CN105606960B - Marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system - Google Patents
Marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105606960B CN105606960B CN201610148460.8A CN201610148460A CN105606960B CN 105606960 B CN105606960 B CN 105606960B CN 201610148460 A CN201610148460 A CN 201610148460A CN 105606960 B CN105606960 B CN 105606960B
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- anode
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- distribution line
- sampling
- negative terminal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of marine settings distribution line ground fault detection systems, are made of sampling resistor, sampling switch, self-test switching switch, ground connection sampling resistor, isolated amplifier, analog-digital converter, microcontroller, mechanical relay and solid-state relay：Anode sampling resistor upper end connection distribution line anode conductor, lower end connection anode sampling switch upper end, negative terminal sampling resistor upper end connection distribution line cathode conductor, lower end connection negative terminal sampling switch upper end, self-test switching switch upper end connects distribution line cathode conductor, anode sampling switch lower end, negative terminal sampling switch lower end and self-test switching switch lower end are all connected with ground connection sampling resistor upper end, it is grounded sampling resistor both ends connection isolated amplifier, isolated amplifier connects analog-digital converter, analog-digital converter connection microcontroller.The present invention can monitor all ground fault conditions of positive and negative polarities conductor in marine settings distribution line, including only having a conductor generation earth fault or two conductors that earth fault occurs, the distribution line ground fault detection under marine settings operating condition is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to subsea power technical fields, are related to a kind of marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system,
The underwater power equipment being particularly used in monitoring marine settings is supplied electricity in the distribution line used in external electric equipment
The ground resistance of positive and negative polarities power supply conductor.
Background technology
It is all kinds of to be set using the oceanographic observation of electric drive with increasingly paying attention to ocean research and ocean development both at home and abroad
The application of the marine settings such as standby, underwater robot and subsea production system is more and more extensive.These marine settings are mainly by underwater
Power supply unit and all kinds of underwater electrical equipment compositions, and the distribution line between power supply unit and its electrical equipment is mainly all kinds of
Watertight connector and watertight cable, equal long-term work is in high hydraulic pressure and the seabed extreme environment of strong corrosive.Due to ocean and greatly
The same current potential in ground, and seawater is good conducting medium, a large amount of practical applications show the distribution line earth fault in marine settings
It is one of most common failure of underwater power equipment, causes the immediate cause of the failure mainly to have at 2 points：First, seawater is under high pressure
Gradually intrusion watertight connector or watertight cable, second is that watertight connector or watertight cable are because gradually wearing out or aging leads to insulating layer
Insulating capacity declines.From failure evolution rule, the earth fault of marine settings distribution line can run down until completely
Short circuit if marine settings work in the case where earth fault occurs, will accelerate the electrochemical corrosion of distribution line, not only can shadow
Ring reliability of operation and stability, and performance degradation or gradually damage can be caused, in some instances it may even be possible to cause serious production or
Safety accident.Therefore, for marine settings, monitoring the earth fault of its distribution line seems extremely important.
The ground fault detection of current power distribution circuit using offline mode, i.e., must mainly be examined in system cut-off
It surveys, and needs additionally to use and connect using insulating resistance detecting instrument or under low-resistance such as under high resistant using more complicated instrument
Ground resistance detector is directly measured, and could monitor the ground resistance of circuit.This offline mode is commonly utilized in land dress
It in standby, but is difficult to apply in marine settings, this is because many marine settings requirement long-time continuous operations, it is necessary in its fortune
The earth fault of on-line monitoring distribution line is realized during row.In addition, existing ground fault detection instrument is complex, it is difficult
Automatic running is realized to be installed in the marine settings of volume compact.
Related marine settings distribution line ground resistance monitors system, not yet retrieve the domestic and international patent published or
Foreign literature.Domestic literature has 4 phases of volume 18 in 2012《Electromechanical integration》Periodical《Deep sea equipment ground-fault detection system is set
Meter》One text, describes a kind of using suitching type sampling resistor array and the earth-fault detecting method of weighted mean method in literary.It is existing
Methodical defect, which is assumed that in distribution line in positive and negative two conductors, only has a conductor to have occurred earth fault, and another
Earth fault does not occur for conductor（Ground resistance is very big）, therefore an only conductor can only be monitored there is a situation where earth fault,
And realize that the system of this method is complex, application is not easy enough.In fact, since the direct of earth fault occurs for marine settings
Reason is mainly watertight connector or watertight cable generation ocean invades or insulation degradation, and the positive and negative polarities conductor of its distribution line
Usually there is different degrees of earth fault simultaneously.The defects of prior art is not while to consider in distribution line just in the calculation
The ground resistance of negative the two poles of the earth conductor, in the case where earth fault occurs simultaneously for more common the two poles of the earth conductor, result of calculation can not
It leans on.Therefore, a kind of system that can effectively monitor subsea equipment distribution line earth fault is researched and developed, for the safety of marine settings
Operation is of great significance.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of underwater power equipment and its external electric equipment monitored in marine settings
Between distribution line positive and negative polarities power supply conductor earth fault system, ensure ocean assembling safe operation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention to solve the technical problem is that：
The marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system of the present invention, the fault monitoring system installation Yu Haiyang dress
In the pressure-resistant seal cavity 13 of underwater power equipment in standby, by anode sampling resistor 1（Resistance value is RS+）, negative terminal sampling resistor
2（Resistance value is RS-）, anode sampling switch 3, negative terminal sampling switch 4, self-test switching switch 5, ground connection sampling resistor 6（Resistance value
For RGF）, isolated amplifier 7, analog-digital converter 8, microcontroller 9, mechanical relay 10 and solid-state relay 11 form：It is described just
The upper end of end sampling resistor 1 is connected to the anode conductor of distribution line（DC+）, lower end be connected to the upper end of anode sampling switch 3,
The upper end of the negative terminal sampling resistor 2 is connected to the cathode conductor of distribution line（DC-）, lower end be connected to negative terminal sampling switch 4
Upper end, the upper end of the self-test switching switch 5 is connected to the cathode conductor of distribution line, under the anode sampling switch 3
The lower end at end, the lower end of negative terminal sampling switch 4 and self-test switching switch 5 is connected to the upper end of ground connection sampling resistor 6, works as pressure resistance
When seal cavity 13 is conductive pressure-resistant seal cavity, the lower end of the ground connection sampling resistor 6 is connected directly to the pressure-resistant seal
On the inner wall of cavity 13, it is respectively connected to isolation with seawater equipotential link, the both ends of the ground connection sampling resistor 6 to realize and puts
Big device 7, the isolated amplifier 7, analog-digital converter 8 and microcontroller 9 are sequentially connected, and the isolated amplifier 7 is transformer
Isolated form will be grounded the absolute value of voltage U on sampling resistor 6GFIt is exported after carrying out k times of isolation amplification to analog-digital converter 8, mould
To microcontroller 9, microcontroller 9 will be adopted for output after analog signal after k times of the amplification is converted to digital signal by number converter 8
The absolute value of voltage U that must be grounded after the signal divided by k of collection on sampling resistor 6GF；The anode conductor of distribution line and cathode conductor
One end is connected to the D.C. regulated power supply 12 of underwater power equipment by mechanical relay 10, solid-state relay 11（Voltage is absolute
It is worth for UO）On, the anode conductor of the distribution line and the other end of cathode conductor pass through the first watertight connector and watertight cable
It is connected to underwater electrical equipment.
In the present invention, when the pressure-resistant seal cavity 13 is non-conductive pressure-resistant seal cavity, the ground connection sampling resistor 6
Lower end connect by the second watertight connector with connecing extra large electrode 14.
In the present invention, microcontroller 9 connects and controls anode sampling switch 3 respectively, negative terminal sampling switch 4, self-test switching
Switch 5, mechanical relay 10 and solid-state relay 11.
In the present invention, the anode sampling switch 3, negative terminal sampling switch 4, self-test switching switch 5 use photoelectric coupling
Device, the mechanical relay 10 are closed type, and the solid-state relay 11 is open type.The mechanical relay 12 and described solid
When state relay 11 is closed at, the electrical energy transportation on the D.C. regulated power supply 12 can be used to underwater under normal operation
Electric equipment, the mechanical relay 10 are used under more serious earth fault physically by the inside of underwater power equipment
Circuit and external sea water segregation are opened.
In the present invention, in the case that the mechanical relay 10 and solid-state relay 11 are in closed state, i.e. water
In the case that lower power supply unit gives underwater electrical equipment normal power supply, the microcontroller 9 is mainly by controlling anode sampling to open
Close 3, negative terminal sampling switch 4, self-test switching switch 5 monitors anode conductor on-line（DC+）Grounding resistance RG+And cathode conductor
（DC-）Grounding resistance RG-, operational process is as follows：
（1）If opening negative terminal sampling switch 4, anode sampling switch 3 and self-test switching switch 5 are closed, measures UGFValue stabilization
After beIf, then show the marine settings distribution line insulating resistance measuring
System self-test passes through, and carries out（2）, anode sampling switch 3 and self-test switching switch 5 are otherwise opened, stops detection.
（2）Anode sampling switch 3 and self-test switching switch 5 are opened, negative terminal sampling switch 4 is closed, measures UGFAfter value stabilization
For UGF+, obtaining equation 1 is。
（3）Negative terminal sampling switch 4 and self-test switching switch 5 are opened, anode sampling switch 3 is closed, measures UGFAfter value stabilization
For UGF-, obtaining equation 2 is。
（4）Open anode sampling switch 3, negative terminal sampling switch 4 and self-test switching switch 5.
（5）Variable R to be solved is removed in above-mentioned equation 1 and equation 2G+And RG-Be known constant outside, thus simultaneous the two two
First linear function, can be calculated RG+And RG-.If RG+Less than the fault threshold of setting, then illustrate anode conductor（DC+）It is grounded
Failure；If RG-Less than the fault threshold of setting, then illustrate cathode conductor（DC-）Earth fault occurs.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
The present invention can monitor all ground fault conditions of positive and negative polarities conductor in marine settings distribution line, including only
There are a conductor generation earth fault or two conductors that earth fault occurs, realize matching under marine settings operating condition
Electric line ground fault detection.The system bulk of the present invention is small, simple, reliable, can install and be integrated in existing marine settings water
In the pressure-resistant seal cavity of lower power supply unit.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure using the marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system of conductive pressure-resistant seal cavity
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the overall knot using the marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system of non-conductive pressure-resistant seal cavity
Structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the equivalent circuit schematic of marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system.
Fig. 4 is that equivalent circuit of the marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system when self-test switching switch is closed is former
Reason figure.
Fig. 5 is that equivalent circuit of the marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system when negative terminal sampling switch is closed is former
Reason figure.
Fig. 6 is that equivalent circuit of the marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system when anode sampling switch is closed is former
Reason figure.
Figure label：1 is anode sampling resistor, and 2 be negative terminal sampling resistor, and 3 be anode sampling switch, and 4 sample for negative terminal
Switch, 5 be self-test switching switch, and 6 be ground connection sampling resistor, and 7 be isolated amplifier, and 8 be analog-digital converter, and 9 be microcontroller,
10 be mechanical relay, and 11 be solid-state relay, and 12 be stream regulated power supply, and 13 be pressure-resistant seal cavity, and 14 be to connect extra large electrode, 15
It is the second watertight connector for the first watertight connector, 16.
Specific embodiment
The structure to the present invention and operation principle etc. are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1：Fig. 1-Fig. 2 illustrates the principle of the present invention, marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system peace
In the pressure-resistant seal cavity 13 of underwater power equipment in marine settings, including anode sampling resistor 1（Resistance value is RS+）、
Negative terminal sampling resistor 2（Resistance value is RS-）, anode sampling switch 3, negative terminal sampling switch 4, self-test switching switch 5, ground connection sampling
Resistance 6（Resistance value is RGF）, isolated amplifier 7, analog-digital converter 8, microcontroller 9, mechanical relay 10 and solid-state relay
11, the upper end of anode sampling resistor 1 is connected to the anode conductor of distribution line（DC+）, lower end be connected to anode sampling switch 3
Upper end, the upper end of negative terminal sampling resistor 2 are connected to the cathode conductor of distribution line（DC-）, lower end be connected to negative terminal sampling switch 4
Upper end, the upper end of self-test switching switch 5 is also connected to the cathode conductor of distribution line, the lower end of anode sampling switch 3, negative terminal
The lower end of sampling switch 4 and the lower end of self-test switching switch 5 are connected to the upper end of ground connection sampling resistor 6, are grounded sampling resistor 6
Lower end and seawater equipotential link, the both ends of ground connection sampling resistor 6 are respectively connected to isolated amplifier 7, and isolated amplifier 7 is
Transformer isolation type will be grounded the absolute value of voltage U on sampling resistor 6GFIt is exported after carrying out k times of isolation amplification to analog-digital converter
8, analog-digital converter 8 is to be exported after the amplified analog signal is converted to digital signal to microcontroller 9, microcontroller 9
The absolute value of voltage U that will must be grounded after the signal divided by k of acquisition on sampling resistor 6GF, the anode conductor and cathode of distribution line are led
One end of body is connected to the D.C. regulated power supply 12 of underwater power equipment by mechanical relay 10, solid-state relay 11（Voltage
Absolute value is UO）On, the anode conductor of distribution line and the other end of cathode conductor pass through the first watertight connector 15 and watertight
Cable is connected to underwater electrical equipment.
Microcontroller 9 is additionally operable to control anode sampling switch 3, negative terminal in addition to the signal of acquisition characterization ground fault condition
Sampling switch 4, self-test switching switch 5, mechanical relay 10 and solid-state relay 11, anode sampling switch 3, negative terminal sampling switch
4th, self-test switching switch 5 uses photoelectrical coupler, and mechanical relay 10 is closed type, and solid-state relay 11 is open type.Machinery
It, can be by the electrical energy transportation on D.C. regulated power supply 12 under normal operation when relay 12 and solid-state relay 11 are closed at
To underwater electrical equipment, mechanical relay 10 is used under more serious earth fault physically by underwater power equipment
Internal circuit and external sea water segregation are opened.
As shown in Figure 1, if pressure-resistant seal cavity 13 is manufactured using metal material, the lower end for being grounded sampling resistor 6 can be straight
It is connected on the inner wall of pressure-resistant seal cavity 13 and realizes and seawater equipotential link in succession；If as shown in Fig. 2, pressure-resistant seal cavity 13
It is manufactured using nonmetallic materials, being then grounded the lower end of sampling resistor 6 can be connected by the second watertight on pressure-resistant seal cavity 13
Device 16 is connected to connect and be realized and seawater equipotential link on extra large electrode 14.
In the case where mechanical relay 10 and solid-state relay 11 are in closed state, i.e., underwater power equipment feeds water
In the case of lower electrical equipment normal power supply, microcontroller 9 mainly by control anode sampling switch 3, negative terminal sampling switch 4,
Self-test switching switch 5 monitors anode conductor on-line（DC+）Grounding resistance RG+And cathode conductor（DC-）Grounding resistance
RG-。
Fig. 3-Fig. 6 illustrates the testing process of marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system, and testing process is not opened
During the beginning, anode sampling switch 3, negative terminal sampling switch 4 and self-test switching switch 5 are in opening state, equivalent circuit at this time
As shown in Figure 3.
（1）If opening negative terminal sampling switch 4, it is closed anode sampling switch 3 and self-test switching switch 5, equivalent electricity at this time
Road is as shown in figure 4, measure UGFIt is after value stabilizationIf, then show
The marine settings distribution line grounding resistance detection system self-test passes through, and carries out（2）, otherwise open anode sampling switch 3 and oneself
Switching switch 5 is examined, stops detection.
（2）Anode sampling switch 3 and self-test switching switch 5 are opened, is closed negative terminal sampling switch 4,
Equivalent circuit at this time is as shown in figure 5, measure UGFIt is U after value stabilizationGF+, obtaining equation 1 is。
（3）Negative terminal sampling switch 4 and self-test switching switch 5 are opened, is closed anode sampling switch 3,
Equivalent circuit at this time is as shown in fig. 6, measure UGF+It is U after value stabilizationGF-, obtaining equation 2 is。
（4）Open anode sampling switch 3, negative terminal sampling switch 4 and self-test switching switch 5, equivalent circuit such as Fig. 3 at this time
Shown, microcontroller 9 completes the control action needed for detection ground resistance.
（5）Variable R to be solved is removed in above-mentioned equation 1 and equation 2G+And RG-Be known constant outside, thus simultaneous the two two
First linear function, can be calculated RG+And RG-.If RG+Less than the fault threshold of setting, then illustrate anode conductor（DC+）It is grounded
Failure；If RG-Less than the fault threshold of setting, then illustrate cathode conductor（DC-）Earth fault occurs.
When detect ocean assembling distribution line there is earth fault when, microcontroller 9 after solid-state relay 11 is opened,
Mechanical relay 10 is opened again, which with built-in system is physically fully disconnected, solid-state relay 11 is avoided to beat
Existing small leakage current, causes the electrochemical corrosion of metal at earth fault for a long time after opening.
It is understood that the above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate those skilled in the art and using this hair
It is bright.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications, and described herein to these embodiments
General Principle is applied in other embodiment without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to implementations here
Example, those skilled in the art's announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system, the fault monitoring system is installed on underwater in marine settings
In the pressure-resistant seal cavity (13) of power supply unit, it is characterised in that by anode sampling resistor (1), negative terminal sampling resistor (2), anode
Sampling switch (3), negative terminal sampling switch (4), self-test switching switch (5), ground connection sampling resistor (6), isolated amplifier (7), mould
Number converter (8), microcontroller (9), mechanical relay (10) and solid-state relay (11) composition：The anode sampling resistor
(1) upper end is connected to the anode conductor of distribution line, lower end is connected to the upper ends of anode sampling switch (3), and the negative terminal is adopted
The upper end of sample resistance (2) is connected to the cathode conductor of distribution line, lower end is connected to the upper ends of negative terminal sampling switch (4), described
The upper end of self-test switching switch (5) is connected to the cathode conductor of distribution line, the lower end of the anode sampling switch (3), negative terminal
The lower end of sampling switch (4) and the lower end of self-test switching switch (5) are connected to the upper end of ground connection sampling resistor (6), work as pressure resistance
When seal cavity (13) is conductive pressure-resistant seal cavity, the lower end of the ground connection sampling resistor (6) is connected directly to the pressure resistance
On the inner wall of seal cavity (13), connected respectively with seawater equipotential link, the both ends of the ground connection sampling resistor (6) with realizing
To isolated amplifier (7), the isolated amplifier (7), analog-digital converter (8) and microcontroller (9) are sequentially connected, the isolation
Amplifier (7) is transformer isolation type, is exported after the absolute value of voltage being grounded on sampling resistor (6) is carried out k times of isolation amplification
To analog-digital converter (8), the analog signal after k times of the amplification is converted to after digital signal output to micro- by analog-digital converter (8)
Controller (9), the absolute value of voltage that microcontroller (9) will must be grounded on sampling resistor (6) after the signal divided by k of acquisition；Distribution
The anode conductor of circuit and one end of cathode conductor are connected to underwater power by mechanical relay (10), solid-state relay (11)
On the D.C. regulated power supply (12) of equipment, the anode conductor of the distribution line and the other end of cathode conductor pass through the first watertight
Connector (15) and watertight cable are connected to underwater electrical equipment.
2. marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Work as pressure-resistant seal
When cavity (13) is non-conductive pressure-resistant seal cavity, the lower end of the ground connection sampling resistor (6) passes through the second watertight connector
(16) it is connect with connecing extra large electrode (14).
3. marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that microcontroller (9)
Connection anode sampling switch (3), negative terminal sampling switch (4), self-test switching switch (5), mechanical relay (10) and solid-state respectively
Relay (11).
4. marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the anode is adopted
Sample switch (3), negative terminal sampling switch (4), self-test switching switch (5) are using photoelectrical coupler, the mechanical relay (10)
For closed type, the solid-state relay (11) is open type, and the mechanical relay (10) and the solid-state relay (11) are same
When being closed, can be by the electrical energy transportation on the D.C. regulated power supply (12) to underwater electrical equipment, institute under normal operation
State mechanical relay (10) under more serious earth fault physically by the internal circuit of underwater power equipment and
External sea water segregation is opened.
5. marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when the machinery
In the case that relay (10) and solid-state relay (11) are in closed state, i.e., underwater power equipment gives underwater electrical equipment
In the case of normal power supply, the microcontroller (9) mainly by control anode sampling switch (3), negative terminal sampling switch (4),
Self-test switching switch (5) monitors anode conductor on-line（DC+）Grounding resistance and cathode conductor（DC-）Grounding resistance,
Its operational process is as follows：
（1）If opening negative terminal sampling switch (4), anode sampling switch (3) and self-test switching switch (5) are closed, measures UGFValue is steady
It is after fixedIf, carry out step（2）, otherwise open anode sampling switch (3) and oneself
Switching switch (5) is examined, stops detection；
（2）Anode sampling switch (3) and self-test switching switch (5) are opened, negative terminal sampling switch (4) is closed, measures UGFValue stabilization
It is U afterwardsGF+, obtaining equation 1 is；
（3）Negative terminal sampling switch (4) and self-test switching switch (5) are opened, anode sampling switch (3) is closed, measures UGF+Value stabilization
It is U afterwardsGF-, obtaining equation 2 is；
（4）Open anode sampling switch (3), negative terminal sampling switch (4) and self-test switching switch (5)；
（5）In above-mentioned equation 1 and equation 2 except variable to be solved and in addition to be known constant, therefore simultaneous the two binary first powers
If journey can be calculated and less than the fault threshold of setting, illustrate anode conductor（DC+）Earth fault occurs；If less than setting
Fault threshold, then illustrate cathode conductor（DC-）Earth fault occurs.
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| CN201610148460.8A CN105606960B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system |
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| CN201610148460.8A CN105606960B (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2016-03-16 | Marine settings distribution line ground fault detection system |
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| CN105606960B true CN105606960B (en) | 2018-07-06 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107727988B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2020-02-18 | 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 | Track circuit core wire grounding detection device, system and method |
| CN107748319A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-02 | 国家深海基地管理中心 | The insulation detection device and manned underwater vehicle of manned underwater vehicle |
| CN113835039B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2023-01-20 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Grounding detection circuit and method |
| CN112578300A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-30 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Detection device and method for insulation resistance of power battery and automobile |
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