CN105598400B - 一种高锡青铜丝材短流程成形工艺 - Google Patents

一种高锡青铜丝材短流程成形工艺 Download PDF

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CN105598400B
CN105598400B CN201610009108.6A CN201610009108A CN105598400B CN 105598400 B CN105598400 B CN 105598400B CN 201610009108 A CN201610009108 A CN 201610009108A CN 105598400 B CN105598400 B CN 105598400B
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CN105598400A (zh
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罗奕兵
戴晓元
彭伟杰
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/005—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/045—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for horizontal casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

Abstract

一种高锡青铜合金丝材短流程工艺步骤为：采用水平连铸法制备高锡青铜（8‑15%wt）线坯；铸造线坯经无模拉拔为丝材，单道次变形量为20‑60%，变形区最高温度控制为550‑750℃，拉拔速度为0.5‑10 mm/s,冷热源距离10‑40mm；酸洗和机械刷洗无模拉拔后丝材表面；丝材经拉拔为微丝，单道次的变形量为10‑25%，采用油润滑方式，当冷变形量为50‑90%时，采用退火处理，退火温度为500‑650℃，退火时间为0.2‑1h。

Description

一种高锡青铜丝材短流程成形工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种Sn含量8-15％wt的高锡青铜丝材的短流程成形工艺。
背景技术
锡青铜以低的电阻率、高的电迁移寿命和连接可靠性等优点，在大规模集成电路和芯片的连接领域有着极大的应用潜力。高锡青铜合金由于偏析严重，同时铸造组织出现δ相(化合物Cu31Sn8为基的固溶体)，造成高锡青铜合金材料性质硬而脆难于加工。到目前为止，高锡青铜丝、线材的主要生产方法为铸造→热挤压→冷轧成丝材(肖爱英等，矿冶工程，1981(4),35-41)，此方法生产工艺流程较长，设备投资大；以及喷射沉积→轧制成材法(王晓峰等，一种高强度变形Cu-Sn合金的制备方法[P]，中国专利，申请号，CN200710010242，2007-01-31)，其受喷射沉积法工艺限制，坯料的生产效率不高，工艺控制难度较高。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种高锡青铜合金丝材短流程工艺，解决高锡青铜难于加工、生产效率不高等问题。本发明解决其技术问题所采取的方案：
1)采用水平连铸法制备高锡青铜合金线坯；
2)高锡青铜线坯经多道次无模拉拔成丝材；
3)丝材经表面清洗后，采用冷拉拔成定径丝材。
所述的高锡青铜丝材短流程成形工艺，具体工艺参数如下，
采用水平连铸法制备Sn含量8-15％wt的高锡青铜线坯，铸造时金属液温度控制为液相线之上80-150℃，铸造线坯直径φ8-18mm；铸造线坯经无模拉拔成丝材，每道次无模拉拔变形量为20-60％，加热区采用气体保护，采用红外测温方式，变形区最高温度控制为550-750℃，拉拔速度为0.5-10mm/s,采用水冷却方式，冷热源距离10-40mm；采用酸洗和机械刷洗无模拉拔后丝材的表面氧化物；丝材经拉拔定形，单道次拉拔变形量为10-25％，采用油润滑方式，当冷变形量为50-90％时，结合退火处理(退火温度为500-650℃，退火时间为0.2-1h)恢复材料塑性。
本发明的优点在于：
1)采用水平连铸法制备线坯，其生产成本低、效率高，塑性加工主要采用无模拉拔工艺，单道次变形量大，可减少加工道次，相比孔型轧制法无模拉拔的生产适用性强；
2)由铜-锡二元相图可知，Sn在铜中的溶解度随温度下降急剧降低，在520-586℃范围内具有最大平衡溶解度可达15.8％wt，因此，在高温下变形，可充分发挥高锡青铜材料的塑性；
3)由于无模拉拔工艺特点，金属变形后立即经水冷抑制了Sn的析出，使使高温下含高锡含量的固溶体被保留下来，从而使合金在低温下为单相组织，有利于后续的拉拔变形，增强了材料的固溶强化效果，提高了材料强度、硬度、塑性。
具体实施方式：
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
实施例1：φ1mm Sn含量为8.5％wt的锡青铜丝材成形工艺
采用水平连铸法制备锡青铜(Sn含量为8.5％wt)线坯，铸造时金属液温度控制为1100℃，铸坯直径为φ10mm；无模拉拔变形量为20-60％，道次变形量逐渐增大，变形区最高温度设定为650℃，拉拔速度设定为1mm/s,冷热源距离12mm，采用水冷却方式，加热区采用氮气保护，经多道次拉拔成φ2mm丝材；采用稀硝酸清洗线材表面；清洗后的锡青铜丝材经多道次拉拔至φ1mm，道次变形量为10-25％，在冷变形量达到60％时，进行了550℃/0.5h氢气保护下退火处理。
实施例2：φ0.8mm Sn含量为13％wt的锡青铜丝材成形工艺
采用水平连铸法制备Sn含量为13％wt的锡青铜线坯，铸造时金属液温度控制为1060℃，铸坯直径为φ10mm；无模拉拔变形量为20-60％，道次变形量逐渐增大，变形区最高温度设定为650℃，拉拔速度设定为0.7mm/s,冷热源距离12mm，采用水冷却方式，加热区采用氮气保护，经多道次拉拔成φ1.8mm丝材；采用稀硝酸清洗线材表面；清洗后的锡青铜丝材经多道次拉拔至φ0.8mm，道次变形量为10-25％，在冷变形量达到60％时，进行了570℃/0.5h氢气保护下退火处理。

Claims (1)

1.一种高锡青铜丝材短流程成形工艺，其特征在于，制备步骤为：
(1)采用水平连铸法制备φ10mm Sn含量为8-15％wt的高锡青铜线坯，铸造熔池温度为液相线之上80-150℃；
(2)线坯经多道次无模拉拔为高锡青铜丝材，道次变形量为20-60％且逐渐增大，变形区最高温度为550-750℃，采用水冷方式；
(3)清洗后的高锡青铜丝材经多道次拉拔至要求尺寸，道次变形量为10-25％，当冷变形量达到60％时，进行退火处理。
CN201610009108.6A 2016-01-08 2016-01-08 一种高锡青铜丝材短流程成形工艺 Expired - Fee Related CN105598400B (zh)

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CN105880496B (zh) * 2016-04-29 2016-12-07 马鞍山尚元冶金科技有限公司 一种数字化无结晶器异形坯连铸装置
CN109079112A (zh) * 2017-06-14 2018-12-25 罗奕兵 一种高锡青铜丝材的成形工艺
CN107579010B (zh) * 2017-07-31 2020-06-30 昆明贵金属研究所 一种提高金银复合键合丝覆层与芯材结合力的方法
CN108085629A (zh) * 2017-12-30 2018-05-29 姹や寒 一种铜合金线材的磷铜坯料退火工艺
CN108165787A (zh) * 2018-01-26 2018-06-15 宁波华成阀门有限公司 一种高强度锡青铜及其制造方法

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