but extremely important. " tenuigenin outer calcifying solution " although the liquid in region is not inner in the cell tissue of coral, but also and non-immediate is the seawater in environment, but by liquid that some ion conveyer mechanisms of coenosarcus cell produce. Here, calcium ion and carbanion are combined into calcium carbonate, are deposited on coral bone, ensure that the lasting growth of coral bone.
Want the speed of growth improving project cost consulting item will improve the concentration of " the outer calcifying solution of tenuigenin " region calcium ion, carbanion in coral polypide. Very difficult owing to directly studying " the outer calcifying solution of tenuigenin " region, therefore coral is to the microprocess of the mode of all kinds of ion regulation and control in " the outer calcifying solution of tenuigenin " region, most or unknown at present, just from macroscopically understanding coral polyp, the calcium ion water body, carbanion are transported to " the outer calcifying solution of tenuigenin " region, the PH value in guarantee simultaneously " the outer calcifying solution of tenuigenin " region is suitable, and the concentration also being controlled phosphoric acid salt and magnesium ion in " the outer calcifying solution of tenuigenin " region is in order to avoid these materials suppress the generation of precipitation of calcium carbonate. Although coral polyp " the outer calcifying solution of tenuigenin " region can not be directly acted on now, but we can by improving the method for coral polyp neighboring area calcium ion and carbon acid ion concentration, improve the speed of growth of project cost consulting item, recover to meet the short-term of coral reef ecologic system degradation regions.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides a kind of method improving the project cost consulting item speed of growth, can realize the recovery of degeneration coral reef ecologic system within a short period of time, for the protect and manage of karang protective belt provides technical support.
Another object of the present invention is at a kind of device improving the project cost consulting item speed of growth of offer.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of method improving the project cost consulting item speed of growth, grow at project cost consulting item and near marine site, active metal is set, by utilizing active metal that galvanic corrosion release electronics occurs in the seawater, improve the concentration of the carbanion of region maritime interior waters, and then accelerate the growth of project cost consulting item.
Further, described active metal is aluminum magnesium alloy.
Further, described aluminum magnesium alloy is grid structure, is connected with stainless steel framework.
Further, the mesh aperture of described aluminum magnesium alloy grid is less than 10cm.
Further, the disconnected branch of project cost consulting item is fixed on described stainless steel frame.
The content of the present invention also comprises a kind of device improving the project cost consulting item speed of growth, comprises active metal grid and main body frame, and described active metal grid covers on main body frame.
Further, described active metal is aluminum magnesium alloy.
Further, described main body frame is made up of stainless steel.
Further, described active metal grid and stainless steel main body frame are fixed together, it is possible to electric current is passed through.
Further, the mesh aperture of described aluminum magnesium alloy grid is less than 10cm, and it mainly acts on is the carbanion building regional area high density, and induction precipitation of calcium carbonate.
Relative to prior art, the useful effect of the present invention is: utilize active metal magnalium that galvanic corrosion can occur in the seawater, it is to increase the concentration of the carbanion in briny environment, it is possible to greatly accelerate the growth of project cost consulting item; In addition, the manufacture of this device is convenient, transport and arrange, and cost is low, it is possible to arrange different shapes according to landform, and very suitable actual ecological work, meets the demand that the short-term of coral reef ecologic system degradation regions is recovered.
In order to understand better and implement, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Such as Fig. 1, it is the schematic diagram of the device of the raising project cost consulting item speed of growth of the present invention, wherein, and the active metal grid 2 of main body frame 1 and aluminum magnesium alloy, the disconnected branch 3 of project cost consulting item.
Embodiment
In prior art, promote coral growth device mainly act as provide coral attachment and support that it grow, and the speed of growth of project cost consulting item mainly by coral bone formed speed decision. Coral bone is mainly ingredients calcium carbonate, containing abundant free calcium ion in seawater, for this reason, the invention thinking of contriver is, from macroscopically understanding coral polyp, the carbanion water body to be transported to " the outer calcifying solution of tenuigenin " region, improve the method for coral polyp neighboring area carbon acid ion concentration, improve the speed of growth of project cost consulting item. Technical scheme in the present invention is, grow at project cost consulting item and near marine site, active metal is set, by utilizing active metal that galvanic corrosion release electronics occurs in the seawater, it is to increase the concentration of the carbanion of region maritime interior waters, and then accelerate the growth of project cost consulting item.
Such as Fig. 1, it is the schematic diagram of the device of the raising project cost consulting item speed of growth of the present invention, and it is polyhedron, comprises the main body frame 1 of stainless steel and the active metal grid 2 of aluminum magnesium alloy; Described main body frame more than height 1m, described active metal grid covers on stainless steel frame, it is possible to allow electric current to pass through. The disconnected branch 3 of the project cost consulting item getting about 5cm is fixed on main body frame, is arranged at seabed, makes active metal grid be positioned at the position of distance seabed more than 1m.
In the present invention, the shape of described device can design as required, such as table shape, turriform, semisphere, trapezoidal, conical etc., but is not limited only to this several shape. Size can also according to practical situation appropriate design, and highly general at 1-5 rice, width is generally at 1-5 rice. In order to ensure the survival rate of the disconnected branch of reef coral and better growth promoting effects, laying of described device, preferably between annual November to the March in the coming year.
For the active metal grid in the present invention, as long as can there is electrochemical reaction due to active metal, providing electronics as anode, MAGNESIUM METAL, aluminium are all participated in. Considering the problem of cost, device, mainly based on aluminium alloy, owing to pure aluminium can produce passivation, generally can increase MAGNESIUM METAL etc. and destroy passive film. The ratio of the magnesium added is generally at 2-5%.The cardinal principle of this device is sacrificial anode, in principle active metal can, it is contemplated that the speed of anode consumption can not be too fast, but enough electric currents must be produced again, so aluminium alloy is the most suitable, secondly be magnesium alloy, zinc alloy. Aluminium alloy electric potential difference is low, and electricity foot, actual power generation is the highest, so effect alloy more several than other is good.
The cardinal principle of the present invention is: the hydroxide ion that active metal produces neutralizes with the hydrogen ion of seawater acid base equilibrium, so that hydrogen-carbonate more is partial to resolve into hydrogen ion and carbanion with ion, so that carbon acid ion concentration increases in region, while stainless steel frame surface induced precipitation goes out calcium carbonate thin layer, accelerate the growth of project cost consulting item. In addition, can there is galvanic corrosion in active metal magnalium in the seawater, release electronics, and these electronics also can prevent stainless steel frame from corroding.
Practical function: the device utilizing the raising project cost consulting item speed of growth of the present embodiment, in Wuzhizhou Islands trial plot, Sanya. This device was thrown in so far (in December, 2015) from October, 2014, coral growth speed is far above control zone: from the disconnected branch of initial 5cm, grow into the colony of 20cm, only used the time of 1 year, and normal deer horn coral growth speed is probably at annual about 10cm.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned enforcement mode, if various change or distortion to the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, if these are changed and are out of shape within the claim and equivalent technologies scope that belong to the present invention, then the present invention also is intended to comprise these changes and distortion.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is improved the method for the project cost consulting item speed of growth, it is characterized in that: grow at project cost consulting item and near marine site, active metal is set, by utilizing active metal that galvanic corrosion release electronics occurs in the seawater, improve the concentration of the carbanion of region maritime interior waters, and then accelerate the growth of project cost consulting item.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described active metal is aluminum magnesium alloy.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described aluminum magnesium alloy is grid structure, is connected with stainless steel framework.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the mesh aperture of described aluminum magnesium alloy grid is less than 10cm.
5. method according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that: the disconnected branch of project cost consulting item is fixed on described stainless steel frame.
6. one kind is improved the device of the project cost consulting item speed of growth, it is characterised in that: comprising active metal grid and main body frame, described active metal grid covers on main body frame.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described active metal is aluminum magnesium alloy.
8. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described main body frame is made up of stainless steel.
9. device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: described active metal grid and stainless steel main body frame are fixed together, it is possible to electric current is passed through.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the mesh aperture of described aluminum magnesium alloy grid is less than 10cm.
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CN201610013044.7A CN105638526B (en) | 2016-01-08 | 2016-01-08 | A kind of method and apparatus improving the project cost consulting item speed of growth |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107646750A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-02-02 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of coral culture apparatus for promoting coral growth by reducing seawater acidity |
CN108286238A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2018-07-17 | 上海交通大学 | Shore protection makes reef system |
CN109757408A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-17 | 海南南海热带海洋研究所 | A method of quickly grow into coral reef |
CN110723254A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-01-24 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Self-growing fixing method for buoy anchoring in coral reef abrupt slope area |
CN112385587A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-23 | 三亚珊瑚礁生态研究所 | Artificial reef ecological nursery |
CN113841648A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-28 | 北部湾海洋新材料研究院 | Artificial reef body for electrically stimulating growth of hermatypic coral |
CN113925001A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-14 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Coral restoration method based on coral diversity and environmental adaptability |
CN114287406A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-08 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Drupes melancorhynchus cleaning device |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108286238A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2018-07-17 | 上海交通大学 | Shore protection makes reef system |
CN108286238B (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2019-08-23 | 上海交通大学 | Revetment and reef-building system |
CN107646750A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-02-02 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of coral culture apparatus for promoting coral growth by reducing seawater acidity |
CN109757408A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-05-17 | 海南南海热带海洋研究所 | A method of quickly grow into coral reef |
CN110723254A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-01-24 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Self-growing fixing method for buoy anchoring in coral reef abrupt slope area |
CN110723254B (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-06-01 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Self-growing fixing method for buoy anchoring in coral reef abrupt slope area |
CN112385587A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-23 | 三亚珊瑚礁生态研究所 | Artificial reef ecological nursery |
CN113841648A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-28 | 北部湾海洋新材料研究院 | Artificial reef body for electrically stimulating growth of hermatypic coral |
CN113925001A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-14 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Coral restoration method based on coral diversity and environmental adaptability |
CN113925001B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-11-18 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Coral restoration method based on coral diversity and environmental adaptability |
CN114287406A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-08 | 海南省海洋与渔业科学院 | Drupes melancorhynchus cleaning device |
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