A kind of tail gas recycle type harvesting device
Technical field
Field is gathered in the present invention relates to agriculture thing, and in particular to a kind of tail gas recycle type harvesting device.
Background technology
It is the integrated machinery for gathering in crops to harvester, completes harvesting, threshing, and grain is focused on into repository,
Then grain is transported on transport vehicle by conveyer belt.Also hand harvest can be used, the straw of the crops such as paddy and wheat is laid in
Field, then carries out pickup threshing with cereal harvesting machinery again.Existing harvesting device has that structure is excessively complicated, integrated journey
Spend relatively low, energy consumption higher-energy can not secondary utilization the problems such as.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of tail gas recycle type harvesting device.
The purpose of the present invention is realized using following technical scheme:
A kind of tail gas recycle type harvesting device, it is characterized in that, including harvesting wheel, cutter, induced-draught fan, delivery pipe, material stock
Bucket, scraper bowl and engine power retracting device, the harvesting wheel are arranged on the front end of scraper bowl, and cutter are arranged under harvesting wheel
Side, induced-draught fan is arranged on the bottom of harvesting device;Agriculture thing is incorporated into scraper bowl in the presence of harvesting wheel and cutter, air draught
Machine forms negative-pressure sucking in harvesting device when operating and is transported to the agriculture material in scraper bowl in storaging bucket by delivery pipe;It is described to receive
Device is cut by engine driving, engine power retracting device is used for the heat for reclaiming motor exhaust, it include radiator,
Engine, backwater evaporator, high temperature heat-exchanging loop, low-temperature heat exchange loop, batteries, inverter and frequency converter, backpressure regulation
Blower fan;The radiator is connected with engine, and the heat of engine is transferred on radiator by radiator by cooling water, and is led to
Cross the surface radiating of radiator;The tail gas of engine sequentially passes through backpressure regulation blower fan, high-temperature evaporator, cryogenic vaporizer cooling
Heel row is to air;
High temperature heat-exchanging loop include be sequentially connected high temperature circulation pump, high-temperature evaporator, high temperature multistage expansion turbine and
The medium of flowing is water in warm condenser, high temperature heat-exchanging loop, and high-temperature evaporator is arranged on the high temperature after backpressure regulation blower fan
On exhaust pipe, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM cooled down through warm condenser is squeezed into high-temperature evaporator by high temperature circulation pump, the medium after heating
Water subsequently enters the acting of high temperature multistage expansion turbine;
Low-temperature circulating pump, cryogenic vaporizer, intermediate extraction superheater, the low temperature that low-temperature heat exchange loop includes being sequentially connected are more
The medium flowed in level expanding machine and low-temperature condenser, low-temperature heat exchange loop is R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer is arranged on through too high
On low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after warm evaporator;The medium R245fa cooled down through low-temperature condenser squeezes into low temperature by low-temperature circulating pump and steamed
Send out in device, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM after heating enters the acting of low temperature multistage expanding machine after the heating of intermediate extraction superheater;Intermediate extraction
Superheater is pipe heat exchanger, and intergrade of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine is drawn gas;Also include regulating valve, institute
Regulating valve is stated according to the pressure feedback in the R245fa temperature feedbacks and high temperature multistage expansion turbine after intermediate extraction superheater,
For adjusting the flow that intergrade is drawn gas, R245fa temperature feedbacks value after intermediate extraction superheater is more than or less than setting
Intermediate extraction superheater after R245fa temperature values when, turn down or open automatically the aperture of big regulating valve, at the same when high temperature it is many
When pressure feedback value in level turbo-expander is less than the pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine of setting, close automatically
Lock regulating valve to open, the intergrade after heating, which is drawn gas, is back to high temperature recuperated cycle loop;High-temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer
The distance between L be the 3/4 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine is 3 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade, which is drawn gas, to be taken
From the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine;
High-temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer use screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube, and the front half section in gas inlet side is adopted
With the screen formula heat exchanger tube being staggered in arrangement, the second half section uses spiral heat exchange tube;CWR of the engine to radiator
Backwater evaporator is additionally provided with road, the heat for reclaiming engine cooling water backwater, its cooling source is derived from low-temperature circulating pump
Centre tap, it is heated after the R245fa that comes out of centre tap return to the porch of intermediate extraction superheater;The high temperature
Evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer are integrally provided in the heat exchange housing of drum type brake, and heat exchange housing passes through spiral shell by procapsid and back casing
Bolt is fastened and formed, and the length of procapsid is identical with the horizontal length of screen formula heat exchanger tube, the length of back casing and spiral heat exchange tube
Horizontal length is identical;Multiple vibrators are provided with the screen formula heat exchanger tube, vibrator is powered by batteries;The procapsid
Bottom it is curved, be additionally provided with sewage draining exit at the minimum point of curved bottom, for periodically discharge screen formula heat exchanger tube on shake
Dirt;
It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling between low temperature multistage expanding machine and high temperature multistage expansion turbine, start just in system
R245fa in phase, low-temperature heat exchange loop reaches vapourizing temperature, low temperature multistage expansion prow prior to the water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop
First start, while driving high temperature multistage expansion turbine low speed to rotate in advance by shaft coupling, play reduction high temperature multistage turbine swollen
The startup pressure of swollen machine, shortens the effect of startup time;When system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine subtracts
Speed, while driving low temperature multistage expanding machine to slow down by shaft coupling, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine, plays reduction low
The air blast friction of warm multiple expansion engine, the effect for preventing blade from overheating;
Also include batteries, inverter and frequency converter, one end of high temperature multistage expansion turbine is connected with batteries,
Batteries are used to store the electric energy being transformed by the kinetic energy of expanding machine;Batteries are connected with inverter and frequency converter, inverse
Becoming device is used for the DC inverter of battery into alternating current, and frequency converter is used to drive backpressure regulation blower fan and adjusts its rotating speed;
Backpressure regulation blower fan is used for the back pressure for lowering and controlling engine, feeds back to adjust the back of the body by the pressure at expulsion detected during operation
The rotating speed of pressure regulation blower fan is so as to adjust back pressure in optimum value.
Preferably, the low temperature multistage expanding machine and high temperature multistage expansion turbine pass through high temperature inlet valve and low temperature respectively
The respective throttle flow of air inlet valve regulation, the high temperature inlet valve used and the stability of flow area of low temperature air inlet valve is 30%~100%
Metered flow, when high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are more than 30% respective metered flow, high temperature enters vapour
Valve or low temperature inlet valve keep standard-sized sheet to avoid restriction loss, by adjust the rotating speed of high temperature circulation pump or low-temperature circulating pump come
Change exerting oneself for expanding machine;When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are less than 30% respective metered flow,
Keep the rotating speed of high temperature circulation pump or low-temperature circulating pump constant, by controlling the aperture of high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve to adjust
Save exerting oneself for expanding machine.
The beneficial effect of this harvesting device:The harvesting device is simple and practical, can realize the automatic harvesting storage of agriculture thing
It is easy to operate, and engine exhaust energy secondary can utilize, energy-conserving and environment-protective;The off gas energy recovery system of engine is devised,
According to the heat recovery demand of different temperatures section and the evaporating temperature and the difference of heat transfer characteristic of medium, in high temperature section and low temperature
Circulatory mediator different Duan Caiyong, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole;By the way that the relatively low low temperature of pressure is followed
Ring pump centre tap leads to the backwater that backwater evaporator cools down engine cooling water, can be same in recovery motor exhaust used heat
The heat of Shi Huishou cooling waters, and energy-saving effect is obvious;Screen formula-spiral that a kind of suitable tail gas heat exchange is used is redesigned
Heat exchanger tube, was both convenient to clean, and heat exchange efficiency is added again;Pass through recovering energy part for by inverter and frequency converter
Backpressure regulation blower fan, and the rotating speed of the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower fan according to exhaust back pressure are driven, is being realized without extraneous electricity
By backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration while the driving blower fan of source, investment and space hold are greatlyd save;Utilize high temperature
The intergrade of multistage expansion turbine is drawn gas, and drawing gas for this part expands in high temperature multistage expansion turbine by one section
Process, the medium R245fa into before low temperature multistage expanding machine is heated using its remaining heat, on the one hand can be ensured
R245fa effective vaporization, on the other hand can improve the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion loop, it is to avoid cold source energy, so as to improve
The whole efficiency of energy recycle device;Coaxially connected by shaft coupling between low temperature multistage expanding machine and high temperature multistage expansion turbine
Connect, at the initial stage started in system, because exhaust temperature is relatively low, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange loop is prior in high temperature heat-exchanging loop
Water reach vapourizing temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while passing through shaft coupling drives high temperature multistage expansion turbine
Low speed is rotated in advance, can so effectively reduce the startup pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine, is shortened the startup time, is stopped in system
When only, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage expanding machine to slow down by shaft coupling, to subtract
The idling time of few cryogenic expansion machine, because the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also higher, is now primarily served
Reduce the air blast friction of low temperature multistage expanding machine, the effect for preventing blade from overheating;Adjusted according to inlet valve under different flow rate working conditions
The consideration of characteristic and restriction loss is saved, the control mode that a kind of rotating speed and inlet valve are combined is devised, restriction loss is being reduced
While maintain the stability of regulation.
Brief description of the drawings
Using accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but the embodiment in accompanying drawing does not constitute any limit to the present invention
System, for one of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be obtained according to the following drawings
Other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of this harvesting device;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of this energy recycle device;
Fig. 3 is the side view of high-temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer;
Fig. 4 is the front view of high-temperature evaporator and cryogenic vaporizer.
Reference:Radiator -1;Engine -2;Warm condenser -3;Low-temperature condenser -4;High-temperature evaporator -5;It is low
Warm evaporator -6;High temperature multistage expansion turbine -7;Low temperature multistage expanding machine -8;Backwater evaporator -9;High temperature circulation pump -10;
Low-temperature circulating pump -11;Intermediate extraction superheater -12;Batteries -13;Backpressure regulation blower fan -14;Inverter and frequency converter-
15;Regulating valve -16;Screen formula heat exchanger tube -17;Spiral heat exchange tube -18;Shaft coupling -19;Procapsid -20;Back casing -21;Bolt-
22;Sewage draining exit -23;Harvesting wheel -24;Cutter -25;Induced-draught fan -26;Delivery pipe -27;Storaging bucket -28;Scraper bowl -29.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of tail gas recycle type harvesting device as shown in Figure 1, including harvesting wheel 24, cutter 25, induced-draught fan 26, conveying
Pipe 27, storaging bucket 28, scraper bowl 29 and engine power retracting device, the harvesting wheel 24 are arranged on the front end of scraper bowl 29, cutting
Knife 25 is arranged on the lower section of harvesting wheel 24, and induced-draught fan 26 is arranged on the bottom of harvesting device;Agriculture thing is in harvesting wheel 24 and cutter
It is incorporated into the presence of 25 in scraper bowl 29, negative-pressure sucking is formed by scraper bowl 29 in harvesting device when induced-draught fan 26 is operated
Agriculture material is transported in storaging bucket 28 by delivery pipe 27;The harvesting device is driven by engine 2.
As shown in Fig. 2 engine power retracting device is used to reclaim the energy of the tail gas of engine 2, it include radiator 1,
Engine 2, backwater evaporator 9, high temperature heat-exchanging loop, low-temperature heat exchange loop, batteries 13, inverter and frequency converter 15 and the back of the body
Pressure regulation blower fan 14.Radiator 1 is connected with engine 2, and the heat of engine 2 is transferred to radiating by radiator 1 by cooling water
On device 1, and pass through the surface radiating of radiator 1.The tail gas of engine 2 sequentially passes through backpressure regulation blower fan 14, high temperature evaporation
Device 5, cryogenic vaporizer 6 discharge air after cooling down.
High temperature heat-exchanging loop includes high temperature circulation pump 10, high-temperature evaporator 5, the high temperature multistage expansion turbine being sequentially connected
7 and warm condenser 3, the medium of flowing is water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop, and high-temperature evaporator 5 is arranged on after backpressure regulation blower fan 14
High-temperature tail gas pipeline on, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM cooled down through warm condenser 3 is squeezed into by high temperature circulation pump 10 and is used in high-temperature evaporator 5
The tail gas of cooling down high-temperature tail gas section, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM after heating then passes through high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 and done work, heat energy is changed
For the mechanical energy of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7.
Low-temperature heat exchange loop include be sequentially connected low-temperature circulating pump 11, cryogenic vaporizer 6, intermediate extraction superheater 12,
The medium flowed in low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and low-temperature condenser 4, low-temperature heat exchange loop is R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer 6 is installed
Further to reclaim the heat of tail gas on the low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after high-temperature evaporator 5, cooled down through low-temperature condenser 6
Medium R245fa is squeezed into cryogenic vaporizer 6 by low-temperature circulating pump 11, and the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM after heating passes through intermediate extraction superheater 12
Done work afterwards by low temperature multiple expansion engine 8, convert heat energy into the mechanical energy of low temperature multistage expanding machine 8.Inventor sends out through research
It is existing, in energy recycle device, with water as medium and with R245fa is as the effect of both media and differs, the evaporation of water
Evaporating temperature of the temperature than R245fa is higher by much, therefore is adapted to use in the tail gas section of high temperature;And in the tail gas of low temperature
R245fa is used in section as medium, its evaporation acting is more beneficial for.In addition, this will under the conditions of different pressure and temperatures
Both media are used in combination, and the heat exchange efficiency of system can be also improved on the whole.Intermediate extraction superheater 12 is pipe type heat transfer
Device, intergrade of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is drawn gas, and this part is drawn gas in high temperature multistage turbine
By one section of expansion process in expanding machine 7, heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8
R245fa, on the one hand can ensure R245fa effective vaporization, on the other hand can improve the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion loop,
Cold source energy is avoided, so as to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device.Specifically drawing gas series can be according to two expanding machine
In different condition ranges determine.Also include regulating valve 16, regulating valve 16 is according to the R245fa after intermediate extraction superheater 12
Pressure feedback in temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, for adjusting the flow that intergrade is drawn gas, works as intermediate extraction
R245fa temperature feedbacks value after superheater 12 is more than or less than the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting
During value, the aperture of big regulating valve 16 is turned down or opens automatically, while when the pressure feedback value in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is small
When pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting, automatic blocking regulating valve 16 is opened (forbids it to continue greatly
Open big), to prevent exerting oneself for high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 too low, the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting
The method that pressure atresia value in angle value and the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting passes through experiment according to different concrete conditions
It is manually set, the intergrade after heating, which is drawn gas, is back to high temperature recuperated cycle loop (not shown).In this embodiment, take
The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are the 3/4 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine
7 be 3 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade, which is drawn gas, is derived from the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine.
As shown in Figure 3,4, it is contemplated that more how long impurity in tail gas, which is not easy to clear up after use, easily blocks,
And heat exchange efficiency is taken into account, high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 use the new structure of screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube,
The inlet side of tail gas, using the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17 being staggered in arrangement, so most tail gas impurity is blocked in screen formula and changed
On heat pipe 17, during cleaning easily, while being staggered in arrangement also can effectively reduce the flow resistance of tail gas;And use spiral shell in the second half section
Heat exchanger tube 18 is revolved, heat exchange efficiency is improved to strengthen flow perturbation.The cooling source of warm condenser 3 and low-temperature condenser 4 can take
From air-conditioning refrigerant, other low-temperature receivers can also be derived from, because the after-heat of this part is few, as long as can meet to change
Medium in hot loop, which is re-cooled to liquid, prevents high temperature circulation pump 10 and low-temperature circulating pump 11 from vaporizing.The high temperature steams
Hair device 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 are integrally provided in the heat exchange housing of drum type brake, and heat exchange housing is led to by procapsid 20 and back casing 21
Cross bolt 22 and fasten and form, the length of procapsid 20 is identical with the horizontal length of screen formula heat exchanger tube 17, the length of back casing 21 and
The horizontal length of spiral heat exchange tube 18 is identical;Multiple vibrator (not shown)s are provided with the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17, are shaken
Device is made to be powered by batteries 13;The bottom of the procapsid 20 is curved, the row of being additionally provided with the minimum point of curved bottom
Dirty mouth 23, for periodically discharging the dirt for shaking to fall on screen formula heat exchanger tube 17.
Backwater evaporator 9 is additionally provided with the CWR road of engine 2 to radiator 1, is started for reclaiming
The heat of machine cooling water backwater, its cooling source is derived from the centre tap of low-temperature circulating pump 11, it is heated after centre tap come out
R245fa return to the porch of intermediate extraction superheater 12.The centre tap of the relatively low low-temperature circulating pump 11 of pressure is led to
Backwater evaporator cools down the backwater of engine cooling water, and the heat of cooling water backwater on the one hand can be reclaimed well, on the other hand
Have more preferably compared to individually setting up a circulation or drawing cooling medium from the outlet of low-temperature circulating pump 11 and high temperature circulation pump 10
Energy-saving effect.
It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling 19 between low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, opened in system
At dynamic initial stage, because exhaust temperature is relatively low, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange loop reaches vapour prior to the water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop
Change temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 starts first, while driving high temperature 7 low speed of multistage expansion turbine pre- by shaft coupling 19
Rotate, can so effectively reduce the startup pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, shorten the startup time, due to now high temperature
Medium temperature in multistage expansion turbine 7 is very low, and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 length of blade compared with low temperature multiple expansion
The length of blade of machine 8 is small, the air blast friction very little of blade, almost can be without considering;When system stops, high temperature multistage turbine
The coasting operation first of expanding machine 7 is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 to slow down by shaft coupling 19, to reduce cryogenic expansion machine 8
Idling time, because the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also higher, now primarily serve reduction low temperature multistage
The air blast friction of expanding machine 8, the effect for preventing blade from overheating.
One end of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is connected with batteries 13, and batteries 13 are used to store by expanding machine
The electric energy that kinetic energy is transformed.The technology of the electric energy of battery is converted energy on expanding machine, due to prior art
It is very ripe, it will not be repeated here.Batteries 13 are connected with inverter and frequency converter 15, and inverter is used for the direct current of battery
Electric inversion is alternating current, and frequency converter is used to drive backpressure regulation blower fan 14 and adjusts its rotating speed.Energy recycle device is to engine 2
Influence can raise the exhaust back pressure of engine 2 when essentially consisting in engine exhaust by heater in system, and be vented
Power consumption increase when back pressure rise can cause the engine piston waste gas is released to cylinder, therefore set backpressure regulation blower fan 14 can be with
Effectively lower and control the back pressure of engine 2, during operation, feed back to adjust backpressure regulation wind by the pressure at expulsion detected
The rotating speed of machine 14 is so as to adjust back pressure in optimum value, while this drive the side of blower fan using the energy of of batteries 13 itself
Formula has the advantages that not needing external power supply.
Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 pass through high temperature inlet valve and low temperature air inlet valve (figure respectively
Not shown in) adjust respective throttle flow.The high temperature inlet valve that uses and the stability of flow area of low temperature air inlet valve for 30%~
100% metered flow, either low-temperature heat exchange loop or high temperature heat-exchanging loop, the control of pump and the control of expanding machine, first
The flow of working medium is adjusted by pump, the control to working medium temperature at expander inlet is realized, is expanded when flow changes
Machine must make corresponding adjustment to match flow, if the operation of expanding machine is mismatched with flow, can not only remain stable
Evaporating pressure, the operation of expanding machine can not also keep stable, while according to the characteristic of high temperature inlet valve and low temperature inlet valve, adopting
Adjusted with pressure and speed adjusts the control mode being engaged:When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are more than
During 30% respective metered flow, high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve keep standard-sized sheet to avoid restriction loss, by adjusting high temperature
The rotating speed of circulating pump 10 or low-temperature circulating pump 11 changes exerting oneself for expanding machine;When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange loop
When circular flow is less than 30% respective metered flow, the control characteristic of inlet valve during due to low discharge is unstable, keeps high temperature
Circulating pump 10 or the rotating speed of low-temperature circulating pump 11 are constant, and expansion is adjusted by controlling the aperture of high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve
Machine is exerted oneself.
It is simple and practical in the harvesting device of this embodiment, it can realize that the automatic harvesting storage of agriculture thing is easy to operate,
And engine exhaust energy secondary can be utilized, energy-conserving and environment-protective;The exhaust gas recovery system of engine is devised, according to different temperatures section
Heat recovery demand and medium evaporating temperature and the difference of heat transfer characteristic, followed in high temperature section and low-temperature zone using different
Ring medium, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole;By the way that the relatively low low-temperature circulating pump centre tap of pressure is drawn
Go out to backwater evaporator 9 to cool down the backwater of engine cooling water, cooling water can be reclaimed simultaneously reclaiming motor exhaust used heat
Heat, and energy-saving effect is obvious;Screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube that a kind of suitable tail gas heat exchange is used is redesigned, both just
In cleaning, heat exchange efficiency is added again;Pass through recovering energy part for driving back pressure by inverter and frequency converter 15
Blower fan 14, and the rotating speed of the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower fan 14 according to exhaust back pressure are adjusted, is driven realizing without extraneous power supply
By backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration while dynamic blower fan, investment and space hold are greatlyd save;It is multistage using high temperature
The intergrade of turbo-expander 7 is drawn gas, and drawing gas for this part is expanded by one section in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7
Journey, is heated into the medium R245fa before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 using its remaining heat, on the one hand can ensured
R245fa effective vaporization, on the other hand can improve the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion loop, it is to avoid cold source energy, so as to improve
The whole efficiency of energy recycle device;It is same by shaft coupling 19 between low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7
Axle is connected, and at the initial stage started in system, because exhaust temperature is relatively low, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange loop exchanges heat back prior to high temperature
Water in road reaches vapourizing temperature, and low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while driving high temperature multistage turbine by shaft coupling 19
The low speed of expanding machine 7 is rotated in advance, can so effectively reduce the startup pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, shortens the startup time,
When system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage to expand by shaft coupling 19
Machine 8 slows down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine 8, because the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also higher,
The air blast friction for reducing low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 is now primarily served, the effect for preventing blade from overheating;According to different flow works
The consideration of inlet valve control characteristic and restriction loss under condition, devises the control mode that a kind of rotating speed and inlet valve are combined,
The stability of regulation is maintained while reducing restriction loss.The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are tail
The 3/4 of gas discharge duct overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is 3 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade, which is drawn gas, is derived from high temperature multistage turbine
The 2nd grade of expanding machine 7, heat recovery efficiency improves 4%, achieves unexpected effect.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of tail gas recycle type harvesting device as shown in Figure 1, including harvesting wheel 24, cutter 25, induced-draught fan 26, conveying
Pipe 27, storaging bucket 28, scraper bowl 29 and engine power retracting device, the harvesting wheel 24 are arranged on the front end of scraper bowl 29, cutting
Knife 25 is arranged on the lower section of harvesting wheel 24, and induced-draught fan 26 is arranged on the bottom of harvesting device;Agriculture thing is in harvesting wheel 24 and cutter
It is incorporated into the presence of 25 in scraper bowl 29, negative-pressure sucking is formed by scraper bowl 29 in harvesting device when induced-draught fan 26 is operated
Agriculture material is transported in storaging bucket 28 by delivery pipe 27;The harvesting device is driven by engine 2.
As shown in Fig. 2 engine power retracting device is used for the energy for reclaiming motor exhaust, it includes radiator 1, hair
Motivation 2, backwater evaporator 9, high temperature heat-exchanging loop, low-temperature heat exchange loop, batteries 13, inverter and frequency converter 15 and back pressure
Adjust blower fan 14.Radiator 1 is connected with engine 2, and the heat of engine 2 is transferred to radiator 1 by radiator 1 by cooling water
On, and pass through the surface radiating of radiator 1.The tail gas of engine 2 sequentially pass through backpressure regulation blower fan 14, high-temperature evaporator 5,
Cryogenic vaporizer 6 discharges air after cooling down.
High temperature heat-exchanging loop includes high temperature circulation pump 10, high-temperature evaporator 5, the high temperature multistage expansion turbine being sequentially connected
7 and warm condenser 3, the medium of flowing is water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop, and high-temperature evaporator 5 is arranged on after backpressure regulation blower fan 14
High-temperature tail gas pipeline on, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM cooled down through warm condenser 3 is squeezed into by high temperature circulation pump 10 and is used in high-temperature evaporator 5
The tail gas of cooling down high-temperature tail gas section, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM after heating then passes through high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 and done work, heat energy is changed
For the mechanical energy of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7.
Low-temperature heat exchange loop include be sequentially connected low-temperature circulating pump 11, cryogenic vaporizer 6, intermediate extraction superheater 12,
The medium flowed in low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and low-temperature condenser 4, low-temperature heat exchange loop is R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer 6 is installed
Further to reclaim the heat of tail gas on the low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after high-temperature evaporator 5, cooled down through low-temperature condenser 6
Medium R245fa is squeezed into cryogenic vaporizer 6 by low-temperature circulating pump 11, and the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM after heating passes through intermediate extraction superheater 12
Done work afterwards by low temperature multiple expansion engine 8, convert heat energy into the mechanical energy of low temperature multistage expanding machine 8.Inventor sends out through research
It is existing, in energy recycle device, with water as medium and with R245fa is as the effect of both media and differs, the evaporation of water
Evaporating temperature of the temperature than R245fa is higher by much, therefore is adapted to use in the tail gas section of high temperature;And in the tail gas of low temperature
R245fa is used in section as medium, its evaporation acting is more beneficial for.In addition, this will under the conditions of different pressure and temperatures
Both media are used in combination, and the heat exchange efficiency of system can be also improved on the whole.Intermediate extraction superheater 12 is pipe type heat transfer
Device, intergrade of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is drawn gas, and this part is drawn gas in high temperature multistage turbine
By one section of expansion process in expanding machine 7, heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8
R245fa, on the one hand can ensure R245fa effective vaporization, on the other hand can improve the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion loop,
Cold source energy is avoided, so as to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device.Specifically drawing gas series can be according to two expanding machine
In different condition ranges determine.Also include regulating valve 16, regulating valve 16 is according to the R245fa after intermediate extraction superheater 12
Pressure feedback in temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, for adjusting the flow that intergrade is drawn gas, works as intermediate extraction
R245fa temperature feedbacks value after superheater 12 is more than or less than the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting
During value, the aperture of big regulating valve 16 is turned down or opens automatically, while when the pressure feedback value in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is small
When pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting, automatic blocking regulating valve 16 is opened (forbids it to continue greatly
Open big), to prevent exerting oneself for high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 too low, the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting
The method that pressure atresia value in angle value and the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting passes through experiment according to different concrete conditions
It is manually set, the intergrade after heating, which is drawn gas, is back to high temperature recuperated cycle loop (not shown).In this embodiment, take
The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are the 2/3 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine
7 be 4 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade, which is drawn gas, is derived from the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine.
As shown in Figure 3,4, it is contemplated that more how long impurity in tail gas, which is not easy to clear up after use, easily blocks,
And heat exchange efficiency is taken into account, high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 use the new structure of screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube,
The inlet side of tail gas, using the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17 being staggered in arrangement, so most tail gas impurity is blocked in screen formula and changed
On heat pipe 17, during cleaning easily, while being staggered in arrangement also can effectively reduce the flow resistance of tail gas;And use spiral shell in the second half section
Heat exchanger tube 18 is revolved, heat exchange efficiency is improved to strengthen flow perturbation.The cooling source of warm condenser 3 and low-temperature condenser 4 can take
From air-conditioning refrigerant, other low-temperature receivers can also be derived from, because the after-heat of this part is few, as long as can meet to change
Medium in hot loop, which is re-cooled to liquid, prevents high temperature circulation pump 10 and low-temperature circulating pump 11 from vaporizing.The high temperature steams
Hair device 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 are integrally provided in the heat exchange housing of drum type brake, and heat exchange housing is led to by procapsid 20 and back casing 21
Cross bolt 22 and fasten and form, the length of procapsid 20 is identical with the horizontal length of screen formula heat exchanger tube 17, the length of back casing 21 and
The horizontal length of spiral heat exchange tube 18 is identical;Multiple vibrator (not shown)s are provided with the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17, are shaken
Device is made to be powered by batteries 13;The bottom of the procapsid 20 is curved, the row of being additionally provided with the minimum point of curved bottom
Dirty mouth 23, for periodically discharging the dirt for shaking to fall on screen formula heat exchanger tube 17.
Backwater evaporator 9 is additionally provided with the CWR road of engine 2 to radiator 1, is started for reclaiming
The heat of machine cooling water backwater, its cooling source is derived from the centre tap of low-temperature circulating pump 11, it is heated after centre tap come out
R245fa return to the porch of intermediate extraction superheater 12.The centre tap of the relatively low low-temperature circulating pump 11 of pressure is led to
Backwater evaporator cools down the backwater of engine cooling water, and the heat of cooling water backwater on the one hand can be reclaimed well, on the other hand
Have more preferably compared to individually setting up a circulation or drawing cooling medium from the outlet of low-temperature circulating pump 11 and high temperature circulation pump 10
Energy-saving effect.
It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling 19 between low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, opened in system
At dynamic initial stage, because exhaust temperature is relatively low, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange loop reaches vapour prior to the water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop
Change temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 starts first, while driving high temperature 7 low speed of multistage expansion turbine pre- by shaft coupling 19
Rotate, can so effectively reduce the startup pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, shorten the startup time, due to now high temperature
Medium temperature in multistage expansion turbine 7 is very low, and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 length of blade compared with low temperature multiple expansion
The length of blade of machine 8 is small, the air blast friction very little of blade, almost can be without considering;When system stops, high temperature multistage turbine
The coasting operation first of expanding machine 7 is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 to slow down by shaft coupling 19, to reduce cryogenic expansion machine 8
Idling time, because the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also higher, now primarily serve reduction low temperature multistage
The air blast friction of expanding machine 8, the effect for preventing blade from overheating.
One end of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is connected with batteries 13, and batteries 13 are used to store by expanding machine
The electric energy that kinetic energy is transformed.The technology of the electric energy of battery is converted energy on expanding machine, due to prior art
It is very ripe, it will not be repeated here.Batteries 13 are connected with inverter and frequency converter 15, and inverter is used for the direct current of battery
Electric inversion is alternating current, and frequency converter is used to drive backpressure regulation blower fan 14 and adjusts its rotating speed.Energy recycle device is to engine 2
Influence can raise the exhaust back pressure of engine 2 when essentially consisting in engine exhaust by heater in system, and be vented
Power consumption increase when back pressure rise can cause the engine piston waste gas is released to cylinder, therefore set backpressure regulation blower fan 14 can be with
Effectively lower and control the back pressure of engine 2, during operation, feed back to adjust backpressure regulation wind by the pressure at expulsion detected
The rotating speed of machine 14 is so as to adjust back pressure in optimum value, while this drive the side of blower fan using the energy of of batteries 13 itself
Formula has the advantages that not needing external power supply.
Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 pass through high temperature inlet valve and low temperature air inlet valve (figure respectively
Not shown in) adjust respective throttle flow.The high temperature inlet valve that uses and the stability of flow area of low temperature air inlet valve for 30%~
100% metered flow, either low-temperature heat exchange loop or high temperature heat-exchanging loop, the control of pump and the control of expanding machine, first
The flow of working medium is adjusted by pump, the control to working medium temperature at expander inlet is realized, is expanded when flow changes
Machine must make corresponding adjustment to match flow, if the operation of expanding machine is mismatched with flow, can not only remain stable
Evaporating pressure, the operation of expanding machine can not also keep stable, while according to the characteristic of high temperature inlet valve and low temperature inlet valve, adopting
Adjusted with pressure and speed adjusts the control mode being engaged:When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are more than
During 30% respective metered flow, high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve keep standard-sized sheet to avoid restriction loss, by adjusting high temperature
The rotating speed of circulating pump 10 or low-temperature circulating pump 11 changes exerting oneself for expanding machine;When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange loop
When circular flow is less than 30% respective metered flow, the control characteristic of inlet valve during due to low discharge is unstable, keeps high temperature
Circulating pump 10 or the rotating speed of low-temperature circulating pump 11 are constant, and expansion is adjusted by controlling the aperture of high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve
Machine is exerted oneself.
It is simple and practical in the harvesting device of this embodiment, it can realize that the automatic harvesting storage of agriculture thing is easy to operate,
And engine exhaust energy secondary can be utilized, energy-conserving and environment-protective;The exhaust gas recovery system of engine is devised, according to different temperatures section
Heat recovery demand and medium evaporating temperature and the difference of heat transfer characteristic, followed in high temperature section and low-temperature zone using different
Ring medium, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole;By the way that the relatively low low-temperature circulating pump centre tap of pressure is drawn
Go out to backwater evaporator 9 to cool down the backwater of engine cooling water, cooling water can be reclaimed simultaneously reclaiming motor exhaust used heat
Heat, and energy-saving effect is obvious;Screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube that a kind of suitable tail gas heat exchange is used is redesigned, both just
In cleaning, heat exchange efficiency is added again;Pass through recovering energy part for driving back pressure by inverter and frequency converter 15
Blower fan 14, and the rotating speed of the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower fan 14 according to exhaust back pressure are adjusted, is driven realizing without extraneous power supply
By backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration while dynamic blower fan, investment and space hold are greatlyd save;It is multistage using high temperature
The intergrade of turbo-expander 7 is drawn gas, and drawing gas for this part is expanded by one section in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7
Journey, is heated into the medium R245fa before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 using its remaining heat, on the one hand can ensured
R245fa effective vaporization, on the other hand can improve the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion loop, it is to avoid cold source energy, so as to improve
The whole efficiency of energy recycle device;It is same by shaft coupling 19 between low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7
Axle is connected, and at the initial stage started in system, because exhaust temperature is relatively low, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange loop exchanges heat back prior to high temperature
Water in road reaches vapourizing temperature, and low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while driving high temperature multistage turbine by shaft coupling 19
The low speed of expanding machine 7 is rotated in advance, can so effectively reduce the startup pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, shortens the startup time,
When system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage to expand by shaft coupling 19
Machine 8 slows down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine 8, because the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also higher,
The air blast friction for reducing low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 is now primarily served, the effect for preventing blade from overheating;According to different flow works
The consideration of inlet valve control characteristic and restriction loss under condition, devises the control mode that a kind of rotating speed and inlet valve are combined,
The stability of regulation is maintained while reducing restriction loss.The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are tail
The 2/3 of gas discharge duct overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is 4 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade, which is drawn gas, is derived from high temperature multistage turbine
The 2nd grade of expanding machine 7, heat recovery efficiency improves 4.5%, achieves unexpected effect.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of tail gas recycle type harvesting device as shown in Figure 1, including harvesting wheel 24, cutter 25, induced-draught fan 26, conveying
Pipe 27, storaging bucket 28, scraper bowl 29 and engine power retracting device, the harvesting wheel 24 are arranged on the front end of scraper bowl 29, cutting
Knife 25 is arranged on the lower section of harvesting wheel 24, and induced-draught fan 26 is arranged on the bottom of harvesting device;Agriculture thing is in harvesting wheel 24 and cutter
It is incorporated into the presence of 25 in scraper bowl 29, negative-pressure sucking is formed by scraper bowl 29 in harvesting device when induced-draught fan 26 is operated
Agriculture material is transported in storaging bucket 28 by delivery pipe 27;The harvesting device is driven by engine 2.
As shown in Fig. 2 engine power retracting device is used for the energy for reclaiming motor exhaust, it includes radiator 1, hair
Motivation 2, backwater evaporator 9, high temperature heat-exchanging loop, low-temperature heat exchange loop, batteries 13, inverter and frequency converter 15 and back pressure
Adjust blower fan 14.Radiator 1 is connected with engine 2, and the heat of engine 2 is transferred to radiator 1 by radiator 1 by cooling water
On, and pass through the surface radiating of radiator 1.The tail gas of engine 2 sequentially pass through backpressure regulation blower fan 14, high-temperature evaporator 5,
Cryogenic vaporizer 6 discharges air after cooling down.
High temperature heat-exchanging loop includes high temperature circulation pump 10, high-temperature evaporator 5, the high temperature multistage expansion turbine being sequentially connected
7 and warm condenser 3, the medium of flowing is water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop, and high-temperature evaporator 5 is arranged on after backpressure regulation blower fan 14
High-temperature tail gas pipeline on, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM cooled down through warm condenser 3 is squeezed into by high temperature circulation pump 10 and is used in high-temperature evaporator 5
The tail gas of cooling down high-temperature tail gas section, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM after heating then passes through high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 and done work, heat energy is changed
For the mechanical energy of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7.
Low-temperature heat exchange loop include be sequentially connected low-temperature circulating pump 11, cryogenic vaporizer 6, intermediate extraction superheater 12,
The medium flowed in low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and low-temperature condenser 4, low-temperature heat exchange loop is R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer 6 is installed
Further to reclaim the heat of tail gas on the low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after high-temperature evaporator 5, cooled down through low-temperature condenser 6
Medium R245fa is squeezed into cryogenic vaporizer 6 by low-temperature circulating pump 11, and the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM after heating passes through intermediate extraction superheater 12
Done work afterwards by low temperature multiple expansion engine 8, convert heat energy into the mechanical energy of low temperature multistage expanding machine 8.Inventor sends out through research
It is existing, in energy recycle device, with water as medium and with R245fa is as the effect of both media and differs, the evaporation of water
Evaporating temperature of the temperature than R245fa is higher by much, therefore is adapted to use in the tail gas section of high temperature;And in the tail gas of low temperature
R245fa is used in section as medium, its evaporation acting is more beneficial for.In addition, this will under the conditions of different pressure and temperatures
Both media are used in combination, and the heat exchange efficiency of system can be also improved on the whole.Intermediate extraction superheater 12 is pipe type heat transfer
Device, intergrade of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is drawn gas, and this part is drawn gas in high temperature multistage turbine
By one section of expansion process in expanding machine 7, heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8
R245fa, on the one hand can ensure R245fa effective vaporization, on the other hand can improve the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion loop,
Cold source energy is avoided, so as to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device.Specifically drawing gas series can be according to two expanding machine
In different condition ranges determine.Also include regulating valve 16, regulating valve 16 is according to the R245fa after intermediate extraction superheater 12
Pressure feedback in temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, for adjusting the flow that intergrade is drawn gas, works as intermediate extraction
R245fa temperature feedbacks value after superheater 12 is more than or less than the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting
During value, the aperture of big regulating valve 16 is turned down or opens automatically, while when the pressure feedback value in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is small
When pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting, automatic blocking regulating valve 16 is opened (forbids it to continue greatly
Open big), to prevent exerting oneself for high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 too low, the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting
The method that pressure atresia value in angle value and the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting passes through experiment according to different concrete conditions
It is manually set, the intergrade after heating, which is drawn gas, is back to high temperature recuperated cycle loop (not shown).In this embodiment, take
The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are the 1/2 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine
7 be 5 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade, which is drawn gas, is derived from the 3rd level of high temperature multistage expansion turbine.
As shown in Figure 3,4, it is contemplated that more how long impurity in tail gas, which is not easy to clear up after use, easily blocks,
And heat exchange efficiency is taken into account, high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 use the new structure of screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube,
The inlet side of tail gas, using the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17 being staggered in arrangement, so most tail gas impurity is blocked in screen formula and changed
On heat pipe 17, during cleaning easily, while being staggered in arrangement also can effectively reduce the flow resistance of tail gas;And use spiral shell in the second half section
Heat exchanger tube 18 is revolved, heat exchange efficiency is improved to strengthen flow perturbation.The cooling source of warm condenser 3 and low-temperature condenser 4 can take
From air-conditioning refrigerant, other low-temperature receivers can also be derived from, because the after-heat of this part is few, as long as can meet to change
Medium in hot loop, which is re-cooled to liquid, prevents high temperature circulation pump 10 and low-temperature circulating pump 11 from vaporizing.The high temperature steams
Hair device 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 are integrally provided in the heat exchange housing of drum type brake, and heat exchange housing is led to by procapsid 20 and back casing 21
Cross bolt 22 and fasten and form, the length of procapsid 20 is identical with the horizontal length of screen formula heat exchanger tube 17, the length of back casing 21 and
The horizontal length of spiral heat exchange tube 18 is identical;Multiple vibrator (not shown)s are provided with the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17, are shaken
Device is made to be powered by batteries 13;The bottom of the procapsid 20 is curved, the row of being additionally provided with the minimum point of curved bottom
Dirty mouth 23, for periodically discharging the dirt for shaking to fall on screen formula heat exchanger tube 17.
Backwater evaporator 9 is additionally provided with the CWR road of engine 2 to radiator 1, is started for reclaiming
The heat of machine cooling water backwater, its cooling source is derived from the centre tap of low-temperature circulating pump 11, it is heated after centre tap come out
R245fa return to the porch of intermediate extraction superheater 12.The centre tap of the relatively low low-temperature circulating pump 11 of pressure is led to
Backwater evaporator cools down the backwater of engine cooling water, and the heat of cooling water backwater on the one hand can be reclaimed well, on the other hand
Have more preferably compared to individually setting up a circulation or drawing cooling medium from the outlet of low-temperature circulating pump 11 and high temperature circulation pump 10
Energy-saving effect.
It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling 19 between low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, opened in system
At dynamic initial stage, because exhaust temperature is relatively low, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange loop reaches vapour prior to the water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop
Change temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 starts first, while driving high temperature 7 low speed of multistage expansion turbine pre- by shaft coupling 19
Rotate, can so effectively reduce the startup pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, shorten the startup time, due to now high temperature
Medium temperature in multistage expansion turbine 7 is very low, and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 length of blade compared with low temperature multiple expansion
The length of blade of machine 8 is small, the air blast friction very little of blade, almost can be without considering;When system stops, high temperature multistage turbine
The coasting operation first of expanding machine 7 is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 to slow down by shaft coupling 19, to reduce cryogenic expansion machine 8
Idling time, because the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also higher, now primarily serve reduction low temperature multistage
The air blast friction of expanding machine 8, the effect for preventing blade from overheating.
One end of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is connected with batteries 13, and batteries 13 are used to store by expanding machine
The electric energy that kinetic energy is transformed.The technology of the electric energy of battery is converted energy on expanding machine, due to prior art
It is very ripe, it will not be repeated here.Batteries 13 are connected with inverter and frequency converter 15, and inverter is used for the direct current of battery
Electric inversion is alternating current, and frequency converter is used to drive backpressure regulation blower fan 14 and adjusts its rotating speed.Energy recycle device is to engine 2
Influence can raise the exhaust back pressure of engine 2 when essentially consisting in engine exhaust by heater in system, and be vented
Power consumption increase when back pressure rise can cause the engine piston waste gas is released to cylinder, therefore set backpressure regulation blower fan 14 can be with
Effectively lower and control the back pressure of engine 2, during operation, feed back to adjust backpressure regulation wind by the pressure at expulsion detected
The rotating speed of machine 14 is so as to adjust back pressure in optimum value, while this drive the side of blower fan using the energy of of batteries 13 itself
Formula has the advantages that not needing external power supply.
Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 pass through high temperature inlet valve and low temperature air inlet valve (figure respectively
Not shown in) adjust respective throttle flow.The high temperature inlet valve that uses and the stability of flow area of low temperature air inlet valve for 30%~
100% metered flow, either low-temperature heat exchange loop or high temperature heat-exchanging loop, the control of pump and the control of expanding machine, first
The flow of working medium is adjusted by pump, the control to working medium temperature at expander inlet is realized, is expanded when flow changes
Machine must make corresponding adjustment to match flow, if the operation of expanding machine is mismatched with flow, can not only remain stable
Evaporating pressure, the operation of expanding machine can not also keep stable, while according to the characteristic of high temperature inlet valve and low temperature inlet valve, adopting
Adjusted with pressure and speed adjusts the control mode being engaged:When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are more than
During 30% respective metered flow, high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve keep standard-sized sheet to avoid restriction loss, by adjusting high temperature
The rotating speed of circulating pump 10 or low-temperature circulating pump 11 changes exerting oneself for expanding machine;When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange loop
When circular flow is less than 30% respective metered flow, the control characteristic of inlet valve during due to low discharge is unstable, keeps high temperature
Circulating pump 10 or the rotating speed of low-temperature circulating pump 11 are constant, and expansion is adjusted by controlling the aperture of high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve
Machine is exerted oneself.
It is simple and practical in the harvesting device of this embodiment, it can realize that the automatic harvesting storage of agriculture thing is easy to operate,
And engine exhaust energy secondary can be utilized, energy-conserving and environment-protective;The exhaust gas recovery system of engine is devised, according to different temperatures section
Heat recovery demand and medium evaporating temperature and the difference of heat transfer characteristic, followed in high temperature section and low-temperature zone using different
Ring medium, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole;By the way that the relatively low low-temperature circulating pump centre tap of pressure is drawn
Go out to backwater evaporator 9 to cool down the backwater of engine cooling water, cooling water can be reclaimed simultaneously reclaiming motor exhaust used heat
Heat, and energy-saving effect is obvious;Screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube that a kind of suitable tail gas heat exchange is used is redesigned, both just
In cleaning, heat exchange efficiency is added again;Pass through recovering energy part for driving back pressure by inverter and frequency converter 15
Blower fan 14, and the rotating speed of the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower fan 14 according to exhaust back pressure are adjusted, is driven realizing without extraneous power supply
By backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration while dynamic blower fan, investment and space hold are greatlyd save;It is multistage using high temperature
The intergrade of turbo-expander 7 is drawn gas, and drawing gas for this part is expanded by one section in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7
Journey, is heated into the medium R245fa before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 using its remaining heat, on the one hand can ensured
R245fa effective vaporization, on the other hand can improve the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion loop, it is to avoid cold source energy, so as to improve
The whole efficiency of energy recycle device;It is same by shaft coupling 19 between low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7
Axle is connected, and at the initial stage started in system, because exhaust temperature is relatively low, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange loop exchanges heat back prior to high temperature
Water in road reaches vapourizing temperature, and low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while driving high temperature multistage turbine by shaft coupling 19
The low speed of expanding machine 7 is rotated in advance, can so effectively reduce the startup pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, shortens the startup time,
When system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage to expand by shaft coupling 19
Machine 8 slows down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine 8, because the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also higher,
The air blast friction for reducing low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 is now primarily served, the effect for preventing blade from overheating;According to different flow works
The consideration of inlet valve control characteristic and restriction loss under condition, devises the control mode that a kind of rotating speed and inlet valve are combined,
The stability of regulation is maintained while reducing restriction loss.The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are tail
The 1/2 of gas discharge duct overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is 5 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade, which is drawn gas, is derived from high temperature multistage turbine
The 3rd level of expanding machine 7, heat recovery efficiency improves 5%, achieves unexpected effect.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of tail gas recycle type harvesting device as shown in Figure 1, including harvesting wheel 24, cutter 25, induced-draught fan 26, conveying
Pipe 27, storaging bucket 28, scraper bowl 29 and engine power retracting device, the harvesting wheel 24 are arranged on the front end of scraper bowl 29, cutting
Knife 25 is arranged on the lower section of harvesting wheel 24, and induced-draught fan 26 is arranged on the bottom of harvesting device;Agriculture thing is in harvesting wheel 24 and cutter
It is incorporated into the presence of 25 in scraper bowl 29, negative-pressure sucking is formed by scraper bowl 29 in harvesting device when induced-draught fan 26 is operated
Agriculture material is transported in storaging bucket 28 by delivery pipe 27;The harvesting device is driven by engine 2.
As shown in Fig. 2 engine power retracting device is used for the energy for reclaiming motor exhaust, it includes radiator 1, hair
Motivation 2, backwater evaporator 9, high temperature heat-exchanging loop, low-temperature heat exchange loop, batteries 13, inverter and frequency converter 15 and back pressure
Adjust blower fan 14.Radiator 1 is connected with engine 2, and the heat of engine 2 is transferred to radiator 1 by radiator 1 by cooling water
On, and pass through the surface radiating of radiator 1.The tail gas of engine 2 sequentially pass through backpressure regulation blower fan 14, high-temperature evaporator 5,
Cryogenic vaporizer 6 discharges air after cooling down.
High temperature heat-exchanging loop includes high temperature circulation pump 10, high-temperature evaporator 5, the high temperature multistage expansion turbine being sequentially connected
7 and warm condenser 3, the medium of flowing is water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop, and high-temperature evaporator 5 is arranged on after backpressure regulation blower fan 14
High-temperature tail gas pipeline on, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM cooled down through warm condenser 3 is squeezed into by high temperature circulation pump 10 and is used in high-temperature evaporator 5
The tail gas of cooling down high-temperature tail gas section, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM after heating then passes through high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 and done work, heat energy is changed
For the mechanical energy of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7.
Low-temperature heat exchange loop include be sequentially connected low-temperature circulating pump 11, cryogenic vaporizer 6, intermediate extraction superheater 12,
The medium flowed in low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and low-temperature condenser 4, low-temperature heat exchange loop is R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer 6 is installed
Further to reclaim the heat of tail gas on the low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after high-temperature evaporator 5, cooled down through low-temperature condenser 6
Medium R245fa is squeezed into cryogenic vaporizer 6 by low-temperature circulating pump 11, and the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM after heating passes through intermediate extraction superheater 12
Done work afterwards by low temperature multiple expansion engine 8, convert heat energy into the mechanical energy of low temperature multistage expanding machine 8.Inventor sends out through research
It is existing, in energy recycle device, with water as medium and with R245fa is as the effect of both media and differs, the evaporation of water
Evaporating temperature of the temperature than R245fa is higher by much, therefore is adapted to use in the tail gas section of high temperature;And in the tail gas of low temperature
R245fa is used in section as medium, its evaporation acting is more beneficial for.In addition, this will under the conditions of different pressure and temperatures
Both media are used in combination, and the heat exchange efficiency of system can be also improved on the whole.Intermediate extraction superheater 12 is pipe type heat transfer
Device, intergrade of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is drawn gas, and this part is drawn gas in high temperature multistage turbine
By one section of expansion process in expanding machine 7, heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8
R245fa, on the one hand can ensure R245fa effective vaporization, on the other hand can improve the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion loop,
Cold source energy is avoided, so as to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device.Specifically drawing gas series can be according to two expanding machine
In different condition ranges determine.Also include regulating valve 16, regulating valve 16 is according to the R245fa after intermediate extraction superheater 12
Pressure feedback in temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, for adjusting the flow that intergrade is drawn gas, works as intermediate extraction
R245fa temperature feedbacks value after superheater 12 is more than or less than the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting
During value, the aperture of big regulating valve 16 is turned down or opens automatically, while when the pressure feedback value in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is small
When pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting, automatic blocking regulating valve 16 is opened (forbids it to continue greatly
Open big), to prevent exerting oneself for high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 too low, the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting
The method that pressure atresia value in angle value and the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting passes through experiment according to different concrete conditions
It is manually set, the intergrade after heating, which is drawn gas, is back to high temperature recuperated cycle loop (not shown).In this embodiment, take
The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are the 2/5 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine
7 be 5 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade, which is drawn gas, is derived from the 2nd grade of high temperature multistage expansion turbine.
As shown in Figure 3,4, it is contemplated that more how long impurity in tail gas, which is not easy to clear up after use, easily blocks,
And heat exchange efficiency is taken into account, high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 use the new structure of screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube,
The inlet side of tail gas, using the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17 being staggered in arrangement, so most tail gas impurity is blocked in screen formula and changed
On heat pipe 17, during cleaning easily, while being staggered in arrangement also can effectively reduce the flow resistance of tail gas;And use spiral shell in the second half section
Heat exchanger tube 18 is revolved, heat exchange efficiency is improved to strengthen flow perturbation.The cooling source of warm condenser 3 and low-temperature condenser 4 can take
From air-conditioning refrigerant, other low-temperature receivers can also be derived from, because the after-heat of this part is few, as long as can meet to change
Medium in hot loop, which is re-cooled to liquid, prevents high temperature circulation pump 10 and low-temperature circulating pump 11 from vaporizing.The high temperature steams
Hair device 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 are integrally provided in the heat exchange housing of drum type brake, and heat exchange housing is led to by procapsid 20 and back casing 21
Cross bolt 22 and fasten and form, the length of procapsid 20 is identical with the horizontal length of screen formula heat exchanger tube 17, the length of back casing 21 and
The horizontal length of spiral heat exchange tube 18 is identical;Multiple vibrator (not shown)s are provided with the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17, are shaken
Device is made to be powered by batteries 13;The bottom of the procapsid 20 is curved, the row of being additionally provided with the minimum point of curved bottom
Dirty mouth 23, for periodically discharging the dirt for shaking to fall on screen formula heat exchanger tube 17.
Backwater evaporator 9 is additionally provided with the CWR road of engine 2 to radiator 1, is started for reclaiming
The heat of machine cooling water backwater, its cooling source is derived from the centre tap of low-temperature circulating pump 11, it is heated after centre tap come out
R245fa return to the porch of intermediate extraction superheater 12.The centre tap of the relatively low low-temperature circulating pump 11 of pressure is led to
Backwater evaporator cools down the backwater of engine cooling water, and the heat of cooling water backwater on the one hand can be reclaimed well, on the other hand
Have more preferably compared to individually setting up a circulation or drawing cooling medium from the outlet of low-temperature circulating pump 11 and high temperature circulation pump 10
Energy-saving effect.
It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling 19 between low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, opened in system
At dynamic initial stage, because exhaust temperature is relatively low, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange loop reaches vapour prior to the water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop
Change temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 starts first, while driving high temperature 7 low speed of multistage expansion turbine pre- by shaft coupling 19
Rotate, can so effectively reduce the startup pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, shorten the startup time, due to now high temperature
Medium temperature in multistage expansion turbine 7 is very low, and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 length of blade compared with low temperature multiple expansion
The length of blade of machine 8 is small, the air blast friction very little of blade, almost can be without considering;When system stops, high temperature multistage turbine
The coasting operation first of expanding machine 7 is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 to slow down by shaft coupling 19, to reduce cryogenic expansion machine 8
Idling time, because the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also higher, now primarily serve reduction low temperature multistage
The air blast friction of expanding machine 8, the effect for preventing blade from overheating.
One end of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is connected with batteries 13, and batteries 13 are used to store by expanding machine
The electric energy that kinetic energy is transformed.The technology of the electric energy of battery is converted energy on expanding machine, due to prior art
It is very ripe, it will not be repeated here.Batteries 13 are connected with inverter and frequency converter 15, and inverter is used for the direct current of battery
Electric inversion is alternating current, and frequency converter is used to drive backpressure regulation blower fan 14 and adjusts its rotating speed.Energy recycle device is to engine 2
Influence can raise the exhaust back pressure of engine 2 when essentially consisting in engine exhaust by heater in system, and be vented
Power consumption increase when back pressure rise can cause the engine piston waste gas is released to cylinder, therefore set backpressure regulation blower fan 14 can be with
Effectively lower and control the back pressure of engine 2, during operation, feed back to adjust backpressure regulation wind by the pressure at expulsion detected
The rotating speed of machine 14 is so as to adjust back pressure in optimum value, while this drive the side of blower fan using the energy of of batteries 13 itself
Formula has the advantages that not needing external power supply.
Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 pass through high temperature inlet valve and low temperature air inlet valve (figure respectively
Not shown in) adjust respective throttle flow.The high temperature inlet valve that uses and the stability of flow area of low temperature air inlet valve for 30%~
100% metered flow, either low-temperature heat exchange loop or high temperature heat-exchanging loop, the control of pump and the control of expanding machine, first
The flow of working medium is adjusted by pump, the control to working medium temperature at expander inlet is realized, is expanded when flow changes
Machine must make corresponding adjustment to match flow, if the operation of expanding machine is mismatched with flow, can not only remain stable
Evaporating pressure, the operation of expanding machine can not also keep stable, while according to the characteristic of high temperature inlet valve and low temperature inlet valve, adopting
Adjusted with pressure and speed adjusts the control mode being engaged:When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are more than
During 30% respective metered flow, high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve keep standard-sized sheet to avoid restriction loss, by adjusting high temperature
The rotating speed of circulating pump 10 or low-temperature circulating pump 11 changes exerting oneself for expanding machine;When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange loop
When circular flow is less than 30% respective metered flow, the control characteristic of inlet valve during due to low discharge is unstable, keeps high temperature
Circulating pump 10 or the rotating speed of low-temperature circulating pump 11 are constant, and expansion is adjusted by controlling the aperture of high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve
Machine is exerted oneself.
It is simple and practical in the harvesting device of this embodiment, it can realize that the automatic harvesting storage of agriculture thing is easy to operate,
And engine exhaust energy secondary can be utilized, energy-conserving and environment-protective;The exhaust gas recovery system of engine is devised, according to different temperatures section
Heat recovery demand and medium evaporating temperature and the difference of heat transfer characteristic, followed in high temperature section and low-temperature zone using different
Ring medium, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole;By the way that the relatively low low-temperature circulating pump centre tap of pressure is drawn
Go out to backwater evaporator 9 to cool down the backwater of engine cooling water, cooling water can be reclaimed simultaneously reclaiming motor exhaust used heat
Heat, and energy-saving effect is obvious;Screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube that a kind of suitable tail gas heat exchange is used is redesigned, both just
In cleaning, heat exchange efficiency is added again;Pass through recovering energy part for driving back pressure by inverter and frequency converter 15
Blower fan 14, and the rotating speed of the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower fan 14 according to exhaust back pressure are adjusted, is driven realizing without extraneous power supply
By backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration while dynamic blower fan, investment and space hold are greatlyd save;It is multistage using high temperature
The intergrade of turbo-expander 7 is drawn gas, and drawing gas for this part is expanded by one section in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7
Journey, is heated into the medium R245fa before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 using its remaining heat, on the one hand can ensured
R245fa effective vaporization, on the other hand can improve the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion loop, it is to avoid cold source energy, so as to improve
The whole efficiency of energy recycle device;It is same by shaft coupling 19 between low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7
Axle is connected, and at the initial stage started in system, because exhaust temperature is relatively low, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange loop exchanges heat back prior to high temperature
Water in road reaches vapourizing temperature, and low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while driving high temperature multistage turbine by shaft coupling 19
The low speed of expanding machine 7 is rotated in advance, can so effectively reduce the startup pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, shortens the startup time,
When system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage to expand by shaft coupling 19
Machine 8 slows down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine 8, because the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also higher,
The air blast friction for reducing low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 is now primarily served, the effect for preventing blade from overheating;According to different flow works
The consideration of inlet valve control characteristic and restriction loss under condition, devises the control mode that a kind of rotating speed and inlet valve are combined,
The stability of regulation is maintained while reducing restriction loss.The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are tail
The 2/5 of gas discharge duct overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is 5 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade, which is drawn gas, is derived from high temperature multistage turbine
The 2nd grade of expanding machine 7, heat recovery efficiency improves 5.5%, achieves unexpected effect.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of tail gas recycle type harvesting device as shown in Figure 1, including harvesting wheel 24, cutter 25, induced-draught fan 26, conveying
Pipe 27, storaging bucket 28, scraper bowl 29 and engine power retracting device, the harvesting wheel 24 are arranged on the front end of scraper bowl 29, cutting
Knife 25 is arranged on the lower section of harvesting wheel 24, and induced-draught fan 26 is arranged on the bottom of harvesting device;Agriculture thing is in harvesting wheel 24 and cutter
It is incorporated into the presence of 25 in scraper bowl 29, negative-pressure sucking is formed by scraper bowl 29 in harvesting device when induced-draught fan 26 is operated
Agriculture material is transported in storaging bucket 28 by delivery pipe 27;The harvesting device is driven by engine 2.
As shown in Fig. 2 engine power retracting device is used for the energy for reclaiming motor exhaust, it includes radiator 1, hair
Motivation 2, backwater evaporator 9, high temperature heat-exchanging loop, low-temperature heat exchange loop, batteries 13, inverter and frequency converter 15 and back pressure
Adjust blower fan 14.Radiator 1 is connected with engine 2, and the heat of engine 2 is transferred to radiator 1 by radiator 1 by cooling water
On, and pass through the surface radiating of radiator 1.The tail gas of engine 2 sequentially pass through backpressure regulation blower fan 14, high-temperature evaporator 5,
Cryogenic vaporizer 6 discharges air after cooling down.
High temperature heat-exchanging loop includes high temperature circulation pump 10, high-temperature evaporator 5, the high temperature multistage expansion turbine being sequentially connected
7 and warm condenser 3, the medium of flowing is water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop, and high-temperature evaporator 5 is arranged on after backpressure regulation blower fan 14
High-temperature tail gas pipeline on, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM cooled down through warm condenser 3 is squeezed into by high temperature circulation pump 10 and is used in high-temperature evaporator 5
The tail gas of cooling down high-temperature tail gas section, the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM after heating then passes through high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 and done work, heat energy is changed
For the mechanical energy of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7.
Low-temperature heat exchange loop include be sequentially connected low-temperature circulating pump 11, cryogenic vaporizer 6, intermediate extraction superheater 12,
The medium flowed in low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and low-temperature condenser 4, low-temperature heat exchange loop is R245fa, and cryogenic vaporizer 6 is installed
Further to reclaim the heat of tail gas on the low temperature exhaust gas pipeline after high-temperature evaporator 5, cooled down through low-temperature condenser 6
Medium R245fa is squeezed into cryogenic vaporizer 6 by low-temperature circulating pump 11, and the WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM after heating passes through intermediate extraction superheater 12
Done work afterwards by low temperature multiple expansion engine 8, convert heat energy into the mechanical energy of low temperature multistage expanding machine 8.Inventor sends out through research
It is existing, in energy recycle device, with water as medium and with R245fa is as the effect of both media and differs, the evaporation of water
Evaporating temperature of the temperature than R245fa is higher by much, therefore is adapted to use in the tail gas section of high temperature;And in the tail gas of low temperature
R245fa is used in section as medium, its evaporation acting is more beneficial for.In addition, this will under the conditions of different pressure and temperatures
Both media are used in combination, and the heat exchange efficiency of system can be also improved on the whole.Intermediate extraction superheater 12 is pipe type heat transfer
Device, intergrade of the heat source from high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is drawn gas, and this part is drawn gas in high temperature multistage turbine
By one section of expansion process in expanding machine 7, heated using its remaining heat into the medium before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8
R245fa, on the one hand can ensure R245fa effective vaporization, on the other hand can improve the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion loop,
Cold source energy is avoided, so as to improve the whole efficiency of energy recycle device.Specifically drawing gas series can be according to two expanding machine
In different condition ranges determine.Also include regulating valve 16, regulating valve 16 is according to the R245fa after intermediate extraction superheater 12
Pressure feedback in temperature feedback and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, for adjusting the flow that intergrade is drawn gas, works as intermediate extraction
R245fa temperature feedbacks value after superheater 12 is more than or less than the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting
During value, the aperture of big regulating valve 16 is turned down or opens automatically, while when the pressure feedback value in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is small
When pressure atresia value in the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting, automatic blocking regulating valve 16 is opened (forbids it to continue greatly
Open big), to prevent exerting oneself for high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 too low, the R245fa temperature after the intermediate extraction superheater 12 of setting
The method that pressure atresia value in angle value and the high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 of setting passes through experiment according to different concrete conditions
It is manually set, the intergrade after heating, which is drawn gas, is back to high temperature recuperated cycle loop (not shown).In this embodiment, take
The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are the 2/7 of exhaust pipe road overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine
7 be 6 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade, which is drawn gas, is derived from the 3rd level of high temperature multistage expansion turbine.
As shown in Figure 3,4, it is contemplated that more how long impurity in tail gas, which is not easy to clear up after use, easily blocks,
And heat exchange efficiency is taken into account, high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 use the new structure of screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube,
The inlet side of tail gas, using the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17 being staggered in arrangement, so most tail gas impurity is blocked in screen formula and changed
On heat pipe 17, during cleaning easily, while being staggered in arrangement also can effectively reduce the flow resistance of tail gas;And use spiral shell in the second half section
Heat exchanger tube 18 is revolved, heat exchange efficiency is improved to strengthen flow perturbation.The cooling source of warm condenser 3 and low-temperature condenser 4 can take
From air-conditioning refrigerant, other low-temperature receivers can also be derived from, because the after-heat of this part is few, as long as can meet to change
Medium in hot loop, which is re-cooled to liquid, prevents high temperature circulation pump 10 and low-temperature circulating pump 11 from vaporizing.The high temperature steams
Hair device 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 are integrally provided in the heat exchange housing of drum type brake, and heat exchange housing is led to by procapsid 20 and back casing 21
Cross bolt 22 and fasten and form, the length of procapsid 20 is identical with the horizontal length of screen formula heat exchanger tube 17, the length of back casing 21 and
The horizontal length of spiral heat exchange tube 18 is identical;Multiple vibrator (not shown)s are provided with the screen formula heat exchanger tube 17, are shaken
Device is made to be powered by batteries 13;The bottom of the procapsid 20 is curved, the row of being additionally provided with the minimum point of curved bottom
Dirty mouth 23, for periodically discharging the dirt for shaking to fall on screen formula heat exchanger tube 17.
Backwater evaporator 9 is additionally provided with the CWR road of engine 2 to radiator 1, is started for reclaiming
The heat of machine cooling water backwater, its cooling source is derived from the centre tap of low-temperature circulating pump 11, it is heated after centre tap come out
R245fa return to the porch of intermediate extraction superheater 12.The centre tap of the relatively low low-temperature circulating pump 11 of pressure is led to
Backwater evaporator cools down the backwater of engine cooling water, and the heat of cooling water backwater on the one hand can be reclaimed well, on the other hand
Have more preferably compared to individually setting up a circulation or drawing cooling medium from the outlet of low-temperature circulating pump 11 and high temperature circulation pump 10
Energy-saving effect.
It is coaxially connected by shaft coupling 19 between low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, opened in system
At dynamic initial stage, because exhaust temperature is relatively low, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange loop reaches vapour prior to the water in high temperature heat-exchanging loop
Change temperature, low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 starts first, while driving high temperature 7 low speed of multistage expansion turbine pre- by shaft coupling 19
Rotate, can so effectively reduce the startup pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, shorten the startup time, due to now high temperature
Medium temperature in multistage expansion turbine 7 is very low, and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 length of blade compared with low temperature multiple expansion
The length of blade of machine 8 is small, the air blast friction very little of blade, almost can be without considering;When system stops, high temperature multistage turbine
The coasting operation first of expanding machine 7 is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 to slow down by shaft coupling 19, to reduce cryogenic expansion machine 8
Idling time, because the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also higher, now primarily serve reduction low temperature multistage
The air blast friction of expanding machine 8, the effect for preventing blade from overheating.
One end of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is connected with batteries 13, and batteries 13 are used to store by expanding machine
The electric energy that kinetic energy is transformed.The technology of the electric energy of battery is converted energy on expanding machine, due to prior art
It is very ripe, it will not be repeated here.Batteries 13 are connected with inverter and frequency converter 15, and inverter is used for the direct current of battery
Electric inversion is alternating current, and frequency converter is used to drive backpressure regulation blower fan 14 and adjusts its rotating speed.Energy recycle device is to engine 2
Influence can raise the exhaust back pressure of engine 2 when essentially consisting in engine exhaust by heater in system, and be vented
Power consumption increase when back pressure rise can cause the engine piston waste gas is released to cylinder, therefore set backpressure regulation blower fan 14 can be with
Effectively lower and control the back pressure of engine 2, during operation, feed back to adjust backpressure regulation wind by the pressure at expulsion detected
The rotating speed of machine 14 is so as to adjust back pressure in optimum value, while this drive the side of blower fan using the energy of of batteries 13 itself
Formula has the advantages that not needing external power supply.
Low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 pass through high temperature inlet valve and low temperature air inlet valve (figure respectively
Not shown in) adjust respective throttle flow.The high temperature inlet valve that uses and the stability of flow area of low temperature air inlet valve for 30%~
100% metered flow, either low-temperature heat exchange loop or high temperature heat-exchanging loop, the control of pump and the control of expanding machine, first
The flow of working medium is adjusted by pump, the control to working medium temperature at expander inlet is realized, is expanded when flow changes
Machine must make corresponding adjustment to match flow, if the operation of expanding machine is mismatched with flow, can not only remain stable
Evaporating pressure, the operation of expanding machine can not also keep stable, while according to the characteristic of high temperature inlet valve and low temperature inlet valve, adopting
Adjusted with pressure and speed adjusts the control mode being engaged:When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange circuit cycle flow are more than
During 30% respective metered flow, high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve keep standard-sized sheet to avoid restriction loss, by adjusting high temperature
The rotating speed of circulating pump 10 or low-temperature circulating pump 11 changes exerting oneself for expanding machine;When high temperature heat-exchanging loop or low-temperature heat exchange loop
When circular flow is less than 30% respective metered flow, the control characteristic of inlet valve during due to low discharge is unstable, keeps high temperature
Circulating pump 10 or the rotating speed of low-temperature circulating pump 11 are constant, and expansion is adjusted by controlling the aperture of high temperature inlet valve or low temperature inlet valve
Machine is exerted oneself.
It is simple and practical in the harvesting device of this embodiment, it can realize that the automatic harvesting storage of agriculture thing is easy to operate,
And engine exhaust energy secondary can be utilized, energy-conserving and environment-protective;The exhaust gas recovery system of engine is devised, according to different temperatures section
Heat recovery demand and medium evaporating temperature and the difference of heat transfer characteristic, followed in high temperature section and low-temperature zone using different
Ring medium, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency of system on the whole;By the way that the relatively low low-temperature circulating pump centre tap of pressure is drawn
Go out to backwater evaporator 9 to cool down the backwater of engine cooling water, cooling water can be reclaimed simultaneously reclaiming motor exhaust used heat
Heat, and energy-saving effect is obvious;Screen formula-spiral heat exchange tube that a kind of suitable tail gas heat exchange is used is redesigned, both just
In cleaning, heat exchange efficiency is added again;Pass through recovering energy part for driving back pressure by inverter and frequency converter 15
Blower fan 14, and the rotating speed of the feedback regulation backpressure regulation blower fan 14 according to exhaust back pressure are adjusted, is driven realizing without extraneous power supply
By backpressure regulation and energy regenerating integration while dynamic blower fan, investment and space hold are greatlyd save;It is multistage using high temperature
The intergrade of turbo-expander 7 is drawn gas, and drawing gas for this part is expanded by one section in high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7
Journey, is heated into the medium R245fa before low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 using its remaining heat, on the one hand can ensured
R245fa effective vaporization, on the other hand can improve the mechanical efficiency in low-temperature expansion loop, it is to avoid cold source energy, so as to improve
The whole efficiency of energy recycle device;It is same by shaft coupling 19 between low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 and high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7
Axle is connected, and at the initial stage started in system, because exhaust temperature is relatively low, the R245fa in low-temperature heat exchange loop exchanges heat back prior to high temperature
Water in road reaches vapourizing temperature, and low temperature multistage expanding machine starts first, while driving high temperature multistage turbine by shaft coupling 19
The low speed of expanding machine 7 is rotated in advance, can so effectively reduce the startup pressure of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7, shortens the startup time,
When system stops, the coasting operation first of high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is slowed down, while driving low temperature multistage to expand by shaft coupling 19
Machine 8 slows down, to reduce the idling time of cryogenic expansion machine 8, because the medium temperature in stopped process in expanding machine is also higher,
The air blast friction for reducing low temperature multistage expanding machine 8 is now primarily served, the effect for preventing blade from overheating;According to different flow works
The consideration of inlet valve control characteristic and restriction loss under condition, devises the control mode that a kind of rotating speed and inlet valve are combined,
The stability of regulation is maintained while reducing restriction loss.The distance between high-temperature evaporator 5 and cryogenic vaporizer 6 L are tail
The 2/7 of gas discharge duct overall length, high temperature multistage expansion turbine 7 is 6 grades of expanding machines, and intergrade, which is drawn gas, is derived from high temperature multistage turbine
The 3rd level of expanding machine 7, heat recovery efficiency improves 6%, achieves unexpected effect.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to present invention guarantor
The limitation of scope is protected, although being explained with reference to preferred embodiment to the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the art should
Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent substitution, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and scope.