CN105635565A - Shooting method and equipment - Google Patents
Shooting method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN105635565A CN105635565A CN201510965087.0A CN201510965087A CN105635565A CN 105635565 A CN105635565 A CN 105635565A CN 201510965087 A CN201510965087 A CN 201510965087A CN 105635565 A CN105635565 A CN 105635565A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
- H04N23/73—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing the exposure time
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a shooting method and equipment, relates to the technical field of electronics, and solves the problem in the prior art that a shot lightning image is likely to be subjected to overexposure. The specific scheme of the method comprises: acquiring an image by the shooting equipment according to a default focusing distance; calculating a difference value between a brightness value of a pixel in a current frame of image and that of a pixel at a corresponding position in a related image, wherein the related image comprises a former frame of image relative to the current frame of image or a background model image; if in the current frame of image, the difference value is greater than or equal to the number of pixels of a preset first luminance threshold value, or greater than or equal to a preset number threshold value, calculating a target focusing distance and a target exposure time; and acquiring at least one frame of image after the current frame of image according to the target focusing distance, and performing exposure on the at least one frame of image after the current frame of image according to the target exposure time. The embodiment of the invention is applied to image shooting.
Description
Technical field
The present embodiments relate to electronic technology field, particularly relate to a kind of image pickup method and equipment.
Background technology
Lightning is the strong electric discharge phenomena between Yun Yuyun, between cloud and ground or in cloud body between each position, and it shows as bright brilliant flash of light together and transient. Lightning duration is extremely of short duration, for instance 0.1s, and lightning time of occurrence is difficult to predict.
When shooting lightning, owing to lightning phenomenon is transient aloft, pressing shutter again when observing lightning, lightning disappears, thus is difficult to catch. Prior art shoots transient and is difficult to the lightning predicted by arranging time exposure, when lightning occurs in the time of exposure arranged, it is possible to capture lightning. But owing to the brightness of lightning is high, user only can not accurately arrange the sart point in time of time exposure and the length of exposure of time exposure by rule of thumb, thus easily occur the sart point in time that arranges too late or the length of exposure long, cause the lightning image overexposure of shooting, have impact on the quality of lightning image.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of image pickup method and equipment, it is possible to solve the problem of the easy overexposure of lightning image of shooting in prior art.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, embodiments of the invention adopt the following technical scheme that
First aspect, a kind of image pickup method is provided, capture apparatus gathers image according to default focal distance, calculate the pixel in current frame image and the difference of the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in the previous frame image of current frame image, and in the difference quantity more than or equal to the pixel of the first default luminance threshold, during more than or equal to predetermined number threshold value, quickly determine that specific event will occur, thus calculating target focal distance and target light exposure time in time, and gather at least one two field picture after current frame image to record specific event in time according to target focal distance, the image of specific event there is is to be exposed the record collected according to the target light exposure time, thus obtaining the image of exposure appropriateness, avoid image overexposure. the event that when specific event therein can be that the persistent period is short, time of occurrence is difficult to predict and occur, brightness is high, for instance lightning event.
In conjunction with first aspect, in the first possible implementation of first aspect, default focal distance can be the focus of capture apparatus camera lens, and namely capture apparatus focuses on focal distance corresponding during the target of infinite point or other focal distance preset.
In conjunction with the first possible implementation of first aspect or first aspect, in the implementation that the second of first aspect is possible, can also according to formula EV before calculating the target light exposure timen+1=EVn+log2Yn-log2YtargetCalculate the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, calculate the target light exposure time with the exposure value that the next frame image according to current frame image is corresponding. Wherein, the EV in formulan+1The exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, EV can be representednThe exposure value that current frame image is corresponding, Y can be representednThe average brightness value of current frame image, Y can be representedtargetTarget brightness value can be represented; Or, EVn+1The exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, EV can be representednThe exposure value that background model image is corresponding, Y can be representednThe average brightness value of background model image, Y can be representedtargetTarget brightness value can be represented; Or, EVn+1The exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, EV can be representednDefault exposure value, Y can be representednDefault average brightness value, Y can be representedtargetTarget brightness value can be represented.
The first possible implementation in conjunction with first aspect, in the implementation that the second of first aspect is possible, capture apparatus can determine residing concrete shooting environmental according to the magnitude relationship of the average brightness value of current frame image Yu the median luminance value of image, thus determining target brightness value according to the brightness value that different shooting environmental are corresponding.
Second aspect, it is provided that a kind of capture apparatus, including acquisition module and processing module. Acquisition module is for according to presetting focal distance collection image. Processing module is used for the pixel and the difference of the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in associated picture that calculate in current frame image, associated picture includes previous frame image or the background model image of current frame image, if in current frame image, difference is more than or equal to the quantity of the pixel of the first default luminance threshold, more than or equal to predetermined number threshold value, then calculate target focal distance and target light exposure time. Acquisition module is additionally operable to, and gathers at least one two field picture after current frame image according to target focal distance. Processing module is additionally operable to, and according to the target light exposure time, at least one two field picture after current frame image is exposed.
In order to make it easy to understand, the explanation giving part concept related to the present invention of example is for reference, as follows:
Focusing: also referred to as to light or focusing, being changed object distance and position apart by capture apparatus Focusing mechanism, make the process being clapped target object imaging clearly.
Focal distance: during imaging clearly, camera lens is relative to the distance of imaging surface, specifically may refer to the schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1, and imaging surface is generally the photosurface of sensitive chip.
Time of exposure: in order to project light onto on the photosurface of sensitive chip, the time that shutter to be opened.
Pixel: i.e. pixel or pixel point, is the minimum unit of composition digitized image.
Brightness value: the gray scale of pixel in black white image, for coloured image, brightness value is that coloured image is converted into the gray scale of pixel after black white image.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
A kind of focal distance schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation of a kind of capture apparatus that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of image pickup method flow chart that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of differential process schematic diagram that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The another kind of focal distance schematic diagram that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of autofocus evaluation function curve synoptic diagram that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The another kind of focal distance schematic diagram that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The another kind of autofocus evaluation function curve synoptic diagram that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of target focal distance defining method schematic diagram that Fig. 9 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The another kind of image pickup method flow chart that Figure 10 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of exposure value defining method flow chart that Figure 11 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of target brightness value defining method flow chart that Figure 12 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation of the another kind of capture apparatus that Figure 13 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described. Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments. Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
In following example of the present invention, capture apparatus can be smart mobile phone, photographing unit and other include the electronic equipment etc. of photographic head. Referring to Fig. 2, capture apparatus 100 may include that camera lens, sensitive chip, A/D converter, microprocessor, display screen, storage medium etc. Wherein, the battery of lens that camera lens is usually made up of optical glass, it is used for finding a view. Sensitive chip, i.e. imageing sensor, charge coupled cell (ChargeCoupledDevice can be included, CCD), metal oxide semiconductor device (ComplementaryMetal-OxideSemiconductor, CMOS) etc., it is the image-forming block of capture apparatus, it is possible to be used for converting optical signals to the signal of telecommunication, and then convert pixel data to. A/D converter, i.e. A/D converter, be used for converting analog signals into digital signal. Microprocessor, data processor, Memory Controller Hub, image compression encoder, display controller etc. can be included, may be used for the photosensitive intensity of imageing sensor is analyzed, control and manage above-mentioned parts, regulate focal distance, time of exposure, brightness, aperture, shutter etc. Display screen, for instance double; two twisted nematic liquid crystal display, Thin Film Transistor-LCD etc., it is possible to be used for showing image. Storage medium, it is possible to include internal memory and mobile memory, is used for preserving data. Shooting process is substantially: light enters from camera lens, sensitive chip carries out colour filter, photosensitive (photoelectric conversion), according to certain arrangement mode, shooting object " decomposition " is become pixel one by one, these pixels are transferred on A/D converter with the form of analog picture signal, thus being converted to digital signal, digital signal is carried out image procossing by microprocessor, and stores in storage medium after compression.
When shooting lightning, owing to lightning event is transient, it is difficult to predict and brightness is high, user only can not accurately arrange sart point in time and the length of exposure of time exposure by rule of thumb, thus easily occur the sart point in time that arranges too late or the length of exposure long, cause the lightning image overexposure of shooting, thus have impact on the quality of lightning image. similar with lightning event, that when, time of occurrence short for the persistent period is difficult to predict and occur, brightness is high specific event, there will be the problems referred to above equally when shooting. to this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of image pickup method, by the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in the previous frame image of the pixel in current frame image and current frame image is done calculus of differences, and in the difference quantity more than or equal to the pixel of the first default luminance threshold, during more than or equal to predetermined number threshold value, may determine that above-mentioned specific event will occur, thus quickly calculating target focal distance and target light exposure time, and gather image to record specific event in time according to target focal distance, the image of specific event there is is to be exposed the record collected according to the target light exposure time, thus obtaining the image of exposure appropriateness, avoid image overexposure.
Below by shoot lightning event in above-mentioned specific event and capture apparatus for smart mobile phone, it is described in detail by specific embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of image pickup method, it is possible to including:
201, capture apparatus gathers image according to default focal distance.
Capture apparatus according to prefixed time interval and default focal distance, can gather multiple image by camera lens and sensitive chip. Wherein, prefixed time interval is generally very short, lower than lightning duration, for instance prefixed time interval can be 20ms. Default focal distance can be configured according to actual photographed scene. Exemplary, when shooting lightning, owing to lightning occurs in remote aerial, thus focal distance corresponding when the focal distance preset can be the target of capture apparatus focusing infinite point. Under normal circumstances, when capture apparatus focuses on infinite point, the photosurface (i.e. imaging surface) of sensitive chip is usually located at the focal point of camera lens, and default focal distance is the focal length of camera lens. When actual photographed, user can also focus on the target of distant place by adjusting the distance of camera lens and sensitive chip so that target at a distance can become image clearly on imaging surface, so that it is determined that preset focal distance.
202, capture apparatus calculates the pixel in current frame image and the difference of the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in associated picture.
Associated picture therein can be the previous frame image of current frame image, it is also possible to be background model image. background model image can be default background model image, pixel quantity in the background model image preset is equal with pixel quantity in every two field picture of collection, in that case, from collecting the 1st two field picture, it is possible to the pixel in current frame image is made calculus of differences successively with the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in the background model image preset. background model image can also be there is not lightning event before, according to the background model image that the former two field pictures gathered are set up, such as, in background model image, the brightness value of each pixel can be the meansigma methods of the images light intensity value of correspondence position in front 5 two field pictures gathered, in that case, from collecting the 6th two field picture, pixel in current frame image can be made calculus of differences successively with the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in background model image, and the 2nd two field picture collected can make calculus of differences with the previous frame image of current frame image successively to the 5th two field picture.
When the previous frame image that associated picture is current frame image, from the 2nd two field picture, after collecting a two field picture, referring to Fig. 4, the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in the pixel in the current frame image previous frame image with current frame image can be made calculus of differences by capture apparatus successively, obtain the difference of the brightness value of each pixel in two two field pictures, to compare the luminance difference of current frame image and the previous frame image of current frame image. The main previous frame image being current frame image for associated picture is described in detail by the embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that the different frame image of capture apparatus collection can have identical preset gain value G0. Owing to brightness value is relevant with exposure value and yield value, if thus keep the brightness value of the previous frame image of current frame image and current frame image constant, then can reduce the computation complexity when brightness value of pixel in current frame image and the pixel in the previous frame image of current frame image carries out calculus of differences.
If in 203 current frame images, difference is more than or equal to the quantity of the pixel of the first default luminance threshold, and more than or equal to predetermined number threshold value, then capture apparatus calculates target focal distance and target light exposure time.
Owing to the brightness of lightning is high, current frame image is shorter with the interval of the previous frame image of current frame image, and interval is lower than the lightning persistent period, if thus in current frame image, difference is more than or equal to the quantity of the pixel of the first default luminance threshold, more than or equal to predetermined number threshold value, then can illustrate that current frame image is bigger with the luminance difference of the previous frame image (or background model image) of current frame image, such that it is able to illustrate that the brightness of shooting environmental there occurs large change within the shorter time period, lightning event will occur, thus can quickly calculate target focal distance and target light exposure time, so that shooting lightning image according to target focal distance and target light exposure time. wherein, the first luminance threshold and the amount threshold preset specifically can be set according to practical situation. in embodiments of the present invention, in current frame image, above-mentioned difference is more than or equal to the pixel of the first luminance threshold, it is possible to be called lightning trigger element, specifically may refer to Fig. 4.
In lightning photographic schemes in the prior art, sart point in time and the scheme of length of exposure of time exposure is only set with user experience, the sart point in time of the easy time exposure occurring arranging is too early or the length of exposure is too short, cause just occurring lightning after end exposure, thus shooting is less than lightning image. Thus, for the event that the lightning this persistent period is very short, can judge whether lightning determines rapidly and can collect lightning image in time.
In embodiments of the present invention, the method whether capture apparatus will occur according to the luminance difference automatic decision lightning event of very short two two field pictures of interval, quickly, accurately, it is easy to implement, and availability is strong.
After determining that lightning event will occur, it is possible to quickly calculate target focal distance and target light exposure time, such that it is able to photograph, according to target focal distance and target light exposure time, the lightning image that quality is higher in time.
204, capture apparatus gathers at least one two field picture after current frame image according to target focal distance, and according to the target light exposure time, at least one two field picture after current frame image is exposed.
After determining that lightning event will occur, capture apparatus can gather the frame after current frame image or multiple image according to calculating the target focal distance obtained. Owing to acquisition time interval is very short, thus the frame gathered in short time period after current frame image or multiple image, lightning event can be recorded in time, record is had the image of lightning event carry out appropriateness exposure and store according to calculating the target light exposure time obtained by capture apparatus, such that it is able to photograph lightning in time, and avoid lightning image overexposure.
It should be noted that, if capture apparatus gathers multiple image according to target focal distance after current frame image, and according to the target light exposure time to this multiple image be exposed respectively, then can pass through multiple image record lightning generating process, in order to therefrom choose the good frame lightning image of shooting effect.
Therefore, in the image pickup method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, capture apparatus is by the difference of the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in the previous frame image of the pixel in calculating current frame image and current frame image, and in the difference quantity more than or equal to the pixel of the first default luminance threshold, during more than or equal to predetermined number threshold value, quickly determine that lightning event will occur, thus calculating target focal distance and target light exposure time in time, and gather at least one two field picture after current frame image to record lightning event in time according to target focal distance, the image of lightning event there is is to be exposed the record collected according to the target light exposure time, thus obtaining the image of exposure appropriateness, avoid image overexposure.
In above-mentioned steps 203, capture apparatus generally can determine target focal distance according to limit searching algorithm, referring to Fig. 5, the autofocus evaluation function that cardinal principle is corresponding for searching for 0 Searching point arriving in L (camera lens is relative to the ultimate range of imaging surface) scope, Searching point is on the line of the central point of central point and the imaging surface of capture apparatus camera lens, and Searching point and camera lens are positioned at the same side of imaging surface, so that it is determined that the extreme point of autofocus evaluation function (Searching point that crest is corresponding), this extreme point is target focal distance F relative to the distance of imaging surface. Wherein, autofocus evaluation function is specifically as follows Laplce's gradient function, and the schematic diagram of autofocus evaluation function curve may refer to Fig. 6.
Concrete, it is assumed that and certain pixel in current frame image (x, y) gray value at place is f (x, y), picture size is M �� N, Laplce's gradient function point (x, y) and about the half-tone information of 4 pixels represents, as shown in formula (1). Adopting Laplce's gradient quadratic sum of each point in image to carry out evolution, the method being then averaging calculates autofocus evaluation function. Formula (2) represents that S is that autofocus evaluation function is the average of this quadratic sum to the quadratic sum of each point Laplce gradient in entire image, it is possible to be expressed as formula (3):
G=S/ (M �� N) formula (3)
The embodiment of the present invention adopts the limit searching algorithm improved to calculate target focal distance, and this process may include that capture apparatus determines the hunting zone [L of Searching point1,L2], Searching point is on the line of the central point of central point and the imaging surface of capture apparatus camera lens, and Searching point and camera lens are positioned at the same side of imaging surface, L1More than or equal to 0, L2Less than or equal to the camera lens ultimate range relative to imaging surface, and the initial value of Searching point and the initial value of step-size in search are set. Wherein, the initial value of Searching point can be preset focal distance. Capture apparatus updates Searching point according to step-size in search, calculate the autofocus evaluation function value that the Searching point before and after updating is corresponding, magnitude relationship according to autofocus evaluation function value corresponding to Searching point before and after updating updates step-size in search, circulation performs said process until the step-size in search after updating is less than or equal to default step-length threshold value, and Searching point is target focal distance relative to the distance of imaging surface.
Wherein, referring to Fig. 7, due to the hunting zone [L of Searching point1,L2] in L1More than or equal to 0, L2 is less than or equal to the ultimate range L of camera lens Yu imaging surface, namely the hunting zone of Searching point can be [0, L] a subset, without being [0, L], thus reducing hunting zone, improve search speed, improve the calculating speed of target focal distance. Wherein, the hunting zone of Searching point can be determined according to practical experience and result of the test, it is common that hunting zone one section less near autofocus evaluation function curve medium wave peak, exemplary, hunting zone [L1,L2] position on autofocus evaluation function curve may refer to Fig. 8. It addition, the initial value of Searching point can be preset focal distance, namely Searching point starts search from default focal distance, rather than starts search from 0. Preset search point is typically in Near The Extreme Point and generally at hunting zone [L1,L2] in, thus start search from default focusing position and can also accelerate search speed.
It addition, the initial value of step-size in search can also be set according to actual needs. Alternatively, the initial value of step-size in search can be hunting zone [L1,L2]Namely
Capture apparatus can update step-size in search according to the magnitude relationship of autofocus evaluation function value corresponding to Searching point before and after updating, and step-size in search in the updated less than default step-length threshold value time stop search, rather than just stop search after searching out pole value. Owing to there is the reason of the depth of field, the target focal distance that capture apparatus is corresponding when imaging clearly is actually a less scope, and it is more than a point, thus it is not required to search out the extreme point of autofocus evaluation function, have only to determine that current search point is within the scope of target focal distance, and when step-size in search is less than default step-length threshold value, namely may determine that current search point is within the scope of target focal distance, default step-length threshold value therein can be set according to actual new situation. That is, in the method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, determine less than default step-length threshold value when step-size in search and can stop search when the Searching point distance relative to imaging surface is within the scope of target focal distance, without continuing search for determining extreme point, thus the calculating speed of target focal distance can be further speeded up.
Concrete, referring to Fig. 9, capture apparatus is determining the hunting zone [L of Searching point i1,L2], the initial value of Searching point i, after the initial value of step-size in search T, the process of above-mentioned calculating target focal distance can particularly as follows:
301, capture apparatus calculates the autofocus evaluation function value G that i is corresponding1��
If 302 i+T are at [L1,L2] in scope, then i is updated to i+T by capture apparatus.
Exemplary, the unit of T can be mm.
If 303 i+T are less than L1, then i is updated to L by capture apparatus1��
If 304 i+T are more than L2, then i is updated to L by capture apparatus2��
305, capture apparatus calculates the autofocus evaluation function value G of the i after updating2��
If 306 G1Less than G2, then capture apparatus is according to the next Searching point of step-size in search T search.
If 307 G1More than or equal to G2, then step-size in search T is updated to by capture apparatus
If the step-size in search after 308 renewals is more than default step-length threshold value, then capture apparatus continues search for next Searching point according to the step-size in search after updating, until step-size in search is less than or equal to default step-length threshold value.
If the step-size in search after 309 renewals is less than or equal to default step-length threshold value, then capture apparatus determines that Searching point i is target focal distance relative to the distance of imaging surface.
It should be noted that the method for the calculating target focal distance of embodiment of the present invention offer can quickly determine target focal distance such that it is able to photograph the good lightning image of effect according to this target focal distance in time.
Before determining the target light exposure time in above-mentioned steps 203, referring to Figure 10, the method can also include:
205, capture apparatus according to the parameter of current frame image, preset exposure parameter and exposure value corresponding to current frame image, calculate the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding.
After collecting a two field picture, capture apparatus can according to the parameter of current frame image, preset exposure parameter and exposure value corresponding to current frame image calculates the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, in order to calculate the target light exposure time according to the exposure value of the next frame image of the current frame image calculated. It should be noted that if current frame image is the first two field picture that capture apparatus gathers, then the exposure value that current frame image is corresponding is initial exposure value.
Wherein, step 205 and step 202 do not have clear and definite precedence relationship, are not specifically limited here.
Alternatively, referring to Figure 11, step 205 specifically may include that
2051, capture apparatus determines target brightness value according to the average brightness value of the exposure parameter preset and current frame image.
Wherein, default exposure parameter can include initial exposure value EV0, the second luminance threshold Ylowthd, the 3rd luminance threshold Ythd, the second brightness value Yblth, the first brightness value YoverWith the 3rd brightness value YnormDeng. Wherein, the first brightness value YoverIt can be target brightness value corresponding under over-exposed condition; Second brightness value YblthWhen can be backlight or high-contrast illumination, target brightness value corresponding when time of exposure is shorter; 3rd brightness value YnormCan be under normal lighting conditions, target brightness value corresponding when time of exposure is shorter. Above-mentioned default exposure parameter specifically can be configured as required, is not specifically limited here. Exemplary, when the color depth of smart mobile phone is 8, the brightness circle of image picture elements ranges for 0-255, and the second luminance threshold can be 110, the 3rd luminance threshold YthdCan be 130. Capture apparatus can determine residing concrete shooting environmental according to the magnitude relationship of the average brightness value of current frame image Yu the median luminance value of image, thus determining target brightness value according to the brightness value that different shooting environmental are corresponding.
Referring to Figure 12, step 2051 specifically may include that
A, capture apparatus calculate the difference of the average brightness value of current frame image and the median luminance value of image.
Wherein, the median luminance value of image refers to the intermediate level in the gray scale scope of image, if the gray scale of image ranges for 0-255, then the median luminance value of image is 128. The average brightness value Y of current frame imagenRefer to the meansigma methods of all images light intensity value in current frame image. First capture apparatus can calculate the average brightness value Y of current frame imagenDifference D with the median luminance value of imageL��
If it should be noted that the image of capture apparatus shooting is coloured image, then the brightness value of pixel refers to and coloured image is converted into the gray scale of pixel after black white image.
If b average brightness value is more than or equal to the second default luminance threshold and less than or equal to the 3rd default luminance threshold, then capture apparatus determines that target brightness value is average brightness value.
If the average brightness value Y of current frame imagenMore than or equal to the second default luminance threshold Ylowthd(such as 110) and less than the 3rd default luminance threshold Ythd(such as 130), then capture apparatus may determine that target brightness value YtargetAverage brightness value Y for current frame imagen��
If c average brightness value is more than the 3rd luminance threshold, then capture apparatus determines that target brightness value is the first default brightness value.
If the average brightness value Y of current frame imagenMore than the 3rd luminance threshold Ythd, then capture apparatus may determine that shooting environmental is overexposure environment, thus may determine that target brightness value YtargetIt is the first brightness value Yover��
If d average brightness value is less than the second luminance threshold, and the difference of the median luminance value of the average brightness value of current frame image and image is less than default difference threshold, then capture apparatus determines that target brightness value is the second default brightness value.
If the average brightness value of current frame image is less than the second luminance threshold Ylowthd, and the average brightness value Y of current frame imagenDifference D with the median luminance value of imageLLess than default difference threshold Dthd, then capture apparatus may determine that shooting environmental is backlight or high-contrast illumination environment, thus may determine that target brightness value YtargetIt is the second brightness value Yblth��
If e average brightness value is less than the second luminance threshold, and the difference of the median luminance value of the average brightness value of current frame image and image is more than or equal to default difference threshold, then capture apparatus determines that target brightness value is the 3rd default brightness value.
If the average brightness value Y of current frame imagenLess than the second luminance threshold YlowthdAnd the average brightness value Y of current frame imagenDifference D with the median luminance value of imageLMore than or equal to default difference threshold Dthd, then capture apparatus may determine that shooting environmental is normal illumination environment, thus may determine that target brightness value YtargetIt is the 3rd brightness value Ynorm��
After determining target brightness value by the a-e in above-mentioned steps 2051, capture apparatus can calculate the exposure value of the next frame image of current frame image according to target brightness value. It should be noted that, in the step 2051 of the embodiment of the present invention, capture apparatus determines target brightness value according to different shooting environmental, such that it is able to accurately calculate, according to the brightness value that concrete shooting environmental is corresponding, the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding more exactly, and then the target light exposure time suitable in concrete shooting environmental can be calculated more exactly.
2052, capture apparatus is according to exposure value corresponding to the average brightness value of current frame image, current frame image and target brightness value, calculates the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding.
Obtaining after target brightness value, capture apparatus can calculate, according to below equation two, the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding:
EVn+1=EVn+log2Yn-log2Ytarget(formula two)
In formula two, EVn+1Represent the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, EVnRepresent the exposure value that current frame image is corresponding, YnRepresent the average brightness value of current frame image, YtargetRepresent target brightness value.
Or, in formula two, EVn+1The exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, EV can be representednThe exposure value that background model image is corresponding, Y can be representednThe average brightness value of background model image, Y can be representedtargetCan representing target brightness value, wherein, background model image can be determined according to the method that the above-mentioned part of embodiment describes.
Or, EVn+1The exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, EV can be representednDefault exposure value, Y can be representednDefault average brightness value, Y can be representedtargetTarget brightness value can be represented.
Wherein, capture apparatus can be previously stored with look-up table, referring to table 1, look-up table be preserved the corresponding relation of the logarithm value that each brightness value and each brightness value are the end with 2 within the scope of gray scale, such that it is able to quickly determine the log in formula two by look-up table2YnAnd log2Ytarget, and then quickly calculate the exposure value that the next frame image obtaining current frame image is corresponding, quickly determine the target light exposure time.
Table 1
| Brightness value | 1 | 2 | 3 | �� | 128 | �� | 255 |
| Logarithm | 0 | 1 | 1.585 | �� | 7 | 7.994 |
Referring to Figure 10, on the basis of step 205, step 203 being determined, the target light exposure time specifically may include that
Capture apparatus calculates the target light exposure time according to the exposure value that the next frame image of target focal distance and current frame image is corresponding.
Wherein, the expression formula of target light exposure time is formula one:
In formula one, T represents the target light exposure time, and F represents target focal distance, EVn+1Represent the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding.
After passing through quickly to calculate the exposure value that acquisition target focal distance is corresponding with the next frame image of current frame image, can calculate according to above-mentioned formula two and obtain the target light exposure time being applicable to shooting environmental, and gather at least one two field picture after current frame image to record lightning event in time according to target focal distance, the image of lightning event there is is to be exposed the record collected according to the target light exposure time, thus obtaining the image of exposure appropriateness, it is to avoid image overexposure or image exposure are not enough.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of image pickup method, capture apparatus is by the difference of the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in the previous frame image of the pixel in calculating current frame image and current frame image, and in the difference quantity more than or equal to the pixel of the first default luminance threshold, during more than or equal to predetermined number threshold value, quickly determine that lightning event will occur, thus calculating target focal distance and target light exposure time in time, and gather at least one two field picture after current frame image to record lightning event in time according to target focal distance, the image of lightning event there is is to be exposed the record collected according to the target light exposure time, thus obtaining the image of exposure appropriateness, avoid image overexposure.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of capture apparatus 400, and referring to Figure 13, this capture apparatus 400 may include that
Acquisition module 401, it is possible to for according to presetting focal distance collection image.
Processing module 402, it is possible to being used for the pixel and the difference of the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in associated picture that calculate in current frame image, associated picture includes previous frame image or the background model image of current frame image; If in current frame image, difference is more than or equal to the quantity of the pixel of the first default luminance threshold, more than or equal to predetermined number threshold value, then calculates target focal distance and target light exposure time.
Acquisition module 401 can be also used for, and gathers at least one two field picture after current frame image according to target focal distance.
Processing module 402 can be also used for, and according to the target light exposure time, at least one two field picture after current frame image is exposed.
Wherein, default focal distance can focus on focal distance corresponding during the target of infinite point for capture apparatus 400.
Processing module 402 can be specifically for:
Determine the hunting zone [L of Searching point1,L2], Searching point is on the line of the central point of central point and the imaging surface of capture apparatus 400 camera lens, and Searching point and camera lens are positioned at the same side of imaging surface, L1More than or equal to 0, L2Less than or equal to the camera lens of capture apparatus 400 relative to the ultimate range of imaging surface, the initial value of Searching point is set for presetting focal distance, the initial value of step-size in search is set;
Searching point is updated according to step-size in search;
Calculate the autofocus evaluation function value that the Searching point before and after updating is corresponding;
Magnitude relationship according to autofocus evaluation function value corresponding to Searching point before and after updating updates step-size in search;
Circulation performs said process until the step-size in search after updating is less than or equal to default step-length threshold value, and Searching point is target focal distance relative to the distance of imaging surface.
Additionally, processing module 402 can be also used for, according to the exposure value that the parameter of current frame image, default exposure parameter and current frame image are corresponding, calculate the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding;
The exposure value that next frame image according to target focal distance and current frame image is corresponding, calculates the target light exposure time, and the expression formula of target light exposure time is formula one:
Wherein, T represents the target light exposure time, and F represents target focal distance, EVn+1Represent the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding.
Alternatively, processing module 402 can be specifically for, determines target brightness value according to the average brightness value of default exposure parameter and current frame image;
The exposure value corresponding according to the average brightness value of current frame image, current frame image and target brightness value, calculate the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, and the expression formula of the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding is formula two:
EVn+1=EVn+log2Yn-log2Ytarget
EVn+1Represent the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, EVnRepresent the exposure value that current frame image is corresponding, YnRepresent the average brightness value of current frame image, YtargetRepresent target brightness value.
Processing module 402 can also be specifically for, calculates the difference of the average brightness value of current frame image and the median luminance value of image;
If average brightness value is more than or equal to the second default luminance threshold and less than or equal to the 3rd default luminance threshold, it is determined that target brightness value is average brightness value;
If average brightness value is more than the 3rd luminance threshold, it is determined that target brightness value is the first default brightness value;
If average brightness value is less than the second luminance threshold, and the difference of the median luminance value of the average brightness value of current frame image and image is less than default difference threshold, it is determined that target brightness value is the second default brightness value;
If average brightness value is less than the second luminance threshold, and the difference of the median luminance value of the average brightness value of current frame image and image is more than or equal to default difference threshold, it is determined that target brightness value is the 3rd default brightness value.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of capture apparatus, by the difference of the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in the previous frame image of the pixel in calculating current frame image and current frame image, and in the difference quantity more than or equal to the pixel of the first default luminance threshold, during more than or equal to predetermined number threshold value, quickly determine that lightning event will occur, thus calculating target focal distance and target light exposure time in time, and gather at least one two field picture after current frame image to record lightning event in time according to target focal distance, the image of lightning event there is is to be exposed the record collected according to the target light exposure time, thus obtaining the image of exposure appropriateness, avoid image overexposure.
Further embodiment of this invention provides a kind of capture apparatus, this capture apparatus can include the parts such as camera lens, sensitive chip, A/D converter, microprocessor, display screen, storage medium, specifically may refer to the structural representation shown in Fig. 2, the description of each parts is referred to above detailed description to Fig. 2. Wherein, microprocessor can correspond to the processing module in structure shown in Figure 13, and each parts for controlling capture apparatus perform the image pickup method that said method embodiment provides. Camera lens and sensitive chip etc. can correspond to the acquisition module in structure shown in Figure 13, gather image for the image pickup method provided according to said method embodiment.
It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention illustrates to shoot lightning event, during for shooting other specific events, similar with the process of shooting lightning event, repeat no more here.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed equipment and method, it is possible to realize by another way. Such as, device embodiment described above is merely schematic, such as, the division of described unit, being only a kind of logic function to divide, actual can have other dividing mode when realizing, for instance multiple unit or assembly can in conjunction with or be desirably integrated into another system, or some features can ignore, or do not perform. Another point, shown or discussed coupling each other or direct-coupling or communication connection can be through INDIRECT COUPLING or the communication connection of some interfaces, device or unit, it is possible to be electrical, machinery or other form.
The described unit illustrated as separating component can be or may not be physically separate, and the parts shown as unit can be or may not be physical location, namely may be located at a place, or can also be distributed on multiple NE. Some or all of unit therein can be selected according to the actual needs to realize the purpose of the present embodiment scheme.
It addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated in a processing module, it is also possible to be that the independent physics of unit includes, it is also possible to two or more unit are integrated in a unit. Above-mentioned integrated unit both can adopt the form of hardware to realize, it would however also be possible to employ hardware adds the form of SFU software functional unit and realizes.
The above-mentioned integrated unit realized with the form of SFU software functional unit, it is possible to be stored in a computer read/write memory medium. Above-mentioned SFU software functional unit is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions with so that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.) perform the part steps of method described in each embodiment of the present invention. And aforesaid storage medium includes: the various media that can store program code such as USB flash disk, portable hard drive, read only memory (Read-OnlyMemory is called for short ROM), random access memory ram, magnetic disc or CDs.
Last it is noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme, it is not intended to limit; Although the present invention being described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that: the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments still can be modified by it, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent replacement; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (12)
1. an image pickup method, it is characterised in that including:
Image is gathered according to default focal distance;
Calculating the pixel in current frame image and the difference of the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in associated picture, described associated picture includes previous frame image or the background model image of current frame image;
If in current frame image, described difference is more than or equal to the quantity of the pixel of the first default luminance threshold, more than or equal to predetermined number threshold value, then calculates target focal distance and target light exposure time;
Gather at least one two field picture after current frame image according to described target focal distance, and according to the described target light exposure time, at least one two field picture after current frame image is exposed.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the focal distance that described default focal distance is corresponding when being the target of capture apparatus focusing infinite point.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described calculating target focal distance includes:
Determine the hunting zone [L of Searching point1,L2], described Searching point is on the line of the central point of central point and the imaging surface of capture apparatus camera lens, and described Searching point is positioned at the same side of described imaging surface, described L with described camera lens1More than or equal to 0, described L2Less than or equal to the camera lens of described capture apparatus relative to the ultimate range of imaging surface, the initial value arranging described Searching point is described default focal distance, arranges the initial value of step-size in search;
Searching point is updated according to described step-size in search;
Calculate the autofocus evaluation function value that the Searching point before and after updating is corresponding;
Magnitude relationship according to autofocus evaluation function value corresponding to Searching point before and after updating updates described step-size in search;
Circulation performs said process until the step-size in search after updating is less than or equal to default step-length threshold value, and described Searching point is described target focal distance relative to the distance of described imaging surface.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before calculating the target light exposure time, described method also includes:
The exposure value that parameter according to current frame image, default exposure parameter and current frame image are corresponding, calculates the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding;
The calculating target light exposure time includes:
The exposure value that next frame image according to described target focal distance and current frame image is corresponding, calculates the target light exposure time, and the expression formula of described target light exposure time is formula one:
Wherein, described T represents that target light exposure time, described F represent target focal distance, described EVn+1Represent the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the exposure value that the described parameter according to current frame image, default exposure parameter and current frame image are corresponding, the exposure value that the next frame image of calculating current frame image is corresponding includes:
Average brightness value according to default exposure parameter and current frame image determines target brightness value;
The exposure value corresponding according to the average brightness value of current frame image, current frame image and target brightness value, calculating the exposure value corresponding to next frame image of current frame image, the expression formula of the exposure value that the next frame image of described current frame image is corresponding is formula two:
EVn+1=EVn+log2Yn-log2Ytarget
Described EVn+1Represent the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, described EVnRepresent the exposure value that current frame image is corresponding, described YnRepresent the average brightness value of current frame image, described YtargetRepresent target brightness value.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that exposure parameter and the average brightness value of current frame image that described basis is preset determine that target brightness value includes:
Calculate the difference of the average brightness value of current frame image and the median luminance value of image;
If described average brightness value is more than or equal to the second default luminance threshold and less than or equal to the 3rd default luminance threshold, it is determined that described target brightness value is described average brightness value;
If described average brightness value is more than described 3rd luminance threshold, it is determined that described target brightness value is the first default brightness value;
If described average brightness value is less than described second luminance threshold, and the difference of the median luminance value of the average brightness value of current frame image and image is less than default difference threshold, it is determined that described target brightness value is the second default brightness value;
If described average brightness value is less than described second luminance threshold, and the difference of the median luminance value of the average brightness value of current frame image and image is more than or equal to default difference threshold, it is determined that described target brightness value is the 3rd default brightness value.
7. a capture apparatus, it is characterised in that including:
Acquisition module, for according to presetting focal distance collection image;
Processing module, is used for the pixel and the difference of the brightness value of the pixel of correspondence position in associated picture that calculate in current frame image, and described associated picture includes previous frame image or the background model image of current frame image; If in current frame image, described difference is more than or equal to the quantity of the pixel of the first default luminance threshold, more than or equal to predetermined number threshold value, then calculates target focal distance and target light exposure time;
Described acquisition module is additionally operable to, and gathers at least one two field picture after current frame image according to described target focal distance;
Described processing module is additionally operable to, and according to the described target light exposure time, at least one two field picture after current frame image is exposed.
8. equipment according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the focal distance that described default focal distance is corresponding when being the target of capture apparatus focusing infinite point.
9. the equipment according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that described processing module specifically for:
Determine the hunting zone [L of Searching point1,L2], described Searching point is on the line of the central point of central point and the imaging surface of capture apparatus camera lens, and described Searching point is positioned at the same side of described imaging surface, described L with described camera lens1More than or equal to 0, described L2Less than or equal to the camera lens of described capture apparatus relative to the ultimate range of imaging surface, the initial value arranging described Searching point is described default focal distance, arranges the initial value of step-size in search;
Searching point is updated according to described step-size in search;
Calculate the autofocus evaluation function value that the Searching point before and after updating is corresponding;
Magnitude relationship according to autofocus evaluation function value corresponding to Searching point before and after updating updates described step-size in search;
Circulation performs said process until the step-size in search after updating is less than or equal to default step-length threshold value, and described Searching point is described target focal distance relative to the distance of described imaging surface.
10. equipment according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described processing module is additionally operable to:
The exposure value that parameter according to current frame image, default exposure parameter and current frame image are corresponding, calculates the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding;
The exposure value that next frame image according to described target focal distance and current frame image is corresponding, calculates the target light exposure time, and the expression formula of described target light exposure time is formula one:
Wherein, described T represents that target light exposure time, described F represent target focal distance, described EVn+1Represent the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding.
11. equipment according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described processing module specifically for:
Average brightness value according to default exposure parameter and current frame image determines target brightness value;
The exposure value corresponding according to the average brightness value of current frame image, current frame image and target brightness value, calculating the exposure value corresponding to next frame image of current frame image, the expression formula of the exposure value that the next frame image of described current frame image is corresponding is formula two:
EVn+1=EVn+log2Yn-log2Ytarget
Described EVn+1Represent the exposure value that the next frame image of current frame image is corresponding, described EVnRepresent the exposure value that current frame image is corresponding, described YnRepresent the average brightness value of current frame image, described YtargetRepresent target brightness value.
12. equipment according to claim 11, it is characterised in that described processing module specifically for:
Calculate the difference of the average brightness value of current frame image and the median luminance value of image;
If described average brightness value is more than or equal to the second default luminance threshold and less than or equal to the 3rd default luminance threshold, it is determined that described target brightness value is described average brightness value;
If described average brightness value is more than described 3rd luminance threshold, it is determined that described target brightness value is the first default brightness value;
If described average brightness value is less than described second luminance threshold, and the difference of the median luminance value of the average brightness value of current frame image and image is less than default difference threshold, it is determined that described target brightness value is the second default brightness value;
If described average brightness value is less than described second luminance threshold, and the difference of the median luminance value of the average brightness value of current frame image and image is more than or equal to default difference threshold, it is determined that described target brightness value is the 3rd default brightness value.
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Application publication date: 20160601 |