CN105598576A - Tough and well-matched great heat input electroslag welding connector - Google Patents
Tough and well-matched great heat input electroslag welding connector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105598576A CN105598576A CN201610185618.9A CN201610185618A CN105598576A CN 105598576 A CN105598576 A CN 105598576A CN 201610185618 A CN201610185618 A CN 201610185618A CN 105598576 A CN105598576 A CN 105598576A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tensile strength
- coarse
- affected area
- heat input
- grain
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K25/00—Slag welding, i.e. using a heated layer or mass of powder, slag, or the like in contact with the material to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a tough and well-matched great heat input electroslag welding connector. The connector is formed by single-path butt joint of a steel plate with the plate thickness of more than or equal to 40mm through great heat input electroslag welding, and at least meets one of the following conditions: (a1) the tensile strength of a welding line is 80% to 110% of the tensile strength of a parent material, and the tensile strength of a coarse-grain heat influence region is 90% to 110% of the tensile strength of the welding line; (b1) the width of the coarse-grain heat influence region is 20% of the thickness of the parent material or below, and the width of the welding line is 120% of the thickness of the parent material or below; and (c1) the prior austenite crystal grain diameter of the coarse-grain heat influence region is smaller than 300 microns, and the content of acicular ferrite in crystals is more than or equal to 50%. The tough and well-matched great heat input electroslag welding connector has the technical advantages that the performance of the welding connector is improved through a strength matching design of each region and the great heat input electroslag welding connector of the high-intensity steel plate with the plate thickness of more than or equal to 40mm can be formed; and the low-temperature impact value at -20 DEG C of the electroslag welding connector at the position of a fusion line is more than 90J.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding structural body, particularly single pass welding thickness of slab exceedes the steel plate of 40mm and the large heat input electroslag welding joint of a kind of good obdurability matching of forming; Improve melt run region impact flexibility in joint performance, especially heat affected area by the design of each field strength coupling.
Background technology
Along with the maximization of the Structural Engineerings such as extra large work, boats and ships, the efficiency of construction that adopts high-efficiency welding method to improve large thickness steel plate is very necessary, as the large heat input such as FCB method multiplewire submerged arc welding, the electro-gas (enclosed) welding of monofilament/mariages, the electroslag welding of monofilament/mariages solder technology is widely used. These efficient welding technology contribute to significantly to reduce welding bead quantity, realize the single pass welding forming of slab.
Sweating heat input also increases along with the increase of thickness of slab, and particularly the input of the heat of electroslag welding can reach 400-1000kJ/cm, steel plate that can single pass welding thickness of slab 40-100mm. But for the low-alloy steel below tensile strength rank 800MPa, after the thermal cycle of heat affected area in the time of excessive heat input welding, also there is fragility tissue near the serious alligatoring of coarse-grain heat affected area crystal grain coarse-grain heat affected area, particularly melt run, has caused the toughness in this region to worsen.
In order to solve this difficult problem, it is thick that researcher utilizes high-melting-point inclusion particle, in coarse-grain heat affected area, the pinning effect of austenite grain boundary is suppressed to austenite crystal, and promote the acicular ferrite nucleating that intracrystalline obdurability is good, develop the steel plate (for example, JP2005036295, JP2008308736, JP2013136813, CN103114241A, CN104411849A, CN104404369A etc.) of coarse-grain heat affected area tenacity excellent. Although these patents can to a certain degree be improved the low-temperature flexibility in melt run region by coarse-grain heat affected area organizational controls technology, but all do not consider that the strength difference between coarse-grain heat affected area and weld seam causes the stress of melt run position to concentrate, and also can cause the low-temperature flexibility fluctuation of melt run position.
Patent CN103732776A has considered the matching relationship of welding point heat affected area intensity and toughness, but the technology of announcing is only applicable to the thin plate of thickness 4mm, and sweating heat input quantity is less; The technology that patent CN100537108C proposition strength of welded joint coupling is improved the anti-brittle fracture performance of joint belongs to large heat input category, but its regulation weld width is thickness of slab 70% and following, and do not consider the impact of weld width butt joint low-temperature flexibility, and the welding point of thickness of slab >=40mm that the present invention proposes, adopt larger heat input welding single pass moulding, the impact of the strength matching in the each region of high spot reviews welding point on electroslag welding joint melt run position low-temperature flexibility.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of large heat input electroslag welding joint that utilizes strength matching to improve melt run position low-temperature flexibility in heat affected area. This joint is formed through large heat input electroslag welding single pass docking by the steel plate of thickness of slab >=40mm, by controlling the strength matching relation between weld seam, heat affected area and mother metal three, improve the low-temperature flexibility of welding point, especially weld the low-temperature flexibility of melt run position.
In engineering practice, although adopt the large heat input steel plate as Patent designs such as CN104404369A, still there is fluctuate large, wild effect in the low-temperature flexibility of welding point, the especially impact flexibility of melt run position. Visible, only can not guarantee the low-temperature flexibility of all positions of welding point by controlling mother metal tissue or intensity.
The inventor comprehensively analyzes the electroslag welding joint under multiple different-thickness specifications, different heat input condition, the index such as the microstructure of probe weld metal zone, coarse-grain heat affected area and mother metal, intensity, low-temperature impact toughness. Result of the test shows: it is relevant that the low-temperature flexibility of melt run position is adjacent the strength difference in region, and when difference is larger, the impact flexibility of melt run position is poor.
Consider in current engineering designs for welding structure, because the defective proportion (as field trash, microcrack etc.) of weld metal zone is far away higher than mother metal steel plate, in order to ensure the intensity of welding point, often adopt high-strength matching principle (forming high-strength coupling while selecting weld metal compared with strength of parent). And adopting the low-alloyed TMCP steel plate of low C after large heat input welding, the weld seam of coarse-grain heat affected area intensity and high-strength design differs larger, therefore causes near the local stress of melt run excessive, thereby causes the deterioration of melt run position toughness.
Therefore,, by the strength matching design of welding coarse-grain heat affected area and weld seam, the local stress that reduces large heat input welding point melt run place is vital to the tough property improvement in this region. For large heat input electroslag welding joint, local stress is mainly derived from by uneven temperature field in welding process and the moulding distortion in part that caused by it, therefore limit the ratio of near the coarse-grain heat affected area of melt run and weld width and mother metal thickness, contribute to suppress this region to produce plastic deformation and reduce local stress, thereby improving the low-temperature flexibility at melt run place. The inventor is on to the basis of theory of plastic strain in matrix and experimental study, propose to exceed for thickness of slab the high-strength steel sheet of 40mm, when the width of coarse-grain heat affected area mother metal thickness 20% and following, and weld width mother metal thickness 120% and when following, the stress at melt run place can be restricted to minimum of a value, thereby is conducive to improve the low-temperature flexibility in this region.
Meanwhile, it is also very necessary improving near the anti-brittle fracture characteristic of microcosmic of melt run. Near melt run, there is by inquiry the mechanism of brittle fracture and the relation of tissue, can find, original austenite grain size is suppressed, for reduced size, to ensure that intracrystalline has the acicular ferrite content of significant proportion simultaneously, just can ensure good low-temperature flexibility. The inventor has carried out the tissue of a large amount of single pass electroslag welding joints and the sign work of performance, survey data proves that low-temperature impact toughness higher joint in melt run position has following common feature aspect microstructure: original austenite grain size is less than 300 μ m, and intragranular acicular ferrite ratio is more than 50%.
That is to say, the inventor finds, the reasonably intensity of coupling welding coarse-grain heat affected area and weld metal zone, control the ratio of coarse-grain heat affected area, weld seam and mother metal thickness, improve the microstructure of welding coarse-grain heat affected area simultaneously, can effectively improve the low-temperature flexibility of melt run position in welding point, therefore weld in the design of electroslag welding joint of thickness of slab >=40mm the one at least should meeting the following conditions at large heat input single pass:
(1) tensile strength of weld seam is the 80%-110% of mother metal tensile strength, and the tensile strength of coarse-grain heat affected area is the 90%-110% of weld seam tensile strength, preferably, coarse-grain heat affected area width is the 6%-17% of mother metal thickness, and weld width is the 80%-120% of mother metal thickness.
(2) coarse-grain heat affected area width mother metal thickness 20% and following, weld width mother metal thickness 120% and following, preferably, the tensile strength of weld seam is the 83%-105% of mother metal tensile strength, and the tensile strength of coarse-grain heat affected area is the 93%-105% of weld seam tensile strength.
(3) the original austenite grain diameter of coarse-grain heat affected area is below 300 μ m, and intragranular acicular ferrite ratio is more than 50%, and preferably, the original austenite grain diameter of coarse-grain heat affected area is at 268-296 μ m, and intragranular acicular ferrite content is at 52%-63%.
Technological merit of the present invention is:According to the present invention, can form the large heat input of the high-strength steel sheet single pass electroslag welding joint of thickness of slab >=40mm, and make melt run position there is sufficiently high low-temperature flexibility, electroslag welding joint is greater than 90J at-20 DEG C of cold impact values of melt run position.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is near the typical organization of coarse-grain heat affected area slag Welding EH36 plate joint and melt run in the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Up to now, researcher utilizes the pinning effect of high-melting-point inclusion particle to coarse-grain heat affected area original austenite crystal prevention, and facilitation to intragranular acicular ferrite forming core, has developed the steel plate that is applicable to large heat input welding. But the inventor finds while investigating the performance of electroslag welding joint that adopts such steel plate of the same race, although the impact flexibility of welding coarse-grain heat affected area can meet the demands, but the fluctuation of the low-temperature flexibility at the melt run place between coarse-grain heat affected area and weld metal zone is very large, and mostly is defective value. Visible, for large heat input welding point, good mother metal steel plate can ensure coarse-grain heat affected area excellent toughness, but can not guarantee the low-temperature flexibility of melt run position.
And then the inventor has proposed the strength matching by controlling the each region of joint, thereby obtain the good large heat input electroslag welding joint of melt run position impact flexibility. One during concrete matching condition at least should meet the following conditions: the tensile strength of (1) weld seam is the 80%-110% of mother metal tensile strength, and the tensile strength of coarse-grain heat affected area is the 90%-110% of weld seam tensile strength. (2) coarse-grain heat affected area width is at below 20% of mother metal thickness, and weld width is at below 120% of mother metal thickness. (3) the original austenite grain diameter of coarse-grain heat affected area is below 300 μ m, and intragranular acicular ferrite content is more than 50%.
According to the method described above, AH40 and the EH36 steel plate of the inventor to different thicknesss of slab, select other wlding of different intensity scale to carry out large heat input slag Welding, to form the joint of varying strength coupling, the parameters of probe joint is in table 1, and table 1 is the large heat input electroslag welding joint parameter comparison of the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example.
The intensity in the each region of welding point adopts micro tensile specimen to detect, and low-temperature flexibility is carried out according to GB GB/T2650-2008. Original austenite grain size and intragranular acicular ferrite content that after corrosion, Welded Joints carries out metallographic observation, carry out dimensional measurement the coarse-grain heat affected area to melt run near zone to each region carry out statistical analysis, the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 result shows, embodiment 1-4 center tap meets: intensity/weld strength≤1.1,0.9≤coarse-grain heat affected area, 0.8≤weld strength/strength of parent≤1.1, and coarse-grain heat affected area width mother metal thickness 30% in, weld width mother metal thickness 120% in, near coarse-grain heat affected area original austenite grain diameter melt run is no more than 300 μ m, and acicular ferrite ratio wherein exceedes 50%. For example, near embodiment 3 slag Welding EH36 plate joints and melt run, the typical organization of coarse-grain heat affected area as shown in Figure 1, the steel plate single pass welding fabrication of 50mm thickness, simultaneously, weld width is 110% of thickness of slab, and melt run near Central Plains, coarse grain zone austenite grain size be 270 μ m, intergranular structure is taking tiny acicular ferrite as main, therefore can ensure that joint has good toughness and tenacity, particularly-20 of melt run position DEG C of cold impact values are greater than 90J.
Comparative example adopts the steel plate identical with embodiment, but adopts the more weld seam of high strength coupling. As shown in Table 1, in comparative example 1-4, weld seam has higher intensity level, to compare embodiment larger with the strength difference of coarse-grain heat affected area and mother metal, coarse-grain heat affected area and weld strength ratio are less than 0.9, the intensity of weld seam and mother metal is greater than 1.1, has exceeded the intensity scope that the present invention proposes. In addition, near the melt run of comparative example 1-2, original austenite grain size and the intragranular acicular ferrite ratio of coarse-grain heat affected area have also exceeded the scope that the present invention requires, and therefore the low-temperature flexibility at the melt run place of comparative example is poor.
Therefore, according to the present invention, can utilize the strength matching in each region to improve welding point, the particularly toughness of melt run position, thereby the large heat input electroslag welding joint that toughness and tenacity is good is provided.
Table 1
Note: in table, letter abbreviations represents respectively---CGHAZ(coarse-grain heat affected area), WM(weld seam), BM(mother metal), FL(melt run), TS(tensile strength), AF(acicular ferrite).
Claims (8)
1. the large heat input electroslag welding banjo fixing butt jointing of a good obdurability matching, this joint is formed through large heat input electroslag welding single pass docking by the steel plate of thickness of slab >=40mm, it is characterized in that: (a1) coarse-grain heat affected area width be mother metal thickness 20% and following, weld width be mother metal thickness 120% and following.
2. the large heat input electroslag welding banjo fixing butt jointing of good obdurability matching according to claim 1, is characterized in that: (a2) coarse-grain heat affected area width is the 6%-17% of mother metal thickness, and weld width is the 80%-120% of mother metal thickness.
3. the large heat input electroslag welding banjo fixing butt jointing of good obdurability matching according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: (b1) tensile strength of weld seam is the 80%-110% of mother metal tensile strength, and the tensile strength of coarse-grain heat affected area is the 90%-110% of weld seam tensile strength.
4. the large heat input electroslag welding banjo fixing butt jointing of good obdurability matching according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: (b2) tensile strength of weld seam is the 83%-105% of mother metal tensile strength, and the tensile strength of coarse-grain heat affected area is the 93%-105% of weld seam tensile strength.
5. the large heat input electroslag welding banjo fixing butt jointing of good obdurability matching according to claim 1, is characterized in that: (c1) the original austenite grain diameter of coarse-grain heat affected area is below 300 μ m, and intragranular acicular ferrite content is more than 50%.
6. the large heat input electroslag welding banjo fixing butt jointing of good obdurability matching according to claim 1, is characterized in that: (c2) the original austenite grain diameter of coarse-grain heat affected area is at 268-296 μ m, and intragranular acicular ferrite content is at 52%-63%.
7. the large heat input electroslag welding banjo fixing butt jointing of good obdurability matching according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: (b1) tensile strength of weld seam is the 80%-110% of mother metal tensile strength, and the tensile strength of coarse-grain heat affected area is the 90%-110% of weld seam tensile strength; (c1) the original austenite grain diameter of coarse-grain heat affected area is below 300 μ m, and intragranular acicular ferrite content is more than 50%.
8. the large heat input electroslag welding banjo fixing butt jointing of good obdurability matching according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: (b2) tensile strength of weld seam is the 83%-105% of mother metal tensile strength, and the tensile strength of coarse-grain heat affected area is the 93%-105% of weld seam tensile strength; (c2) the original austenite grain diameter of coarse-grain heat affected area is at 268-296 μ m, and intragranular acicular ferrite content is at 52%-63%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610185618.9A CN105598576A (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-03-29 | Tough and well-matched great heat input electroslag welding connector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610185618.9A CN105598576A (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-03-29 | Tough and well-matched great heat input electroslag welding connector |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105598576A true CN105598576A (en) | 2016-05-25 |
Family
ID=55979200
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610185618.9A Pending CN105598576A (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-03-29 | Tough and well-matched great heat input electroslag welding connector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105598576A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108687429A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-10-23 | 华电曹妃甸重工装备有限公司 | The double electric double wire hidden arc welding welding methods of high-strength steel sheet |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005279743A (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Welded joint having excellent brittle fracture occurrence resistance characteristic |
| CN1871094A (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2006-11-29 | 新日本制铁株式会社 | High heat input butt welding joint exhibiting excellent characteristics in resistance to occurrence of brittle fracture |
| CN101386956A (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2009-03-18 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Toughness and welded joint with good inhibition of fatigue cracking |
| CN104404369A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Thick steel plate capable of being welded at large heat input and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105522304A (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | High heat input welding joint with fusion line position having good impact toughness |
-
2016
- 2016-03-29 CN CN201610185618.9A patent/CN105598576A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1871094A (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2006-11-29 | 新日本制铁株式会社 | High heat input butt welding joint exhibiting excellent characteristics in resistance to occurrence of brittle fracture |
| JP2005279743A (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Welded joint having excellent brittle fracture occurrence resistance characteristic |
| CN101386956A (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2009-03-18 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Toughness and welded joint with good inhibition of fatigue cracking |
| CN104404369A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-11 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Thick steel plate capable of being welded at large heat input and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105522304A (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | High heat input welding joint with fusion line position having good impact toughness |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张宇 等: ""大焊接热输入船板EH40气电立焊接头的组织和性能"", 《焊接》 * |
| 李小宝 等: ""大线能量焊接船板EH40电渣焊接头组织和性能"", 《钢铁研究学报》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108687429A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-10-23 | 华电曹妃甸重工装备有限公司 | The double electric double wire hidden arc welding welding methods of high-strength steel sheet |
| CN108687429B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-11-03 | 华电曹妃甸重工装备有限公司 | Double-electric double-wire submerged arc welding method for high-strength steel plate |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR101444646B1 (en) | High-strength thick steel plate having excellent arrestability | |
| Saha et al. | Microstructure, texture, and mechanical property analysis of gas metal arc welded AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel | |
| JPWO2013099179A1 (en) | High-strength thick steel plate with excellent brittle crack propagation stopping characteristics and method for producing the same | |
| Lee et al. | Effects of inclusion size and acicular ferrite on cold cracking for high-strength steel welds of YS 600 MPa grade | |
| Donizete Borba et al. | Assessment of the weldability of EH36 TMCP shipbuilding steel welded by high heat input submerged arc welding | |
| Dornelas et al. | Influence of welding interpass temperature on Charpy V-notch impact energy of coarse-grain heat-affected zone of AISI 4130 steel pipe | |
| Qinglei et al. | Characterization on strength and toughness of welded joint for Q550 steel | |
| Liu et al. | Investigation on the weakest zone in toughness of 9Cr/NiCrMoV dissimilar welded joint and its enhancement | |
| CN101386962A (en) | Non-magnetic high-strength stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof | |
| Li et al. | Welding L415/316L bimetal composite pipe using post-internal-welding process | |
| Song et al. | Effect of Mn content on microstructure and mechanical properties of weld metal during high heat input welding processes | |
| Hildebrand et al. | A review on assessment of fatigue strength in welded studs | |
| Gomes et al. | Influence of chemical composition on the mechanical and microstructural properties of high strength steel weld metals submitted to PWHT | |
| Gianetto et al. | Microstructure and toughness of simulated grain coarsened heat affected zones in X80 pipe steels | |
| CN105522304B (en) | It is a kind of to fuse the good high heat-input welding point of line position impact flexibility | |
| CN105598576A (en) | Tough and well-matched great heat input electroslag welding connector | |
| Rizvi et al. | Optimization of gas metal arcwelding parameters of SS304 austenitic steel by Taguchi–Grey relational analysis | |
| JP6392376B2 (en) | Submerged arc welding wire | |
| Li et al. | Embrittlement of intercritically reheated coarse grain heat-affected zone of ASTM4130 steel | |
| Mehdi et al. | Effect of PWHT on metallurgical and mechanical characterization of dissimilar welded joint of P91 and P92 steels | |
| Migiakis et al. | Plasma keyhole welding of UNS S32760 super duplex stainless steel: microstructure and mechanical properties | |
| Chernyshov et al. | High-strength shipbuilding steels and alloys | |
| Merchant Samir | A review of effect of welding and post weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of grade 91 steel | |
| CN101910437A (en) | Steel for welding structure having welded joint with superior ctod properties in weld heat affected zone | |
| Laitila et al. | Effect of forced cooling after welding on CGHAZ mechanical properties of a martensitic steel |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20160525 |