CN105619114A

CN105619114A - Curved-face self-centering clamp

Info

Publication number: CN105619114A
Application number: CN201610116673.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵东宏; 刘伯玉; 赵利民; 王洋洋
Original assignee: Yangzhou Polytechnic Institute
Current assignee: Yangzhou Yanhui Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2016-02-22
Filing date: 2016-02-22
Publication date: 2016-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2036-02-22
Also published as: CN105619114B

Abstract

The invention provides a curved-face self-centering clamp which comprises a numerical control dividing head, radial locating seats, a dividing head end main shaft, a main shaft clamping spring, a radial clamping shaft, a radial clamping shaft seat, radial clamping shaft seat reset springs, radial clamping shaft reset springs, oblique roller path steel balls, oblique roller path steel ball limiting sleeves, a linear movement end main shaft, a movement end fixing seat, a linear roller path fixing seat, a linear roller path movement seat, linear roller path steel balls, a bearing, an air cylinder, an air cylinder support, a base and the like. Radial self-centering synchronous clamping can be achieved at the two ends of a shaft part, continuous numerical control rotation movement can be achieved, on the basis of the clamping principle, linear movement and rotating movement of the clamp in the axial direction are independent of each other through structural design and linear movement in the axial direction is converted into clamping movement in the radial direction of the clamp, rolling friction is mainly adopted in the clamping process, and the clamp is convenient to machine, long in service life and high in locating precision.

Description

Curved surface self-centering fixture

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of curved surface self-centering fixture, particularly relate to the synchronous curved surface self-centering fixture of both-end for curved surface axial workpiece in a kind of numerical control 4 axle lathe.

Background technology

First part to be carried out reliable clamping by mechanical workout, the processing object of usual numerical control 4 axle lathe is the axial workpiece that " length-to-diameter ratio " is bigger, numerical control 4 axle lathe is except X, Y, a turning axle A is also had outside Z tri-linear motion axis, NC Programming Coordinate System should be arranged on the axis of turning axle, current turning axle is provided with three jaw self-centering chucks usually, one end clamping the other end is adopted to add the installation mode of thimble, rotation center is found for circular rule part accurately very convenient, but for the axial workpiece particularly curved surface tubing part that surface is complex-curved, three jaw self-centering chucks can not be adopted, thimble (being hollow in the middle part of tubing part) can not be adopted, thus the clamping difficulty causing complex-curved axial workpiece is multiplied. the urgent self-centering fixture needing a kind of energy complex-curved axial workpiece clamping of adaptation at present, require by axial linear movement in the rigidity location axially realizing fixture, radial self-centering synchronous clamping can be realized at axial workpiece two ends simultaneously, also wanting after clamp to do stepless rotary motion, rotary motion and the axial linear movement of fixture are separate.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of curved surface self-centering fixture, it is possible to realize radial self-centering synchronous clamping at axial workpiece two ends, and can realize the motion of continuous print digital controlled rotary. Clamping principle makes the axial linear movement of fixture and rotary motion separate by structure design, and axial linear movement is converted to the clamping campaign of fixture radial direction, in clamping process based on rolling resistance, fixture long service life easy to process, positioning precision height.

For achieving the above object, curved surface self-centering fixture provided by the invention, comprises NC dividing head, radial location seat, calibration head end main shaft, main shaft spring, radial clamping axle, radial clamping axle bed, radial clamping axle bed return spring, radial clamping axle return spring, oblique raceway steel ball, the oblique spacing cover of raceway steel ball, rectilinear movement end main shaft, mobile terminal permanent seat, straight line raceway permanent seat, straight line raceway moves seat, straight line raceway steel ball, rolling bearing, cylinder, cylinder saddle, pedestal. Numerical control scale-division head clamping spiral head end main shaft, main shaft spring end face contacts with the step on calibration head end main shaft, the other end contacts with radial location seat end face, radial location seat and calibration head end main shaft are running fit, can having linear relative movement vertically, the relative rotary motion at circumferential direction is restricted. Radial clamping axle bed has and slightly locates groove, the lateral profile of thick location groove obtains by axle class curved surface part is outwardly biased, the lateral profile of same radial clamping axle bed also obtains by axle class curved surface part is outwardly biased, the hole being distributed with some equal diameter on radial clamping axle bed, the normal direction of its orientation of its axis axial workpiece outside surface. Hole on radial clamping axle and radial clamping axle bed is for being slidably matched, it is possible to make translational motion. At the radial clamping axle bed of calibration head end main shaft side and calibration head end main shaft, all it is slidably matched with rectilinear movement end main shaft at the radial clamping axle bed of rectilinear movement end main shaft side, and there is no relative rotary motion at circumferential direction. One end of radial clamping axle bed return spring contacts with seat bottom surface, radial location, the end contact of the other end and radial clamping axle bed.

Further, radial clamping axle upper end is designed with oblique ball-track, radial clamping axle bed also has oblique ball-track corresponding with it, the oblique angle of oblique ball-track is generally between 10-30 degree, the axis of oblique ball-track and the axis co-planar of calibration head end main shaft, oblique raceway steel ball and oblique raceway contact point are in rolling resistance state.

Further, the oblique spacing cover of raceway steel ball is fixed on radial clamping axle, it is possible to limit the position of oblique raceway steel ball, and radial clamping axle return spring upper end and the spacing cover end contact of oblique raceway steel ball, lower end contacts with radial clamping axle bed.

Further, the thick location bottom portion of groove plane contact of axle class curved surface part end face and radial clamping axle bed, the side of curved surface axial workpiece contacts with some radial clamping axial end in the clamp state.

Further, cylinder is bolted on cylinder saddle, and the front end of cylinder axis is fixed on rectilinear movement end main shaft, it is possible to linearly move around. Cylinder saddle is bolted on pedestal.

Rolling bearing inner ring is fixed on rectilinear movement end main shaft, straight line raceway moves seat and is fixed on housing washer, straight line raceway permanent seat is fixed on the permanent seat of mobile terminal, straight line raceway steel ball and straight line raceway move respective straight line raceway on seat, straight line raceway permanent seat and keep in touch, and mobile terminal permanent seat is bolted on pedestal.

The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages: axial motion is converted into oblique motion and radial motion, thus complete the clamping action of part, longitudinal stiffness is located, radial elastic clamps, axial motion and oblique moving process are rolling resistance, the resistance of motion is little, fixture life-span long failure rate is low.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is curved surface self-centering fixture overall appearance figure.

Fig. 2 is curved surface self-centering fixture straight line and rotation structure enlarged view.

Fig. 3 is curved surface self-centering fixture partial enlargement figure.

Wherein: comprise 1 NC dividing head, 2 radial location seats, 3 calibration head end main shafts, 4 main shaft springs, 5 radial clamping axles, 6 radial clamping axle beds, 7 radial clamping axle bed return springs, 8 radial clamping axle return springs, 9 oblique raceway steel balls, the 10 oblique spacing covers of raceway steel ball, 11 rectilinear movement end main shafts, 12 mobile terminal permanent seats, 13 straight line raceway permanent seats, 14 straight line raceways move seat, 15 straight line raceway steel balls, 16 rolling bearings, 17 cylinders, 18 cylinder saddles, 19 pedestals, 20 axle class curved surface parts.

Embodiment

In order to make the object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, the present invention is further detailed explanation by reference to the accompanying drawings.

Curved surface self-centering fixture provided by the invention, comprise NC dividing head 1, radial location seat 2, calibration head end main shaft 3, main shaft spring 4, radial clamping axle 5, radial clamping axle bed 6, radial clamping axle bed return spring 7, radial clamping axle return spring 8, oblique raceway steel ball 9, the spacing cover 10 of oblique raceway steel ball, rectilinear movement end main shaft 11, mobile terminal permanent seat 12, straight line raceway permanent seat 13, straight line raceway moves seat 14, straight line raceway steel ball 15, rolling bearing 16, cylinder 17, cylinder saddle 18, pedestal 19, axle class curved surface part 20. Such as Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3, NC dividing head 1 clamps calibration head end main shaft 3, it is possible to carry out continuous print rotary motion according to the command request of numerical control program; Cylinder 17 is fixed on pedestal 19 by cylinder saddle 18, and cylinder axis 17-1 is connected with rectilinear movement end main shaft 11, it is possible to do reciprocating linear motion.

As shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3, when to be clamped axle class curved surface part 20, cylinder axis 17-1 drives rectilinear movement end main shaft 11 to make translational motion to NC dividing head 1 direction, and the rolling bearing 16 being fixed on rectilinear movement end main shaft 11 drives straight line raceway to move seat 14 and moves forward. Straight line raceway steel ball 15 moves the dynamic straight line raceway 14-1 on the seat 14 and quiet straight line raceway 13-1 on straight line raceway permanent seat 13 and contacts with straight line raceway so that translational motion is based on rolling resistance.

In clamping process, cylinder axis 17-1 promotes rectilinear movement end main shaft 11 to move to NC dividing head 1 end, the radial location seat 2 being fixed on rectilinear movement end main shaft 11 promotes the groove 6-1 bottom surface, thick location of radial clamping axle bed 6 and the end contact of axle class curved surface part 20 by radial clamping axle bed return spring 7, axle class curved surface part 20 is promoted to continue motion, until its end face contacts with the bottom surface of the thick location groove 6-1 of another radial clamping axle bed 6 at NC dividing head 1 end.

The resistance that the end thrust of cylinder axis 17 forces the radial location seat 2 of rectilinear movement end main shaft 11 side to overcome radial clamping axle bed return spring 7 continues motion, by location seat oblique ball-track 2-1, oblique raceway steel ball 9 and clamping axle oblique ball-track 5-1, axial motion is converted into the centripetal clamping motion of radial clamping axle 5, friction in this moving process is mainly rolling resistance, and clamping force depends on cylinder 17 and the gradient of the location oblique ball-track 2-1 of seat.

The end thrust of cylinder 17 acts on the groove 6-1 bottom surface, thick location of the radial clamping axle bed 6 of NC dividing head 1 end by axle class curved surface part 20, then it is delivered on the seat 2 of radial location, the resistance that radial location seat 2 overcomes main shaft spring 4 moves forward, until its end face contacts with the step on calibration head end main shaft 3, being converted on radial clamping axle 5 by axial motion centripetal clamping by location seat oblique ball-track 2-1 and oblique raceway steel ball 10 to move, the friction in this moving process is rolling resistance. Clamping force depends on main shaft spring 4 and the gradient of the location oblique ball-track 2-1 of seat.

After completing radial clamping, under numerical control program instruction, NC dividing head 1 can do stepless rotary motion by band moving axis class curved surface part 20, it is achieved numerical control 4 axle is processed, and the existence of rolling bearing 16 makes rotary motion based on rolling resistance.

When to be unclamped axle class curved surface part 20, cylinder axis 17-1 drives rectilinear movement end main shaft 11 to make translational motion to cylinder 17 direction, and under radial clamping axle bed return spring 7 and radial clamping axle return spring 8 act on, curved surface self-centering fixture returns to original state.

Claims

1. a curved surface self-centering fixture, comprise radial location seat (2), radial clamping axle (5), radial clamping axle bed (6), oblique raceway steel ball (9), it is characterized in that, described radial direction location seat (2) has the location oblique ball-track of seat (2-1), gradient is consistent with the oblique ball-track of the clamping axle (5-1) on radial clamping axle (5), described oblique raceway steel ball (9) is kept in touch with the location oblique ball-track of seat (2-1) and the clamping oblique ball-track of axle (5-1) simultaneously, the axis direction of described radial clamping axle (5) is perpendicular to axle class curved surface part (20) outside surface, described radial clamping axle bed (6) makes translational motion along the axis of calibration head end main shaft (3).

2. curved surface self-centering fixture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described radial direction location seat (2) is running fit with calibration head end main shaft (3), there is linear relative movement vertically, at circumferential direction without relative rotary motion, the end face of main shaft spring (4) contacts with the step on calibration head end main shaft (3), and other end contacts with radial location seat (2) end face.

3. curved surface self-centering fixture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described radial clamping axle bed (6) is distributed with the hole of some equal diameter, the normal direction of its orientation of its axis axle class curved surface part (20) outside surface, with radial clamping axle (5) for being slidably matched, radial clamping axle bed (6) and calibration head end main shaft (3) are running fit, there is linear relative movement vertically, at circumferential direction without relative rotary motion, radial clamping axle bed return spring (7) one end contacts with the bottom surface of radial location seat (2), the end contact of the other end and radial clamping axle bed (6).

4. curved surface self-centering fixture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the lateral profile of thick location groove (6-1) on described radial clamping axle bed (6) obtains by axle class curved surface part (20) is outwardly biased, and the lateral profile (6-2) of radial clamping axle bed (6) obtains by axle class curved surface part (20) is outwardly biased.

5. curved surface self-centering fixture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the spacing cover of described oblique raceway steel ball (10) is fixed on radial clamping axle (5), radial clamping axle return spring (8) upper end and oblique raceway steel ball spacing cover (10) end contact, lower end contacts with radial clamping axle bed (6).

6. curved surface self-centering fixture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the end face of described axle class curved surface part (20) contacts with the base plane of thick location groove (6-1) on radial clamping axle bed (6), in the clamp state the side of axle class curved surface part (20) and the end contact of radial clamping axle (5).

7. curved surface self-centering fixture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cylinder (17) is fixed on cylinder saddle (18), cylinder axis (17-1) is fixed in rectilinear movement end main shaft (11), and cylinder saddle (18) is fixed on pedestal (19).

8. curved surface self-centering fixture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rolling bearing (16) inner ring is fixed in rectilinear movement end main shaft (11), straight line raceway moves seat (14) and is fixed on the outer ring of rolling bearing (16), straight line raceway permanent seat (13) is fixed on mobile terminal permanent seat (12), straight line raceway steel ball (15) moves the dynamic straight line raceway (14-1) on seat (14) with straight line raceway and the quiet straight line raceway (13-1) on straight line raceway permanent seat (13) contacts, mobile terminal permanent seat (12) is bolted on pedestal (19).