CN105628630B - A kind of analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system - Google Patents

A kind of analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system Download PDF

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CN105628630B
CN105628630B CN201511001542.1A CN201511001542A CN105628630B CN 105628630 B CN105628630 B CN 105628630B CN 201511001542 A CN201511001542 A CN 201511001542A CN 105628630 B CN105628630 B CN 105628630B
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simulated system
fruit
browning
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vegetable
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CN105628630A (en
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毕金峰
高琨
吕健
陈芹芹
刘璇
周林燕
王雪媛
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Institute of Food Science and Technology of CAAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry

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  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of analysis method of fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system, it include: to carry out boiling boiling hot processing after pre-processing fruits and vegetables, 50%-100% ethyl alcohol impregnates -96 hours 2 hours, impregnates -108 hours 12 hours under the conditions of 2 DEG C~4 DEG C after distilled water repeated flushing;It is impregnated into fruits and vegetables as simulation matrix in simulated system under vacuum conditions 1 hour~5 hours later, simulated system is made of by browning relative aspects such as reduced sugar, amino acid, ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds according to different proportion, is dried later according to fruit and vegetable crisp chip drying process;It is evaluated with spectrophotometric colour difference meter, internal browning relative aspect influences the research of simulated system on fruit and vegetable crisp chip browning degree during analysis fruit and vegetable dryness.The brown stain in the present invention is non-enzymatic browning.The analysis method of fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors provided by the invention based on simulated system, be capable of science quickly analyzes the Browning Factors that fruit and vegetable crisp chip brown stain is influenced during fruit and vegetable dryness.

Description

A kind of analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing fields.It is more particularly related to which a kind of fruits and vegetables based on simulated system are crisp The analysis method of piece Browning Factors.
Background technique
During garden stuff processing, such as clean vegetables processing and fruit juice production, easily generation browning phenomenon, not only influence outside product Sight and flavor, but also will cause nutriment loss, or even cause food decay rotten.Brown stain includes enzymatic browning and non-enzymatic Brown stain two types.Non-enzymatic browning include again Mei Lade (Maillard) reaction, phenolic substances oxidation stain, caramelization brown stain and The several types such as Ascorbic Acid Oxidation brown stain.
Non-enzymatic browning during garden stuff processing is studied mainly based on juice both at home and abroad at present, passes through and constructs liquid mould Quasi- influence of the system anlysis difference browning relative aspect to juice brown stain.But fruit and vegetable crisp chip is dehydrated, and during water translocation, fruit Vegetable tissue plays certain protective role to browning relative aspect, and brown stain rate and Browning Mechanism are different from juice brown stain principle, because This needs to find the effect of new technique study drying process fruit and vegetable crisp chip browning relative aspect.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of analysis side of fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system Method comprising following steps:
1) foundation of simulated system matrix:
Fruit and vegetable crisp chip impregnates in ethanol solution after being over-cooked boiling hot processing, impregnates in deionized water simulated system is made later Matrix;
2) foundation of simulated system:
Multiple simulated systems are made according to the different proportion of browning relative aspect, simulated system matrix obtained in step 1) is existed It is impregnated into simulated system under vacuum condition, is dried to obtain dry fruit and vegetable crisp chip using drying process later;
3) simulated system data collection and analysis:
Dry fruit and vegetable crisp chip is measured to obtain simulated system CIEL*a*b*, △ E, C or H using spectrophotometric colour difference meter Value, and analyzed according to simulated system CIEL*a*b*, △ E value or CIEL*, C, H value.
Preferably, in the analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system,
25 DEG C~50 DEG C of the temperature impregnated in ethanol solution, the time is -96 hours 2 hours, and the volume of ethanol solution is dense Degree is 50%-100%.
Preferably, in the analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system, more every 6 hours Change an ethanol solution.
Preferably, in the analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system, in deionized water The temperature of middle immersion is 2 DEG C~4 DEG C, and the time is -108 hours 12 hours.
Preferably, in the analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system, simulated system base Matter is impregnated into simulated system 1 hour~4 hours under vacuum conditions.
Preferably, in the analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system, browning relative aspect packet Reduced sugar, amino acid, ascorbic acid, polyphenol compound and other pigments are included, wherein reduced sugar includes fructose and glucose, Amino acid includes aspartic acid, lysine, histidine and arginine, and ascorbic acid includes that reduction type ascorbic acid and dehydrogenation type are anti- Bad hematic acid, other pigments include chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanidin, and polyphenol compound includes chlorogenic acid, epicatechin And catechin.
Preferably, in the analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system, the pretreatment Including fruit and vegetable materials will be selected, cleaned, arranged and cutting molding, wherein arrange include fruit and vegetable crisp chip is carried out stalk, Go root, peeling and stoning.
Preferably, in the analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system, the cutting packet It includes:
Fruit and vegetable materials are cut into strip, blocky or sheet, strip having a size of 1.5cm × 1.5cm × 4cm~0.5cm × 0.5cm × 5cm, lumpy sizes are 1cm × 1cm × 1cm~3cm × 3cm × 3cm, and sheet thickness is 0.3cm~1.5cm.
Preferably, in the analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system, at the cooking Reason includes:
Blanching, time 15s-120s;
Or boiling hot, time 30min-120min is boiled, boiling boiling hot temperature is 50 DEG C -80 DEG C.
The present invention provides a kind of analysis method of fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system, comprising: simulated system Matrix is established: carrying out boiling boiling hot processing after fruits and vegetables are pre-processed, 50%-100% ethyl alcohol impregnates -96 hours 2 hours, and distilled water is repeatedly It is impregnated -108 hours 12 hours under the conditions of 2 DEG C~4 DEG C after flushing.Simulated system is established: by reduced sugar in fruits and vegetables, amino acid, Ascorbic acid and phenolic compound etc. are used as browning relative aspect, and simulation matrix is soaked under vacuum conditions according to different proportion browning relative aspect It stain 1 hour~5 hours, is dried according to fruit and vegetable crisp chip drying process.The acquisition of simulated system data and analysis: with light splitting light Degree colour difference meter is evaluated, and internal browning relative aspect influences simulated system to fruit and vegetable crisp chip browning degree during analysis fruit and vegetable dryness Research.The brown stain in the present invention is non-enzymatic browning.Fruit and vegetable crisp chip brown stain provided by the invention based on simulated system because The analysis method of element, be capable of science quickly analyzes the factor that fruit and vegetable crisp chip brown stain is influenced during fruit and vegetable dryness.
Further advantage, target and feature of the invention will be partially reflected by the following instructions, and part will also be by this The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text Word can be implemented accordingly.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one or more The presence or addition of a other elements or combinations thereof.
Embodiment 1
1) it the selection of apple: selects mature without insect pest and hard crisp Fuji apple.
2) pretreatment of apple: apple is cleaned up, with a thickness of diameter 20mm after peeled and cored, with a thickness of 5mm or so Sheet.
3) simulated system matrix is established: apple handle within blanching 15 seconds after pretreatment, 100% ethyl alcohol immersion 36 hours, and 2 DEG C condition deionised water impregnates 48 hours, and during which every 6 hours, it is primary to change water, is placed in deionized water and soaks under the conditions of 4 DEG C Bubble, to spare.
4) simulated system is established: preparing simulated system 1, (25g simulated system matrix is placed in containing 5mg/mL fructose 100ml phosphorus Acid buffering solution), (25g simulated system matrix is placed in containing 5mg/mL fructose and 2mg/mL aspartic acid simulated system 2 100ml phosphate buffer solution), (25g simulated system matrix is placed in containing 5mg/mL fructose, 2mg/mL aspartic acid simulated system 3 With the 100ml phosphate buffer solution of 4mg/mL ascorbic acid), (25g simulated system matrix is placed in containing 5mg/mL simulated system 4 Fructose, 2mg/mL aspartic acid, 0.4mg/mL ascorbic acid and 0.4mg/mL chlorogenic acid 100ml phosphate buffer solution) four kinds Buffer solution, simulation matrix are impregnated 1 hour under vacuum conditions according to different proportion browning relative aspect, are placed in hot air drier, Drying temperature is 90 DEG C of conditions, and wind speed 1.5m/s, moisture content terminates down to 5% or less.
5) simulated system CIEL*a*b* and △ the E value with the measurement of spectrophotometric colour difference meter after dry, as shown in table 1.
By in table 1 we can see that by browning relative aspect to simulated system impregnate, tentatively as can be seen that simulated system The variation of 1 value of chromatism is less, illustrates that this stage caramelization is not main Browning Factors;2 value of chromatism of simulated system changes most Greatly, illustrate that Maillard reaction is main browning substances in apple crisp slices non-enzymatic browning process;Simulated system 3 and simulated system 4 The experimental results showed that restoring type ascorbic acid and polyphenol compound in drying process all there is certain contribution to make to non-enzymatic browning With.
Simulated system CIEL*a*b* and △ E value after 1 embodiment 1 of table is dry
Embodiment 2
1) it the selection of apple: selects mature without insect pest and hard crisp Fuji apple.
2) pretreatment of apple: apple is cleaned up, with a thickness of diameter 20mm after peeled and cored, with a thickness of 5mm or so Sheet.
3) simulated system matrix is established: apple progress blanching 15s processing after pretreatment, 100% ethyl alcohol immersion 36 hours, and 2 DEG C condition deionised water impregnates 48 hours, and during which every 6 hours, it is primary to change water, is placed in deionized water and soaks under the conditions of 4 DEG C Bubble, to spare.
4) simulated system establish: prepare simulated system 1 (25g simulated system matrix be placed in containing 2mg/mL, 5mg/mL, 10mg/mL, 15mg/mL or 20mg/mL fructose, 2mg/mL aspartic acid, 0.4mg/mL ascorbic acid and 0.4mg/mL chlorogenic acid 100ml phosphate buffer solution) and simulated system 2 (25g simulated system matrix be placed in containing 2mg/mL, 5mg/mL, 10mg/mL, 15mg/mL or 20mg/mL glucose sugar, 2mg/mL aspartic acid, 0.4mg/mL ascorbic acid and 0.4mg/mL chlorogenic acid 100ml phosphate buffer solution), simulation matrix impregnates 1 hour under vacuum conditions according to different proportion browning relative aspect, is placed in hot wind In drying box, drying temperature is 90 DEG C of conditions, and wind speed 1.5m/s, moisture content terminates down to 5% or less.
5) simulated system CIEL*a*b* and △ the E value with the measurement of spectrophotometric colour difference meter after dry, as shown in table 2.
By in table 2 it will be seen that the fructose of various concentration is to the shadow of simulated system browning degree in simulated system 1 It rings, it can be seen that under the conditions of fructose concentration is 5mg/mL, value of chromatism is maximum, illustrates that simulated system browning degree is maximum, with fruit The raising of sugared concentration, browning degree are gradually reduced, and value of chromatism gradually becomes smaller, and illustrate that high concentration fructose can play one to browning reaction Fixed inhibiting effect.From simulated system 2 as can be seen that when concentration of glucose is when within 10mg/mL, concentration of glucose is to mould Quasi- system influences less, and when concentration of glucose is greater than 10mg/mL, with the increase of concentration, value of chromatism is become larger, and illustrates height Concentration of glucose can accelerate browning reaction.Fructose and glucose are common two kinds of monosaccharide and Maillard reaction in fruit Direct participation object, but for the influence degree of browning reaction, significant difference.
Simulated system CIEL*a*b* and △ E value after 2 embodiment 2 of table is dry
Embodiment 3
1) it the selection of raw material: selects mature without insect pest and hard crisp potato.
2) pretreatment of raw material: apple is cleaned up, and is cut into after peeling with a thickness of diameter 20mm, with a thickness of 4mm or so Disc-shaped.
3) simulated system matrix is established: potato chips is placed in 60 DEG C of distilled water 60 minutes after pretreatment, in 50 DEG C of conditions Under 50% ethyl alcohol in impregnate 2 hours, 4 DEG C of condition deionised waters impregnate 48 hours, and during which every 6 hours, it is primary to change water, It is placed in deionized water and impregnates under the conditions of 4 DEG C, to spare.
4) simulated system establish: prepare simulated system 1 (25g simulated system matrix be placed in containing 1.25mg/mL fructose, 1.25mg/mL glucose, 2.25mg/mL sucrose, 1.25mg/mL ascorbic acid, 2.0mg/mL glutamic acid, 3.0mg/mL asparagus fern ammonia Acid and 0.05mg/mL chlorogenic acid 100ml phosphate buffer solution), simulated system 2 (25g simulated system matrix be placed in containing 1.25mg/mL fructose, 1.25mg/mL glucose, 2.25mg/mL sucrose, 2.0mg/mL glutamic acid, 3.0mg/mL aspartic acid and The 100ml phosphate buffer solution of 0.05mg/mL chlorogenic acid), (25g simulated system matrix is placed in containing 1.25mg/ simulated system 3 ML fructose, 1.25mg/mL glucose, 2.25mg/mL sucrose, 1.25mg/mL ascorbic acid, 2.0mg/mL glutamic acid and 3.0mg/ The 100ml phosphate buffer solution of mL aspartic acid), (25g simulated system matrix is placed in containing 1.25mg/mL fruit simulated system 4 The 100ml phosphorus of sugar, 1.25mg/mL glucose, 2.25mg/mL sucrose, 1.25mg/mL ascorbic acid and 0.05mg/mL chlorogenic acid Acid buffering solution) and simulated system 5 (25g simulated system matrix is placed in containing 2.25mg/mL sucrose, 1.25mg/mL Vitamin C The 100ml phosphate buffer solution of acid, 2.0mg/mL glutamic acid, 3.0mg/mL aspartic acid and 0.05mg/mL chlorogenic acid), simulation Matrix impregnates 1 hour under vacuum conditions according to different proportion browning relative aspect, is placed in hot air drier, and drying temperature is 90 DEG C Condition, wind speed 1.5m/s, moisture content terminate down to 5% or less.
5) simulated system CIEL*, C and H value with the measurement of spectrophotometric colour difference meter after dry, as shown in table 3, C is represented Coloration, H represent hue angle.These are all color deliberated indexes, and coloration refers to the property of the color not including brightness, it reflects Be color tone and saturation degree, the two parameters are more suitable for this raw material of potato.
Simulated system CIEL*C and H value after 3 embodiment 3 of table is dry
As can be seen from Table 3, it eliminates reduced sugar and amino acid has a great impact to the CIEL* value of potato chips, be not added with The L* value of the simulated system 5 of reduced sugar is maximum, and potato chips color is brighter.Potato chips is immersed in the simulated solution without ascorbic acid In, higher L* value and lower H value in potato chips apparent colour illustrate that ascorbic acid and the brown stain of potato chips surface exist just It is related.And chlorogenic acid influences less potato chips simulated system brown stain.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited In specific details.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of analysis method of the fruit and vegetable crisp chip Browning Factors based on simulated system, which comprises the following steps:
1) foundation of simulated system matrix:
Fruit and vegetable materials will be selected, cleaned, arranged and cutting forms, wherein
The arrangement includes obstruct to fruit and vegetable crisp chip, going root, peeling and stoning;
The cutting includes that fruit and vegetable materials are cut into strip, blocky or sheet, strip having a size of 1.5cm × 1.5cm × 4cm~ 0.5cm × 0.5cm × 5cm, lumpy sizes be 1cm × 1cm × 1cm~3cm × 3cm × 3cm, sheet thickness be 0.3cm~ 1.5cm;
Fruit and vegetable crisp chip impregnates in ethanol solution after being over-cooked boiling hot processing, and 25 DEG C~50 DEG C of temperature, the time is -96 hours 2 hours, The volumetric concentration of ethanol solution is 50%-100%, every the ethanol solution of replacement in 6 hours, is impregnated later in deionized water, Temperature is 2 DEG C~4 DEG C, and the time is -108 hours 12 hours, and simulated system matrix is made;
It is described boil scald processing include:
Blanching, time 15s-120s;
Or boiling hot, time 30min-120min is boiled, boiling boiling hot temperature is 50 DEG C -80 DEG C;
2) foundation of simulated system:
Multiple simulated systems are made according to the different proportion of browning relative aspect, by simulated system matrix obtained in step 1) in vacuum Under the conditions of be impregnated into simulated system 1 hour~4 hours, be dried to obtain dry fruits and vegetables using drying process later crisp Piece;
Browning relative aspect includes reduced sugar, amino acid, ascorbic acid, polyphenol compound and other pigments, wherein reduced sugar packet Fructose and glucose are included, amino acid includes aspartic acid, lysine, histidine and arginine, and ascorbic acid includes that reduced form is anti- Bad hematic acid and dehydrogenation type ascorbic acid, other pigments include chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanidin;Polyphenolic substance includes Chlorogenic acid, epicatechin and catechin;
3) simulated system data collection and analysis:
Dry fruit and vegetable crisp chip is measured to obtain simulated system CIEL*a*b*, △ E, C and H value using spectrophotometric colour difference meter, and It is analyzed according to simulated system CIEL*a*b*, △ E, value or CIEL*, C, H value.
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CN109633104B (en) * 2018-11-02 2021-09-07 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 Preparation method of fruit solid reaction simulation carrier
CN114403391B (en) * 2022-01-26 2024-05-17 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 Preparation method and application of apple slice solid-phase matrix for simulation system

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CN2733343Y (en) * 2004-05-12 2005-10-12 严衍禄 Internal non-destructive integral analytical equipment for agricultural products such as fruit and vegetable
CN1789978A (en) * 2004-12-14 2006-06-21 中国农业大学 Non-destructive detection method for quickly detecting inner quality of apple
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