CN105634352B - Engine controller over-voltage protection method and system - Google Patents
Engine controller over-voltage protection method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105634352B CN105634352B CN201410623742.XA CN201410623742A CN105634352B CN 105634352 B CN105634352 B CN 105634352B CN 201410623742 A CN201410623742 A CN 201410623742A CN 105634352 B CN105634352 B CN 105634352B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of engine controller over-voltage protection methods and system, method to include：The voltage of Support Capacitor inside engine controller is obtained in real time；Voltage sample set is updated, so that the voltage for the Support Capacitor that set includes current sample time and n sampling instant before obtains respectively；Determine the maximum voltage and minimum voltage in set；Calculate the voltage difference of maximum voltage and minimum voltage；Judge whether voltage difference is more than the voltage difference threshold value of setting；If it is, the drive signal of block engine controller internal power switching device.Using the present invention; the phenomenon that voltage of Support Capacitor steeply rises can be effectively captured immediately; it being capable of effectively early warning abnormal conditions; protection is carried out before virtual voltage is not up to the limiting voltage that device for power switching can bear; achieve the purpose that prevent device for power switching from damaging, economic benefit is apparent；Using the protected mode of pure software, different application occasion only can be flexibly applied to by changing voltage difference threshold value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to over-voltage protection technique field more particularly to a kind of engine controller over-voltage protection method and
System.
Background technology
Plug-in hybrid-power automobile is State Council's issue《Energy saving and new-energy automobile industrial development planning (2012-
The year two thousand twenty)》In emphasis promote vehicle, plug-in hybrid-power automobile has a set of Engine-Generator system group, by engine
Kinetic energy by generator system be energy-storage system or driving motor system power supply.Wherein generator system is usually same by permanent magnetism
Generator and engine controller composition are walked, engine controller uses three phase controllable commutating bridge topological structure, and Fig. 1 shows hair
The main circuit of electric system and the structure diagram of affiliated partner, in Fig. 1, B represents vehicle energy-storage system, and (accumulator is super
Capacitance), capacity is generally the tens of or even up to a hundred farads of orders of magnitude；K1 is pre-charge contactor, and R1 is pre-charge resistance, the two group
Into preliminary filling electrical circuit be used to prevent that engine controller from powering on when energy-storage system on impact of the voltage to Support Capacitor C；K is
Main contactor, main contactor K is in closure state after pre-charge process, is flowed through for the energy under normal power generation state logical
Road；C is Support Capacitor, realizes filtering, energy storage to DC voltage, generally thousands of microfarad orders of magnitude；V1、V2、V3、V4、V5、
V6 is 6 IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor) V1~V6, they
The controllable rectifier bridge of composition is responsible for energy conversion, wherein, V1-V4, V2-V5, V3-V6 respectively form an IGBT bridge, and each
Voltage peak on IGBT is the voltage value on Support Capacitor C；Udc represents voltage sensor Udc, detects Support Capacitor C in real time
DC voltage value (i.e. the voltages at Support Capacitor C both ends), high voltage signal is converted into low voltage signal and is sent to control panel
Continuous processing；M is magneto alternator, and the engine of it and vehicle is fixed together, and engine is as its input prime mover.
When vehicle energy-storage system B requires supplementation with electricity, entire car controller sends power generation command to engine controller and (opens
Machine mark and brake torque value), control panel synthesis vehicle power generation command and generator system inside controller currently run shape
State (motor speed, position, three-phase alternating current, the voltage etc. of Support Capacitor C), according to SVPWM (Space Vector Pulse
Width Modulation, space vector pulse width modulation) control algolithm generation meet instruction desired 6 tunnel PWM driving pulse letter
Number, respectively drive the break-make of 6 IGBT V1~V6.Three-phase alternating voltage from magneto alternator M passes through 6 IGBT
DC voltage has just been obtained at Support Capacitor C both ends after V1~V6 conversion, has been mended after main contactor K for vehicle energy-storage system B
Charge volume.
Generating voltage is excessively high in order to prevent, generally sets over-voltage protection function inside controller, however the prior art
In conventional power generation usage machine controller over-voltage protection method there are following defects：Conventional power generation usage machine controller over-voltage protection method
There are real-time it is not strong the characteristics of, although under normal operating conditions because of the external energy-storage system of vehicle large capacity of controller,
Voltage will not change dramatically, the hysteresis of protection will not bring harm, but in abnormal cases, i.e., be in controller
During generator operation state main contactor K have occurred transience disjunction (the temporary dead electricity of control power supply of main contactor K, master connect
The main contacts of tentaculum K is beated due to vibration) in the case of, controller is caused to be disconnected with external energy-storage system, generator generates
Energy will all be absorbed by Support Capacitor C of the engine controller internal parallel at IGBT both ends, the electricity of Support Capacitor C at this time
Pressure will steeply rise, and can exceed that the peak value withstanding voltage that device for power switching IGBT allows, IGBT is caused to damage.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：Conventional power generation usage machine controller over-voltage protection method there are real-time not
The characteristics of strong, in abnormal cases, the energy that generator generates will be all by engine controller internal parallel at IGBT both ends
Support Capacitor absorb, the voltage of Support Capacitor will steeply rise at this time, it is likely that more than IGBT allow peak value withstanding voltage,
IGBT is caused to damage.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of engine controller over-voltage protection method and it is
System can judge to whether there is the risk of overvoltage on IGBT in advance, so as to be not up to the pole that IGBT bears in actual voltage
Protection is carried out before voltage limit in advance.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of engine controller over-voltage protection method, including：
The voltage of Support Capacitor inside the engine controller is obtained every the sampling interval of setting；
Voltage sample set is updated, so that the voltage sample set includes current sample time and current sample time
The voltage for the Support Capacitor that n sampling instant before obtains respectively, the n are the natural number more than 0；
Determine the maximum voltage and minimum voltage in the voltage sample set；
Calculate the voltage difference of the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage；
Judge whether the voltage difference is more than the voltage difference threshold value of setting；
If it is, block the drive signal of the engine controller internal power switching device.
Preferably, the method further includes and sets the voltage difference threshold value offline, described to set the voltage difference offline
Threshold value includes：
It is determined to the minimum charge current for causing abnormal conditions；
According to the minimum charge current, the capacitance of the Support Capacitor, the sampling interval and the n, standard is determined
Voltage difference threshold value；
According to the quasi- voltage difference threshold value and the retardation coefficient of setting, the voltage difference threshold value is determined.
Preferably, the minimum charge current for being determined to cause abnormal conditions includes：
The maximum charging current and the ratio of setting allowed according to vehicle energy-storage system, is determined to cause abnormal conditions
Charging current scope；
The charging current of value minimum in the range of the charging current is determined as the minimum charge current.
Preferably, according toThe quasi- voltage difference threshold value is calculated, wherein I is the minimum charge current,
Δ t is the sampling interval, and c is the capacitance of the Support Capacitor.
Preferably, the voltage difference threshold value is the business of the quasi- voltage difference threshold value divided by the retardation coefficient, described to prolong
Slow coefficient is the real number more than 1.
A kind of engine controller overvoltage protection system, including：
Voltage sampling unit is arranged to obtain Support Capacitor inside the engine controller every the sampling interval of setting
Voltage；
Updating block is arranged to update voltage sample set, so that the voltage sample set includes current sample time
And the voltage of the Support Capacitor that n sampling instant before current sample time obtains respectively, the n are more than 0
Natural number；
Voltage determination unit is arranged to determine the maximum voltage and minimum voltage in the voltage sample set；
Voltage difference computing unit is arranged to calculate the voltage difference of the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage；
Judging unit is arranged to judge the voltage difference the threshold value whether voltage difference is more than setting；
Drive signal blocks unit, is arranged to, in the case where the voltage difference is more than the voltage difference threshold value, block institute
State the drive signal of engine controller internal power switching device.
Preferably, the system also includes the offline setup unit of voltage difference threshold value, it is arranged to set the voltage offline
Poor threshold value, the offline setup unit of voltage difference threshold value include：
Minimum charge current determination unit is arranged to be determined to the minimum charge current for causing abnormal conditions；
Quasi- voltage difference threshold value determination unit, be arranged to according to the minimum charge current, the capacitance of the Support Capacitor,
The sampling interval and the n determine quasi- voltage difference threshold value；
Voltage difference threshold value determination unit is arranged to the retardation coefficient according to the quasi- voltage difference threshold value and setting, determines institute
State voltage difference threshold value.
Preferably, the minimum charge current determination unit is specifically configured to：Allowed most according to vehicle energy-storage system
Big charging current and the ratio of setting, are determined to the charging current scope for causing abnormal conditions；By the charging current scope
The charging current of interior value minimum is determined as the minimum charge current.
Preferably, the quasi- voltage difference threshold value determination unit is specifically configured to：According toDescribed in calculating
Quasi- voltage difference threshold value, wherein I are the minimum charge current, and Δ t is the sampling interval, and c is the capacitance of the Support Capacitor
Value.
Preferably, the voltage difference threshold value determination unit is specifically configured to：By the quasi- voltage difference threshold value divided by described
The business of retardation coefficient, is determined as the voltage difference threshold value, and the retardation coefficient is the real number more than 1.
Compared with prior art, one or more of said program embodiment can have the following advantages that or beneficial to effect
Fruit：
Using the engine controller over-voltage protection method and system described in the present embodiment, during by real-time monitoring and setting
Between in section inside engine controller the voltage of Support Capacitor variation tendency, can be caught in conventional software over-voltage protection method
The phenomenon that just effectively voltage of capture Support Capacitor steeply rises immediately before grasping abnormal conditions, so as to effectively pre-
Alert abnormal conditions carry out protection, by different before virtual voltage is not up to the limiting voltage that device for power switching can bear
Shut-off is connected in parallel on the device for power switching of Support Capacitor immediately in the case of often, and having reached prevents device for power switching due to overvoltage
The purpose of damage, since the cost of device for power switching is higher, so the economic benefit of the present invention is apparent；Further, since this hair
Bright embodiment only with pure software protected mode, so not increasing any hardware cost, only by changing voltage difference threshold value i.e.
Different application scenarios can flexibly be adapted to, flexibility is strong.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, and partly becomes from specification
It is clear that understood by implementing the present invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can be by wanting in specification, right
Specifically noted structure is sought in book and attached drawing to realize and obtain.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and a part for constitution instruction, the reality with the present invention
It applies example to be provided commonly for explaining the present invention, not be construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the main circuit of generator system and the structure diagram of affiliated partner；
Fig. 2 shows the flow chart of engine controller over-voltage protection method of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the protecting effect schematic diagram using the first guard method, which includes the prior art
Middle conventional software over-voltage protection method, guard method shown in Fig. 2 remove the method for final step and in order to avoid burning
The hardware over-voltage protection method ruined IGBT and added in；
Fig. 4 shows the protecting effect schematic diagram using the second guard method, which includes the prior art
Middle conventional software over-voltage protection method and guard method shown in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 shows the flow chart for the method for setting the voltage difference threshold value in the embodiment of the present invention offline；
Fig. 6 shows the structure diagram of engine controller overvoltage protection system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 shows the structure diagram of the offline setup unit of voltage difference threshold value in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Carry out the embodiment that the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawings and embodiments, how the present invention is applied whereby
Technological means solves technical problem, and the realization process for reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.It needs to illustrate
As long as not forming conflict, each embodiment in the present invention and each feature in each embodiment can be combined with each other,
The technical solution formed is within protection scope of the present invention.
To more fully understand the present invention, conventional power generation usage machine controller over-voltage protection method is described in detail first：
On hybrid vehicle, the three of the ac input end connection magneto alternator M of engine controller are intersecting
End is flowed, DC output end is connected to vehicle energy-storage system B by contactor.In order to ensure that generating voltage permits not higher than energy-storage system
Perhaps bear voltage, Normal practice is to control voltage value that Support Capacitor C is periodically sampled in program, itself and software are set
Fixed overvoltage threshold values is compared, if the voltage of current Support Capacitor C is more than preset overvoltage threshold values, then it is assumed that go out
Overvoltage failure is showed, has blocked the drive signal of 6 road IGBT V1~V6 immediately, stopping continues to generate electricity.The IGBT's being typically chosen
Crest voltage parameter can be 1.5~2 times of energy-storage system maximum operating voltage, thus under normal circumstances, this conventional software
Over-voltage protection method also can reliably protect IGBT while energy-storage system is protected.
It need to be converted in view of the voltage value that software sampling arrives through overvoltage sensor Udc, ability after the processing of voltage modulate circuit
Analog-to-digital conversion, voltage sensor are carried out into dsp chip (Digital Signal Processor, digital signal processing chip)
The components such as Udc and resistance, capacitance, operational amplifier used in modulate circuit all exist in itself certain non-linear, noise,
The various factors for influencing result precision such as temperature drift, response time, there is also by mistake in itself for the analog-to-digital conversion module of dsp chip in addition
Difference.Therefore in conventional software over-voltage protection method in order not to because various device errors, noise when interference due to occur protecting by mistake,
The voltage results that sample must be carried out after digital filtering processing (such as the sampled result of n times is taken to carry out arithmetic average) again with
Overvoltage threshold values is compared, this unavoidably causes the delay of overvoltage protection action, and real-time is not strong.
Under normal circumstances, (such as super capacitor capacity is generally up to one, 200 to the very big vehicle energy-storage system B of vehicle capacity
Farad the order of magnitude) be connected in parallel on by main contactor K on internal Support Capacitor C, the voltage on Support Capacitor C be not in drastically on
It rises, so as to which conventional software overvoltage protection is enough the effective action before voltage rises to dangerous values.
However in abnormal cases, when engine controller is in generator operation state, if main contactor K has occurred
(because externally fed circuit causes contactor control coil intermittence dead electricity extremely, contactor main contacts is in itself for the disjunction of transience
It is vibrated to wait influences that tripping etc. occurs), engine controller DC side is disconnected with external energy-storage system, and the energy for the generation that generates electricity will
It is all absorbed by Support Capacitor C inside controller (generally there was only thousands of microfarad orders of magnitude), the voltage of Support Capacitor C will be anxious at this time
Play rises, and can exceed that the peak value withstanding voltage that IGBT allows, IGBT is caused to damage.
For the speed that the voltage that Support Capacitor C in abnormal cases is well understood steeply rises, following derive is carried out：
For sake of convenience, hypothesis below is done first：The normal working voltage scope U of vehicle energy-storage system BbatteryFor 300V
~600V；Charging current I maximum allowable vehicle energy-storage system BbatteryFor 250A；The capacity C of vehicle energy-storage system BbatteryFor
160F；The capacity c of Support Capacitor C is 1500 μ F；The crest voltage U of IGBTlimFor 1200V；Support Capacitor C voltage timing sampling
Cycle tsampleFor 125 μ s.
Be based on more than hypotheses, under normal power generation operating condition, vehicle energy-storage system B always with engine controller
Internal Support Capacitor C is connected by main contactor K.At this point, calculating i.e. vehicle energy-storage system B under limiting case has been in voltage height
Position 600V, and currently charged with the charging current of 250A to it, then the voltage of vehicle energy-storage system B is charged to holding for 1200V needs
The continuous time is
In abnormal cases, i.e. main contactor K, which breaks down, there is provisional disjunction, branch only inside engine controller
It supports capacitance C and absorbs generated energy.Still considering limiting case, i.e. energy-storage system has been in voltage high 600V, and currently with 250A
To its charging, then the duration that voltage is charged to 1200V needs is
By the above-mentioned result of calculation to the charging time under normal circumstances and the calculating knot to the abnormal conditions lower charging time
Fruit understands that the time (384s) for leaving control software protection under normal circumstances is approximately to leave what control software was protected under abnormal conditions for
100000 times of time (3.6ms), so as to if still using conventional software overvoltage protection mode, protect in abnormal cases
Before shield action, the voltage on IGBT may already exceed 1200V, so as to very likely result in the permanent damages of IGBT.
To sum up, conventional software over-voltage protection method can only protect the voltage under normal operation on IGBT without departing from the phase
The protection value of prestige is excessive, can not be protected in time for the overvoltage steeply risen on IGBT in the case of main contactor K exception disjunctions.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of engine controller over-voltage protection methods, can judge to whether there is on IGBT in advance
The risk of voltage, so as to carry out protection in advance before actual voltage is not up to the limiting voltage that IGBT bears.
As shown in Fig. 2, be the flow chart of engine controller over-voltage protection method of the embodiment of the present invention, the overvoltage
Guard method comprises the following steps：
Step 101：The voltage of Support Capacitor C inside the engine controller is obtained every the sampling interval of setting.
Specifically, those skilled in the art can utilize voltage sensor Udc to gather the generator control shown in Fig. 1 in real time
The voltage of Support Capacitor C inside device, particularly, since the rate of voltage rise of Support Capacitor C in abnormal cases is very fast, institute
With in specific implementation process, it is more short better that the sampling interval is set to, more it is possible to capture generator system immediately
Abnormal conditions.
Step 102：Voltage sample set is updated, so that the voltage sample set is including current sample time and currently
The voltage for the Support Capacitor C that n sampling instant before sampling instant obtains respectively, the n are the natural number more than 0.
Specifically, record the simultaneously voltage for the Support Capacitor C that real-time update current sample time obtains and adopted apart from currently
The voltage for the Support Capacitor C that the nearest n sampling instant of sample moment obtains respectively, n is the natural number more than 0 here, by this n+1
The voltage composition voltage sample set of a Support Capacitor C, convenient for statement, the voltage sample set expression is：{Udc_tmp[t-
n],Udc_tmp[t-n+1],…,Udc_tmp[t] }, t represents current sample time, U in formuladc_tmp[t] represents current sample time t
The voltage of the Support Capacitor C of acquisition, Udc_tmp[t-n] represents the voltage for the Support Capacitor C that sampling instant t-n is obtained.In order to protect
The real-time of protection is sampled, it is necessary to update the voltage sample set in each sampling instant, specifically：Often obtain one most
After new sampled voltage, i.e., real-time update is carried out to the data in the voltage sample set of caching, abandon earliest Udc_tmp[t-
N], by U beforedc_tmp[t-n+1] dumps to Udc_tmp[t-n], and so on, and by current sample time obtain it is newest
Sampled voltage is cached to Udc_tmpIn [t], to ensure the real-time of sampling protection.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, n is set to 19, i.e., system is in real time by newest 20 sampling electricity
Pressure caching is into the voltage sample set.
Step 103：Determine the maximum voltage and minimum voltage in the voltage sample set.
Specifically, in the corresponding voltage sample set of current sample time, the voltage of all Support Capacitor C is determined most
Big value Udc_maxWith minimum value Udc_min.In specific implementation process, those skilled in the art can be first to the voltage sample collection
The voltage value of all Support Capacitor C cached in conjunction is ranked up from big to small, contact potential series is formed, by the head of the queue of contact potential series
As the maximum voltage Udc_max, while using the tail of the queue of contact potential series as the minimum voltage Udc_min.Certainly, this field skill
Art personnel can also take other conventional means to determine maximum voltage and minimum voltage in voltage sample set, herein not
Carry out expansion explanation.
Step 104：Calculate the voltage difference of the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage.
Specifically, maximum voltage U is calculateddc_maxSubtract minimum voltage Udc_minDifference, and using the difference of the two as electricity
Pressure difference Udif, specific formula for calculation Udif=Udc_max-Udc_min。
Step 105：Judge whether the voltage difference is more than the voltage difference threshold value of setting.
Specifically, voltage difference U is judgeddifWith the voltage difference threshold value U of settingprotectMagnitude relationship, here, voltage difference threshold
Value needs are pre-set, and store in the control module, i.e. voltage difference threshold value UprotectNeed to set offline, specifically from
Line setting method flow is set forth in hereinafter in conjunction with Fig. 5.
Step 106：If it is, block the drive signal of the engine controller internal power switching device.
Specifically, if through comparison voltage difference UdifBig small voltage difference threshold value UprotectWhen, i.e. Udif-Uprotect>When 0, mould is controlled
The drive signal of all device for power switching inside block lock engine controller, here, the power inside engine controller
Switching device can be IGBT or other device for power switching, and corresponding engine controller shown in FIG. 1 then controls
Module blocks the driving pulse of 6 device for power switching IGBT V1~V6, so that 6 IGBT V1~V6 are completely in pass
Disconnected state, engine controller exit generator operation state.
In conclusion using the engine controller over-voltage protection method described in the present embodiment, set by monitoring in real time
The variation tendency of the voltage of engine controller inside Support Capacitor C in section of fixing time, can be in conventional software overvoltage protection
Method just effectively captures the phenomenon that Support Capacitor C voltage steeply rises immediately before capturing abnormal conditions, so as to have
Effect ground early warning abnormal conditions, do before virtual voltage is not up to the limiting voltage that device for power switching (such as IGBT) can bear
Good protection is connected in parallel on the device for power switching at Support Capacitor C both ends by shut-off immediately in abnormal cases, and having reached prevents work(
The purpose that rate switching device damages due to overvoltage, since the cost of device for power switching is higher, so the economic effect of the present invention
It is beneficial apparent；Further, since protected mode of the embodiment of the present invention only with pure software, so not increasing any hardware cost, only
Different application scenarios can flexibly be adapted to by changing voltage difference threshold value, flexibility is strong.
In order to verify the protecting effect of the over-voltage protection method described in the embodiment of the present invention, with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 couples
Two experimental tests answered carry out expansion explanation, and two tests are the unexpected disjunctions in the case where engine controller is in generating state
The test that main contactor K is carried out, the safeguard measure under two tests is otherwise varied, specifically：
First experimental test, the voltage protection threshold value set in conventional software over-voltage protection method are arranged to 570V,
Increase the step 101 of over-voltage protection method of the embodiment of the present invention in program simultaneously to the software early warning work(of step 105 part
Can, but program does not make any protection act after the generation of early warning failure, i.e., without step 106 locking pulse signal it is dynamic
Make.In addition, damaging the higher IGBT of cost in test in order to prevent, increase hardware overvoltage interim all the way on control panel
Protection, hardware overvoltage protection threshold values are arranged on 750V, (detect that the voltage of Support Capacitor C is more than after hardware protection occurs
After 750V) driving pulse of all IGBT will be blocked at once, stop power generation.The result of the test of test is shown in Fig. 3.
Before protecting effect shown in Fig. 3 is analyzed, first to the transverse and longitudinal coordinate in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and correlation curve into
Row is described in detail, and abscissa unit is draw data point quantity, and the time interval between each point is about 80ms, and ordinate is fortune
Row curve data amplitude, wherein for 3 marks：Abnormal conditions mark, main contactor disjunction mark and conventional software overvoltage
Come into force mark (3 marks are Boolean variable, are that fictitious time numerical value is 0, and numerical value is that 1), concrete numerical value is nonsensical when being true,
Just to see that figure is convenient, will be shown after its appropriate amplification factor.Seven kinds listed by Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 upper right corner it is linear according to
The meaning that order from top to bottom represents successively is：The first line style (capacitance voltage, unit V) represents the reality of Support Capacitor C
When voltage；Second of line style (response delay time, unit are μ s) represents to cut off (main contactor disjunction mark from main contactor K
It is true) moment starts to reach early warning guard mode to the voltage of Programmable detection to Support Capacitor C (i.e. abnormal conditions mark is true)
Until response time；The expression of the third line style (being abnormal the capacitance voltage at situation moment, unit V) reaches abnormal conditions
Mark is the Support Capacitor C voltage of true moment point；4th kind of line style (abnormal conditions mark) represents that software early warning failure occurs
(Udif>Uprotect) markings；5th kind of line style (main contactor disjunction mark) represents the markings of disjunction main contactor；The
Six kinds of line styles (conventional software overvoltage come into force mark) represent that conventional software overvoltage protection detects software overvoltage failure (electricity
Hold voltage>Markings 570V)；7th kind of line style (charging current, unit A) represents that the charging current of engine controller is bent
Line.
From figure 3, it can be seen that when the capacitance voltage of Support Capacitor C under being run with the charging current of 63A is about in 438V
Unexpected disjunction main contactor K (main contactor disjunction mark is true), using the embodiment of the present invention software warning function soon
This abnormal conditions (abnormal conditions mark is true) are detected, main contactor logo transition is genuine moment and abnormal conditions mark
The response time that will was changed between the genuine moment is about 640 μ s, and judge abnormal conditions logo transition for it is genuine when
The Support Capacitor C voltage at quarter is 610V.Due in the corresponding tests of Fig. 3, only abnormal conditions are carried out with software early warning detection and
Without protection act, i.e., the protection act of the pulse signal of the block device for power switching described in no step 106, so
The voltage of Support Capacitor C is still steeply rising, until when the hardware protection for rising to 750V comes into force.In addition, conventional software mistake
Voltage (capacitance voltage>(i.e. conventional software overvoltage comes into force mark when being true) captures than the embodiment of the present invention when 570V) coming into force
14 data points are lagged at the time of abnormal conditions (when i.e. abnormal conditions mark is true), i.e., about lag 14*80ms=1.12s.It is comprehensive
On can draw, using the over-voltage protection method described in the present embodiment can than conventional software over-voltage protection method in advance very
(1.12s) captures abnormal conditions for a long time, if without hardware protection method (setting of the voltage protection threshold value of 750V),
IGBT is probably damaged due to voltage is excessive.
Second experimental test, the voltage protection threshold value set in conventional software over-voltage protection method are arranged to 570V,
Increasing over-voltage protection method of the embodiment of the present invention in program simultaneously, (step 101 to step 106) is sent out in software early warning failure
Program sends block IGBT pulse commands at once after life, to stop generating electricity.The result of the test of test is shown in Fig. 4.
It is from fig. 4, it can be seen that unexpected when the capacitance voltage of Support Capacitor C under being run with 62A charging currents is about in 439V
Disjunction main contactor K (main contactor disjunction mark is true), is detected soon using the software warning function of the embodiment of the present invention
To this abnormal conditions (abnormal conditions mark is true), main contactor logo transition turns for genuine moment and abnormal conditions mark
It is about 628 μ s to become the response time between the genuine moment, and judges abnormal conditions logo transition for the genuine moment
Support Capacitor C voltage is 592V.The voltage of (block IGBT pulse signals after) Support Capacitor C is still after software early warning protection comes into force
Slightly rise, ceiling voltage 658V.However, conventional software overvoltage (capacitance voltage>(i.e. conventional software mistake when 570V) coming into force
Voltage comes into force mark when being true) it is stagnant (when i.e. abnormal conditions mark is true) at the time of capture abnormal conditions than the embodiment of the present invention
15 data points afterwards, i.e., about lag 15*80ms=1.2s.It can to sum up draw, using the overvoltage protection described in the present embodiment
Method can shift to an earlier date than conventional software over-voltage protection method captures abnormal conditions for a long time (1.2s), and is capturing
While abnormal conditions, the pulse signal of IGBT is blocked, effectively prevents what IGBT was damaged due to voltage is excessive so as to reach
Purpose.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the over-voltage protection method further includes offline setting electricity
The method of threshold pressure differential, Fig. 5 shows the flow chart of the method for offline setting voltage difference threshold value, as shown in figure 5, the offline setting
Method comprises the following steps：
Step 201：It is determined to the minimum charge current for causing abnormal conditions.
Specifically, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the minimum charging for being determined to cause abnormal conditions
The method of electric current is：According to the vehicle energy-storage system B maximum charging currents allowed and the ratio of setting, it is determined to cause exception
The charging current scope of situation；The charging current of value minimum in the range of the charging current is determined as the minimum electricity that charges
Stream.The present embodiment considers that electric voltage exception caused by the charging current of setting ratio scope is risen situation can judge exception in time
Situation is principle, it is assumed that the maximum charging current that vehicle energy-storage system B allows is 250A, and the ratio of setting is preferably 90%, then
The charging current scope that abnormal conditions can be caused is 250A*10%~250A, i.e. 25A~250A.Further, since charging current
Bigger, the voltage of Support Capacitor C rises faster, so need to only calculate charging current rises difference for the voltage under 25A.At this
In embodiment, it is 25A to determine minimum charge current.
Step 202：According to the minimum charge current, the capacitance of the Support Capacitor C, sampling interval and described
N determines quasi- voltage difference threshold value.
Specifically, the quasi- voltage difference threshold value is removed for the product of the minimum charge current, the sampling interval and (n+1)
With the business of the capacitance of the Support Capacitor C, i.e. basisCalculate quasi- voltage difference threshold value Uprotect*,
I represents minimum charge current in formula, and Δ t represents the sampling interval, and n is represented in voltage sample set except when outside preceding instance sample point
Comprising sampled point number, Δ t × n represents the corresponding time segment length of voltage sample set, and c represents the appearance of Support Capacitor C
Value still samples the preferred value implemented above, and the preferred values of I are 25A, and the preferred values of Δ t are for the 125 preferred values of μ s, n
19, c preferred values are 1500 μ F, then
Step 203：According to the quasi- voltage difference threshold value and the retardation coefficient of setting, the voltage difference threshold value is determined.
Specifically, it is further contemplated that for the voltage sample result judged to be protected to have passed through voltage sensor Udc transmission
Delay, the delay of control panel voltage modulate circuit, dsp chip analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) handle the various factors such as delay, and software is protected in addition
There are one shields, and software instruction is issued to the delay of Hardware Response Delay, reserves 1.5 times of protection allowance therefore, i.e. retardation coefficient to be preferably
1.5, i.e., by theoretical quasi- voltage difference threshold value Uprotect* the voltage difference threshold value U divided by after 1.5 is elected as againprotect, i.e.,In specific implementation process, to 27.7V roundings, final choice voltage difference threshold value
UprotectFor 25V.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of engine controller overvoltage protection system, and Fig. 6 shows this
The structure diagram of inventive embodiments engine controller overvoltage protection system, as shown in fig. 6, the overvoltage protection system
Including：
Voltage sampling unit 301 is arranged to obtain support inside the engine controller every the sampling interval of setting
The voltage of capacitance C；
Updating block 302, be arranged to update voltage sample set so that the voltage sample set include present sample when
The voltage for the Support Capacitor C that n sampling instant before quarter and current sample time obtains respectively, the n are more than 0
Natural number；
Voltage determination unit 303 is arranged to determine the maximum voltage and minimum voltage in the voltage sample set；
Voltage difference computing unit 304 is arranged to calculate the voltage difference of the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage；
Judging unit 305 is arranged to judge the voltage difference the threshold value whether voltage difference is more than setting；
Drive signal blocks unit 306, is arranged in the case where the voltage difference is more than the voltage difference threshold value, block
The drive signal of the engine controller internal power switching device.
Further, the overvoltage protection system further includes the voltage difference threshold value being electrically connected with the judging unit 305
Offline setup unit, the offline setup unit of voltage difference threshold value are arranged to set the voltage difference threshold value offline, and Fig. 7 is shown
The structure diagram of the offline setup unit of voltage difference threshold value in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the voltage difference threshold value is offline
Setup unit includes：
Minimum charge current determination unit 401 is arranged to be determined to the minimum charge current for causing abnormal conditions；
Quasi- voltage difference threshold value determination unit 402 is arranged to the electricity according to the minimum charge current, the Support Capacitor C
Capacitance, the sampling interval and the n determine quasi- voltage difference threshold value；
Voltage difference threshold value determination unit 403 is arranged to the retardation coefficient according to the quasi- voltage difference threshold value and setting, determines
The voltage difference threshold value.
Further, the minimum charge current determination unit 401 is specifically configured to：Allowed according to vehicle energy-storage system B
Maximum charging current and setting ratio, be determined to the charging current scope for causing abnormal conditions；By the charging current
In the range of the charging current of value minimum be determined as the minimum charge current.
Further, the quasi- voltage difference threshold value determination unit 402 is specifically configured to：According toIt calculates
The quasi- voltage difference threshold value, wherein I are the minimum charge current, and Δ t is the sampling interval, and c is the Support Capacitor C's
Capacitance.
Further, the voltage difference threshold value determination unit 403 is specifically configured to：By the quasi- voltage difference threshold value divided by
The business of the retardation coefficient, is determined as the voltage difference threshold value, and the retardation coefficient is the real number more than 1.
The concrete processing procedure of above-mentioned each unit can refer to the description in the method for the front embodiment of the present invention, herein no longer
It repeats.
In conclusion using the engine controller overvoltage protection system described in the present embodiment, set by monitoring in real time
The variation tendency of engine controller inside Support Capacitor C voltage in section of fixing time, can be in overvoltage protection side of conventional software
Method just effectively captures the phenomenon that Support Capacitor C voltage steeply rises immediately before capturing abnormal conditions, so as to effective
Early warning abnormal conditions in ground are carried out before virtual voltage is not up to the limiting voltage that device for power switching (such as IGBT) can bear
Protection is connected in parallel on the device for power switching at Support Capacitor C both ends by shut-off immediately in abnormal cases, and having reached prevents power
The purpose that switching device damages due to overvoltage, since the cost of device for power switching is higher, so the economic benefit of the present invention
Substantially；Further, since protected mode of the embodiment of the present invention only with pure software, so do not increase any hardware cost, it is only logical
Different application scenarios can flexibly be adapted to by crossing modification voltage difference threshold value, and flexibility is strong.
For a better understanding of the present invention, now the technical term occurred in text is explained：
Magneto alternator：Motor is to carry out the calutron that mechanical energy and electric energy mutually convert by medium of magnetic field.
It, can be there are two types of method in order to establish air-gap field necessary to progress energy converting between mechanical in motor.One kind is in motor
Electric current is passed in winding to generate magnetic field；Another kind is to generate magnetic field by permanent magnet.The electricity in magnetic field is generated by permanent magnet
Machine is exactly permanent magnet synchronous motor.
IGBT：Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor are a kind of compound
Full-control type voltage driven type power semiconductor.
SVPWM：Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation, space vector pulse width modulation.Main thought is
Three-phase symmetrical motor stator ideal magnetic linkage circle is normative reference when being powered using three-phase symmetrical sine voltage, with three-phase inverter not
Make appropriate switching with switching mode, so as to form PWM wave, its accurate magnetic linkage is tracked with the actual flux linkage vector formed
Circle.
DSP：Digital Signal Processor, digital signal processor.It is a kind of that signal is carried out in digital form
The special chip of the processing such as acquisition, conversion, filtering, valuation supports software programming.
ADC：Analog-to-Digital Converter, analog-digital converter turn the continuous signal of analog form
It is changed to the discrete signal of digital form.
Those skilled in the art should be understood that each module of the above-mentioned present invention or each step can use general calculating
Device realizes that they can concentrate on single computing device or be distributed in the network that multiple computing devices are formed
On, optionally, they can be realized with the program code that computing device can perform, it is thus possible to be stored in storage
They are either fabricated to each integrated circuit modules respectively or will be more in them by computing device to perform in device
A module or step are fabricated to single integrated circuit module to realize.In this way, the present invention is not limited to any specific hardware and
Software combines.
While it is disclosed that embodiment as above, but the content only to facilitate understand the present invention and adopt
Embodiment is not limited to the present invention.Any those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains are not departing from this
On the premise of the disclosed spirit and scope of invention, any modification and change can be made in the implementing form and in details,
But the scope of patent protection of the present invention, still should be subject to the scope of the claims as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of engine controller over-voltage protection method, which is characterized in that including：
Offline setting voltage difference threshold value；
The voltage of Support Capacitor inside the engine controller is obtained every the sampling interval of setting；
Voltage sample set is updated, so that before the voltage sample set is including current sample time and current sample time
The voltage of the Support Capacitor that obtains respectively of n sampling instant, the n is the natural number more than 0；
Determine the maximum voltage and minimum voltage in the voltage sample set；
Calculate the voltage difference of the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage；
Judge whether the voltage difference is more than the voltage difference threshold value of setting；
If it is, block the drive signal of the engine controller internal power switching device；
Wherein, it is described to set the voltage difference threshold value offline and include：
It is determined to the minimum charge current for causing abnormal conditions；
According toQuasi- voltage difference threshold value is calculated, wherein I is the minimum charge current, and Δ t is between the sampling
Every c is the capacitance of the Support Capacitor；
According to the quasi- voltage difference threshold value and the retardation coefficient of setting, the voltage difference threshold value is determined.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The minimum electricity that charges for being determined to cause abnormal conditions
Stream includes：
The maximum charging current and the ratio of setting allowed according to vehicle energy-storage system, is determined to the charging for causing abnormal conditions
Current range；
The charging current of value minimum in the range of the charging current is determined as the minimum charge current.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the voltage difference threshold value is the quasi- voltage difference threshold value
Divided by the business of the retardation coefficient, the retardation coefficient are the real number more than 1.
4. a kind of engine controller overvoltage protection system, which is characterized in that including：
The offline setup unit of voltage difference threshold value is arranged to set voltage difference threshold value offline；
Voltage sampling unit is arranged to obtain the electricity of Support Capacitor inside the engine controller every the sampling interval of setting
Pressure；
Updating block, be arranged to update voltage sample set so that the voltage sample set include current sample time and
The voltage for the Support Capacitor that n sampling instant before current sample time obtains respectively, the n are the nature more than 0
Number；
Voltage determination unit is arranged to determine the maximum voltage and minimum voltage in the voltage sample set；
Voltage difference computing unit is arranged to calculate the voltage difference of the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage；
Judging unit is arranged to judge the voltage difference the threshold value whether voltage difference is more than setting；
Drive signal blocks unit, is arranged to, in the case where the voltage difference is more than the voltage difference threshold value, block the hair
The drive signal of electric machine controller internal power switching device；
Wherein, the offline setup unit of voltage difference threshold value includes：
Minimum charge current determination unit is arranged to be determined to the minimum charge current for causing abnormal conditions；
Quasi- voltage difference threshold value determination unit, is arranged to basisCalculate quasi- voltage difference threshold value, wherein I for it is described most
Small charging current, Δ t are the sampling interval, and c is the capacitance of the Support Capacitor；
Voltage difference threshold value determination unit is arranged to the retardation coefficient according to the quasi- voltage difference threshold value and setting, determines the electricity
Threshold pressure differential.
5. system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The minimum charge current determination unit is specifically configured to：
The maximum charging current and the ratio of setting allowed according to vehicle energy-storage system, is determined to the charging current for causing abnormal conditions
Scope；The charging current of value minimum in the range of the charging current is determined as the minimum charge current.
6. system according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the voltage difference threshold value determination unit is specifically configured to：
By the quasi- voltage difference threshold value divided by the business of the retardation coefficient, it is determined as the voltage difference threshold value, the retardation coefficient is big
In 1 real number.
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| CN107086832A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-08-22 | 深圳市新科瑞电气技术有限公司 | Ball mill QM driving control systems and startup method based on permagnetic synchronous motor |
| CN108429306B (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2021-08-06 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Battery system and pre-charging control method and control device thereof |
| CN110011278B (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2021-09-03 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Motor short-circuit protection method and device |
| CN112816911A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-18 | 福建万润新能源科技有限公司 | Method and system for detecting high-voltage abnormal open circuit of motor controller of new energy vehicle |
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| CN1682120A (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2005-10-12 | 奔迪士商业运输系统公司 | System and method for detecting alternator condition |
| CN103926455A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-16 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for identification of DC input voltage transient speed |
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| CN1682120A (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2005-10-12 | 奔迪士商业运输系统公司 | System and method for detecting alternator condition |
| CN103926455A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-16 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for identification of DC input voltage transient speed |
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Address after: Fifty-seven, Zhuzhou Province, China National hi tech Development Zone, Hunan, Li Yu Industrial Park, district 412007 Patentee after: Zhongche Times Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. Address before: Fifty-seven, Zhuzhou Province, China National hi tech Development Zone, Hunan, Li Yu Industrial Park, district 412007 Patentee before: Hunan CSR Times Electric Co., Ltd. |
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