CN105626205B - 用于scr尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵 - Google Patents

用于scr尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵 Download PDF

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CN105626205B
CN105626205B CN201610145499.4A CN201610145499A CN105626205B CN 105626205 B CN105626205 B CN 105626205B CN 201610145499 A CN201610145499 A CN 201610145499A CN 105626205 B CN105626205 B CN 105626205B
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CN105626205A (zh
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王用林
檀荣科
王小波
李英文
孙克亮
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Shandong Atk Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
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Card Emission Control System (jiangsu) Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵，包括尿素箱、预混合器和进气口，其特点是：所述尿素箱内设有加热单元，所述加热单元对尿素箱内的还原剂进行加热，该尿素箱通过吸液管道和回液管道与回液电磁阀连接，所述回液电磁阀连接有稳压器，所述稳压器外部设有滤芯，该稳压器连接计量阀，该计量阀连接所述预混合器，该预混合器连接电磁驱动单向阀，所述电磁驱动单向阀连接有空气压力调节器，在空气压力调节器后部连接有空气阀，所述空气阀通过管道连接至强吹电磁阀的第二液压口，在空气阀后部连接有进气口，所述强吹电磁阀和所述预混合器同时连接到喷嘴。

Description

用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵
技术领域
本发明涉及尿素泵技术领域，更具体的讲涉及一种用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵。
背景技术
现有技术中，用于内燃机排气处理的方法存在一个缺点，即对PM和氮氧化物的净化处理无法同时实现，二者之间相互冲突。例如，采用废气再循环(EGR,Exhaust GasRecycle)技术净化处理内燃机排气，可以实现排气中氮氧化物的含量大幅度降低，但排气中PM的含量反而升高，且燃油成本提高；采用高压喷射技术净化处理内燃机排气，有利于降低排气中PM的含量，但往往会使排气中氮氧化物的含量升高。为了保护环境，世界各国相继出台了控制汽车尾气排放的相关法规，越来越严格的排放法规使得单纯的机内净化技术很难满足法规要求，必须依靠机外后处理技术予以辅助。
在机外技术处理方面，目前国内各大柴油发动机公司和整车厂主要采用选择性催化还原系统技术控制柴油机的氮氧化物排放，而选择性催化还原系统需要用尿素泵从尿素箱里抽取尿素溶液，并以一定的精度喷射进排气管里，普通压差式尿素泵存在喷射稍微堵塞时，计量阀动力小，无法强推排液，造成还原剂在泵内结晶堵塞泵。目前同类泵通常使用气控膜片阀作为回流阀，该种阀存在着易泄露、腔体难加工，控制上无法灵活处理的问题。普通外混合的尿素泵无强制吹扫功能，有在喷嘴出口出现结晶的风险，且普通内混合喷嘴堵塞后容易造成尿素窜到空气路结晶堵塞，由于普通压差泵空气流道使用普通机械式单向阀，空气流道不能及时有效关闭，导致空气流道内进入尿素从而形成尿素结晶堵塞流道，堵塞后容易造成尿素窜到空气路结晶堵塞，同时，在温度低的情况下，要对个模块进行加热，工作效率低，加热程序复杂。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的不足，提出一种用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵。
本发明要解决的技术问题是通过以下技术方案实现的，用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵，包括尿素箱、预混合器和进气口，其特点是：所述尿素箱内设有加热单元，所述加热单元对尿素箱内的还原剂进行加热，该尿素箱通过吸液管道和回液管道与回液电磁阀连接，所述回液电磁阀连接有稳压器，所述稳压器外部设有滤芯，该稳压器连接计量阀，所述计量阀和稳压器之间设有压力传感器，该计量阀连接所述预混合器，在预混合器上设有压力传感器，该预混合器连接电磁驱动单向阀， 所述电磁驱动单向阀连接有空气压力调节器，所述空气压力调节器通过管道连接至强吹电磁阀的第一液压口，在空气压力调节器后部连接有空气阀，所述空气阀通过管道连接至强吹电磁阀的第二液压口，在空气阀后部连接有进气口，所述强吹电磁阀和所述预混合器同时连接到喷嘴。
优选的，所述加热单元包括进水管和出水管，所述进水管和所述出水管底部通过热交换器联通。
优选的，所述电磁驱动单向阀和空气压力调节器之间设有限流器。
优选的，所述空气压力调节器和强吹电磁阀之间设有限流器。
优选的，所述吸液管道上设有膜片泵。
与现有技术相比，本发明结构简单，通过加热单元对还原剂进行加热避免了对个单元分开加热的复杂性，节约了时间，提高工作效率，利用电磁驱动单向阀可有效控制喷嘴堵塞后尿素窜到空气路结晶堵塞，从而保护尿素泵不被结晶堵塞。尿素喷射压力稳定，喷射精度高。尿素泵能实现连续不间断工作，不进行额外停机补气。利用电磁阀作为回流控制阀，解决了气控膜片阀泄露、腔体难加工，控制上无法灵活处理的问题。强吹扫的气冲刷功能可实现定时冲刷，开、关机冲刷，零喷射量时冲刷（怠速时），有效避免喷射管及喷嘴堵塞。避免单纯内混合喷嘴堵塞后容易造成尿素窜到空气路结晶堵塞，使尿素泵无法正常工作。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下参照附图，进一步描述本发明的具体技术方案，以便于本领域的技术人员进一步地理解本发明，而不构成其权力的限制。
实施例1，参照图1、用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵，包括尿素箱1、预混合器18和进气口14，其特点是：所述尿素箱1内设有加热单元2，所述加热单元2对尿素箱1内的还原剂进行加热，该尿素箱1通过吸液管道22和回液管道23与回液电磁阀6连接，所述回液电磁阀6连接有稳压器8，所述稳压器8外部设有滤芯7，该稳压器8连接计量阀9，所述计量阀9和稳压器8之间设有压力传感器21，该计量阀9连接所述18预混合器，在预混合器18上设有压力传感器19，该预混合器18连接电磁驱动单向阀10， 所述电磁驱动单向阀10连接有空气压力调节器12，所述空气压力调节器12通过管道连接至强吹电磁阀16的第一液压口a，在空气压力调节器12后部连接有空气阀13，所述空气阀13通过管道连接至强吹电磁阀16的第二液压口b，在空气阀13后部连接有进气口14，所述强吹电磁阀16和所述预混合器18同时连接到喷嘴17。
实施例2，实施例1所述的用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵中：所述加热单元包2括进水管3和出水管4，所述进水管3和所述出水管4底部通过热交换器联通。
实施例3，实施例1或2所述的用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵中：所述电磁驱动单向阀10和空气压力调节器12之间设有限流器11。
实施例4，实施例1或2或3所述的用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵中：所述空气压力调节器12和强吹电磁阀16之间设有限流器15。
实施例5，实施例1或2或3或4所述的用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵中：所述吸液管道22上设有膜片泵20。
实施例6，本例采用稳压囊控制过滤腔内的尿素压力，采用电磁阀控制回液，采用带强吹功能的外混合方式实现雾化，采用内部及外部混合的双重混合雾化方式，采用电磁驱动单向阀机构实现空气路的保护，增设外混合气路与强吹气路，常规状态，减压后气流经节流阀进外混合喷嘴气路，在开机时，关机时，运行时喷射量=0时，强吹电磁阀打开强制吹扫外混合气路。
实施例7，本例直流无刷电机带动隔膜泵对尿素增压，非喷射状态时尿素溶液经过回液电磁铁回流，当回液电磁阀断电时尿素溶液通过滤稳压腔，进计量阀入口。通过调整计量阀的开启占空比控制喷射量，计量阀喷出的尿素在泵内先进行预混合，而空气经电磁阀稳压阀节流阀进入外混合腔进行外部混合。当喷嘴出现堵塞时，根据空气路压力变化，进行判断，从而控制电磁驱动单向阀的闭合，进而实现空气路保护功能。
实施例8， 所述加热单元2包括进水管3和出水管4，所述进水管3和出水管4延伸入所述尿素箱1内，所述进水管3和出水管4在底部通过热交换器连通，发动机热冷却液流经进水管3和出水管4时可以对尿素箱1内的还原剂进行加热。

Claims (5)

1.用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵，包括尿素箱、预混合器和进气口，其特征在于：所述尿素箱内设有加热单元，所述加热单元对尿素箱内的还原剂进行加热，该尿素箱通过吸液管道和回液管道与回液电磁阀连接，所述回液电磁阀连接有稳压器，所述稳压器外部设有滤芯，该稳压器连接计量阀，所述计量阀和稳压器之间设有压力传感器，该计量阀连接所述预混合器，在预混合器上设有压力传感器，该预混合器连接电磁驱动单向阀， 所述电磁驱动单向阀连接有空气压力调节器，所述空气压力调节器通过管道连接至强吹电磁阀的第一液压口，在空气压力调节器后部连接有空气阀，所述空气阀通过管道连接至强吹电磁阀的第二液压口，在空气阀后部连接有进气口，所述强吹电磁阀和所述预混合器同时连接到喷嘴。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵，其特征在于：所述加热单元包括进水管和出水管，所述进水管和所述出水管底部通过热交换器联通。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵，其特征在于：所述电磁驱动单向阀和空气压力调节器之间设有限流器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵，其特征在于：所述空气压力调节器和强吹电磁阀之间设有限流器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于SCR尾气后处理的压差式尿素泵，其特征在于：所述吸液管道上设有膜片泵。
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