CN105626028B - Increase the method for shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density - Google Patents
Increase the method for shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density Download PDFInfo
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- CN105626028B CN105626028B CN201610090196.7A CN201610090196A CN105626028B CN 105626028 B CN105626028 B CN 105626028B CN 201610090196 A CN201610090196 A CN 201610090196A CN 105626028 B CN105626028 B CN 105626028B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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Abstract
The present invention relates to shale reservoir storey increase design fields, specially increase the method for shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density, according to target block shale reservoir organic matter and mineral characteristic, selective oxidation agent；Oxidant is added in fracturing fluid prepad fluid, inside fracturing fluid injection reservoir.The characteristics of heat, the gas generated this process employs reactions such as organic matter, pyrite in the oxidable shale of oxidant forms the organic acid erodable carbonate mineral in high temperature and pressure and reaction product, make full use of the effect of fracturing work energy and fracturing fluid, not only to form main body fracture network, volume is transformed, and the mechanochemistry for being detained fracturing fluid and shale to be utilized to act on shale matrix in further cutting or " bubble is broken " transformation volume, efficiency or transformation density is transformed, further increases gas transport rate in transformation volume.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shale reservoir storey increase design fields, specially increase the side of shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density
Method.
Background technology
Global shale gas technically recoverable resources reach 187 tcms.Wherein, Chinese shale gas technology can adopt money
Source amount is 36 tcms, ranking the first in the world.Shale gas reservoir generally has that special low hole, spy is hypotonic and there are adsorption-desorptions
The features such as, shale gas effective exploitation is to reduce shale matrix size as far as possible with the key for improving recovery ratio, improves gas transport
Ability improves shale gas reservoir and efficiency is transformed, rather than just transformation reservoir volume.Multistage subsection fracturing technique is to realize shale gas
The key of effective exploration and development.Although the seam reticular density of shale can be significantly increased in current conventional multistage staged fracturing technology,
But still remain the row of returning and lead the problems such as low, seam reticular density is insufficient, affect the effect of shale gas well reservoir reconstruction.It improves conventional
Multistage subsection fracturing technique efficiently forms the premise that fracture network is shale gas economic development in shale gas well fracturing process
The basis and.
Transformation theory --- volume is transformed at present, is mainly considering reservoir stress field, rock mechanics parameters and is naturally splitting
Seam etc. is on the basis of factors, by being segmented more shower holes, high discharge capacity, big liquid measure, low viscosity liquid and diverting material and technology etc.
Using, it realizes and links up intrinsic fracture, stratification, and Reservoir Body " is smashed ", formation fracture network.
The pressure break carried out under the guidance of current transformation theory mainly has following deficiency：
First, not considering chemical action.Since current transformation theory is mainly considering reservoir stress field, rock mechanics
On the basis of the factors such as parameter and intrinsic fracture, by being segmented more shower holes, high discharge capacity, big liquid measure, low viscosity liquid, and steering material
The application of material and technology etc. is realized and links up intrinsic fracture stratification, and Reservoir Body " is smashed ", and fracture network is formed, and has ignored
The low row of returning of fracturing fluid, the issuable advantageous chemical effect of prolonged stay reservoir.
Second is that the seam reticular density that transformation is formed is relatively low.Fracture technology used at present mainly forms main body crack,
Intrinsic fracture stratification is linked up, to form fracture network.For the shale matrix in transformation volume, do not cut further
It cuts broken so that seam reticular density is insufficient, constrains the Efficient Development of shale gas.
Third, being detained pressure break liquid damage reservoir, discharge fracturing fluid pollution environment is returned.It is attached in microcrack or crack to be detained fracturing fluid
High water cut saturation degree band is formed in nearly matrix pore throat, influences gas transport, damages gas reservoir gas supply capacity；Drain is returned from stratum depths
It produces and contained additive types is various so that return drain and compare with other industrial wastewaters, there is high saliferous, high color
The characteristics of degree, high cod values, therefore there is the problems such as processing is difficult, processing cost is high.
If fracturing reform cannot efficiently form fracture network, increase fracture spacing, shale gas well deliverability can be influenced and adopted
Yield restricts the exploration and development of shale gas.
Invention content
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of method of increase shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density, is
The existing fracturing process of solution is existing when using shale gas well as object not to consider fracturing fluid positive effect, seam reticular density not
The deficiencies of foot and pollution environment.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：
The method for increasing shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density, fracturing fluid is added by oxidant, utilizes delay fracturing fluid
With mechanics-chemical action of shale, organic matter, pyrite in oxidized shale react heat, the gas of generation, increase shale
Gas well fracturing transformation seam reticular density；Specifically include following procedure：
(1) target block shale organic matter type and content are measured, the content of pyrite, carbonate mineral is measured；
(2) according to the measurement result of step (1), selective oxidation agent；
(3) according to the measurement result of step (1), containing oxidant pressure break of the weight percent between 3%-20% is prepared
Liquid；
(4) oxidant fracturing fluid will be contained by pressing crack construction and injects reservoir；
(5) discharge fracturing fluid is returned after boiling in a covered pot over a slow fire well.
The type of oxidant is including but not limited to hydrogen peroxide, Peracetic acid, sodium dichromate, chromic acid, nitric acid, permanganic acid
Potassium, ammonium persulfate.
The oxidant can be in oxidized shale organic matter and pyrite, the organic acid for aoxidizing generation again can be further
The carbonate mineral of corrosion shale forms Denudation pore.
Using the chemical reaction of fracturing fluid containing oxidant and the organic matter and pyrite of hydraulic fracture wall surface, corrosion hole is formed
Seam, simultaneous reactions generate localized hyperthermia, form thermal induction crack.
Fracturing fluid containing oxidant enters shale matrix, exhaustion layer during fracturing work and stewing well along stratification and microcrack
Shape organic matter forms kluftkarren.
Fracturing fluid containing oxidant enters shale matrix, release heat during fracturing work and stewing well along stratification and microcrack
Amount and organic acid generate thermal induction crack and acid etching slit, link up simultaneously corrosion dispersed organic matter, increase transformation depth.
Fracturing fluid containing oxidant enters shale matrix during fracturing work and stewing well along stratification and microcrack, and oxidation is molten
Erosion reduces rock strength, and generates gas, stress raisers, generates crack and promotes fracture extension；It is reacted during the row of returning
Fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) pressure difference can be improved in the gas of generation again.
Fracturing fluid containing oxidant can eliminate organic matter and part dirt in fracturing fluid during fracturing work and stewing well
Contaminate object.
The method provided by the invention for increasing shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density, is utilized the oxidable shale of oxidant
In the reactions such as organic matter, the pyrite heat, the gas that generate form organic sour solvable in high temperature and pressure and reaction product
The characteristics of losing carbonate mineral, makes full use of the effect of fracturing work energy and fracturing fluid, not only to form main body fracture network,
It is transformed volume, and the mechanics-chemical action for being detained fracturing fluid and shale to be utilized further cut or " steeping broken " variant
The interior shale matrix of product is transformed efficiency or transformation density, further increases gas transport rate in transformation volume, be a kind of efficient
The method for forming fracture network has great importance to the exploitation of shale gas economical and efficient.
It has the following advantages compared with the conventional method：
First, generating synergistic effect with existing hydraulic fracturing.This method is by using the fracturing fluid being trapped in fracturing fracture
With the chemical reaction of shale, in crack, wall surface generates more microcracks, further increases seam reticular density, improve matrix with
Interporosity flow coefficient between crack.
Second is that increasing pressure break energy.Oxidant will produce gas to Organic oxidation in shale, increase the energy of pressure break,
So that the distance that man-made fracture extends increases, there is the probability of bigger to link up more intrinsic fractures.
Third, reducing shale intensity.First, at relatively high temperatures, the rock under high pressure is easy to happen turning for brittle-ductile
Become the reduction so as to cause rock strength.The heat energy that the oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide are released with the oxidation reaction of pyrite and organic matter
The temperature of reservoir is enough greatly improved, and then leads to the reduction of shale intensity.Secondly, rock strength generally with the increase of porosity and
Reduce, and the reaction of system generation organic acid and oxidisability feature can make the carbonate mine in delay fracturing fluid corrosion shale
Object, pyrite and organic matter increase the porosity of reservoir, to reduce its intensity.The reduction of rock strength can increase pressure break
Stitch reticular density.
Fourth, generating crack.When thermal stress meets or exceeds strength degree (tension or the tensile strength) in rock somewhere,
Thermal fracture can then occur at this, generate crack.The oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide are released with the oxidation reaction of pyrite and organic matter
Heat can greatly improve the temperature of reservoir, and shale reservoir mineral anisotropism is strong, different minerals swelliong power significant difference, because
This will produce larger thermal stress, after thermal stress reaches some strength, so that the matrix in transformation volume is generated crack, to increase
Add seam reticular density.After shale laminate Organic oxidation corrosion, Denudation pore is formed, matrix and crack are further linked up, is increased
Fracture spacing.
Fifth, maintaining man-made fracture.The man-made fracture generated in fracturing process is after fracturing fluid recovery (backflow), due to pore pressure
Reduction be possible to re-close, fracturing effect can be seriously affected.The oxidable page of the oxidants such as the hydrogen peroxide added in fracturing fluid
Organic matter in rock, the gas generated using the oxidation reaction, generates the pressure of supporting crack, is conducive to keep man-made fracture
It opens, it is ensured that fracturing effect.
Sixth, promoting fracturing fluid recovery (backflow).Organic matter in the oxidable shale of the oxidants such as the hydrogen peroxide added in fracturing fluid,
Using the gas of oxidation reaction generation, strata pressure is continuously replenished during the row of returning, row pressure is poor, and promotion is pressed to which increase is returned
It splits liquid and returns row.
Seventh, environmental-friendly.Conventional fracturing fluid is connect due to various additives and with reservoir after carry out pressing crack construction
It touches, becomes for the fracturing outlet liquid with high viscosity, high COD, high salinity characteristic.It is this return drain environment is caused it is serious
Pollution, treatment measures are also complex.The one kind of the oxidants such as the hydrogen peroxide that this method uses as advanced oxidation processes, it is oxidable
Most organic matter in drain is returned, the biodegradability of organic matter can be improved by the direct mineralising of organic matter or by oxidation, to
Decrease or even eliminate the pollution for returning discharge fracturing fluid.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1, which is that the shale rock sample processing of embodiment is preceding, amplifies 5000 times of photos；
Fig. 2 is 50 times of photos of amplification that macrocrack is generated after the shale rock sample of embodiment is handled；
Fig. 3 is 2000 times of photos of amplification that micro crack is generated after the shale rock sample of embodiment is handled.
Specific implementation mode
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and the advantageous effect to the present invention are more clearly understood, in conjunction with attached drawing to this hair
Bright one embodiment is further described.
For the reliability of the verification present invention, shale component oxygenolysis, corrosion are carried out using containing hydrogen peroxide fracturing fluid
Experiment, and test the front and back shale content of organic matter of chemical reaction, porosity, the Parameters variations such as crack.Concrete operation step is such as
Under：
(1) Longma small stream group richness organic shale is chosen, the parameters such as its organic matter type, content, porosity, crack are tested；
(2) hydrogen peroxide concentration is selected according to the organic matter type of above-mentioned rock sample, content and mineral characteristic；
(3) solution of preparation is injected in rock sample, fully takes out rock sample after reaction, solution injects in the row of returning, and retains reaction
Solution afterwards；
(4) solution metal ion forms after test reaction, and the test rock sample content of organic matter, porosity, crack observe and record
The crack that rock sample generates.
Experimental result is shown：After rich organic shale react with the oxidizing agent solutions containing hydrogen peroxide etc., organic carbon content reduction
About 90%, sulfur content reduces about 98%, shows most organic matters, pyrite (FeS2) by oxygenolysis；Meanwhile after reaction
Ca in solution2+、Mg2+、Fe3+Concentration is substantially increased, and shows that significantly acid corrosion occurs for carbonate mineral, and further confirm yellow
Iron ore (FeS2) oxygenolysis phenomenon；Based on scanning electron microscopic observation, rock sample generates a large amount of both macro and micro cracks, place after reaction
Shale rock sample such as Fig. 1 before reason, shale rock sample is as shown in Figures 2 and 3 after processing；Organic matter, pyrite, carbonate mineral reaction
Later, rock sample porosity obviously increases, amplification about 10%.
To sum up, the present invention can act synergistically with existing hydraulic fracturing, make full use of the mechanics-for being detained fracturing fluid and shale
Chemical action, the matrix being crushed in transformation volume, forms both macro and micro crack, and shale gas well fracturing reform seam net is significantly increased
Density makes up the deficiency of existing fracturing technique, and technical guarantee is provided for the economical and efficient exploitation of shale gas.
Claims (7)
1. increasing the method for shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density, which is characterized in that fracturing fluid is added in oxidant, utilization is stagnant
Mechanics-chemical action of fracturing fluid and shale is stayed, organic matter, pyrite in oxidized shale react heat, the gas of generation,
Increase shale gas well fracturing reform and stitches reticular density；Specifically include following procedure：
(1) target block shale organic matter type and content are measured, the content of pyrite, carbonate mineral is measured；
(2) according to the measurement result of step (1), selective oxidation agent；
(3) according to the measurement result of step (1), containing oxidant fracturing fluid of the weight percent between 3%-20% is prepared；
(4) oxidant fracturing fluid will be contained by pressing crack construction and injects reservoir；
(5) discharge fracturing fluid is returned after boiling in a covered pot over a slow fire well.
2. the method according to claim 1 for increasing shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density, which is characterized in that described
Oxidant can be in oxidized shale organic matter and pyrite, aoxidize the organic acid of generation again can further corrosion shale carbonic acid
Salt mineral form Denudation pore.
3. the method according to claim 1 for increasing shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density, it is characterised in that：Using containing
The chemical reaction of oxidant fracturing fluid and the organic matter and pyrite of hydraulic fracture wall surface forms Denudation pore, simultaneous reactions production
Raw localized hyperthermia, forms thermal induction crack.
4. the method according to claim 1 for increasing shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density, it is characterised in that：Containing oxidation
Agent fracturing fluid enters shale matrix during fracturing work and stewing well along stratification and microcrack, consumes stratiform organic matter, is formed
Kluftkarren.
5. the method according to claim 1 for increasing shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density, it is characterised in that：Containing oxidation
Agent fracturing fluid enters shale matrix during fracturing work and stewing well along stratification and microcrack, discharges heat and organic acid, production
Heat induced fractures and acid etching slit, are linked up and depth is transformed in corrosion dispersed organic matter, increase.
6. the method according to claim 1 for increasing shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density, it is characterised in that：Containing oxidation
Agent fracturing fluid enters shale matrix during fracturing work and stewing well along stratification and microcrack, and it is strong that oxidation corrosion reduces rock
Degree, and gas is generated, stress raisers generate crack and promote fracture extension；The gas generated is reacted during the row of returning again
Fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) pressure difference can be improved.
7. the method according to claim 1 for increasing shale gas well fracturing reform seam reticular density, it is characterised in that：Containing oxidation
Agent fracturing fluid can eliminate organic matter and some of the contaminants in fracturing fluid during fracturing work and stewing well.
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| CN106248712B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2018-02-06 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Microcrack makes seam method, the measuring method of microcrack density and the preparation method of method for establishing model and microcrack rock core in rock core |
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| CN108252700B (en) * | 2018-03-18 | 2020-02-07 | 西南石油大学 | Shale oil and gas reservoir oxidation thermal shock bursting transformation method |
| CN109370557A (en) * | 2018-12-09 | 2019-02-22 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of oxidation solution of suitable shale oxidation transformation |
| CN109751031A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-14 | 西南石油大学 | It is environmental-friendly after a kind of shale gas well hydraulic fracturing to continue remodeling method |
| CN110029977B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2021-12-07 | 西南石油大学 | Zero-flowback environment-friendly oxidation-imbibition method for improving recovery ratio of shale gas well fracturing fluid |
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| CN113107454B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-05-03 | 刘常青 | Reservoir transformation method and application of normal-pressure shale gas horizontal well |
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| CN113484216B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2023-10-20 | 西南石油大学 | Method for evaluating water phase flowback rate and reasonable flowback pressure difference of tight sandstone gas reservoir |
| CN113863913B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-11-25 | 西南石油大学 | Shale gas layer oxidation burst transformation method |
| CN114396248A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-26 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Method for organic matter pyrolysis conversion and heavy hydrocarbon modification |
| CN114989804B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2023-09-19 | 西南石油大学 | Method for determining consumption of oxidizing liquid based on shale gas layer fracturing transformation effect |
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