CN105594176A

CN105594176A - Methods and systems for transmitting packets through network interfaces

Info

Publication number: CN105594176A
Application number: CN201380077958.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋浩伟; 吴锦超; 梁允俊
Original assignee: Pismo Labs Technology Ltd
Current assignee: Pismo Labs Technology Ltd
Priority date: 2013-07-05
Filing date: 2013-07-05
Publication date: 2016-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-05
Also published as: WO2015001395A1; GB201418211D0; GB2519237B; CN105594176B; GB2519237A

Abstract

A method carried out by a first communications device for transmitting data packets is disclosed, wherein the first communications device comprises a plurality of network interfaces. Data packets are transmitted through a first network interface when a first condition is satisfied, and through a second network interface when a second condition is satisfied. In one of the embodiments, the plurality of network interfaces are classified into a plurality of groups of network interfaces according to a first group of conditions, and the first network interface and the second network interface belong to two different groups of network interfaces.

Description

By the method and system of network interface transmission package

Technical field

Present invention relates in general to the field of computer network. Or rather, the present invention relates to comprising multiple network interfacesThe method and system of the first communications router place transmission packet. Based on whether meeting some condition, by one or more networksInterface transmission packet.

Background technology

Many wide area networks (WAN) site-to-site vpn router is to support to concentrate multiple interconnection (for example,, for accessThe WAN of one or more remote private networks connects) the router of bandwidth. In some embodiments, each TCP/IPSession is only routed to a WAN. In this configuration, single TCP file delivery session only can be utilized one in each terminalThe bandwidth that individual WAN connects. For example, in the session connecting based on site-to-site VPN (VPN), VPNMultiple WAN that flow is for example routed to, between two websites (, website A and B) connect.

In one embodiment, between WAN connects, initially form M × N tunnel, wherein M and N are respectively stationsThe number that some A is connected with the WAN network of website B. Subsequently via different tunnel route application program TCP/IP sessions.But, although it should be noted that the session based on site-to-site vpn can utilize different tunnels for different sessions,That single download session in the connection of this type only can utilize a tunnel.

Transmit the handling capacity of session in order to improve forms data, created route pattern to attempt for single TCP/IP session profitWith multiple WAN connections. In some cases, implement channel bonding. For example, the station of the binding on many wan routersPoint is distributed to multiple tunnels from the data of single TCP/IP session in connecting to website VPN. In these are arranged, rootCorresponding upstream or downstream bandwidth according to M × N tunnel is utilized described tunnel, and the individual session sending via these tunnelsIn the amount of data and each bandwidth ratio in tunnel distribute pro rata. But these solutions still fail to consider some tunnelsRoad shall not be applied to transmission data because of one or more conditions. In addition, these solutions also reckon without some network interfaces notCan meet one or more conditions, and therefore those network interfaces shall not be applied to transmission data.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the invention provides by becoming first group to set up end-to-end connection and at least one the end-to-end link sort of having set upOrganize non-first group and set up device, the system and method that the end-to-end connection of having set up is selected in end-to-end connection, wherein first groupSet up end-to-end connection and met all one or more conditions, and wherein at least one group non-first group set up end-to-end companyConnect all one or more conditions that do not meet. By using multiple conditions, embodiments of the invention can select to have met barPacket is transmitted in the end-to-end connection of having set up of part, and does not transmit with undesirable end-to-end connection of having set upPacket.

According to one embodiment of present invention, in the time meeting first condition, communicator transmits packet by first network interface,And in the time meeting second condition, communicator is by second network interface transmission packet. According to one embodiment of present invention,In the time connecting by first network interface, meet first condition. So second network interface is as backup network interface, when theWhen one network interface fails to meet first condition, communicator will use second network interface. In order to allow to use fast the second netNetwork interface, by via described network interface periodically transmission package maintain the active state of second network interface.

According to one embodiment of present invention, in the time meeting Article 3 part, by second network interface error correction packets, supervisory packet and/Or packet. This allows to utilize second network interface to improve overall network handling capacity. According to one embodiment of present invention, asFruit detects the packet loss of predefined number within the time predefined cycle at first network interface, meet Article 3 part.

According to one embodiment of present invention, if meet Article 4 part, communicator stops transmitting by second network interfacePacket, and start by first network interface transmission packet. Article 4 part based within the time predefined cycle at the second netThe predefined number of network interface packet loss.

Detailed description of the invention

Below explanation only provides preferred illustrative embodiment and exemplary embodiment, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, is suitable forProperty or configuration. In fact, the following explanation of preferred illustrative embodiment and exemplary embodiment will be those skilled in the artEffective explanation of implementing preferred illustrative embodiment of the present invention is provided. Should be understood that and do not departing from as in appended claimsIn the situation of the spirit and scope of the present invention of setting forth, can make the various variations of function and the layout of element.

Equally, it should be noted that embodiment can be described as process, process is depicted as flow chart, flow chart, DFD, knotComposition or block diagram. Although flow chart can be described as sequential process by operation, many operations can walk abreast or carry out simultaneously.In addition, the order of operation can rearrange. In the time that operation completes, process stops, but process can have and is not included in figureIn other step. Process can be corresponding with method, function, step, subroutine, subprogram etc. When process and function phaseTo at once, it stops turning back to call function with described function or principal function is corresponding.

In addition,, as disclosed herein, term " from storage device " and " main storage " can represent for storing one of dataIndividual or multiple devices, comprise read-only storage (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic ram, magnetic core storageDevice, magnetic disc storage media, optic storage medium, flash memory device and/or other machine-readable medium for the information of storing.Term " machine-readable medium " including but not limited to portable or fixed-storage device, optical storage, wireless channel andCan store, contain or carry various other media of instruction and/or data. Machine-readable medium can be realized by virtual,And can be virtual machine readable media, be included in the virtual machine readable media in the example based on cloud.

In addition, embodiment can be come by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or its any combinationImplement. In the time implementing with software, firmware, middleware or microcode, carry out program code or the code segment of necessary task and can storeIn the machine-readable mediums such as such as medium. Processing unit can be carried out necessary task. Processing unit can be CPU,ASIC semiconductor chip, semiconductor chip, logical block, digital processing unit, analog processor, FPGA maybe can carry out and patrolCollect any processor with arithmetic function. Code segment can represent step, function, subprogram, program, routine, subroutine,Module, software kit, classification, or any combination of instruction, data structure or program statement. A code segment can be by transmittingAnd/or reception information, data, independent variable, parameter or memory content are coupled to another code segment or hardware circuit. Information, fromVariable, parameter, data etc. can be any suitable via comprising Memory Sharing, message transmission, token transmission, Internet Transmission etc.Mode transmit, forward or transmit. Processing unit can be realized by virtual, and can be Virtual Processing Unit, comprisesVirtual Processing Unit in the example based on cloud.

End-to-end connection can be used Connection-oriented Protocol (for example, transmission control protocol (TCP)) or connectionless protocol (exampleAs, UDP (UDP)) transmit packet. Contain for the well-known protocol package of disposing end-to-end connectionThe point of Level 2 Tunnel Protocol (L2TP), Secure Shell (SSH) agreement, multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) and MicrosoftTo point tunneling protocol (PPTP). The connection that is connected to network interface be optical fiber, Ethernet, ATM, frame relay, T1/E1.IPv4,The forms such as IPv6, wireless technology, Wi-Fi, WiMax, high-speed packet access technology, 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE).

Network interface can be virtual network interface, is included in the virtual network interface in the example based on cloud.

Figure 1A shows according to the network environment of in multiple embodiment of the present invention. Communications router 106 and the road of communicating by letterSet up concentrated end-to-end connection 103 by device 108. The end-to-end connection 103 of concentrating comprises multiple end-to-end connections of having set up.Multiple end-to-end connections of having set up are divided into multiple groups. For explanation better, group 103A represents first group of end of having set upTo end connect, group 103B represent second group of end-to-end connection of having set up, and group 103C represent not belong to first group builtVertical end-to-end connection or second group of all other of having set up end-to-end connection have been set up end-to-end connection. Herein will in follow-up detailsDiscuss in more detail and divide 103A, 103B or 103C in groups by setting up end-to-end connection. Alternatively, multiple set up end-to-endConnect and be divided into multiple groups.

According to one in multiple embodiment, communications router 106 and 108 has one or more network interfaces. Communication routeDevice 106 is set up multiple described via one or more network interfaces of its one or more network interfaces and communications router 108Set up end-to-end connection.

In one in multiple embodiment, setting up after end-to-end connection is divided into group 103A, 103B and 103C,By communications router 106, according to the condition of the user of communications router 106, manufacturer or Administrator, via differencePacket is transmitted in the end-to-end connection of setting up of group.

In one in multiple embodiment, setting up after end-to-end connection is divided into group 103A, 103B and/or 103C,By communications router 106, according to the class of the condition of the user of communications router 106, manufacturer or Administrator and bagType, transmits dissimilar bag via the end-to-end connection of setting up on the same group not.

The end-to-end connection of concentrating

Set up end-to-end connection and concentrated, combined or bound together to form a concentrated end-to-end connection multiple, for exampleThe end-to-end connection 103 of concentrating. Be understood by those skilled in the art that, exist various ways concentrate, combine or bind manyIndividually set up end-to-end connection to form a concentrated end-to-end connection. The end-to-end connection of concentrating used its session or answeredBe considered as an end-to-end connection by program. The end-to-end connection of concentrating can be regarded as tunnel, VPN or connection modeOr connection-oriented connectionless-mode. The end-to-end connection 103 of for example, concentrating is that TCP connects. In another example, collectionIn end-to-end connection 103 be UDP connect. In another example, the end-to-end connection of concentrating is concentrating of multiple tunnels,And each tunnel links between communications router 106 and communications router 108. That concentrates in another example, is end-to-endConnecting 103 is vpn tunnelings, comprises multiplely having set up end-to-end connection, and has eachly set up the end-to-end communication road that is connected toLink by between device 106 and communications router 108.

Conventionally, communications router 106 installs to the data envelope that is derived from transmitting main frame at least one packet. For ease of reading,The packet that is derived from transmitting main frame is called as raw data packets. Transmitting main frame can pass through cable, wireless connections, near field connection biographyDefeated or be connected to communications router 106 by other network equipment. When receiving, communications router 108 encapsulates initial dataWhen the packet of bag, communications router 108 by raw data packets from described packet decapsulation and then raw data packets is turnedBe dealt into Receiving Host or node.

Exist various ways that raw data packets is encapsulated into by the packet sending by communications router 106. Exactly,Communications router 106 can use known two layers and/or Layer 3 Tunneling Protocol (for example, Level 2 Tunnel Protocol (L2TP)And generic route encapsulation (GRE) agreement) between its logical endpoints, tunnel transmits raw data packets. In the case, oneOr multiple tunnel headers are prepended to packet to transmit rightly described packet along virtual circuit. Multiprotocol label switching(MPLS) agreement can be used as tunneling mechanism, for set up the network of two layers of virtual circuit or three layers by IP networkVPN。

Communications router 106 can use TCP, UDP or other communication protocol as the communication protocol of setting up end-to-end connection.One of maximum challenge facing in the time using end-to-end connection of concentrating is among setting up end-to-end connection, to receivePacket rearrangement because the packet receiving may arrive communications router 108 disorderly. If communications routerThe packet receiving is too early delivered to Receiving Host, the packet that Receiving Host may not yet receive those so by 108Those packets are considered as lost data packets, even if finally can arrive. A kind of method that overcomes this challenge is when communications router 106While transmitting packet to communications router 108, communications router 106 is sequence number of each allocation of packets. Communication routeDevice 108 then can be resequenced packet according to described sequence number.

Between communications router 106 and communications router 108, can there are one or more concentrated end-to-end connections. EachWhat the end-to-end connection of concentrating had himself sets up end-to-end connection. For example, first end-to-end connection of concentrating can haveSet up end-to-end connection for ten, set up end-to-end connection and second concentrated end-to-end connection can have five. FirstThe end-to-end connection of concentrating and second concentrated end-to-end connection can not be used the identical end-to-end connection of setting up.

Fig. 5 is for example, showing according to the communications router of in multiple embodiment of the present invention (, communications router 106)Meaning property block diagram. Communications router 106 comprises processing unit 502, main storage 503, system bus 504, from storage device505 and multiple network interface 506. Processing unit 502 and main storage 503 are connected to each other directly. System bus 504 willProcessing unit 502 is directly or indirectly connected to from storage device 505 and multiple network interface 506. Use system bus 504 canAllow communications router 106 to there is higher modularity. System bus 504 is coupled to processing unit 502 from storage device 505With multiple network interfaces 506. System bus 504 can be any in polytype bus structures, comprise memory bus,Peripheral bus and use any the local bus in multiple bus architecture. Store by processing unit from storage device 505502 programmed instruction of carrying out. From the further storage condition of storage device 505, be wherein divided into difference by setting up end-to-end connectionGroup depends on that whether set up end-to-end connection eligible.

Fig. 4 show according to one in multiple embodiment how to divide arborescence in groups by setting up end-to-end connection. ?Set up end-to-end connection 400 and be illustrated in for example, between two network nodes (, communications router 106 and 108) all builtVertical end-to-end connection. Meet the end-to-end connection of setting up of the condition in first group is assigned to first group and has set up end-to-end companyConnect in 410. Do not meet and be assigned to being assigned to first group of end-to-end connection of setting up of having set up the condition of end-to-end connection 410Set up end-to-end connection 420 for non-first group. In a modification, non-first group set up end-to-end connection 420 further byBeing divided into second group has set up end-to-end connection 421 and non-the first/the second group and has set up end-to-end connection 422. Do not meet and will be assigned toThe end-to-end connection of setting up of second group of condition of having set up end-to-end connection 421 is assigned to non-the first/the second group of built vertical end and arrivesEnd connects 422. In a modification, do not set up end-to-end connection by non-first group and be further divided into second group of built vertical end and arriveEnd connect 421 and non-the first/the second group set up end-to-end connection 422. Therefore omit second group and set up end-to-end connection 421.

In order to be divided into not on the same group setting up end-to-end connection, communications router determines whether set up end-to-end connection meets someCondition. According to one in multiple embodiment, classify to transmit certain by the end-to-end connection of setting up that belongs to a certain groupThe bag of a little types, and use the bag of setting up end-to-end connection and transmit other type in other group. According in multiple embodimentOne, once complete classification, just group is carried out to classification, make to use to there is a group of highest ranking and set up end-to-end connectionTransmit the packet with limit priority.

In one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, when there are multiple built vertical ends in first group has been set up end-to-end connectionWhile connection to end, working load balancing technique or any other allow distribute and transmit number among having set up end-to-end connection multipleAccording to the technology of bag, distributed data bag arriving by described multiple built vertical ends among first group multiple have set up end-to-end connectionEnd connects transmission packet. It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that and exist many technology to use multiple end-to-end companies that set upConnect transmission packet. Also can apply constructed other group set up end-to-end connection in distributed data bag.

Figure 1B shows the system 100 of adjusting according to embodiment, and it is configured to by being adjusted in the tunnel during data transfer sessionsRoad bandwidth weighting pattern is optimized the handling capacity of multiple bandwidth varyings connections of binding. System 100 comprises multiple website 102 Hes104, each website comprises at least one communications router 106 and 108. Communications router 106 and 108 can be implemented as manyWan router, it supports to concentrate the bandwidth of multiple Internet connections. Communications router 106 and 108 connects via network 110Connect. Network 110 can comprise LAN (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) (MAN), wide area network (WAN), wireless network, public friendshipChange telephone network (PSTN), internet, intranet, extranet etc.

Website 102 and router one 06 can comprise that M is connected 112, and website 104 and router one 08 can comprise that N is individualConnect 114. Connecting 112 and 114 is to be connected for the data of the interior transmission information of network 110 between website 102 and 104.In illustrated embodiment, M equal 3 and N equal 2; But these values can change according to required router and configurationBecome. Connect 112 and 114 and can there is similar or different bandwidth capacitys. In addition, connecting 112 and 114 can comprise notWAN of the same type connects, such as WiFi, cable, DSL, T1,3G, 4G, satellite connection etc. It shall yet further be noted that stationPoint 102 and website 104 can be considered to transmitter or receiver, and can about functional discussion of arbitrary websiteTo implement on another website. In other words, system 100 may be embodied as symmetrical network.

Fig. 2 A shown the high-level flowchart of the operation of system 100, and it has described the handling capacity of the connection for improving bindingMethod 200. Should be appreciated that, the concrete function providing in Fig. 2 A, the order of function etc. is intended that showing according to concept of the present inventionExample operation. Therefore, concept herein can be implemented by the mode different from the mode of illustrated embodiment.

At square 201 places of illustrated embodiment, when setting up between router one 02 and 104, being connected of binding is (for example logicalCross the site-to-site vpn connection of implementing binding) time, M × N virtual channel 116 can be created. Virtual channel 116 is rightThe unique arrangement that should connect to form in the network of the network connection of website 102 and website 104.

The end-to-end connection 103 of concentrating is equivalent to M × N virtual channel 116, because router one 06 and 108 is concentrated M × NIndividual virtual channel 116 is to form concentrated end-to-end connection 103. M × N virtual channel 116 is divided into group 103A, 103BAnd 103C.

At square 202 places of illustrated embodiment, for determining and/or distribution default-weight in tunnel. In order to determine default-weight,Embodiment exchanges and is connected 112 and 114 uplink and downlink bandwidth data between website 102 and 104. Use this band data,Can be according to calculate default-weight to get off: the downlink bandwidth of supposing the connection 1 to m of website 102 be d1, d2 ...,Dm, and the upstream bandwidth of the connection 1 to n of website 104 be u1, u1 ..., un; Connection X and the website of website 102The default-weight in the tunnel between 104 connection Y can be defined as DW (x, y), wherein DW (x, y)=dxuy.

Calculate default-weight by above method, if connect 112-1 to 112-3 be have 10M/6M, 8M/4M andThe WAN of many wan routers of corresponding upstream bandwidth/downlink bandwidth of 6M/6M connects, and connection 114-1 to 114-2 isThe WAN with many wan routers of corresponding upstream bandwidth/downlink bandwidth of 7M/5M and 9M/3M is connected, so eachThe respective default weight in tunnel will be as follows:

Table 0001

For website 102	For website 104
		DW(1,1)＝6*7＝42	DW(1,1)＝5*10＝50
DW(1,2)＝6*9＝54	DW(1,2)＝5*8＝40
		DW(2,1)＝4*7＝28	DW(1,3)＝5*6＝30
DW(2,2)＝4*9＝36	DW(2,1)＝3*10＝30
		DW(3,1)＝6*7＝42	DW(2,2)＝3*8＝24
DW(3,2)＝6*9＝54	DW(2,3)＝3*6＝18

It should be noted that can conceive other calculates the mode of default-weight, and be only above the embodiment of embodiments of the inventionExample. It should be noted that the initial bandwidth that can define with many different weighting patterns tunnel. For example, may wish only to makeWith the downlink capacity of receiving station and the up-link capacity of transmitting station to the tunnel weighting in a direction. Be used for being characterized in bindingAny weighting pattern of the tunnel capacity at the place of mechanism connecting can be for object of the present invention.

In the time bag slave site 102 routes being sent to website 104 according to embodiment, will be with the effectively ratio of weight EW (x, y) of basisBag is distributed to tunnel by rate. Initially, effective weight of embodiment is arranged to equal default-weight, EW (x, y)=DW (x, y),And if the bandwidth in tunnel 116 remains unchanged from initial setting up, distribute for bag so, described effective weight is for bag pointCloth the best. But, if user have there is the TCP session in one or more tunnels of abandoning packet loss in just via bindingNetwork connect download file, the entire throughput of so described session will decline sharp. This situation, this part ground be becauseDiscarded packets will be held and be continued to cause that TCP retransmits, and the flow-control of TCP will maintain lower throughput, even without discarded packetsTunnel is not fully occupied.

A kind of effective means that improves handling capacity can be to avoid this type of packet loss. In order to do like this, in the side of illustrated embodimentPiece 203 places, raising or reduction that when embodiments of the invention are just experiencing packet loss to tunnel are distinguished. At square 204 places,Embodiment is further used for revising effective weight in the tunnel that is just experiencing or experiencing packet loss change. Can monitor continuously orMonitor packet loss information based on the special time cycle. Once determine that tunnel is just experiencing unacceptable packet loss (square 204-1),At square 204-2 place, illustrated embodiment just reduces effective weight in tunnel. In certain embodiments, unacceptable canCan mean that packet loss is non-zero number amount, and other embodiment can determine that unacceptable ratio is appointing except predefined threshold valueWhat ratio. Embodiment in mode progressively, in a continuous manner, the mode such as to become one times of ratio with the raising of packet loss and reduceImplement these reductions. In the time reducing in mode gradually, embodiment can continue to monitor tunnel to optimize and implementsThe amount reducing.

Can set up or monitor tunnel 116 by sending heartbeat packet via each tunnel of router one 06 or router one 08.In certain embodiments, in the time that receiving terminal failed to receive heartbeat packet from tunnel in a period of time, it will be seen described tunnelMake descending and described tunnel and will not be used in routing traffic. If heartbeat packet starts to be received again, can re-establish soDescribed tunnel together with other tunnel weighting. Thus, be dropped in wrapping in tunnel and effective power in described tunnel allHeavily be reduced in zero situation, embodiment can utilize heartbeat packet to monitor and re-establish connection.

In addition,, in the time of its respective bandwidth of tunnel restoration all or part of, for example, determine that packet loss reduces (square 204-3)Time, illustrated embodiment is for improving effective weight (square 204-4) in this type of tunnel to fully or more fully utilizeDescribed bandwidth. The predetermined step-length that uses some embodiment improves effective weight in tunnel until recover effective weight accurately. Other is realExecute example to improve pro rata effective weight with the bandwidth of up-to-date measurement, the bandwidth of up-to-date measurement can be corresponding to the packet loss of up-to-date measurementRate. In addition, embodiment can improve based on predetermined linearity or index ratio effective weight in tunnel.

After regulating effective weight in tunnel, or after determining without adjusting, at square 205 places of illustrated embodimentThe weighting pattern of renewal system. This renewal can comprise any information after treatment of storage, in further processing, use this type of letterCease, make system inoperation etc. For example, the processing of carrying out about square 205 can be used within a period of time, weighting pattern being gotMean value is to alleviate the mistake being extremely associated with high transient state. In addition, can in system 100, use upgrade after information withThe bag that Update Table transmits session distributes, as discussed about Fig. 2 B. System 100 can connect in whole data transfer sessionsContinue ground or periodically continue implementation step 203 to 205.

Fig. 2 B shows wherein after implementing method of weighting 200 at least part of amended weight distribution bag based on tunnelEmbodiment. Specifically, the square 206 of illustrated embodiment passes through the definite weighting mould of operation of method 200 in order to basisFormula distributes and wraps across tunnel. In certain embodiments, this distribution will change in whole data transfer sessions, therefore the step of Fig. 2 BSuddenly can repeat to illustrate. Some embodiment change bag at every turn and distribute in the time upgrading system at square 205 places. In addition, square 205 canPeriodically implement to change with the threshold value that makes to change in response to some loss ratios etc. Should be appreciated that, by the operation of method 200Determine weight and at square 206 places, determined weight is applied to bag distribution and can there is different periodicity. For example, sideMethod 200 can be with to provide the renewal of weighting pattern information by relatively short iterative cycles, the distribution of bag is used longerIterative cycles change based on this type of weighting pattern information.

In order to monitor the bandwidth in each tunnel 116, each the transmitted IP of various Information encapsulations for some embodiments of the present inventionBag. Fig. 3 shows an example embodiment, and its displaying has been anticipated and can be encapsulated into the information 300 of encapsulation in transmitted IP bagThe example embodiment of type. Version field 302 can contain about the information of utilized protocol version and protocol type field303 can contain the protocol type of the bag of net load. In general, the value of this field is by the Ethernet protocol type corresponding to bag.But value in addition can define in other document. Tunnel id field 304 can be 32 bit fields and can contain usefulThe identifier in the current tunnel wrapping with identification IP. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) initialization vector field 306 can be 32Field and can contain AES encrypt initialization vector. Global sequence's field 308 can be 32 bit fields and passableContain sequence number, described sequence number is used for occurring from their corresponding tunnel at each bag of the bag when being used for each sessionIn time, resequences described each bag for suitable order. Every tunnel sequence-number field 310 can be 32 bit fields, and it can be shownShow and distribute to the sequence number that is routed the each bag that is sent to concrete tunnel. Net load field 312 after AES encrypts can be used forTransmit the net load of IP bag.

Every tunnel sequence number of above discussing can be used for monitoring the discarded packets in tunnel. In one embodiment, receiving terminalOn every tunnel sequence number of the bag that receives by monitoring of router calculate the discarded packets rate in each tunnel in every f secondDR (x, y). DR (x, y) can be characterized by one-period f, misses the sequence number number of loss divided by sequence number recruitment.The length of cycle f can change, and in one embodiment, f equals 5 seconds.

Also can monitor packet loss by other method, for example: transmitter can periodically notify receiving terminal its sendHow many bags; Transmitter sends heartbeat packet every one section of fixed time period to receiving terminal; And receiving terminal can be by prisonThe loss ratio of control heartbeat packet, assess overall loss ratio by obtain loss ratio figure etc. from physical interface/device/layer.

Receiving terminal can feed back the loss ratio in concrete tunnel, effective weight or other band merit to sending router. Work as transmissionWhen device receives about the information of packet loss, some embodiment reduce effective weight in tunnel by EW (x, y) DR (x, y)EW (x, y). Can use other tolerance mark EW (x, y) DR (x, y) to reduce effective weight EW (x, y) in tunnel. Also can useOther metric is revised effective weight in tunnel. In certain embodiments, transmitter can receive feedback, and effective weightThe numerical value that can abandon by being greater than or less than bag rate reduces. Can configure this type of according to the concrete needs of communication system and change changeAmount. Above case representation metric, effective weight in tunnel is reduced to a weight by its trial, to prevent that further abandoning bag losesLose, maximize the module of the weight of the amount of bandwidth available in tunnel simultaneously. Any metric of finding this balance is all preferred.

Fig. 6 A is flow chart, and it shows according to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention be used for and will set up end-to-end companyConnect the process of a group being divided in multiple groups. In order to understand better embodiment, check Fig. 6 A in conjunction with Fig. 5. In step 601In, processing unit 502 is from from storage device 505 search conditions. Classification be based on set up end-to-end connection whether meet examineThe condition that rope arrives.

In step 602, processing unit 502 is determined the built vertical end between communications router 106 and communications router 108Whether eligiblely connect to end.

If in step 602, processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connection meets all conditions, so in step 603In set up end-to-end connection and belong to first group and set up end-to-end connection.

If processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connector closes at least one condition but not all in step 602Part has been set up so end-to-end connection and has been belonged to second group and set up end-to-end connection in step 604.

If processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connector closes one or more specified conditions but be not in step 602All conditions has been set up so end-to-end connection and has been belonged to second group and set up end-to-end connection in step 604.

In a modification, if processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connection does not meet any condition in step 602,In step 605, having set up so end-to-end connection belongs to non-the first/the second group and has set up end-to-end connection. Belong to non-the first/theThe end-to-end connection of setting up of two groups does not belong to first group or second group and has set up end-to-end connection.

In a modification, do not exist second group to set up end-to-end connection, omit step 604. If located in step 602Reason unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connection does not meet all conditions, has set up so end-to-end connection and belong in step 605In non-the first/the second group.

In a modification, in step 601 only from retrieve a condition from storage device 505. If in step 602Processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connection meets described condition, has set up so end-to-end connection and belong in step 603Set up end-to-end connection in first group. If processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connection does not meet in step 602Described condition has been set up so end-to-end connection and has been belonged to non-the first/the second group and set up end-to-end connection in step 605. Step604 omit, because only there is a condition.

In the time that condition is relevant with performance metrics, set up end-to-end connection transmission test data to communications router by using108 determining in carry out step 602. The content of test data is the content based on packet, generation at random at least partlyInterior perhaps one or more benchmark test. The time cycle that sends test data is preferably less than ten seconds, because sent out in ten secondsThe number of the test data of sending is enough to determine the performance in most of networks, for example two-way time, time delay and packet loss.

Alternatively, replace use test data, come by sending packet, error correction/detection bag, supervisory packet or health examination bagBecome determining in step 602. Send health examination bag for safeguarding the end-to-end connection of having set up and having set up to checkThe state of end-to-end connection. In the time transmitting packet for determining in step 602 via each end-to-end connection of having set up,After completing classification, only set up end-to-end connection transmission packet via particular group. In one in multiple embodiment,From communications router 108 receptivity reports, and described performance report is in order to determine whether the end-to-end connection of having set up meetsThe condition relevant with performance. Can by multiple set up end-to-end connection successively, one by one, with group, synchronously or almost synchronouslyTransmitting test data. In a modification, determining at least partly based on being stored in from storage device 505 in step 602The analysis content of information or described information. Alternatively, by using in historical data or History Performance Data completing steps 602Determine. History data store is in from storage device 505. In step 602 with historical data determine set up end-to-endConnecting the whether example of qualified situation is, when described condition is when being used module. For example,, if built vertical endThe use connecting to end not yet reaches a certain restriction, and it is eligible so, and if its use has reached or approached a certainRestriction, it is ineligible so. Therefore need to monitor service condition and using the data of service condition as history data storeFrom storage device 505.

In a modification, by point-to-point protocol (PPP), frame relay protocol, address resolution protocol (ARP) or any itsIts data link layer protocol uses bis-layers of bag of OSI to send test data. Alternatively, by transmission control protocol (TCP), useUser data report agreement (UDP) or ICMP (ICMP) use Internet protocol (IP) bag to send test numberAccording to. Use LTE agreement if set up end-to-end connection, use so 1 type or 2 type LTE frames to send test data. ReplaceDai Di, uses ethernet frame to send test data. Alternatively, the form of test data be based in part on retrieved condition withAnd the communication protocol of the end-to-end connection of having set up.

In one in multiple embodiment, calculate the scoring of setting up end-to-end connection based on eligible. Built vertical end arrivesEnd connection must meet the condition of minimal amount and set up end-to-end connection to belong to one group. Minimal amount can be by communication roadUser, manufacturer or keeper by device 106 predefine. For example, have five conditions, having set up end-to-end connection will belong toIt is three in first group of minimal amount of having set up the required condition meeting of end-to-end connection. If processing unit 502 has been determinedSet up end-to-end connector and be bonded to few three conditions, so set up end-to-end connection and belonged to first group and set up end-to-end connection.If processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connection does not meet at least three conditions, has so set up end-to-end connection and has belonged toSet up end-to-end connection for non-first group. In a modification, set up end-to-end connection and will belong to second group and set up end-to-endThe minimal amount that connects the required condition meeting is two. If processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connection does not meetAt least three conditions, are bonded to few two conditions but set up end-to-end connector, have so set up end-to-end connection and have belonged to secondGroup has been set up end-to-end connection. Exist multiple technologies to apply to set up end-to-end connection and will belong to a certain group of required bar meetingThe combination of part. Can configure group according to their preference by the user of communications router 106, manufacturer or network managerClose. Concerning user useful be can configuration condition various combination because may need different characteristic in different situationsSet up end-to-end connection.

Alternatively, for condition assigns weight to calculate the scoring of setting up end-to-end connection. Complete built vertical end according to scoringConnect and divide in groups to end. For example, there are three conditions, that is, and first condition, second condition and Article 3 part. Distribute to firstThe weight of condition, second condition and Article 3 part is respectively 50,30 and 20. If having set up end-to-end connection only meetsFirst condition, its scoring is 50 so. Only meet second condition if set up end-to-end connection, its scoring is 30 so.Only meet Article 3 part if set up end-to-end connection, its scoring is 20 so. Meet if set up end-to-end connectionOne condition and second condition, its scoring is 80 so. Meet first condition and Article 3 part if set up end-to-end connection,Its scoring is 70 so. Meet second condition and Article 3 part if set up end-to-end connection, its scoring is 50 so.Meet all three conditions if set up end-to-end connection, its scoring is 100 so. Belonging to first group has set up end-to-endConnecting required minimum scoring is 50. Therefore, if processing unit 502 determine and set up commenting of end-to-end connection according to weightPoint be at least five ten, so set up end-to-end connection and belonged to first group and set up end-to-end connection. Weight is used to emphasize someCondition.

In a modification, for being divided into multiple assembly and putting multiple minimum scores setting up end-to-end connection, set up end-to-endThe weight of the condition that the score connecting meets according to it is calculated. Each component is furnished with corresponding minimum scoring, wherein sets upThe scoring of end-to-end connection must exceed or equal to distribute to the corresponding minimum of a group marks to belong to described group. For example, forFirst group, second group, the 3rd group and the 4th group is distributed respectively 70,60,50 and 40 as each self-corresponding minimum obtainingPoint. Have 70 or higher than 70 scoring, it belongs to first group so if set up end-to-end connection. Similarly, ifSet up end-to-end connection and had between 60 to 70, in the scoring between 50 to 60 or between 40 to 50,It belongs to respectively second group, the 3rd group or the 4th group so.

In the time that meeting of some specified conditions is more important than meeting of other condition, user can be that described specified conditions distribution is higherWeight. By distribute higher weight to provide higher priority for described condition for prior condition, not exclusively ignore not simultaneouslyOther too important condition.

In a modification, when there being multiple end-to-end connections of having set up, and enter for one that sets up in end-to-end connectionWhen row classification, communications router 106 has not been set up end-to-end connection with other and has been transmitted data. This can reduce, and other is builtThe interference of vertical end-to-end connection, and therefore more accurately and more effectively classify. Alternatively, when end-to-end for setting upWhen in connection one classifies, communications router 106 continues to have set up end-to-end connection with other and transmits packet.Therefore, just stop the transmission of packet until complete to classify, and therefore communications router 106 participates in transmission packet all the time.This is favourable, because this transmission that can guarantee packet in the time classifying does not exist interruption.

In a modification, to setting up after end-to-end connection classifies, periodically or in the time there is particular event pairIt reclassifies. If the end-to-end connection of setting up from a group has become more or less condition that meets, so described inSet up end-to-end connection and can be assigned to another group. It is suitable that this allows communications router 106 to select in the time that network environment changesSet up end-to-end connection. This for carry by wireless technology to set up end-to-end connection especially even more important because physical ringsThe change in border also may change network performance. Specifically, in order to determine whether set up end-to-end connection must move on to another groupMaybe can remain on time cycle in described group in the scope of two seconds to two minutes. For the built vertical end that uses wired connectionThe time cycle connecting to end is preferably longer than for the time cycle of setting up end-to-end connection that uses wireless connections, because makeSet up conventionally more changeableization of experience of end-to-end connection with wireless connections. Reclassify and carry out more frequently, communications router 106Just can in the time qualified variation being detected, more early move to another group by setting up end-to-end connection from one group. Again divideClass is carried out more not frequently, and the amount of the test pack of required transmission is just fewer.

In order to describe, in second group set up end-to-end connection can its meet for belong to first group condition time belong toIn first group. Similarly, when the end-to-end connection of setting up in first group is failed or stops meeting the condition for belonging to first groupTime, described in removing, set up end-to-end connection from first group. Then, if describedly set up end-to-end connection and met for genusIn the condition of second group, set up end-to-end connection described in so and be subordinated to first group and set up end-to-end connection and become and belong to secondGroup has been set up end-to-end connection. Set up end-to-end connection if described and do not met for the condition that belongs to second group, so described inHaving set up end-to-end connection is subordinated to first group and has set up end-to-end connection and become and belong to non-the first/the second group and set up end-to-end companyConnect. Similarly, end-to-end being connected to when it meets the condition that belongs to first group of setting up in non-the first/the second group becomes and belongs toOne group. Similarly, in non-the first/the second group set up end-to-end be connected to its meet for belong to second group condition but notMeet for belong to first group condition time become and belong to second group. Similarly, if set up end-to-end connection in second groupFail or stop meeting for belonging to second group of required condition, it becomes and belongs to non-the first/the second group so. Therefore, belong toTwo groups or non-the first/the second group set up that backup is carried out in end-to-end connection or fault shifts (failover) function.

Fig. 6 B show according to one in multiple embodiment be divided into multiple groups based on multiple conditions by setting up end-to-end connectionProcess, all modules based on identical of wherein said multiple conditions. For example, described multiple conditions are based on packet delay, itsIt is performance metrics. Described multiple condition by processing unit 502 from retrieving from storage device 505. In order to say betterBright, described multiple Conditional Include first conditions, second condition, Article 3 part, Article 4 part and Article 5 part. If packet delayBe less than respectively 10ms, 20ms, 30ms, 40ms and 50ms, meet so respectively first, second, third, fourth andFive conditions. Multiple groups comprise first group, second group, the 3rd group, the 4th group and undesirable group. In step 611,Processing unit 502 determines whether meet Article 5 part, or rather, whether packet delay is less than 50ms if having set up end-to-end connection.Do not meet Article 5 part if set up end-to-end connection, or rather, if packet delay is not less than 50ms, so in stepIn rapid 621, set up end-to-end connection and belonged to undesirable group. Meet Article 5 part if set up end-to-end connection, moreExactly, if packet delay is less than 50ms, so in step 612, processing unit 502 is determined and has been set up end-to-end companyConnect and whether meet Article 4 part, or rather, whether packet delay is less than 40ms. If having set up end-to-end connection does not meetArticle 4 part or rather, if packet delay is not less than 40ms, has been set up so end-to-end connection and has been belonged in step 622In the 5th group. Meet Article 4 part if set up end-to-end connection, or rather, if packet delay is less than 40ms, thatIn step 613, processing unit 502 determines whether set up end-to-end connection meets Article 3 part, or rather, and bagWhether time delay is less than 30ms. Do not meet Article 3 part if set up end-to-end connection, or rather, if packet delay is notBe less than 30ms, in step 623, set up so end-to-end connection and belonged to the 4th group. If having set up end-to-end connection meetsArticle 3 part, or rather, if packet delay is less than 30ms, in step 614, processing unit 502 has been determined soSet up end-to-end connection and whether meet second condition, or rather, whether packet delay is less than 20ms. If built vertical end arrivesEnd connection does not meet second condition, or rather, if packet delay is not less than 20ms, sets up so in step 624End-to-end connection belongs to the 3rd group. Meet second condition if set up end-to-end connection, or rather, if packet delay is littleIn 20ms, in step 615, processing unit 502 determines whether set up end-to-end connection meets first condition, more soExactly, whether packet delay is less than 10ms. Do not meet first condition if set up end-to-end connection, or rather,If packet delay is not less than 10ms, in step 625, sets up so end-to-end connection and belonged to second group. If built vertical endConnect and meet first condition to end, or rather, if packet delay is less than 10ms, built vertical end in step 626 soConnect and belong to first group to end.

Alternatively, can use the process of implementing Fig. 6 B based on the multiple conditions except packet delay, for example other performance degreeAmount standard, use price, IP address range, maybe can be used for implementing any other modules of multiple threshold values.

The step of Fig. 6 B can successively, synchronously or almost synchronously be carried out. The order of described step can be different from Fig. 6 BIllustrated order.

Fig. 6 C show according to one in multiple embodiment be divided into multiple groups based on multiple conditions by setting up end-to-end connectionProcess. Described multiple condition is stored in from storage device 505. For purposes of illustration, multiple Conditional Include first condition,Second condition, Article 3 part, Article 4 part and Article 5 part. In step 630, set up end-to-end connection and be divided into many multipleIndividual group. If processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connection meets first condition, set up end-to-end connection described in soBelong to first group 631. If processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connection meets second condition, set up described in soEnd-to-end connection belongs to second group 632. If processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connection meets Article 3 part, soDescribedly set up end-to-end connection and belonged to the 3rd group 633. If processing unit 502 determines that having set up end-to-end connection meets the 4thCondition, has set up end-to-end connection described in so and has belonged to the 4th group 634. If determining, processing unit 502 sets up end-to-end companyConnect and meet Article 5 part, set up end-to-end connection described in so and belonged to the 5th group 635.

In a modification, multiple conditions are based on multiple modules, criterion and/or parameter. For example, first condition position-based,Second condition is based on the time, and Article 3 part is based on User Identity, Article 4 part based on security and and Article 5 part based onCommunication protocol. Exceed one if set up the condition that end-to-end connection meets, its group that can belong to can exceed one so.Alternatively, multiple conditions are based on still multiple threshold values of same metric standard, criterion or parameter. For example, described multiple condition based onHandling capacity, it is performance metrics. If set up the throughput value of end-to-end connection in the first scope, met firstCondition. Similarly, if the throughput value of having set up end-to-end connection respectively at second, third, in the 4th and the 5th scope,Meet second, third, the 4th or Article 5 part. Or rather, first, second, third, fourth and fifth scope is completePortion's difference. In another replacement scheme, can use multiple conditions of the part based on except handling capacity to implement Fig. 6 C'sProcess, for example other performance metrics, use price, IP address range, maybe can be used for implementing appointing of multiple numerical thresholdWhat its module, criterion or parameter.

In one in multiple embodiment, the combination based on setting up the condition that end-to-end connection meets is end-to-end by setting upConnect and be divided into multiple groups. For example, the end-to-end connection of setting up that meets the first and second conditions belongs to one group. Meet first,Two and the end-to-end connection of setting up of Article 3 part belong to another group. Similarly, meet the end-to-end connection genus of other conditional combinationIn other group. Need to specifically set up end-to-end connection and transmitting specific data type with what meet specified conditions combinationsBao Shi, having many groups, to have set up end-to-end connection be favourable, wherein can use for wrapping detection (comprising deep-packet detection)All technology detect the bag of specific data type.

In one in multiple embodiment, end-to-end connection will be set up based on setting up the incongruent condition of end-to-end connectionAssign in a certain group. For example, condition is the User Identity based on specifying first user. Set up end-to-end connection determiningUser while being not first user, set up end-to-end connection and belonged to first group. Determining that the user who has set up end-to-end connection isWhen first user, set up end-to-end connection and do not belonged to first group.

In one in multiple embodiment, having set up after end-to-end connection divides in groups multiple by communications router 106,The end-to-end connection of setting up that is not used to transmit packet will be maintained and not be disconnected. In some communication protocols, ifSet up and be end-to-endly connected to certain a period of time and be not used to transmission package, described in disconnecting so, set up end-to-end connection. For fear ofLike this, end-to-end connection transmission maintenance bag, health examination bag or supervisory packet have been set up to maintain described built vertical end by describedSet up to end connection and described in keeping the state that end-to-end connection is established. This guarantees whenever needs make by communications routerSet up end-to-end connection while transmitting packet with described, its can be used for using and do not experience slow.

The description of condition:

In one in multiple embodiment, whether meet some condition and will set up end-to-end company based on setting up end-to-end connectionConnect and be divided into not on the same group. The group of the freely following content composition of described condition choosing: performance metrics, service provider, position,Time, use price, security, User Identity, Internet protocol (IP) address realm, communication protocol, communication skillArt, application program and device. Performance metrics can be trembled based on handling capacity, error rate, packet delay, packet jitter, symbolMoving, service quality, bandwidth, the bit error rate, packet error rate, frame error ratio, abandon bag rate, queueing delay, two-way time, capacity,In signal level, interference level, bandwidth delay product, switching delay time, signal-to-noise ratio and signal to noise ratio one or manyIndividual.

Service provider:

In one in multiple embodiment, condition is the service provider based on setting up end-to-end connection at least partly. For example,Service provider A provides service more reliably than service provider B. Condition can be so so: if built vertical endConnecting to end is that it is eligible from service provider A. Owing to reliability, cost or performance, user can compareIn more preference service provider A of other service provider.

Use module:

In one in multiple embodiment, condition is the use based on limiting for the use of setting up end-to-end connection at least partlyModule. For example, not yet reach use restriction if set up the use of end-to-end connection, it is eligible so, andUse restriction if it uses to have reached or approached, it is ineligible so. As long as use lower than a certain threshold value, great majorityService provider just collects the price that every gigabit is very low, and in the time that use becomes higher than described a certain threshold value, every gigabit ratioSpecial price lattice increase. Therefore,, by making to use restriction to equal described a certain threshold value, the cost of having set up end-to-end connection will be usedRemain on budgetary.

Position:

In one in multiple embodiment, at least part of position-based of condition. For example,, when communications router 106 is in a certain, use some to set up end-to-end connection and may set up end-to-end connection more preferably than other when the position. These preferred endsConnect eligible to end. It is favourable having location-based condition because some set up end-to-end connection can be at someIn position, more preferably, this is mainly owing to the higher signal strength of having set up end-to-end connection in described some position. At anotherIn example, when communications router 106 is in the time that the use of a certain position utilizes first of LTE agreement to set up end-to-end connection, andAnd that utilizes that Wi-Fi connects second has set up end-to-end being connected to while becoming available in described certain some position, based on described position,Communications router 106 can from first set up end-to-end connection be switched to second set up end-to-end connection and carry out network divideStream. Therefore,, in some position, first to have set up end-to-end connection ineligible and second set up end-to-end connection and meetCondition.

Time:

In one in multiple embodiment, condition is at least partly based on the time. For example, locating sometime in the middle of a day,Some have set up end-to-end connection may set up end-to-end connection more preferably than other. These preferred end-to-end connections meetCondition. This embodiment has utilized in peak period and non-peak period and has set up the cost of end-to-end connection, the difference of Performance And Reliability.

Use price:

In one in multiple embodiment, condition is at least partly based on using price. If end-to-end connection has been set up in usePrice exceedes user's price limit, has so set up end-to-end connection ineligible. Set up end-to-end connection if usedPrice be equal to or less than user's price limit, so set up end-to-end connection eligible. Price limit is set for thatThe user who has a bit use to set up the cost budgeting of end-to-end connection is useful. For example, user's price limit is every gigabit ratioSpecial $ 10. Therefore,, if use the price of having set up end-to-end connection to exceed every gigabit 10, so set up end-to-end companyConnect ineligible, and if use the price of having set up end-to-end connection to be less than or equal to every gigabit 10, soSet up end-to-end connection eligible.

Security:

In one in multiple embodiment, condition is at least partly based on security. If it is safe not to have set up end-to-end connection,Or be not the preferred security protocol of user setting up the security protocol using in end-to-end connection, so set up end-to-end companyConnect ineligible. In order to pass authenticity, integrality and the confidentiality of the packet of setting up end-to-end connection transmission,Have and safe set up end-to-end connection to have security be extremely important. The integrality of packet can maintain and guarantee numberAccording to accuracy and the uniformity of the information providing in bag. For the information that prevents from providing in packet is leaked to unwarrantedBody or system, also need the confidentiality of packet. For example, condition is to have set up end-to-end connection must use Encryption Standard AES192. Use AES128 to encrypt if set up end-to-end connection, or use any encryption standard except AES192, thatSet up end-to-end connection ineligible. Use AES192 to encrypt if set up end-to-end connection, so set upEnd-to-end connection is eligible. Alternatively, provide than AES192 more if set up the encryption standard that end-to-end connection usesHigh security measure, for example AES256, has set up end-to-end connection also eligible so.

User Identity:

In one in multiple embodiment, condition is at least partly based on User Identity. For example, use has been set up end-to-endConnect and need user rs authentication. According to user's identify label, can retain the end-to-end connection that some has been set up for certain user.Use if the user of communications router 106 to retain the end-to-end connection of having set up, this has set up end-to-end connector soClose condition. Exceed a user (wherein each user may have use and set up the difference preference of end-to-end connection) havingCommunications router in the condition that has based on User Identity is set is favourable.

IP address range:

In one in multiple embodiment, condition is at least partly based on IP address range. For example, in condition, specify one to beRow IP address, like this, if the end-to-end connection of having set up is described in communications router 106 and IP address do not belong toBetween the network interface of IP address range, set up end-to-end connection described in so ineligible. The end of having set up if describedBe connected to communications router 106 and IP address belongs between the network interface of described IP address range to end, so described builtVertical end-to-end connection is eligible.

Communication protocol:

In one in multiple embodiment, condition is at least partly based on communication protocol. Communication protocol comprises PPP, frame relay associationView, ARP and IP, for example TCP, UDPICMP. For example, user wants use to set up end-to-end connection by specific logicalLetter agreement is transmitted the packet of a certain type. Use described special communication protocol if set up end-to-end connection, so described inSet up end-to-end connection eligible. Set up end-to-end connection if described and do not used described special communication protocol, so instituteState that to set up end-to-end connection ineligible. For example, user wants use to set up end-to-end connection for transmitting PPP informationBag. Use PPP if set up end-to-end connection, so set up end-to-end connection eligible. If set up end-to-endConnect and do not use PPP, so set up end-to-end connection ineligible.

The communication technology:

In one in multiple embodiment, condition is at least partly based on the communication technology. The communication technology comprise wireless technology, Wi-Fi,WiMax, high-speed packet access technology, 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) etc. For example, user wants use to set up end-to-end companyConnect particular communication technology and transmitted the packet of a certain type. Use described specific communications skill if set up end-to-end connectionArt, has set up end-to-end connection described in so eligible. Set up end-to-end connection if described and do not used described specific communicationsTechnology, has set up end-to-end connection described in so ineligible. For purposes of illustration, user wants to use built vertical endConnect and transmit packet by 3GPPLTE technology to end. Therefore, use 3GPPLTE if set up end-to-end connection,So, set up end-to-end connection eligible. Due to the different characteristic of different communication technology, some of some communication technologySpecial characteristic contributes to realize use and has set up the object of end-to-end connection, and the condition therefore arranging based on the communication technology is favourable.

Application program:

In one in multiple embodiment, condition is at least partly based on application program. For example, user wants to use built vertical endConnect data packet transmission to a certain application to end. Be applicable to use in described a certain application if set up end-to-end connection,So, set up end-to-end connection eligible. Alternatively, when known one set up end-to-end connection be applicable to a certain shouldUsed time, if user set up described in wanting to use end-to-end connection by data packet transmission to described a certain application, describedly set upEnd-to-end connection is just eligible.

Device:

In one in multiple embodiment, condition is at least partly based on device. For example, user wants to use such foundationEnd-to-end connection: it is formed between the network interface of the particular type modem that uses specific model. If built vertical endConnecting to end is to form between the network interface of particular type modem that uses specific model, sets up described in soEnd-to-end connection is eligible. In the performance of the described particular type modem of described specific model, use price or reliableProperty better, and be more suitable in transmission user wanting in the situation by the described type of data packet of having set up end-to-end connection transmission,This is favourable. For example, user wants to use by the wireless 4GLTEUSB modem of Verizon (Verizon) 551LThat sets up sets up end-to-end connection. If set up end-to-end connection, communications router 106 is connected to Verizon (Verizon)Wireless 4GLTEUSB modem 551L, has set up end-to-end connection eligible so. In another example, userWant to use and utilize subscriber identity module (SIM) card built that is subscribed to special services provider or there is special services planVertical end-to-end connection. If having set up end-to-end connection uses from described special services provider or has described special services ruleThe SIM of drawing, has set up end-to-end connection described in so eligible. This is in the cost being associated with SIM and reliabilityAspect is favourable.

The classification of group:

In one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, when by set up end-to-end connection be divided into not on the same group (for example, first group,Second group and non-the first/the second group) time, join grade for different component and there is built in the group of higher level so that priorization is usedVertical end-to-end connection transmission package. This priority ordering is important, makes to use and have higher level and the best according to user's preferenceThe end-to-end connection of setting up of feature sends packet. Transmit other with the end-to-end connection of setting up with lower gradeThe bag of type, for example supervisory packet, error correction packets and all non-packets. What therefore, have a higher level sets up end-to-end connectionBe preserved for packet, and their capacity is not filled by the bag of other type. Alternatively, because some keepers mayThink that supervisory packet should have identical with packet or even higher priority with error correction packets, therefore has the built of higher levelVertical end-to-end connection is also in order to transmit the bag of other type. Belonging to concrete group multiple has set up end-to-end connection and has had mutually equalLevel. In a modification, first group of grade of having set up end-to-end connection is the highest. Set up end-to-end connection for non-first groupGrade set up the grade of end-to-end connection lower than first group. Set up end-to-end connection if there be second group, so secondThe grade that group has been set up end-to-end connection is second high. Non-the first/the second group of grade of having set up end-to-end connection is minimum.

Alternatively, exist many groups to set up end-to-end connection, wherein said many groups to have set up end-to-end connection be based on built vertical endConnecting institute to end meets or incongruent condition and creating. Fig. 6 B and Fig. 6 C have specifically illustrated and can how built vertical end have been arrivedEnd connects and is divided into multiple groups.

In a modification, communications router 106 only use first group set up end-to-end connection by data packet transmission to communication roadBy device 108. When first group of capacity of having set up end-to-end connection is while being full, transmit after a while packet. Communications router 106Wait for until first group set up end-to-end connection and there is enough capacity, and then use first group set up end-to-end connection willData packet transmission is to communications router 108. Do like this and can have many reasons. For example, set up end-to-end connection ratio for first groupSet up end-to-end connection more reliably and faster for second group or non-the first/the second group. Therefore, set up end-to-end owing to first groupThe reliability and the speed that connect, user can select to have set up end-to-end connection with first group all the time and transmit packet.

Alternatively, communications router 106 only use first group set up end-to-end connection by data packet transmission to communications router108. When first group of capacity of having set up end-to-end connection is while being full, communications router 106 uses non-first group of built vertical endConnect data packet transmission to communications router 108 to end.

Alternatively, communications router 106 only use first group set up end-to-end connection by data packet transmission to communications router108. When first group of capacity of having set up end-to-end connection is while being full, communications router 106 uses second group of built vertical end to arriveEnd connects data packet transmission to communications router 108. When second group of capacity of having set up end-to-end connection is also when full, straightCan be with just transmitting packet to first group or the second group capacity of having set up end-to-end connection. Communications router 106 is waited for untilSet up end-to-end connection for one group or second group and there is enough capacity, and then used first group to set up end-to-end connection by numberBe transferred to communications router 108 according to bag. It should be noted that to be only still full time ability at first group of capacity of having set up end-to-end connectionUse second group to set up end-to-end connection.

Alternatively, when first group of capacity of having set up end-to-end connection is while being full, communications router 106 use second group builtData packet transmission is arrived communications router 108 by vertical end-to-end connection. When second group of capacity of having set up end-to-end connection is also for fullTime, communications router 106 use non-the first/the second group set up end-to-end connection by data packet transmission to communications router 108.Set up end-to-end connection and comprised that non-first group has been set up end-to-end connection and non-second group and set up end-to-end for non-the first/the second groupConnect.

In one in multiple embodiment, the condition that end-to-end connection meets according to it of setting up in second group is dividedLevel. Having set up end-to-end connection for first group meets all conditions and non-the first/the second group and has set up end-to-end connection and do not meet anyCondition. But, set up end-to-end connector for second group and unified a little conditions but do not meet all conditions. Therefore, second group of bagDraw together there are some features set up end-to-end connection, wherein, for the same terms, each has been set up end-to-end connection and may accord withClose maybe and may not meet. Because the end-to-end connection of setting up in second group has different characteristic, because arrive for each built vertical endIt is favourable that end connects allocation level, make can according to user's preference use there is higher level set up end-to-end connectionCarry out transmission package.

Fig. 7 show according to one in embodiment set up the classification of end-to-end connection many groups of communications router place. PointLevel is stored in from storage device 505 and by processing unit 502 to be implemented. Hierarchical table 700 is listed multiple groups and their phaseAnswer grade. In a modification, consider classification 720. According to 720, the first group 711 of classification, second group 712, the 3rd group 713,The 4th group 714 and the 5th group 715 is assigned respectively the first estate, the second grade, the tertiary gradient, the fourth estate and the 5th grade.Can configure classification by the user of communications router or network manager. Therefore in another variant, in the time considering classification 730,First group 711, second group 712, the 3rd group 713, the 4th group 714 and the 5th group 715 is assigned respectively the second grade, the 3rdGrade, the first estate, the fourth estate and the 5th grade. It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that for priorization is used and haveIn the group of higher level, set up end-to-end connection transmission package, to have set up end-to-end connection allocation level be favourable for every group.Should also be clear that for group is when allocation level, different user can have difference preference, therefore, at shown in hierarchical table 700 two kindsThe classification of type, i.e. classification 720 and classification 730, only for purposes of illustration.

Transmission

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, fail to meet and be directed to a kind of data type when setting up end-to-end connectionCondition time, communications router 106 has not set up by described the packet that end-to-end connection transmission belongs to described data type,But still set up by described the packet that end-to-end connection transmission does not belong to described data type. In order to transmit a certain typeThe end-to-end connection of setting up of packet but not all type data packets belongs to second group and has set up end-to-end connection.

Set up with second group the mode that end-to-end connection transmits packet and can help to improve data packet transmission performance, becauseNot allly set up the end-to-end identical network performance that has. For example, some have been set up end-to-end connection and have had more long time delay,Some have been set up end-to-end connection and have had the bag of abandoning still less. Depend on and set up the satisfied condition of end-to-end connection, built vertical endConnect to belong to end and be applicable to a class packet but not being suitable for a group of another kind of packet has set up end-to-end connection. ExampleAs, set up the packet that end-to-end connection is suitable for belonging to file transmission application, but be not suitable for for second group with high time delayIn the packet that belongs to voice communication.

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, communications router 106 continues second group of monitoring and has set up end-to-end connectionIn any whether because of meet all conditions become qualified belong to first group set up end-to-end connection or because ofFail to meet other condition and become qualified and belong to non-the first/the second group and set up end-to-end connection. End-to-end connection will be set upHaving set up end-to-end connection from second group moves on to first group and has set up end-to-end connection and can improve the whole of concentrated end-to-end connectionVolume grid performance, because communications router 106 has and has more set up that end-to-end connection is available to be transmitted in first groupPacket. Set up end-to-end connection from second group and move on to non-the first/the second group and set up end-to-end company setting up end-to-end connectionConnect the overall network performance that also can improve concentrated end-to-end connection, because communications router 106 is not by non-the first/the second groupIn set up end-to-end connection transmission packet, thereby reduced packet packet loss, packet delay, data package jitter and itsIt affects improperly.

Although importantly, for some application, communications router 106 has not been set up end-to-end connection by non-the first/the second groupPacket is transferred to communications router 108 from communications router 106, but should allows communications router 106 to use secondGroup has been set up end-to-end connection and has been applied for other, makes not use non-the first/the second group of strict demand of having set up end-to-end connectionLoosely be able to, thereby improve packet performance.

For the application that uses TCP for communicating by letter, the multiple built vertical end in the end-to-end connection of concentrating that belongs to first groupPacket packet loss in a connection in connecting to end can adversely affect the entire throughput of concentrated end-to-end connection. This isBecause being dispersed in first group for the packet that is transferred to a TCP session of communications router 108 by communications router 106Set up among end-to-end connection. Therefore, when belong to first group set up end-to-end connection become belong to non-the first/the second groupWhile setting up end-to-end connection, communications router 106 should be by not belonging to the end-to-end connection transmission of non-the first/the second group set up numberAccording to bag.

Bag detects

According to one in multiple embodiment, according to three kinds (, packet, supervisory packet and error correction packets), bag distributes.In a replacement scheme, detect the distribution of wrapping by bag, wherein the content of bag detected with determine they be packet,Supervisory packet or error correction packets. In another replacement scheme, for the bag that is derived from communications router 106, for example supervisory packet, does not needWrap to detect and determine the classification that described bag belongs to.

Packet is that carrying need to have been set up end-to-end connection via at least one and is transferred to communications router from communications router 106The bag of 108 information. Packet can be derived from communications router 106 maybe can be derived from the main frame that is connected to communications router 106Or node. The destination of packet is communications router 108 or main frame and/or the node that is connected to communications router 108.

Supervisory packet is to be created by communications router 106, and arrives to manage concentrated end via setting up end-to-end connection transmissionThe bag that end connects. Supervisory packet comprises route bag, switching bag, health examination bag, maintenance package, performance report bag and management and concentratesThe bag of required other type of end-to-end connection. Management information is used for facilitating communications router one 06, comprises the built vertical end of managementConnect, manage concentrated end-to-end connection, test the performance of end-to-end connection and communicate by letter to assist with communications router 108 to endAdjust management to set up end-to-end connection. Management information can with the data in one or more packets incidentally, or can be used as oneIndividual or multiple independently packets are transmitted.

Error correction packets be transmitted by communications router 106 in order to correct or detect be transferred to communications router from communications router 106The bag of any mistake in 108 packet. Error correction packets comprises forward error correction (FEC) bag, HARQ (ARQ)Bag, parity code check packet etc.

According to preferred embodiment, use first group to set up end-to-end connection transmission packet. Set up end-to-end connection for first groupOther set up end-to-end connection among there is highest ranking. Therefore,, according to user's preference, first group of built vertical end arrivesEnd connection is best suited for transmission packet. Use second group to set up end-to-end connection or non-the first/the second group and set up end-to-end companyConnect transfer management bag, error correction packets. Use non-first group and/or non-the first/the second group set up end-to-end connection transfer management bag andThe benefit of error correction packets is first group have been set up end-to-end connection and has been retained for packet, and has more high power capacity to can be used for transmissionPacket. In addition, preferably, use from for transmit packet set up end-to-end connection different set up end-to-end companyConnect transmission error correction packets, make not exist identical mistake in error correction packets.

In one in multiple embodiment, if first group of capacity of having set up end-to-end connection is full, use second groupSet up end-to-end connection transmission packet. In one in multiple embodiment, if first group set up end-to-end connection andSecond group of capacity of having set up end-to-end connection is full, uses non-the first/the second group to set up end-to-end connection transmission dataBag.

In one in multiple embodiment, if first group has been set up end-to-end connection and had enough capacity for transmitting divisorAccording to the non-packet outside bag, use first group to set up end-to-end connection transfer management bag. In multiple embodiment oneIn, use first group to set up the supervisory packet of end-to-end connection transmission for user rs authentication. For example, use FTP(FTP) the end-to-end connection of setting up needs user rs authentication, therefore, uses first group to set up end-to-end connection transmission checking letterBreath.

In one in multiple embodiment, packet is distributed among the multiple end-to-end connections of having set up in a group, andAnd use the technology of describing in Fig. 2 A and 2B to transmit by setting up end-to-end connection.

Fault shifts

According to illustrated classification in the of the present invention multiple embodiment that describe in Fig. 8 and Fig. 4, when belonging to firstGroup one or more have set up end-to-end Joint failure and have belonged to other of first group and set up end-to-end connection and do not have enoughWhen capacity transmits packet, communications router 106 use belong to second group one or more and have set up end-to-end connection and passTransmission of data bag. Therefore, belong to the end-to-end connection of second group set up and carry out backup or failover functionality. Belong to first groupSet up the reason that end-to-end connection do not have enough capacity and had many possibilities. For example, the number of packet is too large. At anotherIn example, belong to first group set up end-to-end connection because disconnecting or device fails lost efficacy, therefore described builtVertical end-to-end connection interrupts and can not be assigned in first group again. Although belong to the performance of setting up end-to-end connection of second groupMay set up end-to-end connecting not as those in first group, but belong to second group set up end-to-end connection and can carrySupply overhead provision for transmission packet.

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, first set up end-to-end connection be belong to first group unique oneSet up end-to-end connection. In step 801, set up end-to-end connection transmission packet by first. If in step 802Processing unit 502 determines that the packet having detected in first has set up end-to-end connection within the first time predefined cycle abandons bagOr the number of packet loss is less than packet and abandons the first predefined number of bag or packet loss, in step 801, continue by first soSet up end-to-end connection transmission packet. When processing unit in step 802 502 within the first time predefined cycle firstSet up in end-to-end connection and detected when at least the first packet that predefines number is abandoned bag or packet loss, in step 803, logicalLetter router one 06 is by belonging to second group second set up end-to-end connection transmission " warm up " and wrap. If in step 804Processing unit 502 determines that the packet having detected in first has set up end-to-end connection within the second time predefined cycle abandons bagOr the number of packet loss is less than packet and abandons the second predefined number of bag or packet loss, in step 801, continue by first soSet up end-to-end connection transmission packet. When processing unit in step 804 502 within the second time predefined cycle firstSet up in end-to-end connection and detected when the second at least other packet that predefines number is abandoned bag or packet loss, in step 805In, communications router 106 starts to have set up end-to-end connection transmission packet by second. The 3rd time predefined cycle itAfter, in step 806, communications router 106 is tested the first performance of having set up end-to-end connection and is predefined to check the 4thIn time cycle, whether still exist abandoning of at least the three predefined number to wrap or packet loss. If within the 4th time predefined cycleFirst has set up abandoning of end-to-end not experience at least the three predefined number wraps or packet loss, so communications router in step 807106 start to reuse first has set up end-to-end connection transmission packet, and in step 808, stops using second builtVertical end-to-end connection transmission packet. If in step 806 processing unit 502 within the 4th time predefined cycle firstSet up and in end-to-end connection, detected that the packet of at least the three predefined number abandons bag or packet loss, so at step 805 relayingContinue by second and set up end-to-end connection transmission packet. Importantly, before carry out step 806, permission is pre-through the 3rdIn the definition time cycle, make using first to set up end-to-end connection and used the second switching of having set up between end-to-end connectionCan be too not frequent, because too frequent switching may reduce overall performance. In a modification, omit step 808 and communication roadContinued to have set up end-to-end connection transmission packet (or rather, " warm up " wraps) by second by device, make second builtVertical end-to-end connection keeps working. The Period Process ground of Fig. 8 carries out.

In step 803, use " warming up " bag to help fully to enable in time second and set up end-to-end connection. Due to differenceLink service provider dispose different mechanism and process the packet from inactive connection, therefore, when packet is by thisWhen the end-to-end connection of having set up of the inactive connection of a little use starts to be transmitted, it is slow that these connections may be experienced. Equally, noIn the time managing inactive network interface, can dispose different technologies with network adapter manufacturer. For example,, as network interface or netThe radio modem of a part for network interface can do not receive for a long time or be not switched to after transmission package energy saver mode orSleep pattern. The slow probability experiencing in order to reduce packet, communications router 106 transmits " warming up " and wraps with the company of makingConnect to become and work. This (for example, uses satellite, 3G, LTE and honeycomb fashion to the wireless connections for setting up end-to-end connectionThe connection of technology) especially even more important. It can be maybe health examination bag that the bag of " warming up " can contain data. Should in order to set upThe different communication technology of end-to-end connection and agreement regulate the size and the frequency that send " warming up " bag.

In step 803, another object of transmission " warming up " bag is that test second has been set up end-to-end connection whether still in operationState and still belong to second group. If second has set up end-to-end connection not in mode of operation or should not be retained in second group,In step 803 select belong to second group the 3rd set up end-to-end connection and with " warming up " wrap it is tested.

By manufacturer, keeper or the user setup data bag of communications router 106 abandon bag or packet loss the first predefined number,Packet is abandoned the second predefined number of bag or packet loss and packet and abandons the 3rd predefined number of bag or packet loss. These are predefinedNumber can be identical or different. In a preferred embodiment, packet is abandoned first predefined first of bag or packet lossNumber is less than five, packet is abandoned bag or second predefined the first number of packet loss is less than ten, and packet is abandoned bag or packet lossSecond predefined the first number is less than five. Predefined number is less, and the performance requirement of having set up end-to-end connection is just stricter,Because allow to abandon or the number of the bag lost less.

Be set when predefined the first time predefined cycle, second by manufacturer, keeper or the user of communications router 106Between cycle, the 3rd time predefined cycle and the 4th time predefined cycle. These time predefined cycles can be identical orDifferent. The first time predefined cycle, the second time predefined cycle and the 4th time predefined cycle are longer, built vertical endThe performance requirement connecting to end is just stricter because allow abandon bag rate or packet loss less.

According to illustrated classification in multiple embodiment of the present invention and Fig. 4, communications router 106 is by firstSet up end-to-end connection transmission packet. Set up the probability that end-to-end connection can not be retained in first group and reached when firstPredefined threshold value or first has been set up end-to-end connection will be removed from first group time, and communications router 106 is by belonging to second groupSecond set up end-to-end connection transmission " warm up " and wrapped. Set up end-to-end connection while being no longer retained in first group when first,Communications router 106 starts to have set up end-to-end connection transmission packet by second. After the time predefined cycle, whenOne has set up end-to-end connection again in the time of first group, and communications router 106 reuses first and set up end-to-end connection transmissionPacket and stop using second to set up end-to-end connection transmission packet.

Communications router 106 is run counter to the degree of condition of first group and is determined that first has set up end-to-end connection and whether can based on approachingEnough be retained in the probability in first group. For example, the condition of first group is respectively that average delay exists lower than 50ms, average packet loss ratioIn 2000 bags lower than there is no transfer of data between a bag and in the afternoon 5 and 6. For purposes of illustration, whenFirst has set up end-to-end being connected in ten seconds experiences while rising to the average delay of 48 milliseconds from 40 milliseconds, depends on and calculates generallyThe methodology of rate, probability can rise to high value. In the case, communications router 106 has been set up end-to-end company by secondConnect the transmission bag of " warming up " because first set up end-to-end connection may be being removed from first group in the near future. Equally forThe object illustrating, is timesharing in afternoons 4 58 when the time, and communications router 106 has been set up end-to-end connection by second and passedDefeated " warming up " bag has been set up end-to-end connection and whether has still been belonged to second group to test second. If second has set up end-to-end connectionStill belong to second group, communications router 106 just probably starts to arrive by the second built vertical end 5 time in the time in the afternoon soEnd connects transmission packet, because first has set up end-to-end connection by the condition that does not meet in the afternoon first group 5 time.

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, set up end-to-end connection and no longer belonged to second group and also not when secondWhile belonging to first group, second to have set up end-to-end connection destroyed or be assigned to non-the first/the second group. Therefore, communication roadOther one or morely set up end-to-end connection and transmitted another bag of " warming up " by what belong to second group by device 106, withDetermine first set up end-to-end connection be no longer retained in first group in the situation which can use set up end-to-end companyConnect. Set up end-to-end connection belong to second group in the situation that not many, communications router 106 by belong to non-first/Second group one or more have set up end-to-end connection and have transmitted another bag of " warming up ". Owing to determining that the second built vertical end arrivesEnd connects destroyed or in non-the first/the second group, wraps to determine that other has set up end-to-end when spended time uses " warm up "When the quality connecting and/or state, determine the time window which can use set up end-to-end connection and can dwindle.

Can determine that by using above-described embodiment first group has been set up end-to-end connection.

Fig. 9 shows according to the flow chart of the process of in multiple embodiment. In step 901, set up concentrated endConnect to end. The end-to-end connection of concentrating comprises multiple end-to-end connections of having set up. Multiplely set up end-to-end connection and comprise and assigning toHaving set up first in end-to-end connection for first group has set up end-to-end connection and has assigned to second group and set up in end-to-end connectionSecond set up end-to-end connection. In step 902, processing unit 502 determines whether to meet first condition. If metFirst condition has been set up end-to-end connection transmission packet by first in step 905. If do not meet first condition,In step 904, do not use first to set up end-to-end connection transmission packet. In step 903, processing unit 502 is trueThe fixed second condition that whether meets. If meet second condition, in step 907, set up end-to-end connection transmission by secondPacket. If do not meet second condition, in step 906, do not use second to set up end-to-end connection transmission packet.

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, after step 901 and determining whether to meet first and secondSet up end-to-end connection and divided in groups multiple before part. Classification is in order to determine which has set up end-to-end connection and should divide oneRise. Therefore condition is applicable to belong to same group all and has set up end-to-end connection. In addition, set up end-to-end for same groupConnection can be managed together.

In a modification, first condition and second condition repel mutually. For example, in the time not meeting second condition, meet firstCondition, and in the time not meeting first condition, meet second condition. Therefore, or in step 906 set up by firstEnd-to-end connection transmission packet, or set up end-to-end connection transmission by second in step 907.

Alternatively, first condition and second condition are uncorrelated. Likely meet first condition and second condition simultaneously. Work as symbolWhile closing first condition and second condition, by first and second set up end-to-end connection both, distribute therein and transmitPacket.

Alternatively, first condition is relevant with second condition. Therefore whether qualified probability is met or is not met another conditionImpact.

In a modification, when meet first condition in step 902 time, in step 905 by belonging to first group allSet up end-to-end connection transmission packet, and when do not meet first condition in step 902 time, obstructed in step 906Cross and belong to first group any and set up end-to-end connection transmission packet. Similarly, when meet second condition in step 903Time, in step 907, allly set up end-to-end connection transmission packet by what belong to second group, and when in step 903In while not meeting second condition, in step 906, anyly do not set up end-to-end connection transmission packet by what belong to second group.

In a modification, first condition and second condition can based on described in the time using some to set up end-to-end connection someSet up the performance of end-to-end connection, service provider that some has set up end-to-end connection, communications router 106 position,The time on the same day, the use price that some has set up end-to-end connection, security protocol, user that some has set up end-to-end connectionThe IP address range of the destination of identify label, concentrated end-to-end connection, the communication protocol that some has set up end-to-end connection,Some set up end-to-end connection the communication technology, use some to set up the application of end-to-end connection and used some builtThe device of vertical end-to-end connection.

Network interface fault

There is the network interface of end-to-end connection

According to illustrated classification in multiple embodiment of the present invention and Fig. 4, communications router 106 has multipleSome in network interface and described network interface were connected with end-to-end connection. Communications router 106 makes by the first connectionSet up first with first network interface and set up end-to-end connection. First has set up end-to-end connection assigns to by processing unit 502In first group. Communications router 106 does not have other and has set up end-to-end connection, but have can by least one non-theThe operational possible end-to-end connection of one network interface. Having set up end-to-end connection when processing unit 502 definite first can notEnough be retained in probability in first group reached predefined threshold value, first set up end-to-end connection will by from first group remove,Or network interface has been reported and may be caused first to set up end-to-end connection and can not be retained at least one mistake in first groupTime, communications router 106 enables second network interface and trial set up for the second end-to-end connection with communications router 108. AsThe condition of second group successfully be set up and be met to fruit the second end-to-end connection can, and processing unit 502 is end-to-end by second soConnect and assign in second group. If the second end-to-end connection cannot successfully be set up and/or cannot be met the condition of second group, soCommunications router 106 is enabled other non-first/second network interface, and definite which network interface of processing unit 502 can be builtThe end-to-end connection of the vertical condition that meets second group.

Once exist can meet second group condition set up end-to-end connection, communications router 106 is just ready to firstSet up end-to-end connection and set up end-to-end connection transmission packet described in using while no longer belonging to first group. This embodiment does not needTo set up in advance second and set up end-to-end connection. Replace, can not be retained in first group when the first end-to-end connection hasHigh probability or set up second will not be retained in first group time and set up end-to-end connection. This embodiment has reduced by non-theOne network interface sends the needs of bag, and makes less to use the connection that is connected to non-first network interface.

It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that and exist many reasons to cause network interface reporting errors, comprise and connect fault, tuneThe lower degradation of modulator-demodulator fault, operating system failure, the signal to noise ratio that detects by modem. When network interface reportWhen mistake, probably it can not transmit and/or receive packet and affect and set up end-to-end connection by the company of its foundationConnect.

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, due in this embodiment, only exist one to set up end-to-end connection,Therefore do not need to have concentrated end-to-end connection and keep setting up end-to-end connection, because this can in the time that obvious improvement is not providedReduce the size of available net load. In addition, owing to once only using a network interface, therefore in order to determine the first built vertical endConnecting the condition that whether can be retained in first group to end also can be used for determining whether to use non-first network interface to transmit instituteThere is packet, no matter whether the destination of packet is communications router 108.

For example, determine the first network interface of communications router 106 will be in first group for transmission with receive packet, because ofFor it meets all conditions, will be in second group and second network interface is definite. When first network interface will be removed from first groupTime, communications router 106 starts to send " warming up " bag to prepare second network interface for transmission by second network interfacePacket. In the time that first network interface removes from first group, second network interface can start to transmit and receive packet. WhenWhen one network interface belongs to first group again, communications router 106 will transmit and receive packet with first network interface,And stop using second network interface to transmit and receive packet. Can as in above-described embodiment, discussed by built vertical endConnect to end the mode like different categories that is divided into network interface is divided into first group and second group.

In the time that communications router 106 does not use the transmission of second network interface and receives packet, communications router 106 still can makeWith second network interface transmission error correction packets, supervisory packet, health examination bag and test pack.

Do not there is the network interface of end-to-end connection

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, on the network interface of communicator instead of enterprising in end-to-end connectionRow classification. Communicator can be router, switch, multiplexer, main frame or node. This illustrates in Figure 11,In order to understand better, check Figure 11 in conjunction with Fig. 5, wherein Fig. 5 shows the block diagram of communicator. In step 1101,Packet is ready to transmit by communicator. When processing unit in step 1,102 502 is determined while meeting first condition,In step 1105, communicator uses first network interface transmission packet. When processing unit in step 1,103 502 is determined symbolWhile closing second condition, in step 1107, communicator uses second network interface transmission packet. In a modification, whenIn step 1102, processing unit is determined while not meeting first condition, and communicator still can use first network interface transmission numberAccording to bag; In the time meeting first condition, communicator must use first network interface transmission packet. Similarly, when in stepIn 1103, processing unit 502 is determined while not meeting second condition, and communicator still can use second network interface transmission dataBag; In the time meeting second condition, communicator must use second network interface transmission packet. In a modification, whenIn step 1102, processing unit 502 determines that while not meeting first condition, communicator is stopped using the first net in step 1104Network interface transmission packet, and same situation is also applicable to second condition and second network interface in step 1106.

First condition second condition can be independently, incoherent, rely on or relevant. By the management of communicatorMember, manufacturer or user configure first condition and second condition.

In the time not meeting first condition, in step 1104, communicator is stopped using the feelings of first network interface transmission packetUnder condition, if the operation of first network interface cut, the overall network performance of communicator will affect adversely. Therefore,Communicator should stop using first network adapter to transmit number in can not adversely obviously affecting overall network performanceAccording to bag. According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, communicator will make in the time that it will stop using first network interfaceSecond network interface is ready to transmission and receives packet. Therefore, communicator makes the second net in the time will not meeting first conditionNetwork interface is ready to. Suppose, first condition after predefined a period of time, still meet or the incongruent probability of first conditionReduce, communicator does not attempt to keep second network interface to work, because keep second network interface can increase power consumption alsoCause higher data to use.

The process of Figure 11 is similar to the process of Fig. 9, and unique difference is that Fig. 9 shows selection for transmitting the built of packetThe process of vertical end-to-end connection, and Figure 11 shows the process of selecting the network interface for transmitting packet.

The previously described condition that end-to-end connection or network interface are classified, comprise performance metrics, service provider,Use module, position, time, use price, security, User Identity, Internet protocol address scope, logicalLetter agreement, the communication technology and application, can be by the condition that acts on network interface. For example, first condition is based on performance metricStandard, if therefore first network interface or the network by first network interface bearing connect and do not meet first condition, communicationDevice does not further use first network interface. In another example, first condition is based on User Identity, only through testingThe user of card could use first network interface. Therefore, communicator does not carry out transmission sources with first network interface and uses from non-checkingThe packet at family.

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, Article 3 part is in order to start the process of enabling of second network interface. OpeningDuring process, communicator starts to enable second network interface or " warms up " for it. Exist various ways to enable the second netNetwork interface. For example, can be by powering to enable second network interface to second network interface. In another example, by warpEnable second network interface by second network interface transmission package to communication network, described bag can encapsulation of data, another bag, managementInformation, the random interior perhaps predefined content generating. The object of enabling second network interface is to allow second network interface meetingWhen first condition or when be stopped transmission packet when first network interface, transmit packet.

Article 3 part should be stricter than second condition, otherwise will meet Article 3 part but not yet meet second condition andCause enabling in time the situation of second network interface.

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, determine it when communicator and can reuse first network interfaceWhen transmission packet, communicator will be stopped using second network interface transmission packet and bring into use first network interface to passTransmission of data bag. Article 4 part is used for assessment and whether can reuses first network interface and transmit packet.

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, condition, comprises first condition, second condition, Article 3 part and the 4thCondition, can follow the condition described in front portion of the present invention.

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, in the time that communicator transmits data by one in network interface, logicalT unit can use consolidated network interface or another network interface to receive packet.

Figure 10 is diagram according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. At step 1001 place, communicator is by first network interfaceTransmission packet. At step 1002 place, processing unit 502 determines whether first network interface meets Article 3 part, Article 3Part is the 3rd predefined number that packet is abandoned bag or packet loss within the 3rd time predefined cycle. If meet Article 3 part, thatAt step 1003 place, communicator starts to start second network interface. Packet is abandoned the 3rd predefined number of bag or packet lossIn the scope of hundred bags of a bag to. The 3rd time predefined cycle is in the scope in second to one minute. Packet is abandonedThe 3rd predefined number of bag or packet loss is larger, just allows more bag or packet losses abandoned. The 3rd time predefined cycle on the other handLarger, just allow fewer bag or packet loss abandoned. For purposes of illustration, the 3rd of packet packet loss the predefined number is five bagsAnd the 3rd time predefined cycle was ten seconds. Therefore, when there were six or morely abandon when bag and meet Article 3 part in five seconds.

At step 1004 place, processing unit 502 determines whether to meet second condition, detects at first network interfaceIn the second time predefined section, abandon the second predefined number of bag or packet loss. If meet second condition, so in step 1005Place's communicator is brought into use second network interface transmission packet. In a modification, when using second network, communicator connectsWhen port transmission packet, communicator is stopped using first network interface transmission packet. Therefore, can be based on first condition structureMaking second condition makes second condition contrary with first condition. Therefore, in the time meeting first condition, do not meet second condition, andAnd in the time meeting second condition, do not meet first condition. Only for purposes of illustration, at second of first network interface packet lossPredefined number is that ten bags and the second time predefined cycle are ten seconds. Therefore, there have been ten when being less than in ten secondsWhile abandoning bag, meet second condition. First condition should be configured to be less than ten packet losses in ten seconds. Therefore, when communicator stops makingDuring with first network interface transmission packet, second network interface can side by side transmit packet substantially.

At step 1006 place, processing unit 502 determines whether to reuse first network interface transmission packet. If symbolClose Article 4 part, perform step 1007 and 1008 with again by first network interface transmission packet and stop using theTwo network data transmission interface bags. Article 4 part is the packet loss in the 4th time predefined section detecting at first network interfacePredefined number. Only for purposes of illustration, the 4th predefined number of first network interface packet loss be five bags andThe 4th time predefined cycle was ten seconds.

In a modification, communicator should almost immediately not perform step 1006 after step 1005. This is can because haveThe network of energy first network interface connects not yet stable. If connected or when network interface is unstable at the network of first network interfaceExecution step 1006, communicator may and use between second network interface at use first network interface and turn continually soChange. This may cause the remarkable adverse effect to performance.

In a modification, than first condition, Article 4 part should be too not loose. Otherwise, communicator also may be throughGo through and using and stopping using conversion continually between first network interface. This also may cause the remarkable adverse effect to performance.

Condition is stored in from storage device 505, and by processing unit 502 from from storage device 505 search conditions with reallyWhether eligiblely determine network interface. First network interface and second network interface are two in multiple network interfaces 506.

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, processing unit 502 is by the access chain of determining that network interface is associatedWhether road, connection, network or end-to-end connection be eligible determines that whether network interface is eligible. For example,, if conditionBe that the network delay that network interface experiences must be less than two milliseconds, condition is equivalent to the access connecting by network interface soThe viewed network delay in link place is less than two milliseconds.

Alert message

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, in the time setting up end-to-end dockingundocking or add one group, or when builtVertical end-to-end connection stops when eligible, and communications router 106 produces at least one alert message and described alert message quiltsSend to predefined destination. Alert message can be that Email, instant message, Short Message Service (SMS), phone are exhaledThe message of crying, show in webpage, the Pop-up message at webpage place, alarm, sound, passage of scintillation light, the light emitting diode (LED) of openingAnd other indicant of having occurred of the event that can be used to refer to. Predefined destination can be e-mail address, IP address,LED, loudspeaker, display screen, console, network node, main frame, mobile phone, kneetop computer and can receive policeAccuse any electronic installation of message. For example, when having set up end-to-end connection, first of communications router 106 places departed from firstWhen group, send the keeper of SMS to communications router 106. In another example, when first of communications router 106 placesSet up end-to-end connection while having departed from first group, produced at least two alert messages by communications router 106. At least describedTwo alert messages are included in the Pop-up message producing on webpage and send to the user of communications router 106 and/or keeperInstant message. In another example, when having set up end-to-end connection, first of communications router 106 places rejoined firstWhen group, the LED light on communications router 106 by flicker several seconds to indicate first to set up end-to-end connection and rejoinFirst group.

The input of condition

Condition can by console, jockey and/or movably computer-readable storage medium be input to communications routerIn 106. Exactly, console is series connection console, and for example notebook computer is connected to by described series connection consoleCommunications router 106 is to input, to configure, to manage and to remove condition. Jockey is exactly connected to by Ethernet cableCommunications router 106. The other end that one end of Ethernet cable is connected to communications router 106 and Ethernet cable is connected toNetwork node, this network node is provided to the connection of (comprising internet) of other network. Therefore, for example, communications router 106Keeper can sign in on communications router 106 to input, to configure, to manage and to remove condition. Alternatively, jockeyBe implement to comprise LTE, WiFi, high-speed down link bag access (HSDPA) communication standard, Zigbee, UWB, 3G,The wireless connections of the wireless communication standard of WiMAX, bluetooth and GPRS etc. Movably computer-readable storage medium comprisesInstruction is uploaded to communications router by flash memory, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, secure digital (SD) card or permissionAny movably computer-readable storage medium on 106.

According to one in multiple embodiment of the present invention, in the time that keeper passes through to connect access communications router one 06, be managementMember provides web interface, command line interface and/or API (API). Therefore, can remotely input or pass through webInterface, command line interface and/or API are at local initial conditions and condition can be stored in from storage device 505.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1A shows according to the network environment of in multiple embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 1B shows the system of adjusting according to embodiment, and it is configured to by being adjusted in the tunnel band during data transfer sessionsWide weighting pattern is optimized the handling capacity of multiple bandwidth varyings connections of binding.

Fig. 2 A has shown the high-level flowchart of the operation of system, and it has described the method for the handling capacity of the connection for improving binding.

Fig. 2 B shows the wherein enforcement based on the amended weight distribution bag in tunnel at least in part after implementing method of weightingExample.

Fig. 3 show according to one in multiple embodiment can be in transmitted IP bag the type of the information of encapsulation.

Fig. 4 show according to one in multiple embodiment how to divide arborescence in groups by the end-to-end connection of having set up.

Fig. 5 is according to the schematic block diagrams of the communications router of in multiple embodiment.

Fig. 6 A is flow chart, and it shows according to one in multiple embodiment be used for the end-to-end connection of having set up is divided intoThe process of one group in group.

Fig. 6 B show according to one in multiple embodiment based on multiple conditions, the end-to-end connection of having set up is divided into multipleThe process of group.

Fig. 6 C show according to one in multiple embodiment based on multiple conditions, the end-to-end connection of having set up is divided into multipleThe process of group, wherein said multiple conditions are all based on same metric standard.

Fig. 7 show according to the many groups of end-to-end connections of having set up at communications router place of in multiple embodiment pointLevel.

Fig. 8 shows according to the flow chart of the process of in multiple embodiment.

Fig. 9 illustrates according to the selection of in multiple embodiment for transmitting the process of setting up end-to-end connection of packetFlow chart.

Figure 10 is diagram according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Figure 11 illustrates according to the selection of in multiple embodiment for transmitting the flow process of process of network interface of packetFigure.

Claims

1. comprising the method for first communication device place transmission packet for multiple network interfaces,It comprises:

In the time meeting first condition, transmit packet by first network interface;

In the time meeting second condition, transmit packet by second network interface.

2. method according to claim 1, it further comprises:

According to the first set condition, described multiple network interfaces are divided into many set of network interfaces;

Wherein said first network interface belongs to the first set of network interfaces; And

Wherein said second network interface belongs to the second set of network interfaces.

3. method according to claim 1, wherein when described first network interface can be set upWhen connection, meet described first condition.

4. method according to claim 1, it further comprises:

Maintain described second network interface.

5. method according to claim 4, wherein passes through via described second network interface weekPhase property ground transmission package maintains described in carrying out.

6. method according to claim 1, it further comprises in the time meeting Article 3 part logicalCross described second network interface transmission package.

7. method according to claim 6, the freely following content composition of wherein said bag choosingGroup: error correction packets, supervisory packet and packet.

8. method according to claim 6, if wherein in described first network interface inspectionThe packet loss that measures at least the three predefined number within the 3rd time predefined cycle, meets instituteState Article 3 part.

9. method according to claim 1, it is further included in described first condition and is not inconsistentClose and/or when described second condition meets, transmit at least one alert message.

10. method according to claim 1, if wherein in described first network interface inspectionMeasure the packet loss that is less than the first predefined number within the first time predefined cycle, meet instituteState first condition.

11. methods according to claim 1, it further comprises if meet Article 4 part,Stop by described second network interface transmission packet, and start to connect by described first networkPort transmission packet.

12. methods according to claim 11, if wherein at described first network interfaceThe packet loss that at least the four predefined number within the 4th time predefined cycle detected, is not inconsistentClose described Article 4 part.

13. methods according to claim 10, wherein in the time not meeting described first condition,Meet described second condition, and in the time meeting described first condition, do not meet described second condition,And if wherein detected in described the first time predefined cycle at described first network interfaceThe packet loss of at least described first interior predefined number, meets described second condition.

14. according to the method described in claim 1,6 or 11, below wherein said condition choosing freelyThe group of content composition: performance metrics, service provider, use module, position,Time, use price, security, User Identity, Internet protocol address scope, communicationAgreement, the communication technology, application and device.

15. methods according to claim 14, the choosing of wherein said performance metrics freely withThe group of lower content composition: handling capacity, error rate, packet delay, packet jitter, symbol shake, clothesBusiness quality, security, overlay area, bandwidth, the bit error rate, packet error rate, frame error ratio, abandonBag rate, queueing delay, two-way time, capacity, signal level, interference level, bandwidth--delay are producedProduct, switching delay time, signal-to-noise ratio and signal to noise ratio.

16. according to the method described in claim 1,6 or 11, wherein from remote server remotelyRetrieve or retrieve in this locality from local medium described condition, and by web interface, applicationDLL (API), command line interface or console receive described condition.

17. 1 kinds can transmit the first communication device of packet, and it comprises:

Multiple network interfaces,

At least one processing unit;

At least one main storage;

At least one is from storage device, described from memory device stores have can by described at least oneProcessing unit is carried out the programmed instruction for following operation:

18. first communication devices according to claim 17, wherein said at least one from depositingStorage device further stores can be carried out for following operation by described at least one processing unitProgrammed instruction:

19. first communication devices according to claim 17, wherein when described first network connectsMouth meets described first condition can connect time.

20. first communication devices according to claim 17, wherein said at least one from depositingStorage device further stores can be carried out for following operation by described at least one processing unitProgrammed instruction:

Maintain described second network interface.

21. first communication devices according to claim 20, wherein pass through via described secondNetwork interface periodically transmission package maintains described in carrying out.

22. first communication devices according to claim 17, wherein said at least one from depositingStorage device further stores can be carried out for following operation by described at least one processing unitProgrammed instruction: in the time meeting Article 3 part by described second network interface transmission package.

23. first communication devices according to claim 22, below wherein said bag choosing freelyThe group of content composition: error correction packets, supervisory packet and packet.

24. first communication devices according to claim 22, if wherein at described the first netNetwork interface detects losing of at least the three predefined number within the 3rd time predefined cycleBag, meets described Article 3 part.

25. first communication devices according to claim 17, wherein said at least one from depositingStorage device further stores can be carried out for following operation by described at least one processing unitProgrammed instruction: do not meet and/or when described second condition meets, transmission at least at described first conditionAn alert message.

26. first communication devices according to claim 17, if wherein at described the first netNetwork interface detected and be less than losing of the first predefined number within the first time predefined cycleBag, meets described first condition.

27. first communication devices according to claim 17, wherein said at least one from depositingStorage device further stores can be carried out for following operation by described at least one processing unitProgrammed instruction: if meet Article 4 part, stop by described second network interface transmission dataBag, and start by described first network interface transmission packet.

28. first communication devices according to claim 27, if wherein at described the first netNetwork interface detects losing of at least the four predefined number within the 4th time predefined cycleBag, does not meet described Article 4 part.

29. first communication devices according to claim 26, wherein ought not meet described firstWhen condition, meet described second condition, and in the time meeting described first condition, do not meet describedTwo conditions, and if wherein detect that at described first network interface at least described first is predeterminedThe packet loss of justice number, meets described second condition.

30. according to the first communication device described in claim 17,22 or 27, wherein said conditionThe group of the freely following content composition of choosing: performance metrics, service provider, use tolerance markStandard, position, time, use price, security, User Identity, Internet protocol addressScope, communication protocol, the communication technology, application and device.

31. first communication devices according to claim 30, wherein said performance metricsThe group of the freely following content composition of choosing: handling capacity, error rate, packet delay, packet jitter, symbolShake, service quality, security, overlay area, bandwidth, the bit error rate, packet error rate, frame mistakeMistake rate, abandon bag rate, queueing delay, two-way time, capacity, signal level, interference level, bandWide delay product, switching delay time, signal-to-noise ratio and signal to noise ratio.

32. according to the first communication device described in claim 17,22 or 27, wherein from long-range clothesBusiness device remotely retrieving or retrieve described condition from local medium in this locality, and pass through webInterface, API (API), command line interface or console receive described condition.