CN105606590A - Method for simultaneously determining contents of various elements in soil or deposits - Google Patents
Method for simultaneously determining contents of various elements in soil or deposits Download PDFInfo
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- CN105606590A CN105606590A CN201410680284.3A CN201410680284A CN105606590A CN 105606590 A CN105606590 A CN 105606590A CN 201410680284 A CN201410680284 A CN 201410680284A CN 105606590 A CN105606590 A CN 105606590A
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Abstract
The invention relates to detection technology for element contents, and provides a method for simultaneously determining contents of arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphor in soil or deposits. The method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) 0.1g of a grinded drying soil sample is accurately weighed and placed in a TFM microwave digestion pot, a certain proportion of aqua regia and hydrofluoric acid are added, and a solution is allowed to stand; (2) an appropriate microwave digestion program is set, and microwave digestion is carried out for the solution in the step (1); (3) after the microwave digestion program ends, an acid-driving device is used for heating and evaporating the digestion solution in the step (2) to a dry state, and total transfer, volumetric flask preparation, and filtering are carried out; (4) ICP-OES is used for determining contents of arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphor in the clear liquor in the step (3); (5) ICP-MS is used for determining contents of elements in the clear liquor in the step (3) which do not reach detection limits in the step (4) once more. The method has the advantages of simple steps, simplified operation, saved soil samples, reduced personal error, minimized environment interference, and improved working environments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection technique of constituent content.
Background technology
" the soil environment monitoring skill that China promulgates for the main Shi Yuan of the standard State Environmental Protection Administration of soil or Sediment Water Interface monitoring at presentArt specification " (HJ/T166-2004), national Ministry of Water Resources " mensuration of 34 kinds of elements such as lead, cadmium, vanadium, phosphorus " of promulgating (SL394-2007) and state" the marine monitoring specification " that quality supervision and test quarantines general bureau of family and national standardization administration committee combine promulgation (GB17378-2007) and " soilLoamy texture amount total mercury, total arsenic, total plumbous mensuration atomic fluorescence method " (GB/T22105-2008). These standards adopt electric hot plate (most elements)Or water-bath (arsenic) resolution method carries out pre-treatment to soil or sediment sample, these method complicated operations, sampling amount is large, expends time in and manpower,Surrounding enviroment are polluted large. These standards have different regulations to the assay method of element different, if investigate a certain soil or deposit sampleIn product, the content of the multiple element such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus, need repeatedly measure, trivial operations, take time and effort and disturbing factor many.EPA (US-EPA) recommendation Microwave Digestion is carried out pre-treatment to soil or deposit in recent years, and this method has clears up fast, returnsYield height and the little advantage of environmental pollution. China has formulated with reference to this method that " in marine sediment and marine organism, Analysis of Heavy Metal pre-treatment is micro-Ripple resolution method " (HY/T132-2010), but be only applicable to these five kinds of elements of copper, lead, cadmium, zinc and chromium. In element determination method, Environmental Protection in AmericaOffice (US-EPA) recommendation inductively-coupled plasma spectrometer (ICP-OES) or icp ms (ICP-MS), thisTwo kinds of instruments can single-time measurement multiple element, and has the advantage that analysis speed is fast, the range of linearity is wide and accuracy is high, and just the former is than rearPerson's determination of the upper limit is high, and the latter is lower than the former detection limit. For in line with international standards, and improve efficiency and the degree of accuracy of measuring multiple element content,The present invention combines Microwave Digestion and ICP-OES/ICP-MS, measured simultaneously arsenic in soil or deposit, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese andPhosphorus element content, and Optimum Operation step and conditional parameter, thus expand the scope of application of digestion procedure and simplified element determination operation.
Summary of the invention
Clear up step complexity, narrow application range and the lengthy and tedious problem of element determination method in order to solve existing soil or sediment sample, the present invention propose withLower technical scheme:
(1) get antecedent soil moisture sample to be measured, be ground to whole energy by 100 order nylon mesh;
(2) accurately take the ground antecedent soil moisture sample to be measured of 0.1000 ± 0.0010g, be placed in TFM polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micro-wave diminishing pot,Add a certain proportion of chloroazotic acid (volume ratio of the pure red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) of top grade and the pure concentrated hydrochloric acid of top grade is 1:3) and hydrofluoric acid (top grade is pure), leave standstill, simultaneouslyDo blank with the digestion solution that does not add soil sample;
(3) the temperature and time parameter of micro-wave digestion program is set, the solution in above-mentioned steps (2) is carried out to micro-wave digestion, concrete micro-wave digestionProgram is as follows:
(4), after micro-wave digestion EP (end of program), utilize the digestion solution heating evaporation dry state extremely to the greatest extent of catching up with sour device that above-mentioned steps (3) is obtained, then completePortion transfers to and in volumetric flask, carries out constant volume, then filters by the composite fibre filter membrane of 0.45 μ m;
(5) utilize arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus content in the clarification dilute solution that ICP-OES obtains above-mentioned steps (4) to carry outMeasure;
(6) in the clarification dilute solution that utilizes ICP-MS to obtain above-mentioned steps (4), in above-mentioned steps (5), do not reach the constituent content of detection limitAgain measure.
Feature of the present invention is:
L, the inventive method have effectively shortened digestion time and minute, have simplified sampling number of times and have reduced sampling amount, save soil sample and improve workEnvironment;
2, the inventive method only need be carried out a digestion process and can be measured multiple element, saves sampling amount, prevents cross pollution;
3, the TFM micro-wave diminishing pot that the inventive method adopts is applicable to the mensuration of micro-soil sample, ensures nonexpondable result stability and trace soilThe reappearance that sample is measured;
4, the micro-wave digestion program that the inventive method adopts had both been applicable to survey that arsenic is this has volatile element, was also applicable to lead, these difficulties of cadmium disappearThe element of separating can ensure the rate of recovery of multiple element simultaneously;
5, the inventive method combines ICP-OES and ICP-MS to measure for constituent content, disposablely can measure the each of variable concentrations scopeKind of constituent content, repeats sampling, clears up and dilute operation avoiding, and reduce human error, minimizing environmental disturbances, guarantee measurement resultStability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is " simultaneously measuring arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus content in soil or deposit " flow chart, synthesis result A and result BBe the measured value of various constituent contents.
Detailed description of the invention
1.GSS-15 standard soil sample (GBW07429, region of no relief, the Changjiang river)
The present embodiment is suitable for the mensuration of the inventive method to metallic element in pedotheque and P elements, and concrete determination step is as follows:
(1) accurately take ground antecedent soil moisture sample to be measured 0.1000 ± 0.0010g, be placed in 10mLTFM polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micro-wave digestionIn tank, add the pure chloroazotic acid of 6mL top grade (volume ratio of red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:3) and the pure hydrofluoric acid of 2mL top grade, leave standstill 10min, withTime do blank with the digestion solution that does not add soil sample;
(2) the temperature and time parameter of micro-wave digestion program is set, the solution in above-mentioned steps (1) is carried out to micro-wave digestion, concrete micro-wave digestionProgram is as follows:
(3), after micro-wave digestion EP (end of program), utilize and catch up with sour device by the dry state extremely to the greatest extent of digestion solution heating evaporation in TFM micro-wave diminishing pot, by what obtainSoil digestion solution is all transferred to and in volumetric flask, is carried out constant volume, then filters by the composite fibre filter membrane of 0.45 μ m;
(4) utilize manganese and phosphorus content in the clarification dilute solution that ICP-OES obtains above-mentioned steps (3) to measure;
(5) utilize ICP-MS to measure the arsenic in the clarification dilute solution that above-mentioned steps (3) is obtained, cadmium, lead, vanadium and zinc content;
(6) measure four parallel soil samples, with calculate recovery rate mean value and relative standard deviation simultaneously.
Measurement result is as table 1 and table 2:
Table 1GSS-15 standard soil sample ICP-OES measurement result statistics
Table 2GSS-15 standard soil sample ICP-MS measurement result statistics
2.GSD-4a standard soil sample (GBW07304a, Tongling, Anhui Province limestone and skarns Mineralized Area)
The present embodiment is suitable for the mensuration of the inventive method to metallic element and P elements in natural stream networks sediment sample, and concrete determination step is as follows:
(1) accurately take ground antecedent soil moisture sample to be measured 0.1000 ± 0.0010g, be placed in 10mLTFM polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micro-wave digestionIn tank, add the pure chloroazotic acid of 6mL top grade (volume ratio of red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:3) and the pure hydrofluoric acid of 2mL top grade, leave standstill 10min, withTime do blank with the digestion solution that does not add soil sample;
(2) the temperature and time parameter of micro-wave digestion program is set, the solution in above-mentioned steps (1) is carried out to micro-wave digestion, concrete micro-wave digestionProgram is as follows:
(3), after micro-wave digestion EP (end of program), utilize and catch up with sour device by the dry state extremely to the greatest extent of digestion solution heating evaporation in TFM micro-wave diminishing pot, by what obtainSoil digestion solution is all transferred to and in volumetric flask, is carried out constant volume, then filters by the composite fibre filter membrane of 0.45 μ m;
(4) utilize iron, manganese and phosphorus content in the clarification dilute solution that ICP-OES obtains above-mentioned steps (3) to measure;
(5) utilize ICP-MS to contain arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, vanadium, zinc in the clarification dilute solution that above-mentioned steps (3) is obtainedAmount is measured;
(6) measure four parallel soil samples, with calculate recovery rate mean value and relative standard deviation simultaneously.
Measurement result is as table 3 and table 4:
Table 3GSD-4a standard soil sample ICP-OES measurement result statistics
Table 4GSD-4a standard soil sample ICP-MS measurement result statistics
Claims (8)
1. a method of simultaneously measuring multiple element content in soil or deposit, is characterized in that following steps:
(1) get antecedent soil moisture sample to be measured, be ground to whole energy by 100 order nylon mesh;
(2) accurately take and get ground antecedent soil moisture sample to be measured 0.1000 ± 0.0010g, be placed in 10mLTFM polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microwave and disappearSeparate in tank, add a certain proportion of chloroazotic acid (volume ratio of the pure red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) of top grade and the pure concentrated hydrochloric acid of top grade is 1:3) and the pure hydrofluoric acid of top grade, leave standstill,Do blank with the digestion solution that does not add soil sample simultaneously;
(3) the temperature and time parameter of micro-wave digestion program is set, the solution in above-mentioned steps (2) is carried out to micro-wave digestion;
(4), after micro-wave digestion EP (end of program), utilize the digestion solution heating evaporation dry state extremely to the greatest extent of catching up with sour device that above-mentioned steps (3) is obtained, then completePortion transfers to and in volumetric flask, carries out constant volume, then filters by the composite fibre filter membrane of 0.45 μ m;
(5) utilize arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus content in the clarification dilute solution that ICP-OES obtains above-mentioned steps (4) to carry outMeasure;
(6) utilize ICP-MS to contain the element that does not reach detection limit in the clarification dilute solution that above-mentioned steps (4) is obtained in above-mentioned steps (5)Amount is measured again.
2. the method for simultaneously measuring arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus content in soil or deposit according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be: carrying out the digestion solution that disposable micro-wave digestion pretreatment process obtains can survey multiple element by above machine.
3. the method for simultaneously measuring arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus content in soil or deposit according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be: take antecedent soil moisture sample to be measured 0.1000 ± 0.0010g, sample weighting amount is few, save soil sample.
4. the method for simultaneously measuring arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus content in soil or deposit according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be: use TFM polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micro-wave diminishing pot to hold strong acid dissolution liquid and carry out High-temperature Digestion, the micro-wave diminishing pot acid corrosion-resistant of this materialHigh temperature resistant, under HTHP, deformation behavior is little, permeability is little, restorative good and there is very high surface smoothness, ensure that nonexpondable result is steadyThe reappearance that qualitative and micro-soil sample is measured.
5. the method for simultaneously measuring arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus content in soil or deposit according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be: add chloroazotic acid and hydrofluoric acid as strong acid dissolution liquid, to ensure that the metallic element that plumbous and these difficulties of cadmium are cleared up clears up completely, and guarantee mensurationThe reappearance of result.
6. the method for simultaneously measuring arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus content in soil or deposit according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be: in the 4th step of micro-wave digestion program, design temperature is 190 DEG C, and the setting retention time is 30min, ensure on the one hand plumbous and these difficulties of manganeseThe metallic element of clearing up is cleared up completely, prevents again that on the other hand excess Temperature from producing shadow to the assay of this more volatile metalloid element of arsenicRing.
7. the method for simultaneously measuring arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus content in soil or deposit according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be: after micro-wave digestion EP (end of program), utilize and catch up with sour device by the dry state extremely to the greatest extent of digestion solution heating evaporation in TFM micro-wave diminishing pot, to preventThe interference that amount strong acid is measured ICP-MS.
8. the method for simultaneously measuring arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus content in soil or deposit according to claim 1, its spyLevy and be: first with ICP-OES, arsenic, cadmium, lead, vanadium, zinc, manganese and phosphorus content are measured, used if content does not reach the element of detection limitICP-MS measures again, and the disposable like this various constituent contents that can measure variable concentrations scope, to avoid repeating sampling, to clear upWith dilution operation, and reduce human error, reduce environmental disturbances, ensure the stability of measurement result.
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