CN105606367B - A kind of engine steady operation catches fire detection and self adaptation decision method and device - Google Patents
A kind of engine steady operation catches fire detection and self adaptation decision method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of engine steady operation to catch fire detection and self adaptation decision method and device, the method utilizes engine exhaust dynamic pressure wave signal, ignition discharge signal and the corner signal that detection obtains, detected signal processed and merges, obtaining the pressure signal with crank angle as time scale and discharge signal data.In the detector that catches fire, the data that utilization processes and merges, the exhaust dynamics pressure wave that each cylinder is corresponding is determined with cylinder working order according to ignition signal, extract the exhaust dynamics pressure wave characteristic parameter obtaining each cylinder, discrimination normal operating cycle and cylinder in real time, each cylinder working situation, the frequency of catching fire of each cylinder of statistical analysis is determined according to self adaptation dicision rules.The method judges accurately, not rely on Engine ECU signal, it is not necessary to set up exhaust dynamics pressure wave data base, do not affected by engine model and working environment etc., simple to operate, easily realizes, highly versatile, and accuracy of detection is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile engine fault detection technique field, especially relate to a kind of engine steady operation catch fire detection and
Self adaptation decision method and device.
Background technology
China has promulgated evaluation methodology and the index in multiple stage for Passenger Car Fuel Consumption Standard consumption in recent years, its objective is to control whole
Car fuel consumption per hundred kilometers is gradually lowered.Meanwhile, China is also in the strictest automobile noxious emission regulation of advance to perfect order
Implement.Therefore, improve automobile engine combustion cleaning degree and hot merit transformation efficiency seems the most urgent for Automobile Enterprises.Send out
Motivation in use, along with electromotor use the time growth, component of machine and electronic control system can occur aging or
Lost efficacy, and a certain cylinder or multiple cylinder may be caused to there is phenomenon of catching fire, or do not reach original service behaviour, this phenomenon
It is regarded as cylinder operation not normal.Cylinder operation is not normal will cause engine thermal efficiency low, and output power reduces, and oil consumption is anxious
Increase severely big；Burning deteriorates, and noxious emission amount increases suddenly, major polluting atmosphere environment.What cylinder operation was not normal be generally presented with catches fire,
Valve blow-by, piston gas bypass, atomizer blocking etc..Especially catch fire, there is also seriality catch fire and intermittence catch fire, lead
The reason caused mainly has sparking-plug electrode damage, sooting of the spark plug, air-fuel mixture inequality etc..
At work, indivedual spark plug no flashover phenomenons are difficult to avoid that vehicular engine, and driver is typically difficult to realize,
Its power loss often makes up with open the engine.If there being two or more spark plug no flashovers, not only make oil
Consumption increases severely, and exhaust pollution also will be multiplied.It is reported, a spark plug no flashover, exhaust pollution will be than positive reason
Condition increases 3-4 times, (CO, NO in 3 kinds of harmful gass2, HC), the increase of HC is the most obvious.
Additionally, under energy-saving and emission-reduction background, each big Automobile Enterprises is actively developing and applies new power-saving technology, as supercharging is straight
Spray technique, Lean Burning Technique etc..But, supercharging directly jetting gasoline engine still suffers from some technical problems being difficult to overcome, and such as deposits
The bad phenomenon such as gaseous mixture the dilutest (in cylinder air-fuel mixture uneven and cause) near super detonation, sooting of the spark plug and spark plug,
Wherein super detonation is highly vulnerable to breakage sparking-plug electrode, and then causes spark plug normally not get angry；Near spark plug, gaseous mixture is the dilutest
Also can cause in cylinder can not normal fire, this illustrates that this type of electromotor cylinder at work there is also intermittence and catches fire.
At present, vehicular engine is substantially application multicylinder engine, and cylinder number is usually more than 3.Occur at fixing cylinder
Catch fire and be easier to judge, but occur just to be difficult to judge during intermittent cylinder misfire.And, cylinder intermittence is caught fire at lean-burn
Existence is had time in natural gas engine and supercharging direct-injection stratified-charge ottoengine, especially in combustion system development process, intermittent
One of the detection method caught fire and the control technology core becoming Lean Burning Technique.If effectively solving the problems referred to above, to automobile
Energy-saving and emission-reduction will play a positive role.
Effectively detect in order to cylinder is caught fire, by research worker unremitting effort, it is proposed that some different inspections
Survey method and detection device.The common method that detection cylinder operation is caught fire at present: cylinder pressure detection method, cylinder deactivation oil spout method, cylinder deactivation point
Pyrogenic process, fluctuation of speed detection method and exhaust dynamics pressure detecting method etc..
Cylinder pressure detection method, then need punching on each cylinder to install cylinder pressure sensor, detect each cylinder one by one, the method
Spark plug non-functional, gas leakage etc. are judged, and the most effectively error is little.But there is serious weak point, one in the method
Being one dynamic cylinder pressure sensor of installation on each cylinder of requirement, this causes use cost too high, is difficult to be applied in engineering；
It two is that difficulty of punching in cylinder head is big, also results in air cylinder head structure intensity and reduces, even can destroy cylinder head, therefore should
Method risk is high, the most inadvisable.
Cylinder deactivation oil spout method and cylinder deactivation methods of printing, both approaches is to be powered made a certain cylinder by oil-break and cut-out spark plug respectively
Quit work, tested by engine bench test or vehicle performance the most again and determine the difference of engine performance before and after detection,
So that it is determined that whether current detection cylinder catches fire.In practical operation and application, the most complete test equipment, but logical
Cross engineer and cut off fuel feeding artificially or power supply realizes, it is determined that accuracy rely primarily on the experience of engineer.The method without
Doing more change, simply save trouble, cost is relatively low.The method fixing cylinder generation seriality is caught fire phenomenon be easier judge,
But, catching fire two cylinders simultaneously and there is the cylinder intermittence phenomenon such as catch fire is difficult to judge, and the method lacks science.
Fluctuation of speed detection method, the method judges, as Chinese patent discloses application number based on speed of crankshaft fluctuation
Patent of invention " starting process detection method to cylinder misfire " for application number CN201310206139.7.This patent exists certain
Limitation, if vehicle is when the road conditions jolted travel, erroneous judgement easily occurs.
Exhaust dynamics pressure wave detection method, the method is that the pressure oscillation phenomenon utilizing each cylinder exhaust process to occur is to judge cylinder
Duty.This detection method is in addition to directly by one of method the most accurately outside cylinder pressure detection method, and accuracy is good, inspection
It is convenient to survey, and cost is relatively low.But such method is the most not yet improved and ripe, and mainly the analysis of exhaust dynamics pressure wave is not enough
Deeply, detection signal is difficult to synchronize, it is judged that according to being difficult to determine, it is determined that system exists certain leak.Employing the method is current
The patent announced has CN200810073507.4 and CN201010231623.1.
Patent CN200810073507.4 is that this system needs to set up electromotor and exists by creating an independent testing and analysis system
Exhaust dynamics pressure wave signal data base under normal condition.Method as described in this patent then needs to set up the whole of institute's detection electromotor
The exhaust dynamics pressure oscillation data base of arteries and veins spectrum (MAP).Additionally, the exhaust dynamics pressure wave characteristics of different model electromotor is not
With, then need to set up the exhaust dynamics Pressure Fluctuation Signal data base of self for each model electromotor by this patented method.Even
The electromotor of same model, causes exhaust dynamics pressure wave characteristics the most variant due to the error during producing and assembling, and
And electromotor uses the difference of environment (height above sea level as residing for vehicle), though exhaust dynamics pressure wave under same rotational speed and load
Dynamic signal is also discrepant.The exhaust dynamics of accident analysis data base in detection method described in patent CN200810073507.4
Pressure wave is fixing, does not accounts for problem above.
Although additionally, utilizing aerofluxus to move just as patent CN200810073507.4 described in patent CN201010231623.1 document
State Pressure Fluctuation Signal detects, but it is synchronization with built-in standard signal to there is the signal being difficult to detect, detection
Precision is the highest, it is easy to erroneous judgement occur.
Patent CN201010231623.1 solves the some shortcomings that patent CN200810073507.4 is existing on signal synchronizes
Part, the method cylinder a certain to electromotor seriality is caught fire and is extremely easily determined, and detection accuracy is good, largely effective.
Additionally, it (is exactly usual that exhaust dynamics Pressure Fluctuation Signal process function is integrated in the central control unit of electromotor by this patent
Described ECU) rather than individually create a detection analysis module.But, method described in this patent need nonetheless remain in
When storing normal fire in advance in the control unit of centre, exhaust dynamics pressure wave mean value signal is (described in patent CN200810073507.4
Pressure at expulsion data base), the part that therefore this patent solves existing for patent CN200810073507.4 the most very well is asked
Topic.Additionally, the storage volume of central control unit the most also can be increased, also require that central control unit has higher fortune
Calculate disposal ability；And cylinder generation intermittence is caught fire by the method, it is helpless detection, more has no way of learning
The each cylinder of the multicylinder engine information such as frequency of catching fire during detection.
Therefore, all there is certain weak point in the used detecting step of above-mentioned two patent and decision method, and detection range
Comprehensive not, have some limitations in reality application.
Summary of the invention
For the some shortcomings existing for existing detection method, the present invention proposes a kind of engine steady operation and catches fire detection and adaptive
Answer decision method and device, simplify fire detecting method, alleviate the process time of central control unit, expand detection range,
Improve detection accuracy.
A kind of engine steady operation catches fire and detects and self adaptation decision method, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: judge whether electromotor can start；
If electromotor can not start, the existence of the most all cylinders is caught fire or produces other fault, is not required to carry out following detection step again；
As electromotor 1 can not normally start, then electromotor 1 is probably 4 cylinders and there is phenomenon of catching fire, it is also possible to there is other
Fault causes electromotor 1 not start, such as battery problems, motor problem, fuel feeding problem etc..
If starting function to start, then entering step 2, continuing engine fire detection；
Step 2: install sensor and induction apparatus, and sensor and induction apparatus are connected with the detection analyser that catches fire；
One dynamic pressure transducer is installed at engine exhaust manifold with each exhaust manifold intersection downstream 30-50cm；
Point cylinder high-voltage line of arbitrary cylinder is installed an ignition discharge signal inductor；
Flywheel is installed a CKP；
Step 3: start electromotor and the detection analyser that catches fire, and load and the rotating speed of electromotor are kept stable；
Step 4: obtain tim e-domain detection signal, and tim e-domain detection signal is converted to angular domain detection signal；
Described tim e-domain detection signal includes exhaust pressure wave signal, ignition discharge signal and corner signal, and abscissa unit is
Second or millisecond, and realize tim e-domain detection signal and the conversion of angular domain detection signal by corner signal；
Described angular domain detection signal refers to that, using crank angle as abscissa, unit is a DEG C A, is converted by time-domain signal according to the following formula
For angular domain signal, it is thus achieved that electromotor all working circulation in each cylinder exhaust stroke pressure oscillation characteristic angular domain signal and
Institute's test point fire coil flash-over characteristic angular domain detection signal；
Wherein, angular velocity omega is recorded by CKP；
Step 5: the angular domain signal of exhaust dynamics pressure wave is decomposed and abscissa translation；
With the minimum pressure p in the 1st cycle of operation1_minPlace crank angle is considered as the separation of exhaust process between cylinder, logical
In the case of Chang, separation is exactly piston lower dead center, and the abscissa of this point being translated and being converted into λ DEG C of A of 180*, λ is integer, take-1,
0 or 1；
The lower dead center of four cylinder four-stroke electromotor is separation；
Point on the basis of λ DEG C of A of 180*, according to minimum pressure p1_minThe translational movement angular domain signal to whole exhaust dynamics pressure wave
Carry out integral translation, and use step-length TexDischarge angular domain letter to detected exhaust dynamics pressure wave angular domain signal and ignition coil
Number dividing, it is thus achieved that the angular domain signal stage by stage corresponding with each cylinder, each stage angular domain signal is first according to cylinder spark order
Tail is connected；Wherein, Tex=Tc/ τ, unit is a DEG C A, TcIn the cycle of the cycle of operation that works for electromotor, τ is number of stroke,
Four rush electromotor τ=4, two stroke engine τ=2,
Step 6: determine the corresponding relation of each graduated discharge dynamic pressure wave and cylinder sequence number；
The corresponding sequence number of cylinder, same cylinder differ T from igniting to exhauxt valve opens to utilize ignition discharge signal to determineexWith each cylinder
The sequencing of exhaust dynamics pressure wave be the relation determined by ignition order, determine each graduated discharge dynamic pressure wave and gas
The corresponding relation of cylinder sequence number；
The spark-discharge moment is to be near top dead center at piston, and exhauxt valve opens is to be in lower at piston, four
Ignition discharge signal and exhaust dynamics pressure signal 180 DEG C of A of difference that cylinder four-stroke electromotor generally records (are such as not equal to 180
DEG C A, it is possible to be considered as 180 DEG C of A, this not impact analysis result), the most same cylinder differs 180 DEG C of A from igniting to exhauxt valve opens,
The sequencing of the exhaust dynamics pressure wave of each cylinder is determined by ignition order, and ignition order can be from engine maintenance hands
In volume or ignition distributor, each putting in order of cylinder coil obtains.
The ignition order of four-cylinder can be searched can obtain from operation instructions, the most only two kinds of situations of 1-3-4-2 and 1-2-4-3, i.e.
The ignition discharge signal that can pass through surveyed known cylinder determines the corresponding relation of each graduated discharge dynamic pressure wave and cylinder sequence number.
Step 7: extract each cylinder exhaust dynamic pressure wave characteristic parameter；
Test m cycle of operation and will obtain the exhaust dynamics pressure wave of m circulation, then by the exhaust dynamics pressure of each circulation
Wave Decomposition becomes 4 stages (as a example by 4 cylinder machines), and the crank angle of the most each graduated discharge process is Tex, (with 4 Stroke Engine
As a example by, Tex=180 DEG C of A；) extract the exhaust dynamics pressure wave characteristic parameter in each stage and step has:
7.1: calculate detection total duty cycle number m,T is the detection time,T is engine steady state work
In the cycle of condition next one cycle of operation, unit is the second；The crank angle cycle corresponding for T is Tc, four-stroke engine is 720 DEG C of A,
Two stroke engine is 360 DEG C of A；
7.2: extract the maximum fluctuation pressure p in each cycle of operationi_max, minimal ripple pressure pi_minWith average pressure pi_mean,
Wherein, i is expressed as i-th cycle of operation, and span is 1≤i≤m；
7.3: extract each cylinder maximum fluctuation pressure p in exhaust phase in each cycle of operationi_j_maxWith minimal ripple pressure
pi_j_min, and average pressure pi_j_mean, wherein, j is expressed as jth cylinder, and span is 1≤j≤k, and k sends out for detection
Total cylinder number of motivation；
7.4: determine normal working cylinder:
Make pi_max=fmax(pi_j_max), pi_mean=fmax(pi_j_mean), fmaxFor maximizing function, then by pi_maxCorresponding
Cylinder is considered as normal working cylinder；
7.5: calculate each cylinder and the feature value difference of normal working cylinder in each cycle of operation, have maximum fluctuation pressure differential Δ pi_j_max
With average pressure differential Δ pi_j_mean:
Δpi_j_max=pi_max-pi_j_max
Δpi_j_mean=pi_mean-pi_j_mean
7.6: calculate the stabilized (steady-state) speed n that electromotor is per minute,
7.7: calculate engine transient rotating speed nt,Wherein ωtRepresent Engine Instantaneous Angle Velocity；
Step 8: cylinder operating mode judges；
Electromotor can not start, and other faults that cylinder produces include oil supply system failure, electrical malfunction or control system event
Barrier etc..
If starting function to start, then according to following judgment criterion, cylinder state is judged:
1) ifOrThen there is cylinder misfire；
2) ifOrThen cylinder normal fire, but there is other fault；
Such as piston ring seriously leaks gas, valve seriously leaks gas and oil supply system flow is limited etc.；
3) ifOrThen cylinder is normal；
Wherein,Represent maximum fluctuation pressure departure degree, Represent flat
All pressure departure degrees,A, b, c and d are setting threshold value, and wherein, a is
High surge pressure misfire determining threshold value, span is 20%-25%；B is the normal decision threshold of the highest surge pressure, value model
Enclose for 5%-10%；C is average pressure misfire determining threshold value, and span is 15%-20%；D is that average pressure normally judges
Threshold value, span is 5%-10%.
Every decision threshold can be adjusted according to engine type or operating condition.
Utilizing the operating mode of arbitrary cylinder in each cycle of operation, in being circulated by all working, the operating mode of each cylinder carries out classified statistic,
Obtain the times N of always catching fire during detection of each cylinderj_misWith other number of stoppages Nj_oth, thus obtain arbitrary cylinder
Catch fire frequency fj_misWith other failure-frequency fj_oth；
Wherein, fj_mis=Nj_mis/ m, fj_oth=Nj_oth/m。
In the range of described dynamic pressure transducer is arranged on engine exhaust manifold and each exhaust manifold intersection downstream 30-50mm.
With the maximum p of aerofluxus surge pressure in each cycle of operation in described step 8i_maxCorresponding cylinder is set to normally
Fire of moxibustion cylinder.
The p gathered in historical data in multiple cycle of operation in described step 7.4i_max, in calculating detection, all working circulation is flat
Average pav_max,If current pi_maxWith pav_maxRelative error less than 1%pav_max, then recognize
For current pi_maxThere is its normal working cylinder in corresponding i-th cycle of operation, otherwise it is assumed that pi_maxCorresponding i-th work
In circulating, all cylinder operation are abnormal, i.e. exist and catch fire.
A kind of engine steady operation catches fire and detects and self adaptation decision maker, including detection analyser, the dynamic pressure sensing of catching fire
Device, ignition discharge signal inductor and CKP；
Described dynamic pressure transducer, ignition discharge signal inductor and CKP are all connected with the detection analyser that catches fire；
Described dynamic pressure transducer is arranged on engine exhaust manifold and each exhaust manifold intersection downstream position；
Described ignition discharge signal inductor is arranged on point cylinder high-voltage line of arbitrary cylinder；
Described CKP is arranged on flywheel shell；
The data that the described detection analyser that catches fire utilizes sensor and induction apparatus to gather, according to above-mentioned a kind of engine steady operation
Whether catch fire detection and self adaptation decision method, exist to catch fire to cylinder and carry out operating mode judgement.
Beneficial effect
The invention provides a kind of engine steady operation to catch fire detection and self adaptation decision method and device, the method utilizes catches fire
Detection analyser detection obtains engine exhaust driven dynamic pressure fluctuation signal, ignition discharge signal and corner signal, by described
Three groups of signals carry out signal processing and fusion, obtain the exhaust dynamics Pressure Fluctuation Signal with crank angle as time scale and spark
Plug discharge signal data.In the detector that catches fire, the signal data processed and merge is decomposed, obtains aerofluxus stage by stage
Dynamic pressure wave and ignition signal data, determine each cylinder and each staged pressure and igniting according to ignition signal and cylinder working order
The corresponding relation of signal, extracts the exhaust dynamics pressure wave characteristic parameter obtaining each cylinder, and real-time discrimination normal operating cycle is gentle
Cylinder, analyzes the exhaust dynamics pressure wave characteristic parameter of each cylinder by a set of self adaptation decision method, so that it is determined that normal fire
Cylinder and misfiring cylinder, and count the frequency of catching fire of misfiring cylinder.
The method is independent of being in advance based on fault spectrum storehouse that engine exhaust dynamic pressure wave set up as criterion, but
Analyze the exhaust dynamics pressure wave signal gathered in real time, and this current conditions can be operated to determine normal fire with electromotor
The pressure oscillation characteristic parameter of cylinder, the most normal in this, as Contrast of Standard each cylinder exhaust dynamic pressure wave, thus sentence
Whether fixed corresponding cylinder exists phenomenon of catching fire, and statistics obtains the frequency of catching fire that each cylinder works continuously.Cylinder misfire judges standard
Really, Engine ECU signal is not relied on, it is not necessary to set up exhaust dynamics pressure wave data base, the most not by engine model and work
Environment etc. affect, simple to operate, easily realize, and versatility is very strong, and accuracy of detection is high.This apparatus structure is the compactest, peace
Dress is convenient, and testing cost is low, it is not necessary to electromotor other control system communication.
Additionally, the engine development that the method for the invention is to using Lean Burning Technique is particularly useful, especially there is presently no
What the technology of a kind of maturation existed when detecting supercharging directly jetting gasoline engine lean burn and natural gas engine employing lean burn catches fire
Phenomenon and frequency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the misfire determining method schematic flow sheet of embodiment in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is certain 4 cylinder 4 stroke gasoline engine judging misfire schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the 1st test loop exhaust dynamics pressure wave and the 4th cylinder ignition discharge induced voltage signal schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is electromotor exhaust dynamics pressure wave cardon of all cylinder normal fire in the 2nd test loop in embodiment；
Fig. 5 is electromotor exhaust dynamics pressure oscillation time the 2nd cylinder catches fire in the 1st test loop in embodiment
Figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described further.
Catch fire detection and self adaptation decision method as it is shown in figure 1, the invention provides a kind of engine steady operation, including following
Several steps: start electromotor 101, judge can normally start 102, detection preparation and startup 104, signal processing and fusion
105, exhaust dynamics pressure wave decomposes 106, determines exhaust dynamics pressure wave and cylinder sequence number relation 107, extracts each graduated discharge
Dynamic pressure wave characteristic parameter 108, signal adaptive judge 109, output detections result 110, judged result whether preferable 111,
Revise criterion 112 and complete to detect 113.
Fig. 2 is to use the embodiment of a kind of concrete apparatus structure of determination flow shown in Fig. 1, and this embodiment is with four stroke 4 cylinder vapour
As a example by oil machine misfire detecting apparatus, 4 cylinders are respectively the 1st cylinder the 13, the 2nd cylinder the 14, the 3rd cylinder the 15 and the 4th gas
Cylinder 16；Four cylinders are arranged between air inlet pipe assembly 11 and exhaustor assembly 2, and each cylinder is provided with spark plug 12；
Each spark plug is all connected with ignition distributor 5, and ignition distributor 5 is controlled by engine controller 7 by ignition coil 6；
Misfire detecting apparatus includes catch fire detection analyser 8, dynamic pressure transducer 3, ignition discharge signal inductor 4 and bent axle
Rotary angle transmitter 10；
Described dynamic pressure transducer, ignition discharge signal inductor and CKP all detect analyser 8 phase with catching fire
Even；
Dynamic pressure transducer 3 is arranged on electromotor 1 exhaustor assembly 2 and each exhaust manifold intersection downstream 30-50mm scope
In；
Ignition discharge signal inductor 4 is arranged on point cylinder high-voltage line of the 4th cylinder 16；
CKP 10 is arranged on flywheel 9 housing of electromotor 1.
Fig. 3 is 4 cylinders in continuous 2 cycle of operation (the 1st and the 2nd) of the one 4 cylinder machine embodiment shown in Fig. 2
Exhaust dynamics pressure wave and the 4th cylinder spark coil discharge induced voltage.
Fig. 4 is that a kind of 4 cylinder machine embodiments shown in Fig. 2 do not have exhaust dynamics pressure when catching fire in the 2nd test loop
Reeb cardon.
Fig. 5 is that a kind of 4 cylinder machine embodiments shown in Fig. 2 occur aerofluxus during 2 cylinder misfire to move in the 3rd test loop
State pressure wave cardon, shows the characteristic parameter of exhaust dynamics pressure wave in figure.
Below with Fig. 2 as embodiment, according to testing process shown in Fig. 1 and method, invention content is illustrated.
Step 1: judge whether electromotor can start；
If electromotor can not start, the existence of the most all cylinders is caught fire or there is other fault, is not required to carry out following detection step again；
As electromotor 1 can not normally start, then electromotor 1 is probably 4 cylinders and there is phenomenon of catching fire, it is also possible to there is other
Fault causes electromotor 1 not start, such as battery problems, motor problem, fuel feeding problem etc..
If starting function to start, then entering step 2, continuing engine fire detection；
The effect of this patent is detection and the judgement that there is phenomenon of catching fire mainly for vehicle/engine in use, such as electromotor
Can not start, the most conventional additive method also cannot be applied.Generally multicylinder engine before all cylinder misfire, user meeting
Perceive electromotor and there is fault.
Step 2: install sensor and induction apparatus, and sensor and induction apparatus are connected with the detection analyser that catches fire；
At engine exhaust manifold and each exhaust manifold intersection one dynamic pressure transducer of downstream installation；
Point cylinder high-voltage line of arbitrary cylinder is installed an ignition discharge signal inductor；
Flywheel is installed a CKP；
Install in the range of exhaust main on the exhaustor assembly 2 of electromotor 1 and each exhaust manifold intersection downstream 30-50mm
One dynamic pressure transducer 3, installs an ignition discharge signal inductor 4 on point cylinder high-voltage line of the 4th cylinder 16, is sending out
1 CKP 10 is installed at the flywheel 9 of motivation 1；Connect all wire harness of detector 8 that catch fire.
Step 3: start electromotor and the detection analyser that catches fire, and load and the rotating speed of electromotor are kept stable；
Start electromotor 1, maintain load and stabilization of speed, in order to receive feature obvious exhaust dynamics pressure wave, should be to make to start
Machine 1 runs at middle and high load working condition.The purpose of this step is to obtain electromotor 1 respectively by 3 sensor/induction apparatuss to run
Time the exhaust dynamics pressure wave signal of each cylinder and ignition discharge signal, and corner signal；Start the detector 8 that catches fire.
Step 4: obtain tim e-domain detection signal, and tim e-domain detection signal is converted to angular domain detection signal；
Described tim e-domain detection signal includes exhaust dynamics pressure wave signal, ignition discharge signal and corner signal, abscissa list
Position is second or millisecond, and realizes tim e-domain detection signal and the conversion of angular domain detection signal by corner signal；
Described angular domain detection signal refers to that, using crank angle as abscissa, unit is a DEG C A, is converted by time-domain signal according to the following formula
For angular domain signal, electromotor each cylinder of all working circulation aerofluxus in instroke during detection can be obtained and move
State pressure wave angular domain signal and the discharge voltage angular domain signal of institute's test point fire coil；
Wherein, angular velocity is recorded by CKP, and the time obtains from time-domain signal；
In the detection, dynamic pressure transducer 3 detects exhaust dynamics Pressure Fluctuation Signal and ignition discharge signal inductor 4
The ignition coil discharge voltage signal detected is all using clock time as time domain yardstick.Mistake for the ease of each cylinder of subsequent analysis
These two kinds of signals should be changed into the angular domain signal with crank angle as yardstick by condition of a fire condition.So can be by Fig. 2 embodiment in detection
During surveyed data be divided into several cycle of operation (one cycle of operation of four-stroke engine is 720 DEG C of A) and formed.As
Fig. 3 show the time-domain signal that embodiment obtains after sensing and is converted into angular domain signal data, illustrates continuous two work in figure
The exhaust dynamics pressure signal of circulation (embodiment the 1st and the 2nd cycle of operation in the detection) and the 4th cylinder ignition discharge signal.
Step 5: the angular domain signal abscissa of exhaust dynamics pressure wave is translated and decomposes；
Processing, through step 4, the test data that obtain is in units of cycle of operation, abscissa using crank angle as time scale,
But the point of interface between cycle of operation does not divide in strict accordance with the time period of electromotor actual motion, and same work follows
In ring, the exhaust dynamics pressure wave between each cylinder is the most unallocated.For the exhaust dynamics pressure to all cylinders in each cycle of operation
Reeb is analyzed, and judges its duty exactly, and the angular domain signal that need to obtain step 4 carries out abscissa translation and pressure
Wave Decomposition.
Detection data after step 4 being processed (calculate from detection record initial point A, crank angle duration the 1st cycle of operation
Be that the interval of 720 DEG C of A is referred to as the 1st cycle of operation) in find minimum exhaust dynamics pressure wave number p1_min(in the present embodiment
In minimum pressure values such as Fig. 3 in 1 cycle of operation shown in B point), this place crank angle is considered as two cylinders (the 1st cylinder
And the 3rd cylinder) between the separation of exhaust process.Separation is exactly piston lower dead center under normal circumstances, is put down by the abscissa of this point
Moving to λ DEG C of A of 180*, λ is integer, takes-1,0 or 1；On the basis of λ DEG C of A of 180*, (this example λ takes-1 to point, i.e. benchmark
Point crank angle is-180 DEG C of A), according to minimum pressure p1_minTranslational movement the angular domain signal of whole exhaust dynamics pressure wave is entered
Row integral translation, and use step-length TexTo detected exhaust dynamics pressure wave angular domain signal and ignition coil discharge voltage angular domain
Signal divides, it is thus achieved that the angular domain signal stage by stage that each cylinder is corresponding, and each stage angular domain signal is according to cylinder spark order
Join end to end.
Wherein, Tex=Tc/ τ, unit is a DEG C A, TcThe cycle of the cycle of operation that works for electromotor,τ is
Number of stroke, four rush electromotor τ=4, two stroke engine τ=2.
The present embodiment τ takes 4, then TexIt is 180 DEG C of A, the p of first job circulation1_min=1.24Bar, with p1_minPoint is corresponding
Crank angle point as datum mark (-180 DEG C of A).Whole exhaust dynamics pressure wave abscissa is according to the minimum pressure of the 1st circulation
Force p1_minTranslational movement (-50 DEG C of A) translate, and exhaust dynamics pressure wave is divided using 180 DEG C of A as step-length,
Obtain exhaust dynamics pressure wave stage by stage, as shown in Fig. 4 (the 2nd cycle of operation) and Fig. 5 (the 3rd cycle of operation).
The ignition discharge signal surveyed also is to translate according to the translational movement of exhaust dynamics pressure wave, simultaneously using 180 DEG C of A as step-length
Discharge signal is divided stage by stage.
Step 6: determine the corresponding relation of each graduated discharge dynamic pressure wave and cylinder sequence number；
Detection signal data after step 5 processes still has no way of learning the exhaust pressure wave corresponding to each cylinder, after so causing
The continuous exhaust pressure wave to each stage diagnoses the result obtained and will be unable to and cylinder sequence number one_to_one corresponding.In order to solve this problem,
This patent acquires the arbitrary ignition discharge induced voltage signal determining cylinder of electromotor 1.
This step to the effect that utilize ignition discharge signal determine the corresponding sequence number of cylinder, same cylinder from igniting to exhaust valve
Open difference TexIt is the relation determined by ignition order with the sequencing of the exhaust dynamics pressure wave of each cylinder, determines each stage
Exhaust dynamics pressure wave and the corresponding relation of cylinder sequence number；
Present case is to install an ignition discharge signal inductor 3 on point cylinder high-voltage line of the 4th cylinder 16, thus records the 4th cylinder
The ignition discharge induced voltage signal of 16.Same cylinder can be considered 180 DEG C of A from igniting to exhauxt valve opens time difference, can be really
The exhaust dynamics pressure wave place stage of fixed 4th cylinder 16, further according to the job order (1-3-4-2) between electromotor 1 cylinder just
Can determine that the stage of each corresponding exhaust dynamics pressure wave of other 3 cylinders, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
Step 7: extract each cylinder exhaust dynamic pressure wave characteristic parameter；
Cylinder catches fire and occurs in cylinder, but normally working cylinder has bright with the waveform of the exhaust dynamics pressure wave of misfiring cylinder
Significant difference is different, and this patent utilizes this species diversity to distinguish whether cylinder catches fire exactly.For the ease of each cylinder exhaust of relative analysis
Difference between dynamic pressure wave, need to carry out parameter quantization to the exhaust dynamics pressure wave in each stage, the quantization ginseng of this patent application
Number has 3, is maximum fluctuation pressure, minimal ripple pressure and average pressure respectively.
Detection tests m cycle of operation and will obtain the exhaust dynamics pressure wave of m circulation, then the aerofluxus of each circulation is moved
State pressure wave resolved into for 4 stages (as a example by 4 cylinder machines), and the crank angle of the most each graduated discharge process is Tex(present case is 180
DEG C A), the exhaust dynamics pressure wave characteristic parameter of extraction and step have:
7.1: calculate detection total duty cycle number m,T is the detection time,T is engine steady state work
In the cycle of condition next one cycle of operation, unit is the second；The crank angle cycle corresponding for T is Tc, four-stroke engine is TcIt is 720
DEG C A, two stroke engine Tc=it is 360 DEG C of A；ω is recorded by CKP.The present embodiment completes 100 in the detection
Individual test loop, i.e. m=100.
7.2: extract the maximum fluctuation pressure p in each cycle of operationi_max, minimal ripple pressure pi_minWith average pressure pi_mean,
Wherein, i is expressed as i-th cycle of operation, and span is 1≤i≤m；
7.3: extract each cylinder maximum fluctuation pressure p in exhaust phase in each cycle of operationi_j_maxWith minimal ripple pressure
pi_j_min, and average pressure pi_j_mean, wherein, j is expressed as jth cylinder, and span is 1≤j≤k, and k sends out for detection
Total cylinder number of motivation；The present embodiment is 4 Cylinder engines, then k=4.
7.4: determine normal working cylinder:
Make pi_max=fmax(pi_j_max), pi_mean=fmax(pi_j_mean), fmaxFor maximizing function, then by pi_maxCorresponding
Cylinder is considered as normal working cylinder；
7.5: calculate each cylinder and the feature value difference of normal working cylinder in each cycle of operation, have maximum fluctuation pressure differential Δ pi_j_max
With average pressure differential Δ pi_j_mean:
Δpi_j_max=pi_max-pi_j_max
Δpi_j_mean=pi_mean-pi_j_mean
7.6: calculate the stabilized (steady-state) speed n that electromotor is per minute,
7.7: calculate engine transient rotating speed nt,Wherein ωtRepresent Engine Instantaneous Angle Velocity；
The exhaust dynamics pressure wave detection data that the present embodiment is obtained by above step with the relation one_to_one corresponding of each cylinder, for
Whether each cylinder of analysis exists during detection catches fire, and need to extract the exhaust dynamics pressure of 4 cylinders in each cycle of operation
Wave characteristic parameter, minimal ripple pressure has p respectivelyi_1_min、pi_2_min、pi_3_minAnd pi_4_min, maximum fluctuation pressure is respectively
There is pi_1_max、pi_2_max、pi_3_maxAnd pi_4_max, average wave dynamic pressure has p respectivelyi_1_mean、pi_2_mean、pi_3_meanWith
pi_4_mean.The present embodiment catches fire and completes 100 cycle of operation tests in detecting, and exhaust dynamics pressure wave is broken down into 400
In the exhaust dynamics pressure wave stage of individual unique step, every phase table is shown as cylinder exhaust dynamics pressure in a cycle of operation
Ripple.
If Fig. 4 is that embodiment 4 cylinders in the detection test number at the exhaust dynamics pressure wave of the 2nd cycle of operation (i=2)
According to, arranging by cylinder spark order, the characteristic parameter of the 1st cylinder is p respectively2_1_min=1.24Bar, p2_1_mean=1.49Bar
And p2_1_max=1.87Bar, the characteristic parameter of the 3rd cylinder is p respectively2_3_min=1.24Bar, p2_3_mean=1.50Bar and
p2_3_max=1.89Bar, the characteristic parameter of the 4th cylinder is p respectively2_4_min=1.24Bar, p2_4_mean=1.49Bar and
p2_4_max=1.87Bar, the characteristic parameter of the 2nd cylinder is p respectively2_2_min=1.24Bar, p2_2_mean=1.50Bar and
p2_2_max=1.90Bar.
With the maximum p of exhaust dynamics pressure wave in the 2nd cycle of operation (i=2)2_maxCorresponding cylinder is considered as normal fire
Cylinder, and with p2_maxAs other cylinder of criterion relative analysis whether normal fire, then by p2_maxWith p2_j_maxDiffer from
Obtain Δ p2_j_max, i.e. Δ p2_j_max=p2_max-p2_j_max.By p2_max=fmax(p2_j_max), j is 1,2,3 and 4,
Then p2_max=1.90Bar, can obtain the Δ p of 4 cylinders in the 2nd cycle of operationi_j_max, it is respectively as follows:
(1)Δp2_1_max=p2_max-p2_1_max=1.90Bar-1.87Bar=0.03Bar
(2)Δp2_3_max=p2_max-p2_3_max=1.90Bar-1.89Bar=0.01Bar
(3)Δp2_4_max=p2_max-p2_4_max=1.90Bar-1.87Bar=0.03Bar
(4)Δp2_2_max=p2_max-p2_2_max=1.90Bar-1.90Bar=0.00Bar
If Fig. 5 is that embodiment 4 cylinders in the detection test number at the exhaust dynamics pressure wave of the 3rd cycle of operation (i=3)
According to, arranging according to cylinder spark order, the characteristic parameter of the 1st cylinder is p respectively3_1_min=1.24Bar, p3_1_mean=1.49Bar
And p3_1_max=1.87Bar, the characteristic parameter of the 3rd cylinder is p respectively3_3_min=1.24Bar, p3_3_mean=1.50Bar and
p3_3_max=1.90Bar, the characteristic parameter of the 4th cylinder is p respectively3_4_min=1.25Bar, p3_4_mean=1.50Bar and
p3_4_max=1.87Bar, the characteristic parameter of the 2nd cylinder is p respectively3_2_min=1.25Bar, p3_2_mean=1.29Bar and
p3_2_max=1.36Bar.
With the maximum p of exhaust dynamics pressure wave in the 3rd cycle of operation (i=3)3_maxCorresponding cylinder is considered as normal fire
Cylinder, and with p3_maxAs other cylinder of criterion relative analysis whether normal fire, then by p3_maxWith p3_j_maxDiffer from
Obtain Δ p3_j_max, i.e. Δ p3_j_max=p3_max-p3_j_max.By p3_max=fmax(p3_j_max), j is 1,2,3 and 4,
Then p3_max=1.90Bar, can obtain the Δ p of 4 cylinders in the 3rd cycle of operation3_j_max, it is respectively as follows:
(1)Δp3_1_max=p3_max-p3_1_max=1.90Bar-1.87Bar=0.03Bar；
(2)Δp3_3_max=p3_max-p3_3_max=1.90Bar-1.90Bar=0.00Bar；
(3)Δp3_4_max=p3_max-p3_4_max=1.90Bar-1.87Bar=0.03Bar；
(4)Δp3_2_max=p3_max-p3_2_max=1.90Bar-1.36Bar=0.54Bar.
As stated above, the feature ginseng of the exhaust dynamics pressure wave of 4 cylinders in the circulation of other all working in just can being detected
Number.
Step 8: cylinder operating mode judges；
If starting function to start, then according to following judgment criterion, cylinder state is judged:
1) ifOrThen there is cylinder misfire；
2) ifOrThen cylinder normal fire, but there is other fault；
3) ifOrThen cylinder is normal；
Wherein,Represent maximum fluctuation pressure departure degree, Represent flat
All pressure departure degrees,A, b, c and d are setting threshold value, and wherein, a is
High surge pressure misfire determining threshold value, span is 20%-25%；B is the normal decision threshold of the highest surge pressure, value model
Enclose for 5%-10%；C is average pressure misfire determining threshold value, and span is 15%-20%；D is that average pressure normally judges
Threshold value, span is 5%-10%.
Calculate the present embodiment electromotor 14 cylinders in the detection maximum fluctuation pressure the 2nd cycle of operation (i=2) below
Power departure degree.Have determined that the exhaust dynamics pressure wave characteristic parameter in each stage in step 7, the most again by Δ p2_j_maxWith
p2_maxRatioThe real-time judgment parameter whether caught fire as the 2nd each cylinder of cycle of operation, i.e.The maximum fluctuation pressure departure degree of each cylinder is as follows:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Contrast misfire determining standard, result is as follows:
(1)Then show that the 1st cylinder working is normal in the 2nd cycle of operation；
(2)Then show that the 3rd cylinder working is normal in the 2nd cycle of operation；
(3)Then show that the 4th cylinder working is normal in the 2nd cycle of operation；
(4)Then show that the 2nd cylinder working is normal in the 2nd cycle of operation.
Knowable to result of determination, there is not cylinder misfire in the present embodiment the 2nd cycle of operation electromotor 1 during detection.
Calculate the present embodiment electromotor 14 cylinders in the detection maximum fluctuation pressure the 3rd cycle of operation (i=3) below
Power departure degree.Have determined that the exhaust dynamics pressure wave characteristic parameter in each stage in step 7, the most again by Δ p3_j_maxWith
p3_maxRatioThe real-time judgment parameter whether caught fire as 4 cylinders of the 3rd cycle of operation, i.e.The maximum fluctuation pressure departure degree of each cylinder is as follows:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Misfire determining standard is as follows:
Contrasting the evaluation criteria that catches fire, result is as follows:
(1)Then show that the 1st cylinder working is normal in the 3rd cycle of operation；
(2)Then show that the 3rd cylinder working is normal in the 3rd cycle of operation；
(3)Then show that the 4th cylinder working is normal in the 3rd cycle of operation；
(4)Then show that the 2nd cylinder catches fire in the 3rd cycle of operation.
Knowable to result of determination, the present embodiment the 2nd cylinder of the 3rd cycle of operation electromotor 1 during detection loses
Fire.
As stated above, the maximum ripple of the exhaust dynamics pressure wave of 4 cylinders in the circulation of other all working in just can being detected
Dynamic pressure departure degree and average pressure departure degree, and misfire determining is carried out one by one according to criterion.
By the analysis method of above-mentioned 2nd and the 3rd cycle of operation, just can get the circulation of electromotor 1 other all working in the detection
In the working condition of each cylinder.Further according to the operating mode situation judging result of cylinder each in each cycle of operation, it is accumulated by each cylinder in detection
In catch fire times Nj_mis, normal work times Nj_norWith other number of stoppages Nj_oth, thus catching fire of each cylinder can be calculated
Frequency fj_mis, other failure-frequencies fj_oth, wherein j is cylinder sequence number (1≤j≤k, k are total cylinder number).In previous step
In obtained catch fire number of times and frequency, other number of stoppages and the frequency of each cylinder of electromotor 1 in the detection, at whole testing process
In need output detections result, testing result can be directly displayed by detector, each inblock cylinder of the most exportable engine steady operation
Gas dynamic pressure wave image.
In above-mentioned determination step 8 with each cycle of operation in the maximum p of aerofluxus surge pressurei_maxCorresponding cylinder is considered as
Normal fire cylinder, but there may be all (in embodiment 4) cylinders in a certain cycle of operation and all catch fire, this can make to sentence
Determine result inaccurate.In order to make result of determination accurate, complete step 1 to after the work of 8, during whole detection is analyzed
P in all working circulation obtainedi_maxSue for peace, pressure mean values p of all working circulation can be calculatedav_max, thenIf current pi_maxWith pav_maxRelative error less than 1%, then it is assumed that current pi_maxCorresponding
I-th cycle of operation in there is its normal working cylinder；Otherwise it is assumed that pi_maxAll cylinders in corresponding i-th cycle of operation
Work abnormal, i.e. exist and catch fire, testing result correspondingly catches fire number of times and frequency should make an amendment.
As testing result does not corresponds with electromotor practical working situation, then in can being judged by amendment operating mode, threshold values judges inspection again
Survey result.This is primarily directed to some in particular cases, the boundary value in amendment standard, thus judges electromotor more accurately
Fault type.As testing result is consistent with electromotor practical working situation, then can detection of end task, complete detection.
Institute of the present invention application process judges accurately, without using Engine ECU signal during whole detection, it is not necessary to set up aerofluxus
Dynamic pressure wave data base, is not affected by engine model and working environment etc., simple to operate, easily realizes, highly versatile,
Accuracy of detection is high.
Claims (6)
1. an engine steady operation catches fire and detects and self adaptation decision method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: judge whether electromotor can start；
If electromotor can not start, the existence of the most all cylinders is caught fire or produces other fault, is not required to carry out following detection step again；
If starting function to start, then entering step 2, continuing engine fire detection；
Step 2: install sensor and induction apparatus, and sensor and induction apparatus are connected with the detection analyser that catches fire；
At engine exhaust manifold and each exhaust manifold intersection one dynamic pressure transducer of downstream installation；
Point cylinder high-voltage line of arbitrary cylinder is installed an ignition discharge signal inductor；
Flywheel is installed a CKP；
Step 3: start electromotor and the detection analyser that catches fire, and load and the rotating speed of electromotor are kept stable；
Step 4: obtain tim e-domain detection signal, and tim e-domain detection signal is converted to angular domain detection signal；
Described tim e-domain detection signal includes exhaust dynamics pressure wave signal, ignition discharge signal and corner signal, abscissa list
Position is second or millisecond, and realizes tim e-domain detection signal and the conversion of angular domain detection signal by corner signal；
Described angular domain detection signal refers to that, using crank angle as abscissa, unit is a ° CA, is converted by time-domain signal according to the following formula
For angular domain signal, it is thus achieved that the pressure oscillation characteristic angular domain signal of each cylinder exhaust stroke and institute in the circulation of electromotor all working
Test point fire coil flash-over characteristic angular domain detection signal；
Wherein, angular velocity omega is recorded by CKP；
Step 5: the angular domain signal of exhaust dynamics pressure wave is decomposed and abscissa translation；
With the minimum pressure p in the 1st cycle of operation1_minPlace crank angle is considered as the separation of exhaust process between cylinder, and four
The separation of cylinder four-stroke electromotor is exactly piston lower dead center, and it is whole for being translated by the abscissa of this point and being converted into λ ° of CA of 180*, λ
Number, takes-1,0 or 1；
Point on the basis of λ ° of CA of 180*, according to minimum pressure p1_minThe translational movement angular domain signal to whole exhaust dynamics pressure wave
Carry out integral translation, and use step-length TexDischarge angular domain letter to detected exhaust dynamics pressure wave angular domain signal and ignition coil
Number dividing, it is thus achieved that the angular domain signal stage by stage corresponding with each cylinder, each stage angular domain signal is first according to cylinder spark order
Tail is connected；
Wherein, Tex=Tc/ τ, unit is a ° CA, TcIn the cycle of the cycle of operation that works for electromotor, τ is number of stroke, four
Rush electromotor τ=4, two stroke engine τ=2,
Step 6: determine the corresponding relation of each graduated discharge dynamic pressure wave and cylinder sequence number；
The corresponding sequence number of cylinder, same cylinder differ T from igniting to exhauxt valve opens to utilize ignition discharge signal to determineexWith each cylinder
The sequencing of exhaust dynamics pressure wave be the relation determined by ignition order, determine each graduated discharge dynamic pressure wave and gas
The corresponding relation of cylinder sequence number；
Step 7: extract each cylinder exhaust dynamic pressure wave characteristic parameter；
Test m cycle of operation and will obtain the exhaust dynamics pressure wave of m circulation, then by the exhaust dynamics pressure of each circulation
Wave Decomposition becomes 4 stages, the crank angle of the most each graduated discharge process to be Tex, extract the exhaust dynamics pressure baud in each stage
Levy parameter and step have:
7.1: calculate detection total duty cycle number m,T is the detection time,T is engine steady state work
In the cycle of condition next one cycle of operation, unit is the second；The crank angle cycle corresponding for T is Tc, four-stroke engine is 720 ° of CA,
Two stroke engine is 360 ° of CA；
7.2: extract the maximum fluctuation pressure p in each cycle of operationi_max, minimal ripple pressure pi_minWith average pressure pi_mean,
Wherein, i is expressed as i-th cycle of operation, and span is 1≤i≤m；
7.3: extract each cylinder maximum fluctuation pressure p in exhaust phase in each cycle of operationi_j_maxWith minimal ripple pressure
pi_j_min, and average pressure pi_j_mean, wherein, j is expressed as jth cylinder, and span is 1≤j≤k, and k sends out for detection
Total cylinder number of motivation；
7.4: determine normal working cylinder:
Make pi_max=fmax(pi_j_max), pi_mean=fmax(pi_j_mean), fmaxFor maximizing function, then by pi_maxCorresponding
Cylinder is considered as normal working cylinder；
7.5: calculate each cylinder and the feature value difference of normal working cylinder in each cycle of operation, have maximum fluctuation pressure differential Δ pi_j_max
With average pressure differential Δ pi_j_mean:
Δpi_j_max=pi_max-pi_j_max
Δpi_j_mean=pi_mean-pi_j_mean
7.6: calculate the stabilized (steady-state) speed n that electromotor is per minute,
7.7: calculate engine transient rotating speed nt,Wherein ωtRepresent Engine Instantaneous Angle Velocity；
Step 8: cylinder operating mode judges；
If starting function to start, then according to following judgment criterion, cylinder state is judged:
1) ifOrThen there is cylinder misfire；
2) ifOrThen cylinder normal fire, but there is other fault；
3) ifOrThen cylinder is normal；
Wherein,Represent maximum fluctuation pressure departure degree, Represent flat
All pressure departure degrees,A, b, c and d are setting threshold value, and wherein, a is
High surge pressure misfire determining threshold value, span is 20%-25%；B is the normal decision threshold of the highest surge pressure, value model
Enclose for 5%-10%；C is average pressure misfire determining threshold value, and span is 15%-20%；D is that average pressure normally judges
Threshold value, span is 5%-10%.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that obtain the working condition of arbitrary cylinder in each cycle of operation,
In being circulated by all working, the working condition of each cylinder carries out classified statistic, obtains the number of times that always catches fire of each cylinder during detection
Nj_misWith other number of stoppages Nj_oth, thus obtain frequency f of catching fire of arbitrary cylinderj_misWith other failure-frequency fj_oth；
Wherein, fj_mis=Nj_mis/ m, fj_oth=Nj_oth/m。
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described dynamic pressure transducer is arranged on engine exhaust manifold
In the range of each exhaust manifold intersection downstream 30-50mm.
4. according to the method described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that so that each cycle of operation to be arranged in described step 8
The maximum p of wave dynamic pressurei_maxCorresponding cylinder is considered as normal fire cylinder.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that gather multiple work in historical data in described step 7.4 and follow
P in ringi_max, calculate meansigma methods p of all working circulation in detectionav_max,If current pi_max
With pav_maxRelative difference less than 1%, then it is assumed that current pi_maxThere is it in corresponding i-th cycle of operation normally to work
Cylinder, otherwise it is assumed that pi_maxIn corresponding i-th cycle of operation, all cylinder operation are abnormal, i.e. exist and catch fire.
6. an engine steady operation catches fire detection and self adaptation decision maker, it is characterised in that the detection analyser that includes catching fire,
Dynamic pressure transducer, ignition discharge signal inductor and CKP；
Described dynamic pressure transducer, ignition discharge signal inductor and CKP are all connected with the detection analyser that catches fire；
Described dynamic pressure transducer is arranged on engine exhaust manifold and each exhaust manifold intersection downstream position；
Described ignition discharge signal inductor is arranged on point cylinder high-voltage line of arbitrary cylinder；
Described CKP is arranged on flywheel shell；
The data that the described detection analyser that catches fire utilizes sensor and induction apparatus to gather are according to the method described in claim 1-5, right
Whether cylinder exists to catch fire carries out operating mode judgement.
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