CN105611489A - Terminal, base station and communication mechanism applied in wide area internet of things M2M (Machine to Machine) communication network - Google Patents
Terminal, base station and communication mechanism applied in wide area internet of things M2M (Machine to Machine) communication network Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W60/00—Affiliation to network, e.g. registration; Terminating affiliation with the network, e.g. de-registration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
- H04W76/19—Connection re-establishment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/40—Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast
Abstract
The invention relates to a terminal, base station and communication mechanism applied in a wide area internet of things M2M (Machine to Machine) communication network. The terminal comprises the following steps of after a terminal broadcast channel is started, receiving and analyzing broadcast information of the communication network; confirming whether the terminal belongs to a current network or not according to the analyzed broadcast information, wherein the broadcast information comprises the network identifier of the current network; after confirming that the terminal belongs to the current network according to the broadcast network identifier, sending a data transmission request to the base station of the current network, wherein the data transmission request comprises a currently sent frame serial number; receiving a data receiving confirming response fed back by the base station, thus confirming whether to sendthe data again or continue to send next frame data or not, wherein a current receiving confirming frame serial number is carried in the data receiving confirming response. According to the communication mechanism in the wide area internet of things M2M communication network provided by the invention, the operation processes and corresponding communication data contents of each stage in two-way communication are clear and definite; and therefore, the compatibility of interaction data in different internets of things and the uniform management of the cloud platform of an upper layer server to the terminal are realized.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to communication technical field, be specifically related to wide area Internet of Things M2M (MachinetoMachine,Machine and machinery compartment) terminal, base station and communication mechanism and agreement in communication network.
Background technology
Along with the development of generation information technology, by communication technologys such as Intellisense, identification and general fit calculations,Sensor, controller, machine, people and thing etc., with simply, flexibly, mode is connected in one cheaplyRise, form the network that people and thing, thing and thing are connected, realize the thing connection of informationization, intellectuality and remote-controlNet. Can meet a wide area thing connection technology for remote, low-power consumption, low cost, high reliability, realizationAll objects in network coverage are carried out to the telecommunication management of M2M, become Internet of Things and broken through traditional skillThe new focus of art pattern.
Wide area technology of Internet of things is wide with its communication coverage, amount of communication data is little, transmitted in both directions, super large eventuallyEnd holds quantity, the feature such as low system power dissipation extremely, is applicable to being very much applied to remote data acquisition and monitoring.Wide area technology of Internet of things taking LoraWAN, SIGFOX, Weightless etc. as representative in current industryProgressively launch application, but Internet of Things communication mechanism and agreement relative closure and independence that each manufacturer adopts,Can not be compatible, cause the repeated construction of Internet of Things engineering, Internet resources huge waste, network use costHeight cannot penetration and promotion, seriously unified plan and the development of bar networking.
In the face of Internet of Things low cost construction, the use of low door, high reliability communication, large quantity terminal accessMarket demands, are therefore necessary to propose a kind of wide area Internet of Things communication mechanism and consensus standard and form unified rowIndustry communication specification, makes to adopt the wide area Internet of Things of different technology of Internet of things can keep to each other in different fieldData compatible and meet the unified management of server cloud platform.
Summary of the invention
According to the application's first aspect, the application provides a kind of terminal, is applied to machine in wide area Internet of ThingsCommunication network with machinery compartment, comprising:
Broadcast reception module, for enabling after terminal broadcast channel, receives and resolves described communication networkBroadcast message, according to resolve described broadcast message to be confirmed whether to belong to current network, wherein said broadcastPackets of information is containing the network identity of described current network;
Terminal data transport module, it comprises request of data transmitting element and data response receiving element,
Described request of data transmitting element is for belonging to described current network according to described radio network identity validationAfter, sending data transfer request to the base station of described current network, described data transfer request comprises currentThe frame number sending;
Described data response receiving element is for receiving the frame that carries current confirmation of receipt of described base station feedbackThe data reception acknowledgement response of sequence number, to be confirmed whether needing retransmission data or to continue transmission next frame data.
Further, described terminal also comprises endpoint registration module, terminal challenge module and terminal active moduleIn one or two or all;
Described endpoint registration module comprises: registration request transmitting element, and for true according to described network identityRecognize and do not belong to after described current network, send networking registration request, described network registration request to described base stationThe physical address that comprises terminal; Registration response receiving element, for receiving the registration response of described base station feedbackInformation succeeds in registration being confirmed whether;
Described terminal challenge module comprises: link request transmitting element, and for carrying out data to described base stationBefore transmission, send link request to obtain channel occupancy priority to described base station; Link response receiving element,The link response information that is used for receiving described base station feedback is to be confirmed whether to be allowed to use link;
Described terminal active module, for before terminal enters communication network, receives networking authorisation device and sendsActivation request, write active information according to described activation request in this locality, and to described networking authorisation deviceFeedback activation confirmation information; Wherein, the information that described activation request is carried comprises that described communication network is according to endThe communication mode that the communication standard of end distributes and selectable all channel parameters and according to described terminalThe individualized feature information that apply property is definite, described active information comprises described communication mode, described channelParameter and described individualized feature information.
According to the application's second aspect, the application provides a kind of base station, is applied to machine in wide area Internet of ThingsCommunication network with machinery compartment, comprising:
Broadcast transmission module, for periodically launching broadcast message by network broadcast channel, described broadcastPackets of information is containing the network identity of current network;
Network data transmission module, it comprises request of data receiving element and data response transmitting element,
The data transfer request that described request of data receiving element sends for receiving terminal, described data passThe frame number that defeated request comprises current transmission;
Described data response transmitting element, for according to described data transfer request, carries to described terminal feedbackThere is the data reception acknowledgement response of the frame number of current confirmation of receipt.
Further, described base station also comprises: also comprise network registry module, network competition module and networkOne or two in cancellation module or whole;
Described network registry module comprises: registration request receiving element, for receiving, described terminal sendsNetwork registration request, the physical address that described network registration request comprises terminal; Registration response transmitting element,For according to described network registration request, to described terminal feedback registration response message to inform described terminal beNo succeeding in registration;
Described network competition module comprises: link request receiving element, for receiving, described terminal sendsLink request; Link response transmitting element, for to described terminal feedback link response information with described in informingWhether terminal is allowed to use link;
Described network is nullified module and is permitted so that described working as in the communication of described current network for deleting terminalFront network no longer receives the communication request of this terminal.
In a kind of embodiment, above-mentioned terminal or the base station communication data in communication process is pressed scheduled communication associationThe encapsulation of view frame message format, described predefined communication protocol frame message format is pressed start-of-frame field, physical addressField, link control domain field, network identifier field, attributive character field, command control word field,Optional data field field, check field, frame end symbol field are arranged in order composition, described start-of-frame wordSection and described frame end symbol field represent the initial sum ending of message, and described physical address field represents present frameThe destination address sending to, described link control domain field represents the up-downlink direction of communication link, described netNetwork identifier field represents place network of network beacon sign, and described attributive character field represents the individual of terminalProperty characteristic attribute, described command control word field represents the command operation of present frame, described data field fieldRepresent the data message that present frame carries, described check field represents from described physical address field to described schoolTest the field data detection value of all fields before.
According to the application's the third aspect, the application provides a kind of communication mechanism, is applied in wide area Internet of ThingsThe communication network of machine and machinery compartment, described communication mechanism adopts media access control mode to realize described communicationThe communication of each node in network, wherein, described communication mechanism comprises:
First node in described communication network receives and resolves the broadcast from the service node in current networkInformation, confirms according to the described broadcast message of resolving whether described first node belongs to described current network, itsDescribed in the broadcast message network identity that comprises described current network;
Described first node is belonging to described current net according to first node described in described radio network identity validationAfter network, send data transfer request to described service node, described data transfer request comprises current transmissionFrame number;
Described first node receives the number of the frame number that carries current confirmation of receipt of described service node feedbackAccording to confirmation of receipt response, whether need retransmission data or continuation according to described data reception acknowledgement response confirmationSend next frame data.
Further, described communication mechanism also comprises:
Confirming not belong to after described current network according to described network identity, described first node is to described clothesBusiness node sends networking registration request, and described network registration request comprises described first node terminal physicallyLocation;
The registration response message that described first node receives described service node feedback is registered being confirmed whetherMerit.
Further, described communication mechanism also comprises:
Carrying out before transfer of data to described service node, described first node sends chain to described service nodeRoad request is to obtain channel occupancy priority;
The link response information that described first node receives described service node feedback is allowed to make being confirmed whetherUse link.
Further, described communication mechanism also comprises:
Before described first node enters described current network, described first node receives networking authorisation deviceThe activation request of sending, according to described activation request, described first node writes active information, and to instituteState networking authorisation device feedback activation confirmation information;
Wherein, the information that described activation request is carried comprises described communication network leading to according to described first nodeThe communication mode that letter standard is distributed and selectable all channel parameters and answering according to described first nodeThe individualized feature information of the described first node of determining with attribute, described active information comprises described communication partyFormula, described channel parameter and described individualized feature information.
Further, described communication mechanism also comprises:
Described first node does not receive from the information of described service node or not to institute in Preset TimeState service node and send information, described first node is nullified from described current network.
The application has proposed the communication mechanism of wide area Internet of Things M2M communication network, to communicating by letter of terminal and base stationProcess is carried out combing, the operating process in clear and definite each stage of both sides' two-way communication and corresponding communication data content,Thereby can realize compatibility and the unification of top service device cloud platform to terminal of interaction data in different Internet of ThingsManagement.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, required in describing embodiment belowThe accompanying drawing using is briefly described.
Fig. 1 is that in the application one embodiment, wide area Internet of Things adopts media access control mode to realize activation, noteThe schematic flow sheet of volume, competition, cancellation four mechanism;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of terminal and inter base station communication in the application one embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the composition schematic diagram of predefined communication protocol frame message format in the application one embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the composition schematic diagram of the message format of broadcast frame in the application one embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the composition schematic diagram of the message format of the application's one embodiment link claim frame;
Fig. 6 is the composition schematic diagram of the message format of the application's one embodiment link response frame;
Fig. 7 is the composition schematic diagram of the message format of registration request frame in the application one embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the composition schematic diagram of the message format of registration response frame in the application one embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the composition schematic diagram of the message format of data transfer request frame in the application one embodiment;
Figure 10 is the composition schematic diagram of the message format of data reception acknowledgement frame in the application one embodiment;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of wide area Internet of Things in the application one embodiment;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of wide area Internet of Things M2M communication network in the application one embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Wide area Internet of Things M2M communication mechanism and agreement that the embodiment of the present application proposes are exactly in communication processMechanism carry out combing, data interaction protocol is analyzed, specify each stage of wide area Internet of Things two-way communicationOperating process and corresponding protocol massages content, for the different technologies that is applied to wide area Internet of Things provides systemOne technical standard.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the application is described in further detail below by detailed description of the invention.
In the application one embodiment, wide area Internet of Things M2M communicates by letter mainly by communication mechanism and communication protocol groupBecome, wherein communication mechanism adopts medium access control (MediumAccessControl, MAC) mode,Realize access control and Data Transmission Controlling to thousands of terminals; Communication protocol has been arranged communicationThe message format of request, response processing and transfer of data in process.
As shown in figure 11, the public affairs that wide area Internet of Things is made up of some M2M communication networks (subnet)Common network network, each subnet has a service node (also referred to as base station or concentrator) and several first segmentsPoint (also referred to as terminal), and cover certain geographic range. Data between each subnet are finally passed through conventionallyThe public networks such as Internet/4G or proprietary network are linked into back-end server cloud platform, realize whole Internet of Things is coveredThe access control of all terminals in scope. In order to make full use of Internet resources, maintain network and reasonably hold energyPower, it is particularly important that the medium access control of network system just seems.
In the application one embodiment, the media access control mode of wide area Internet of Things comprise the activation of terminal,Register, compete, nullify this four mechanism, and communication process in each mechanism. A terminal canJoin in wide area Internet of Things, first need to obtain the license that networks, only have the authorized terminal activating just to permitPermitted to add network. The authorized terminal activating joins for the first time network or leaves legacy network and is linked into anotherIndividual network all need to be registered and just be allowed through this network and carry out transfer of data in corresponding network.Terminal needs to occupy proprietary communication link by competition and completes transfer of data in network, after end of transmission, dischargesCommunication link. (for example terminal does not send data at Preset Time to terminal deviated from network to base station, or base stationIn Preset Time, do not receive the data of self terminal) or networking license expiration after, network all can be rightTerminal is nullified processing, now terminal no longer licensed data transfer access, MAC of carrying out in this networkMode as shown in Figure 1.
Activation mechanism is must carry out terminal by special networking mandate activated equipment before terminal networksNetwork and authorize. System authenticates terminal on backstage, and according to the communication standard of terminal, distributes and writeThe communication mode that it is corresponding and selectable all channel parameters, also write individual character according to the apply property of terminalChange characteristic information. Communication standard refer to terminal adopt the Internet of Things communication technology, as LoraWAN, SIGFOX,Weightless etc.; Communication mode refers to that terminal, in the technology of Internet of things adopting, uploads number in mode initiativelyIt is believed that breath, or receive after network collection request of data uploading data information again in passive mode, or hold concurrentlyHold first two mode; Channel parameter refers to the parameters of all available channels in network, comprise frequency,The parameter such as bandwidth, power; Apply property refers to the identity information of terminal, as ammeter, water meter, pipeline, roadLamp, parking stall etc., individualized feature information comprises affiliated identity information, geographical position etc. For example, activateThe a certain terminal detecting for parking stall, this terminal adopts the LoraWAN communication technology, sets its communication modeFor active upload data, available 3 groups of channels in network, by the parameter of each group of channel for example(1).Freq＝489MHz,BW＝125KHz,SF＝8,CR＝2；(2).Freq＝476MHz,BW＝125KHz,SF＝9,CR=2; (3) .Freq=471MHz, BW=250KHz, SF=10, CR=2 writes terminal; This terminal applies is in parkingPosition is detected, and writes this terminal identity and be the individualized feature such as geographical position at parking stall measure and this place, parking stallInformation.
In the time using activation mechanism activated terminals, as shown in Figure 1, network and authorize activated equipment first to send out to terminalSend activation request, terminal receives and writes after active information, then returns to activation confirmation information, completes terminal and swashsLive. Terminal just can, according to communication standard and the channel of authorizing, be searched for corresponding wide area internet of things after activatingAnd communicate with it.
Login mechanism, is in the time that terminal enters into unregistered network, needs first to send and add application to network,Network allows terminal to become after network members, gives terminal distribution communication channel and returns to accreditation verification, and terminal connectsAfter receiving confirmation, complete network registry. Terminal can be according to unique network mark complete registration in network afterKnow and judge oneself whether to be this network members, and only in affiliated network, carry out data interaction. Complete registrationAfter terminal can only be a network of network member at synchronization, even the end in network overlapped regionEnd can not have multimeshed network member identity.
Competition mechanism, is in the time that terminal communicates in belonging network, in order preferentially to seize channel, firstNeed to send link request to network, network receives after terminal request, according to first to file preemption use and competingWhether strive priority, determine to allow terminal to use this channel return link response, terminal receives link and ringsYing Hou, judges whether that channel is seized in competition successful, then determines whether to carry out data interaction. Competition is robbed and is accounted forThe terminal of channel is preferentially used this channel to carry out transfer of data, is transmitted this channel of rear release, needs next timeWhile communicating, again seize channel with other terminal challenge.
De-registration mechanism, be when terminal deviated from network (for example terminal Preset Time to base station send data,Or base station does not receive the data of self terminal in Preset Time) or network license when invalid, systemService cloud platform is not deleted the communication license of terminal in network, no longer receives the communication request of this terminal, not yetThe data message of this terminal is provided at cloud service platform.
In the application one embodiment, wide area Internet of Things is supported multichannel communication, and is divided into broadcast channel and numberIt is believed that two kinds of patterns.
Broadcast channel can periodic transmission broadcast message, comprises radio network mark, broadcast in broadcast messageThe information such as control instruction, broadcast standard time. Wherein, radio network mark is used for diffServ network, thereby eventuallyEnd can judge own belonging network according to network identity, and in this network initiating communication; Broadcasting Control refers toOrder can be carried out specific control operation to the arbitrary terminal in network registry, the operated from a distance of complete paired terminal;The broadcast standard time is for carrying out synchronous correction to the time of terminal. Periodically broadcast is not only to networkInterior terminal sends network-specific information, also for particular terminal is carried out to broadcast & call control, and terminalPeriodically network is connected and detected.
Data channel is for the transfer of data of terminal and network, data transmission procedure generally comprise link request,Link response, data sending request and data receiver response, terminal is in the time running into extremely urgent and alert eventCan also directly carry out emergency data sends request. Emergency data and non-emergent data are the inside machines by terminalSystem judges and produces. Emergency data refers to that terminal detects the information that extremely need to report to the police immediately; Non-emergent numberAccording to the normal data information that refers to that terminal detects. Terminal can not need to carry out chain in the time uploading emergency dataRoad application, but directly seize channel communication, that is to say that terminal has tightly in the emergency data message of uploadingAnxious alarm command control word, by this emergency alarm command control word, system can identify current for urgentData report, so can not need to apply for link.
Terminal and network base station or concentrator all have broadcast channel and these two kinds of channelling modes of data channel. NetNetwork base station or concentrator can use one group of fixing common signal channel as broadcast channel, and to this network coverageTerminal in scope sends broadcast message, after the authorized activation of terminal, enables authorized broadcast channel, canTo receive network broadcast information. Terminal and network base station or concentrator carry out data interaction by data channel,Terminal to base station or concentrator send communication request, base station or concentrator return to request response to terminal.
Terminal when initiating communication, first needs to intercept broadcast acknowledgements place network in wide area internet of things, asFruit terminal does not also add this network, also must, according to the broadcast receiving, network and note to corresponding network applicationVolume, network according to channel resource to terminal distribution data channel. Then terminal sends link request and waits for linkResponse, after link allows, terminal sends data sending request, waits for data receiver response, receives data and connectsReceive response. Terminal repeating data sends request and receives data receiver response, until complete transfer of data, knotShu Benci communication, flow process as shown in Figure 2.
Link request, be terminal in the time uploading non-emergent data to network, need first to place network application chainRoad, sends link response after network processes, inform whether terminal links allows. The link request that terminal sends,Can make network allocation of channel resources in an orderly manner, process the communication request of different stage according to communication priority,Thereby optimized network communication efficiency.
Link response is that network receives after the link request of terminal transmission, according to channel resource and preferential placeReason rank, makes the response that whether allows terminal links communication, and terminal receives the laggard line link of link responseCommunicate by letter or abandon link and wait for application next time. Channel resource refers to available channel, and priority treatment rank is netThe priority treatment mechanism that make according to terminal attribute feature network inside. For example, in network, there is the electricity of detection simultaneouslyTable, water meter, street lamp, these four kinds of terminals of parking stall, wherein ammeter, the common operation parameter of water meter areFreq=489MHz, BW=125KHz, SF=8, the data channel of CR=2; Street lamp, the common operation parameter in parking stallFor Freq=471MHz, BW=250KHz, SF=10, the data channel of CR=2. Network internal approximately fixes on when a certainBetween in scope each channel priority treatment order be respectively ammeter, water meter and street lamp, parking stall. When four kinds of terminals existWhile now all sending link request, network is according to priority treatment mechanism, channel 1 preferential answering ammeter terminalLink request allows communication, and the link request of channel 2 preferential answering street lamp terminals allows communication, and priority is lowLink request will be rejected; Channel 1 has been until after all ammeter terminal datas have uploaded, just response successivelyThe link request of water meter terminal allows communication, and channel 2 is until after all street lamp terminal datas have uploaded,The link request that responds successively water meter terminal allows communication.
Data sending request is terminal after obtaining link and allowing, and sends according to predefined communication protocol to networkThe data message of frame message format encapsulation, if data message exceeds the maximum byte restriction that single sends, eventuallyEnd can split into some sections data message and send to successively network again.
Data receiver response, is network while often receiving the data message that a frame terminal sends, responds to terminalConfirmation of receipt information, successfully whether terminal send according to whether receiving data receiver response, judge, withAnd whether need to retransmit.
Emergency data sends request, and is that terminal has emergency to give the correct time on need to be immediately, can be without linkRequest is directly jumped the queue and is preferentially carried out network service in communication terminal queue, so that in time that emergency is logicalKnow management backstage.
Carry out data interaction for the ease of terminal and network, need to arrange communication protocol and data message form.In the application one embodiment, wide area Internet of Things communication protocol comprises Radio Broadcasting Agreements, link protocol, registration associationNegotiation Data Transport Protocol.
Radio Broadcasting Agreements comprises network public information, for example broadcast address, radio network mark, Broadcasting Control lifeMake, broadcast standard time etc., the base station of network-side or concentrator be by periodically unidirectional broadcasting of Radio Broadcasting Agreements,Set up networked beacons mark. Base station or concentrator can, by broadcast, be realized according to Broadcasting Control order simultaneouslyTo the operation control of particular terminal.
Link protocol comprises link request and link response. When terminal initiating communication, first need to place netNetwork base station or concentrator send link request, obtain channel occupancy priority; Base station or concentrator are according to channelUse priority, determine whether allow link, and issue link response.
Log-in protocol comprises registration request and registration response. When terminal is initiated network registration request, the entering of transmissionIn net registration request, comprise terminal MAC Address (claiming again physical address) and individualized feature information; Base station orConcentrator is confirmed end message, and after critic network resource, returns to registration response and inform whether terminal is registeredMerit.
Data Transport Protocol comprises request of data and receives response. It is flat that data message is uploaded to service cloud by terminalBefore platform, need to be to base station or concentrator send data transfer request; Network receives after the data message of terminal,Return data confirmation of receipt; Terminal is according to the data reception acknowledgement response of network-feedback, checks that this response takesThe data reception acknowledgement sequence number of band, judges whether to need to retransmit or continue to send next frame data, until completeAll transfer of data, release data channel link.
Known according to aforementioned communication mechanism, communication protocol roughly comprises broadcast frame (Broadcast), link request frame(Link_Request), link response frame (Link_ACK), registration request frame (Register_Request), registrationResponse frame (Register_ACK), data transfer request frame (Data_Request), data reception acknowledgement frame(Data_ACK)。
In the application one embodiment, all communication protocol frame message formats are all according to start-of-frame, MAC groundLocation, link control domain, network identifier, attributive character, command control word, data field, verification, frame knotThese fields of bundle symbol are arranged in order composition, and wherein, data field field is Optional Field, as shown in Figure 3. ItsIn, start-of-frame and frame end symbol represent the initial sum ending of message; MAC Address represents what this frame sent toDestination address; Link control domain represents the up-downlink direction of communication link; Network identifier represents place networkNetworked beacons mark; Attributive character represents the individualized feature attribute of terminal; Command control word represents this frameCommand operation; Data field represents the data message that this frame carries, and notes not carrying the frame message of data messageDo not include this; The data detection value of all fields before verification represents from MAC Address to verification.
For broadcast frame, its message format comprises data field field, as shown in Figure 4. Wherein specify MAC groundLocation is divided into broadcast address and terminal address, and the special byte representation of broadcast address, as " FFFFFFFFFFFF ". Link control domain is downlink mark; Attribute characteristic has the terminal of particular community for broadcast & call,Wherein regulation is with special byte representation terminal public attribute, as " FFFF "; Command control word is used for terminalCarry out Broadcasting Control, wherein regulation with special byte representation to terminal without any operation control, as " FFFF ";Data field comprises unixtime (Unix time), channel status, network state and reserve bytes, wherein retainsByte is for expanding the information of To be improved.
For link request frame, its message format does not comprise data field field, as shown in Figure 5. Wherein, MACAddress is terminal address; Link control domain is up-link mark; Attributive character is terminal customized information;Command control word is link request command word.
For link response frame, its message format does not comprise data field field, as shown in Figure 6. Wherein, MACAddress is terminal address; Link control domain is downlink mark; Attributive character is terminal customized information;Command control word is link response command word, can be divided into link permission and link refusal.
For registration request frame, its message format does not comprise data field field, as shown in Figure 7. Wherein, MACAddress is terminal address; Link control domain is up-link mark; Attributive character is terminal customized information;Command control word is registration request command word.
For registration response frame, its message format can comprise or not comprise data field field, as shown in Figure 8.Wherein, MAC Address is terminal address; Link control domain is downlink mark; Attributive character is terminalProperty information; Command control word is registration response command word. If register response command word as registering after permissionConnect channel number and parameter that registration obtains; If register response command word as registration reject, registration response frameDo not carry data field.
For data transfer request frame, its message format comprises data field field, as shown in Figure 9. Wherein,MAC Address is terminal address; Link control domain is up-link mark; Attributive character is the personalized letter of terminalBreath; Command control word is data transfer request command word. Data field comprises the Frame sum that will send, whenThe frame number of front transmission, data length and data content.
For data reception acknowledgement frame, its message format comprises data field field, as shown in figure 10. Wherein,MAC Address is terminal address; Link control domain is downlink mark; Attributive character is the personalized letter of terminalBreath; Command control word is data reception acknowledgement command word. The frame number that data field comprises current confirmation of receipt.
As shown in figure 12, the wide area Internet of Things M2M communication network that wherein shows the application one embodiment (A subnet shown in Figure 11) structural representation, describe for ease of clear, in figure only taking a station terminal as exampleDescribe, only have a station terminal but should not be construed as in a subnet, in fact can have many station terminals.
As shown in figure 12, the terminal that is applied to wide area Internet of Things M2M communication network comprise terminal active module,Broadcast reception module, endpoint registration module and terminal data transport module. Terminal active module is used in terminalEnter before communication network, receive the activation request that networking authorisation device is sent, according to activation request in this localityWrite active information, and to networking authorisation device feedback activation confirmation information; Wherein, activation request is carriedInformation comprises communication mode and the selectable all channel ginsengs that communication system is distributed according to the communication standard of terminalNumber and the individualized feature information definite according to the apply property of terminal, active information comprises aforesaid logicalLetter mode, channel parameter and individualized feature information. Broadcast reception module is for enabling terminal broadcast channelAfter, receive and resolve the broadcast message of communication network, work as to be confirmed whether to belong to according to the broadcast message of resolvingFront network, the network identity that wherein broadcast message comprises described communication network. Terminal data transport module comprisesRequest of data transmitting element and data response receiving element, request of data transmitting element is used for according to radio networkIdentity validation terminal belongs to after current network, sends data transfer request to the base station of current network, and data passThe frame number that defeated request comprises current transmission; Data response receiving element is for receiving carrying of base station feedbackThe data reception acknowledgement response of the frame number of current confirmation of receipt, needs retransmission data or continues being confirmed whetherSupervention send next frame data. Endpoint registration module comprises registration request transmitting element and registration response receiving element,Registration request transmitting element, for confirming that according to network identity terminal does not belong to after current network, is sent out to base stationSend into net registration request, the physical address that network registration request comprises terminal; Registration response receiving element is used forThe registration response message that receives base station feedback succeeds in registration being confirmed whether. Terminal challenge module comprises that link pleaseAsk transmitting element and link response receiving element, link request transmitting element is used in terminal to base station numberBefore reportedly defeated, send link request to base station to obtain channel occupancy priority; Link response receiving element is usedIn receiving the link response information of base station feedback to be confirmed whether to be allowed to use link. Each module of terminalCommunication process and the communication data relating to thereof adopt the communication mechanism of wide area Internet of Things in previous embodiment to realize,Repeat no more herein.
Still as shown in figure 12, the base station that is applied to wide area Internet of Things M2M communication network comprises broadcast transmission mouldPiece, network registry module, network competition module, network data transmission module and network are nullified module. BroadcastSending module is for periodically launching broadcast message by network broadcast channel, and broadcast message comprises current netThe network identity of network. Network data transmission module comprises request of data receiving element and data response transmitting element,The data transfer request that request of data receiving element sends for receiving terminal, data transfer request comprises to be worked asThe frame number of front transmission; Data response transmitting element, for according to data transfer request, carries to terminal feedbackThere is the data reception acknowledgement response of the frame number of current confirmation of receipt. Network registry module comprises that registration request connectsReceive unit and registration response transmitting element, the networking note that registration request receiving element sends for receiving terminalVolume request, the physical address that network registration request comprises terminal; Registration response transmitting element is used for according to networkingRegistration request, registers response message to inform whether terminal succeeds in registration to terminal feedback. Network competition moduleComprise link request receiving element and link response transmitting element, link request receiving element is for receiving terminalThe link request of sending; Link response transmitting element is used for to terminal feedback link response information to inform endWhether end is allowed to use link. Network is nullified module for deleting the communication license of terminal in current networkSo that current network no longer receives the communication request of this terminal. The communication process of each module of base station and relating toCommunication data adopt the communication mechanism of wide area Internet of Things in previous embodiment to realize, repeat no more herein.
As above the wide area Internet of Things M2M communication mechanism that, the embodiment of the present application proposes can solve current Internet of ThingsThe complex interaction difficult problem that the management of interior terminal and data access face. The activation, registration, competition that wherein propose,Nullify the four principle mechanisms and provide feasible technical scheme for the terminal in effective management Internet of Things, by retouching aboveState can be cheer and bright detailed step and the process of M2M communication, and the containing of the each message field (MFLD) wherein relating toJustice contained with method for expressing communicate by letter in nearly all necessary information, reduced communication complexity, reducedCall duration time, has improved communication efficiency, has also realized the compatibility of interaction data in different Internet of Things and upper simultaneouslyThe unified management of stratum server cloud platform to terminal.
The all or part of step that it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the whole bag of tricks in above-mentioned embodiment canComplete to carry out instruction related hardware by program, this program can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium,Storage medium can comprise: read-only storage, random access memory, disk or CD etc.
Above content is the further description of the application being done in conjunction with concrete embodiment, can not recognizeThe concrete enforcement of determining the application is confined to these explanations. For the ordinary skill of technical field under the applicationPersonnel, not departing under the prerequisite of the application's design, can also make some simple deduction or replace.
Claims (10)
1. a terminal, is applied to the communication network of machine and machinery compartment in wide area Internet of Things, it is characterized in that,Comprise:
Broadcast reception module, for enabling after terminal broadcast channel, receives and resolves described communication networkBroadcast message, according to resolve described broadcast message to be confirmed whether to belong to current network, wherein said broadcastPackets of information is containing the network identity of described current network;
Terminal data transport module, it comprises request of data transmitting element and data response receiving element,
Described request of data transmitting element is for belonging to described current network according to described radio network identity validationAfter, sending data transfer request to the base station of described current network, described data transfer request comprises currentThe frame number sending;
Described data response receiving element is for receiving the frame that carries current confirmation of receipt of described base station feedbackThe data reception acknowledgement response of sequence number, to be confirmed whether needing retransmission data or to continue transmission next frame data.
2. terminal as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises that endpoint registration module, terminal are competingStrive in module and terminal active module one or two or all;
Described endpoint registration module comprises: registration request transmitting element, and for true according to described network identityRecognize and do not belong to after described current network, send networking registration request, described network registration request to described base stationThe physical address that comprises terminal; Registration response receiving element, for receiving the registration response of described base station feedbackInformation succeeds in registration being confirmed whether;
Described terminal challenge module comprises: link request transmitting element, and for carrying out data to described base stationBefore transmission, send link request to obtain channel occupancy priority to described base station; Link response receiving element,The link response information that is used for receiving described base station feedback is to be confirmed whether to be allowed to use link;
Described terminal active module, for before terminal enters communication network, receives networking authorisation device and sendsActivation request, write active information according to described activation request in this locality, and to described networking authorisation deviceFeedback activation confirmation information; Wherein, the information that described activation request is carried comprises that described communication network is according to endThe communication mode that the communication standard of end distributes and selectable all channel parameters and according to described terminalThe individualized feature information that apply property is definite, described active information comprises described communication mode, described channelParameter and described individualized feature information.
3. a base station, is applied to the communication network of machine and machinery compartment in wide area Internet of Things, it is characterized in that,Comprise:
Broadcast transmission module, for periodically launching broadcast message by network broadcast channel, described broadcastPackets of information is containing the network identity of current network;
Network data transmission module, it comprises request of data receiving element and data response transmitting element,
The data transfer request that described request of data receiving element sends for receiving terminal, described data passThe frame number that defeated request comprises current transmission;
Described data response transmitting element, for according to described data transfer request, carries to described terminal feedbackThere is the data reception acknowledgement response of the frame number of current confirmation of receipt.
4. base station as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises: also comprise network registry module,One or two in network competition module and network cancellation module or whole;
Described network registry module comprises: registration request receiving element, for receiving, described terminal sendsNetwork registration request, the physical address that described network registration request comprises terminal; Registration response transmitting element,For according to described network registration request, to described terminal feedback registration response message to inform described terminal beNo succeeding in registration;
Described network competition module comprises: link request receiving element, for receiving, described terminal sendsLink request; Link response transmitting element, for to described terminal feedback link response information with described in informingWhether terminal is allowed to use link;
Described network is nullified module and is permitted so that described working as in the communication of described current network for deleting terminalFront network no longer receives the communication request of this terminal.
5. terminal as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or the base station as described in claim 3 or 4, its featureBe, described terminal or the described base station communication data in communication process is pressed predefined communication protocol frame messageForm encapsulation, described predefined communication protocol frame message format is pressed start-of-frame field, physical address field, chainRoad control domain field, network identifier field, attributive character field, command control word field, optionally severalBe arranged in order composition according to territory field, check field, frame end symbol field,
Described start-of-frame field and described frame end symbol field represent the initial sum ending of message, described physicsAddress field represents the destination address that present frame sends to, and described link control domain field represents communication linkUp-downlink direction, described network identifier field represents place network of network beacon sign, described attribute spyLevy the individualized feature attribute that field represents terminal, described command control word field represents the order behaviour of present frameDo, described data field field represents the data message that present frame carries, and described check field represents from described thingReason address field is to the described check field data detection value of all fields before.
6. a communication mechanism, is applied to the communication network of machine and machinery compartment in wide area Internet of Things, its featureBe, described communication mechanism adopts media access control mode to realize the communication of each node in described communication network,Wherein, described communication mechanism comprises:
First node in described communication network receives and resolves the broadcast from the service node in current networkInformation, confirms according to the described broadcast message of resolving whether described first node belongs to described current network, itsDescribed in the broadcast message network identity that comprises described current network;
Described first node is belonging to described current net according to first node described in described radio network identity validationAfter network, send data transfer request to described service node, described data transfer request comprises current transmissionFrame number;
Described first node receives the number of the frame number that carries current confirmation of receipt of described service node feedbackAccording to confirmation of receipt response, whether need retransmission data or continuation according to described data reception acknowledgement response confirmationSend next frame data.
7. communication mechanism as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Confirming not belong to after described current network according to described network identity, described first node is to described clothesBusiness node sends networking registration request, and described network registration request comprises described first node terminal physicallyLocation;
The registration response message that described first node receives described service node feedback is registered being confirmed whetherMerit.
8. communication mechanism as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Carrying out before transfer of data to described service node, described first node sends chain to described service nodeRoad request is to obtain channel occupancy priority;
The link response information that described first node receives described service node feedback is allowed to make being confirmed whetherUse link.
9. communication mechanism as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Before described first node enters described current network, described first node receives networking authorisation deviceThe activation request of sending, according to described activation request, described first node writes active information, and to instituteState networking authorisation device feedback activation confirmation information;
Wherein, the information that described activation request is carried comprises described communication network leading to according to described first nodeThe communication mode that letter standard is distributed and selectable all channel parameters and answering according to described first nodeThe individualized feature information of the described first node of determining with attribute, described active information comprises described communication partyFormula, described channel parameter and described individualized feature information.
10. communication mechanism as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Described first node does not receive from the information of described service node or not to institute in Preset TimeState service node and send information, described first node is nullified from described current network.
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