CN105590016B - Obtain the method and device of region water quality standard limited value - Google Patents
Obtain the method and device of region water quality standard limited value Download PDFInfo
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- CN105590016B CN105590016B CN201410616834.5A CN201410616834A CN105590016B CN 105590016 B CN105590016 B CN 105590016B CN 201410616834 A CN201410616834 A CN 201410616834A CN 105590016 B CN105590016 B CN 105590016B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and devices obtaining region water quality standard limited value.Including：It determines target water environment region and target contaminant, detects the region exposure concentrations of target contaminant；When exposure concentrations are more than water environment benchmark in region, total actual emission of target contaminant is obtained；According to water body total amount calculating benchmark qualified discharge amount in water environment benchmark and target water environment region；The difference for calculating total actual emission and benchmark qualified discharge amount obtains emission reduction up to standard and carries out cost effectiveness analysis, obtains the emission reduction that enterprise can bear；If emission reduction up to standard is less than the emission reduction that enterprise can bear, using water environment benchmark as region water quality standard limited value, otherwise, the difference and water body total amount for the emission reduction that the emission reduction up to standard according to target contaminant, enterprise can bear obtain the region water quality standard limited value.With the application of the invention, Water Environmental Pollution Control and economic development can be taken into account, Water Environmental Pollution Control effect is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water environment ecological techniques, more particularly to a kind of to obtain region based on water environment benchmark and cost analysis
The method and device of water standard limit value.
Background technology
Water is the resource that each species are depended on for existence on the earth.As the size of population is on the increase, per capita water resource owning amount
Increasingly reduce, meanwhile, the fast development of modern times industrial or agricultural economy, water environment is faced with seriously threatening for various pollutions, example
Such as, the excessive agriculture chemical pollution of sanitary sewage, factory's chemistry medicine pollution, blowdown waste discharge and using in farmland.That is,
While per capita water resource owning amount is increasingly reduced, water quality and functional water shortage caused by water environment degradation are also
It becomes increasingly conspicuous, it has also become outstanding, global common technical problem.
Currently, China's water environment pollution is mainly reflected in：Pollutant discharge amount is more than Water Environment Carrying Capacity, urban river water dirt
Dye, the black smelly, lake eutrophication in river.Water environment pollution causes ecological disruption serious, and bio-diversity is reduced, ecosystem work(
It can degenerate, to restrict socio-economic development, endanger people's health.
In order to control water pollution, protection and improvement quality of water environment, the water environment for different regions is needed, is formulated related
Region water quality standard limited value, to as the distinguishing rule for whether water quality in water environment occurring water pollution, and be follow-up water
The update of matter standard provides reference and foundation.Wherein, water standard (WQS, Water Quality Standards) is to judge water
The key technical index of environmental quality is indicated with believable science data for the purpose of protecting human health and the ecological balance
Water environment in various pollutants safe level.And the region water quality mark that water pollution whether occurs for assessing water quality obtained
Quasi- limit value, and be the scientific basis for updating water standard.Thus, how reasonably to obtain for assessing whether water quality occurs water dirt
The region water quality standard limited value of dye protects aqueous bio diversity for controlling the type and quantity into water environment pollution object
And the structure and function of entire aquatic ecosystem is of great significance.
In the prior art, developed country is generally by formulating unified national water environment benchmark, for example, the U.S. is by U.S.'s ring
The national water quality mark of guarantor office (USEPA, The United States Environmental Protection Agency) publication
National water standard is revised according to Honshu Regional Water Environment situation in standard, each state, works out the state water quality mark for adapting to Honshu
Standard, meanwhile, each state obtains water effect ratio (WER, the Water of the section for the water quality difference of different sections in different zones
Effect Ratio), using the national water environment benchmark of formulation and water effect than product as the area of the section region
Domain water standard limit value.Wherein, it is to configure water and region original in laboratory respectively using same species in obtaining WER methods
Parallel toxicity test is carried out in water, obtains the species to same toxic endpoints (such as half lethal concentration LC50) region raw water toxicity
Water poisonous effect value is prepared in effect value and laboratory, and zoning raw water poisonous effect value prepares water poisonous effect with laboratory
The ratio of value, obtains WER values, the region water quality standard limited values of different zones be equal to national water environment benchmark be multiplied by the region into
The WER values that the parallel toxicity test of row obtains characterize the water quality inferiority in each region so as to be based on region water quality standard limited value
It is different.
But the existing method for obtaining region water quality standard limited value, since America's economy is highly developed, and long-term concern is certainly
Right environmental protection so that water pollutant load is lighter at this stage, thus, in formulation (acquisition) region water quality standard limited value,
Whether American National or u s. state, more attention are the protections to natural environment, are not considered to economic development
It influences.
The water standard limit value for the tens of pollutants that European Union issues at this stage, adheres to the formulation of water standard limit value
Theory and technical method and the U.S. it is almost the same, be also entirely to pay the utmost attention to protection to water environment, do not consider to send out economy
The influence of exhibition.
The region water quality standard limited value in China is issued by unification of the motherland, and the formulation or acquisition of region water quality standard limited value are main
With reference to the water environment benchmark and WER values of external advanced country.But China is vast in territory, and no matter the water environments of different zones is from water
Matter feature, Biogeographic Characteristics, Regional Water Environment characteristic still from the structure feature of the ecosystem, all have with foreign countries obviously
Difference, and China is developing country, and water environment combined pollution is serious.Therefore, according to the external water environment benchmark announced with
And WER values obtain the region water quality standard limited value in China, the region water quality standard limited value accuracy of acquisition is not high, cannot be region
Water environment management provides effective technical support, and the biology effectively for China difference waters provides comprehensive protection, it is difficult to meet
China's water environment management simultaneously realizes the long term object that Water-environment Ecological System develops in a healthy way；Further, since China's water environment pollution
It is more serious, if controlled water quality according to external more harsh region water quality standard limited value, each enterprise is needed to spend
Huge treatment cost influences economic development to bring difficulty to the normal production and operation of enterprise；Moreover, because water environment
Pollution control is of high cost, leads to that the regulation for executing region water quality standard limited value is unwilling or evaded compared with multiple enterprises, so that water
Environmental pollution improvement's implementation capacity is weaker, and Water Environmental Pollution Control effect is undesirable.
Thus, at present formulate or obtain region water quality standard limited value, do not account for China's Regional Water Environment characteristic with
The protection of Biogeographic Characteristics etc. does not account for more protecting without the technical method of specifically formulation region water standard yet
It is also required to consider economic development and enterprise development while environment so that economic development, enterprise development and water environment pollution
Improvement cannot take into account simultaneously, and Water Environmental Pollution Control is of high cost, poor so as to cause Water Environmental Pollution Control effect.
Invention content
In view of this, it is a primary object of the present invention to propose a kind of method and dress obtaining region water quality standard limited value
It sets, Water Environmental Pollution Control and economic development can be taken into account, promote Water Environmental Pollution Control effect.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a kind of method obtaining region water quality standard limited value, this method includes：
It determines the target contaminant in target water environment region and target water environment region, detects the target contaminant
Region exposure concentrations；
It is more than target contaminant pair in the target water environment region obtained in advance in the region exposure concentrations that detection obtains
When the water environment benchmark answered, total actual emission of the target contaminant in target water environment region is obtained；
The base of target contaminant is calculated according to water body total amount in the water environment benchmark and target water environment region
Quasi- qualified discharge amount；
The difference for calculating total actual emission of target contaminant and the benchmark qualified discharge amount of target contaminant, obtains mesh
Pollutant emission reduction up to standard is marked, the emission reduction up to standard to the target contaminant carries out cost effectiveness analysis, and obtaining enterprise can
The emission reduction born；
If target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is less than the emission reduction that can bear of enterprise, using the water environment benchmark as
Region water quality standard limited value, if target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is not less than the emission reduction that enterprise can bear, according to target
The difference for the emission reduction that pollutant emission reduction up to standard can be born with enterprise, target contaminant emission reduction and target water up to standard
Water body total amount obtains the region water quality standard limited value in environmental area.
Preferably, the method further includes：
If detecting obtained region exposure concentrations is not more than target stains in the target water environment region obtained in advance
The corresponding water environment benchmark of object, using the water environment benchmark as region water quality standard limited value.
Preferably, the total actual emission packet for obtaining the target contaminant in target water environment region
It includes：
The data information of the target contaminant in target water environment region is obtained, target contaminant source resolution is carried out, obtains
To target stains material information；
According to obtained target stains material information, collects target contaminant and discharge essential information；
Total actual emission of target contaminant is calculated using the target contaminant discharge essential information of collection.
Preferably, the total actual discharge for calculating target contaminant using the target contaminant collected discharge essential information
Amount includes：
Essential information is discharged according to target contaminant, calculates and exists with the relevant each main relevant enterprise of target contaminant discharge
To the day discharge capacity of target contaminant in target water environment region；
Each main relevant enterprise being calculated is added the day discharge capacity of target contaminant, obtains target contaminant
Total actual emission.
Preferably, the data information includes：The affiliated industry characteristic information of target contaminant, production blowdown information and water ring
Target contaminant exposes data information in border；The target contaminant source information includes：The main source information of target contaminant
And the main associated business information of emissions object pollutant；The target contaminant discharges essential information：Each main phase
Close enterprise production information, the contaminant information of primary discharge and corresponding pollutant discharge amount information and the sewage treatment of use
Technical information.
Preferably, the benchmark qualified discharge amount of the target contaminant is the water environment benchmark and the target water ring
The product of water body total amount in the region of border.
Preferably, difference, the target of the emission reduction that the emission reduction up to standard according to target contaminant can be born with enterprise
The water body total amount acquisition region water quality standard limited value includes in pollutant emission reduction up to standard and target water environment region：
The difference for calculating the emission reduction that target contaminant emission reduction up to standard can be born with enterprise, obtains redundancy discharge capacity；
Computing redundancy discharge capacity and target contaminant emission reduction up to standard and；
Will be calculated and divided by target water environment region in water body total amount, obtain the region water quality standard limited value.
The present invention also provides a kind of device obtaining region water quality standard limited value, which includes：Region exposure concentrations
Detection module, actual emission acquisition module, benchmark qualified discharge amount computing module, cost effectiveness analysis module and regional water
Matter standard limited value determining module, wherein
Region exposure concentrations detection module, for determining the target in target water environment region and target water environment region
Pollutant detects the region exposure concentrations of the target contaminant；
Actual emission acquisition module, the region exposure concentrations for being detected in region exposure concentrations detection module are big
When the corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant in the target water environment region obtained in advance, the target contaminant is obtained
Total actual emission in target water environment region；
Benchmark qualified discharge amount computing module, for according in the water environment benchmark and target water environment region
Water body total amount calculates the benchmark qualified discharge amount of target contaminant；
The benchmark of cost effectiveness analysis module, total actual emission and target contaminant for calculating target contaminant reaches
The difference for marking discharge capacity, obtains target contaminant emission reduction up to standard, the emission reduction up to standard to the target contaminant carry out at
This performance analysis obtains the emission reduction that enterprise can bear；
Region water quality standard limited value determining module, if target contaminant emission reduction up to standard subtracting of being less than that enterprise can bear
Discharge capacity, using the water environment benchmark as region water quality standard limited value, if target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is not less than enterprise
The emission reduction that industry can be born, difference, the target for the emission reduction that the emission reduction up to standard according to target contaminant can be born with enterprise are dirty
It contaminates water body total amount in object emission reduction and target water environment region up to standard and obtains the region water quality standard limited value.
Preferably, the region water quality standard limited value determining module includes：Emission reduction judging unit, redundancy Emission amount calculation
Unit and region water quality standard limited value computing unit, wherein
Emission reduction judging unit, for judging whether target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is less than the emission reduction that enterprise can bear
Otherwise amount, notifies redundancy Emission amount calculation unit if so, using the water environment benchmark as region water quality standard limited value；
Redundancy Emission amount calculation unit, the emission reduction that can be born for calculating target contaminant emission reduction up to standard and enterprise
Difference, obtain redundancy discharge capacity；
Region water quality standard limited value computing unit, for computing redundancy discharge capacity and target contaminant emission reduction up to standard
With, will be calculated and divided by target water environment region in water body total amount, obtain the region water quality standard limited value.
Preferably, the actual emission acquisition module includes：Judging unit, target contaminant source resolution unit, discharge
Essential information collects unit and total actual emission computing unit, wherein
Judging unit, for judging whether the region exposure concentrations that region exposure concentrations detection module detects are more than in advance
The corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant in the target water environment region first obtained, if it does, notice target contaminant
Source resolution unit；Otherwise, using the corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant in the target water environment region as target contaminant
Region water quality standard limited value；
Target contaminant source resolution unit, the data for obtaining the target contaminant in target water environment region are believed
Breath carries out target contaminant source resolution, obtains target stains material information；
It discharges essential information and collects unit, for according to obtained target stains material information, collecting target contaminant row
Put essential information；
Total actual emission computing unit, for calculating target stains using the target contaminant discharge essential information collected
Total actual emission of object；
The cost effectiveness analysis module includes：Target contaminant emission reduction computing unit up to standard and cost-effectiveness point
Analyse unit, wherein
Target contaminant emission reduction computing unit up to standard, total actual emission for calculating target contaminant and target
The difference of the benchmark qualified discharge amount of pollutant, obtains target contaminant emission reduction up to standard；
Cost effectiveness analysis unit carries out cost effectiveness analysis for the emission reduction up to standard to the target contaminant, obtains
The emission reduction that can be born to enterprise.
As seen from the above technical solutions, a kind of method and dress obtaining region water quality standard limited value provided by the invention
It sets, is more than mesh in the target water environment region obtained in advance in the corresponding region exposure concentrations of target contaminant that detection obtains
After marking the corresponding water environment benchmark of pollutant, from China's water environment benchmark, calmodulin binding domain CaM pollution treatment cost and pollution treatment benefit point
Analysis, according to the specific national conditions in China, considers the demand of water environment protection and economic development as a whole, determines region water standard limit
Value, so as to simultaneously take into account economic development, enterprise development and Water Environmental Pollution Control, reduce Water Environmental Pollution Control at
This, improves Water Environmental Pollution Control effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention obtains region water quality standard limited value；
Fig. 2 is the method idiographic flow schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention obtains region water quality standard limited value；
Fig. 3 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention obtains region water quality standard limited value.
Specific implementation mode
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, right below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments
The present invention is described in further detail.
Since China is vast in territory, the water environments of different regions no matter from water quality characteristic, Biodiversity Characteristics or from
In the structure feature of the ecosystem, apparent difference is suffered from.Therefore, direct basis foreign countries announce water environment a reference value and
WER values obtain region water quality standard limited value, to carry out water environment management and restoration of the ecosystem, cannot take into account economic development, enterprise simultaneously
Industry develops and Water Environmental Pollution Control so that Water Environmental Pollution Control is poor.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the Characteristics of Water Environment of China's different zones is considered, it is proposed that one kind being based on China's water environment
The method that benchmark is obtained with the region water quality standard limited value that regional economy cost analysis is combined.It is controlled in this way, considering enterprise
Dirty cost and water body environment tolerances can effectively reduce Water Environmental Pollution Control cost, and guiding enterprise, which is felt, executes area
The regulation of domain water standard limit value improves Water Environmental Pollution Control effect to promote Water Environmental Pollution Control implementation capacity, ensures
The harmonious development that the performance of enterprises is administered with water body environment is realized in enterprise development.
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention obtains region water quality standard limited value.Referring to Fig. 1, the flow
Including：
Step 01, it determines the target contaminant in target water environment region and target water environment region, detects the mesh
Mark the region exposure concentrations of pollutant；
In this step, target water environment region and target contaminant can be determined according to practical pollution treatment demand, target water ring
In the region of border, one or more target contaminants can be chosen.
In the embodiment of the present invention, each target contaminant in target water environment region is corresponding with a region water quality mark
Quasi- limit value, i.e. region water quality standard limited value are for specific target contaminant, also referred to as regional aim pollutant water
Matter standard limited value.
Step 02, it is dirty that target in the target water environment region obtained in advance is more than in the region exposure concentrations that detection obtains
When contaminating the corresponding water environment benchmark of object, total actual discharge of the target contaminant in target water environment region is obtained
Amount；
In this step, if the region exposure concentrations that detection obtains are not more than in the target water environment region obtained in advance
The corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant, using the water environment benchmark as region water quality standard limited value.
Step 03, target stains are calculated according to water body total amount in the water environment benchmark and target water environment region
The benchmark qualified discharge amount of object；
In this step, preferably, water body total amount is that water body is daily total in target water environment region in target water environment region
Amount, benchmark qualified discharge amount are the product of water environment benchmark and water body total amount in target water environment region, that is, meet water environment and control
The average daily discharge capacity of the dirty permitted target contaminant.For different target contaminants, corresponding water environment benchmark is different,
Benchmark qualified discharge amount is also different.
Step 04, the difference of total actual emission of target contaminant and the benchmark qualified discharge amount of target contaminant is calculated
Value, obtains target contaminant emission reduction up to standard, and the emission reduction up to standard to the target contaminant carries out cost effectiveness analysis, obtain
The emission reduction that can be born to enterprise；
In this step, target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is the average daily of the target contaminant of discharge beyond standards in water environment
Whether discharge capacity needs to be based on method of cost-benefit, really in sustainability of enterprises for the exceeded discharge capacity.
Step 05, if target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is less than the emission reduction that enterprise can bear, by the water environment
Benchmark is as region water quality standard limited value, if target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is not less than the emission reduction that enterprise can bear,
The difference for the emission reduction that can be born according to target contaminant emission reduction up to standard and enterprise, target contaminant emission reduction up to standard with
And water body total amount obtains the region water quality standard limited value in target water environment region.
A specific embodiment is lifted below, and the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 2 is the method idiographic flow schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention obtains region water quality standard limited value.It, should referring to Fig. 2
Flow includes：
Step 101, it determines the target contaminant in target water environment region and target water environment region, detects the mesh
Mark the region exposure concentrations of pollutant；
In this step, target water environment region can be directed to the different sections with water quality difference in different zones and be set
It sets, for example, in the same area, if the water quality of different sections has significant difference, water quality can be had conspicuousness
The multistage section of difference is as target water environment region.
In the embodiment of the present invention, target water environment region refers to the water of the region water quality standard limited value for implementing quasi- acquisition
Body region, target contaminant refer to the quasi- water pollutant being used for according to the control of region water quality standard limited value.
Region exposure concentrations measure the mesh according to the standard detecting method of pre-set target contaminant by various point
Actual exposed concentration of the pollutant in target water environment region is marked to obtain.About the detailed process of detection zone exposure concentrations,
Relevant technical literature is can be found in, detailed description is omitted here.
In the embodiment of the present invention, different target contaminants generally has different in same target water environment region
Region exposure concentrations.And same target contaminant generally also has different regions sudden and violent in different target water environment regions
Reveal concentration.
Preferably, target contaminant is referred to the excellent control pollutant list for including 68 kinds of pollutants of Chinese government's announcement
Middle selection.
As alternative embodiment, target contaminant is existed using Chinese target basin region (such as ChangJiang River) freshwater
The various species such as aquatic animal, including fish, shell-fish, amphibian animal.
Step 102, target in the target water environment region detected obtained region exposure concentrations and obtained in advance is dirty
The corresponding water environment benchmark of dye object is compared, if region exposure concentrations are less than or equal to water environment benchmark, executes step
103, otherwise, execute step 104；
In this step, water environment benchmark can be the specified national water environment benchmark of country, can also be that each place is specified
Local water environment benchmark.Water environment benchmark can be inquired to obtain by pertinent literature, detailed description is omitted here.
In the embodiment of the present invention, water environment benchmark is both for specific pollutant, for example, for the water environment of nitrobenzene
Benchmark, thus, different target contaminants is corresponding with different water environment benchmark.Specifically, different target contaminant,
In same target water environment region, generally there is different water environment benchmark.And same target contaminant, in different targets
In water environment region, generally also there is different water environment benchmark.
Step 103 is using the corresponding water environment benchmark of the described target contaminant as the region water quality of the target contaminant
Standard limited value；
In this step, by by the region exposure concentrations of target contaminant in target water environment region and the target water environment
The corresponding water environment a reference value of target contaminant is compared in region, if region exposure concentrations are less than or equal to corresponding water
Environmental criteria shows in the target water environment region, by the corresponding water environment benchmark of the target contaminant directly as region
Water standard limit value is feasible, executes no pressure in practice, i.e.,：Region water quality standard limited value is water environment base
Standard, flow terminate.
Step 104, the data information for obtaining the target contaminant in target water environment region, carries out target stains material resource
Parsing, obtains target stains material information；
In this step, if region exposure concentrations are more than corresponding water environment benchmark, show in the target water environment region
Interior, the corresponding water environment benchmark of the target contaminant of formulation is as region water quality standard limited value, it may not be possible to effectively carry out water
Environmental pollution improvement needs cost and the performance of enterprises in conjunction with enterprise's pollution treatment to reappraise region water quality standard limited value.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the data information packet of the target contaminant in the target water environment region of acquisition is collected
It includes：Target contaminant exposure data information etc. in the affiliated industry characteristic information of target contaminant, production blowdown information, water environment.It is logical
It crosses and source resolution is carried out to the data information of acquisition, more specific target stains material information can be obtained, for example, target stains
The main source information of object, main associated business information of emissions object pollutant etc..
It should be noted that step 103 and step 104 are there is no point of sequencing, step 104 can be in step 103
It executes, can also be performed simultaneously with step 103 before.
Step 105, it according to obtained target stains material information, collects target contaminant and discharges essential information；
In this step, by analyzing the main source information of target contaminant, the main phase of emissions object pollutant is obtained
Company information is closed, to obtaining investigating with the relevant main relevant enterprise of target contaminant discharge, collects target contaminant
Discharge essential information.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as alternative embodiment, target contaminant discharge essential information includes：Each main related enterprise
Industry production information, the contaminant information of primary discharge and corresponding pollutant discharge amount information, the sewage treatment technology of use letter
Breath etc..Certainly, in practical application, the detection on the spot of target contaminant discharge essential information can also be aided with when necessary.
Step 106, total actual emission of target contaminant is calculated using the target contaminant of collection discharge essential information；
In this step, first, essential information is discharged according to target contaminant, calculated relevant each with target contaminant discharge
Main relevant enterprise in target water environment region to the day discharge capacity of target contaminant, it is then, each main by what is be calculated
Relevant enterprise is added the day discharge capacity of target contaminant, obtains total actual emission of target contaminant.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as alternative embodiment, following formula can be utilized to calculate enterprise, the day of target contaminant is arranged
High-volume：
Ωji=ζji*Δj
In formula,
ΩjiFor the day discharge capacity of j-th of enterprise pair, i-th of target contaminant；
ζjiFor the concentration of i-th of target contaminant in the waste water of j-th of enterprise discharge；
ΔjThe wastewater flow rate daily discharged for j-th of enterprise.
Total actual emission of target contaminant is calculated using following formula：
In formula,
ΩiFor total actual emission of i-th of target contaminant, i.e., each main relevant enterprise pair in target water environment region
Average daily total actual emission of i-th of target contaminant；
N is that target contaminant discharges the main relevant enterprise number for including in essential information.
Step 107, the base of target contaminant is calculated according to water body total amount in water environment benchmark and target water environment region
Quasi- qualified discharge amount；
In this step, the benchmark qualified discharge amount of target contaminant is calculated using following formula：
Δi=λiΨ
In formula,
ΔiFor the benchmark qualified discharge amount of i-th of target contaminant；
λiFor in target water environment region, the corresponding water environment benchmark of i-th of target contaminant；
Ψ is water body total amount in target water environment region.
In the embodiment of the present invention, if total actual emission of preceding aim pollutant is average daily discharge capacity, target water
Water body total amount is average daily water body total amount in environmental area, if total actual emission of preceding aim pollutant is monthly discharge
Amount, then water body total amount is also monthly water body total amount in target water environment region, as long as keeping total actual discharge of target contaminant
Amount is consistent with the unit of account of water body total amount in target water environment region, and the embodiment of the present invention is not construed as limiting this.
It should be noted that step 107 and step 104 or step 106 be there is no point of sequencing, step 107 can be with
It executes, can also be executed with the either step between step 104 to step 106 before step 104.
Step 108, the difference of total actual emission of target contaminant and the benchmark qualified discharge amount of target contaminant is calculated
Value, obtains target contaminant emission reduction up to standard；
In this step, if necessary to keep target pollutant concentration in target water environment region to be less than corresponding water environment base
The maximum emission that standard allows needs to carry out emission reduction processing to total actual emission of target contaminant.
In the embodiment of the present invention, target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is calculated using following formula：
αi=Ωi-Δi
In formula,
aiFor i-th of target contaminant emission reduction up to standard.
Step 109, the emission reduction up to standard according to obtained target contaminant carries out cost effectiveness analysis, and obtaining enterprise can hold
The emission reduction received；
In this step, for the emission reduction of target contaminant, the emission reduction up to standard to target contaminant carries out cost-effectiveness point
Analysis, for example, can refer to " the environmental policy cost-benefit analysis technique guide " of USEPA recommendations, up to standard to target contaminant subtracts
Discharge capacity carries out cost effectiveness analysis.
In the embodiment of the present invention, best practicable technology, the emission reduction up to standard to target contaminant are used by calculating enterprise
Carry out the cost put into required for pollution treatment processing.Wherein,
The cost of required input is the difference of pollution treatment cost and pollution treatment income, wherein pollution treatment cost may include：Using
Advanced sewage treatment process, equipment introduce advanced production line etc. and need input and personnel, administration fee
Deng；Pollution treatment income includes：Government subsidy, technique income etc..Pollution treatment cost and pollution treatment income are compared and analyzed, so that it is determined that
The emission reduction that enterprise can bear.
In the embodiment of the present invention, by comparing pollution treatment cost and pollution treatment income, if pollution treatment cost is less than pollution treatment income, by
Positive income can be obtained during management goal pollutant in enterprise, target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is reached in expression is
Economic benefit can be born and can be generated in enterprise, and enterprise has motivation and driving force to complete target contaminant emission reduction up to standard.If
Pollution treatment cost is more than pollution treatment income, then can determine that enterprise can bear subtracts using pollution treatment income as a part for pollution treatment cost
Discharge capacity.
Step 110, judge whether target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is less than the emission reduction that enterprise can bear, if so,
Step 111 is executed, otherwise, executes step 112；
Step 111, using the corresponding water environment benchmark of the target contaminant in target water environment region as the region
Water standard limit value；
It, will if target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is less than or equal to the emission reduction that enterprise can bear in this step
The corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant in target water environment region is as region water quality standard limited value.
In the embodiment of the present invention, region water quality standard limited value is to consider most of aquatile in protection water body and obtain
, and region exposure concentrations are unfixed, are to be directed to single target pollutant, do not account for most of aquatic life in water body
Object, thus, the region water quality standard limited value of the embodiment of the present invention is obtained by considering the factors such as economy, technology, cost.
Step 112, the difference for calculating the emission reduction that target contaminant emission reduction up to standard can be born with enterprise, obtains redundancy
Discharge capacity；
In this step, following formula computing redundancy discharge capacity is utilized：
Λi=αi-σi
In formula,
ΛiFor the corresponding redundancy discharge capacity of i-th of target contaminant；
σiFor the emission reduction that enterprise can bear, i.e., the corresponding emission reduction of i-th of target contaminant that enterprise can bear.
In the embodiment of the present invention, for example, assuming that target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is 4ppm, for target dirt
Object emission reduction up to standard is contaminated, for pollution treatment cost, enterprise needs to introduce a set of production line or be researched and developed, and expense needs
4000000, personal expenditures needs 2,000,000, and administration fee needs 2,000,000, then completes target contaminant emission reduction up to standard, pollution treatment cost
It it is 8,000,000 yuan for the sum of above-mentioned three expenses；For pollution treatment income, including government subsidy 4,000,000, technique income 5,000,000, then
Pollution treatment income is 9,000,000.Since pollution treatment cost is less than pollution treatment income, illustrate that enterprise executes target contaminant emission reduction up to standard
Afterwards, surplus is had, positive income is generated, thus, the emission reduction that enterprise can bear is big by the emission reduction more up to standard than target contaminant, then
Region water quality standard limited value is set as the corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant in target water environment region.And if pollution treatment at
This is still 8,000,000, and in pollution treatment income, government subsidy is constant, and technique income is 3,000,000, then pollution treatment income is 7,000,000, in this way, reaching
Pollution treatment income is will be greater than at the pollution treatment cost of target contaminant emission reduction up to standard.In this case, it in the embodiment of the present invention, examines
Consider and pollution treatment income is all used for emission reduction, the target contaminant that perfect pipeline, increase people reach emission reduction up to standard is 3ppm, should
The emission reduction of the target contaminant reached is the emission reduction that enterprise can bear.In this way, redundancy emission reduction reaches for target contaminant
Target emission reduction (4ppm) subtracts the emission reduction (3ppm) that enterprise can bear, and in the embodiment of the present invention, by above-mentioned calculating, calculates
Obtained redundancy emission reduction is 1ppm.
Step 113, water body in the emission reduction and target water environment region up to standard according to redundancy discharge capacity, target contaminant
Total amount obtains the region water quality standard limited value.
In this step, following formula zoning water standard limit value is utilized：
In formula,
βiFor the corresponding region water quality standard limited value of i-th of target contaminant.
From the foregoing, it can be seen that the method that the embodiment of the present invention obtains region water quality standard limited value, improves the external prior art
In only consider environmental protection, do not consider the technical method of economic development, from China's water environment benchmark, calmodulin binding domain CaM pollution treatment at
This considers the demand of water environment protection and economic development, Neng Goutong as a whole with pollution treatment performance analysis according to the specific national conditions in China
When take into account economic development, enterprise development and Water Environmental Pollution Control, reduce the cost of Water Environmental Pollution Control so that in enterprise has
The regulation of region water quality standard limited value is executed in interests driven nature, Water Environmental Pollution Control implementation capacity is promoted, it is dirty to improve water environment
Contaminate regulation effect so that the method that the embodiment of the present invention obtains region water quality standard limited value has clear advantage and shows to China
The applicability in stage.
Fig. 3 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention obtains region water quality standard limited value.Referring to Fig. 3, the acquisition
The device of region water quality standard limited value includes：Region exposure concentrations detection module, actual emission acquisition module, benchmark row up to standard
High-volume computing module, cost effectiveness analysis module and region water quality standard limited value determining module, wherein
Region exposure concentrations detection module, for determining the target in target water environment region and target water environment region
Pollutant detects the region exposure concentrations of the target contaminant；
In the embodiment of the present invention, target water environment region and target contaminant can be determined according to practical pollution treatment demand, mesh
It marks in water environment region, one or more target contaminants can be chosen.
In the embodiment of the present invention, each target contaminant in target water environment region is corresponding with a region water quality mark
Quasi- limit value, i.e. region water quality standard limited value are for specific target contaminant, also referred to as regional aim pollutant water
Matter standard limited value.
In the embodiment of the present invention, different target contaminants generally has different in same target water environment region
Region exposure concentrations.And same target contaminant generally also has different regions sudden and violent in different target water environment regions
Reveal concentration.
Actual emission acquisition module, the region exposure concentrations for being detected in region exposure concentrations detection module are big
When the corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant in the target water environment region obtained in advance, the target contaminant is obtained
Total actual emission in target water environment region；
In the embodiment of the present invention, if the region exposure concentrations that detection obtains are not more than the target water environment obtained in advance
The corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant in region, by the corresponding water environment base of target contaminant in the target water environment region
The accurate region water quality standard limited value as target contaminant.Wherein, water environment benchmark can be the specified national water environment of country
Benchmark can also be the specified local water environment benchmark in each place.Water environment benchmark can be inquired to obtain by pertinent literature.
As alternative embodiment, actual emission acquisition module includes：Judging unit, target contaminant source resolution unit,
It discharges essential information and collects unit and total actual emission computing unit (not shown), wherein
Judging unit, for judging whether the region exposure concentrations that region exposure concentrations detection module detects are more than in advance
The corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant in the target water environment region first obtained, if it does, notice target contaminant
Source resolution unit；Otherwise, using the corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant in the target water environment region as target contaminant
Region water quality standard limited value；
Target contaminant source resolution unit, the data for obtaining the target contaminant in target water environment region are believed
Breath carries out target contaminant source resolution, obtains target stains material information；
In the embodiment of the present invention, the data information packet of the target contaminant in the target water environment region of acquisition is collected
It includes：Target contaminant exposure data information etc. in the affiliated industry characteristic information of target contaminant, production blowdown information, water environment.It is logical
It crosses and source resolution is carried out to the data information of acquisition, more specific target stains material information can be obtained, for example, target stains
The main source information of object, main associated business information of emissions object pollutant etc..
It discharges essential information and collects unit, for according to obtained target stains material information, collecting target contaminant row
Put essential information；
Total actual emission computing unit, for calculating target stains using the target contaminant discharge essential information collected
Total actual emission of object.
In the embodiment of the present invention, essential information is discharged according to target contaminant, is calculated relevant with target contaminant discharge
Each main relevant enterprise in target water environment region to the day discharge capacity of target contaminant, then, each master that will be calculated
It wants relevant enterprise to be added the day discharge capacity of target contaminant, obtains total actual emission of target contaminant.Wherein,
Day discharge capacity of the enterprise to target contaminant is calculated using following formula：
Ωji=ζji*Δj
Total actual emission of target contaminant is calculated using following formula：
Benchmark qualified discharge amount computing module, for according in the water environment benchmark and target water environment region
Water body total amount calculates the benchmark qualified discharge amount of target contaminant；
In the embodiment of the present invention, total actual emission in target water environment region is average daily in target water environment region
Total actual emission, water body total amount is the average daily total amount of water body in target water environment region in target water environment region.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the benchmark qualified discharge amount of target contaminant is calculated using following formula：
Δi=λiΨ
The benchmark of cost effectiveness analysis module, total actual emission and target contaminant for calculating target contaminant reaches
The difference for marking discharge capacity, obtains target contaminant emission reduction up to standard, the emission reduction up to standard to the target contaminant carry out at
This performance analysis obtains the emission reduction that enterprise can bear；
In the embodiment of the present invention, cost effectiveness analysis module includes：Target contaminant emission reduction computing unit up to standard with
And cost effectiveness analysis unit (not shown), wherein
Target contaminant emission reduction computing unit up to standard, total actual emission for calculating target contaminant and target
The difference of the benchmark qualified discharge amount of pollutant, obtains target contaminant emission reduction up to standard；
Cost effectiveness analysis unit carries out cost effectiveness analysis for the emission reduction up to standard to the target contaminant, obtains
The emission reduction that can be born to enterprise.
In the embodiment of the present invention, calculates enterprise and best practicable technology, the emission reduction up to standard to target contaminant is used to carry out
The cost put into required for pollution treatment processing.Wherein,
The cost of required input is the difference of pollution treatment cost and pollution treatment income, wherein pollution treatment cost may include：Using
Advanced sewage treatment process, equipment introduce advanced production line etc. and need input and personnel, administration fee
Deng；Pollution treatment income includes：Government subsidy, technique income etc..Pollution treatment cost and pollution treatment income are compared and analyzed, so that it is determined that
The emission reduction that enterprise can bear.
Target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is calculated using following formula：
αi=Ωi-Δi
Region water quality standard limited value determining module, if target contaminant emission reduction up to standard subtracting of being less than that enterprise can bear
Discharge capacity, using the water environment benchmark as region water quality standard limited value, if target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is not less than enterprise
The emission reduction that industry can be born, difference, the target for the emission reduction that the emission reduction up to standard according to target contaminant can be born with enterprise are dirty
It contaminates water body total amount in object emission reduction and target water environment region up to standard and obtains the region water quality standard limited value.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as alternative embodiment, region water quality standard limited value determining module includes：Emission reduction judges
Unit, redundancy Emission amount calculation unit and region water quality standard limited value computing unit (not shown), wherein
Emission reduction judging unit, for judging whether target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is less than the emission reduction that enterprise can bear
Otherwise amount, notifies redundancy Emission amount calculation unit if so, using the water environment benchmark as region water quality standard limited value；
Redundancy Emission amount calculation unit, the emission reduction that can be born for calculating target contaminant emission reduction up to standard and enterprise
Difference, obtain redundancy discharge capacity；
In the embodiment of the present invention, following formula computing redundancy discharge capacity is utilized：
Λi=αi-σi
Region water quality standard limited value computing unit, for computing redundancy discharge capacity and target contaminant emission reduction up to standard
With, will be calculated and divided by target water environment region in water body total amount, obtain the region water quality standard limited value.
In the embodiment of the present invention, following formula zoning water standard limit value is utilized：
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made by any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method obtaining region water quality standard limited value, this method include：
It determines the target contaminant in target water environment region and target water environment region, detects the area of the target contaminant
Domain exposure concentrations, the region exposure concentrations measure reality of the target contaminant in target water environment region by various point
Exposure concentrations obtain；
It is corresponding to be more than target contaminant in the target water environment region obtained in advance in the region exposure concentrations that detection obtains
When water environment benchmark, total actual emission of the target contaminant in target water environment region is obtained；
The benchmark that target contaminant is calculated according to water body total amount in the water environment benchmark and target water environment region reaches
Mark discharge capacity；
The difference for calculating total actual emission of target contaminant and the benchmark qualified discharge amount of target contaminant obtains target dirt
Object emission reduction up to standard is contaminated, the emission reduction up to standard to the target contaminant carries out cost effectiveness analysis, and obtaining enterprise can bear
Emission reduction；
If target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is less than the emission reduction that enterprise can bear, using the water environment benchmark as region
Water standard limit value, if target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is not less than the emission reduction that enterprise can bear, according to target stains
The difference for the emission reduction that object emission reduction up to standard can be born with enterprise, target contaminant emission reduction and target water environment up to standard
Water body total amount obtains the region water quality standard limited value in region；
If detecting obtained region exposure concentrations is not more than target contaminant pair in the target water environment region obtained in advance
The water environment benchmark answered, using the water environment benchmark as region water quality standard limited value.
2. the method as described in claim 1, the acquisition target contaminant is total in target water environment region
Actual emission includes：
The data information of the target contaminant in target water environment region is obtained, target contaminant source resolution is carried out, obtains mesh
Mark contamination sources information；
According to obtained target stains material information, collects target contaminant and discharge essential information；
Total actual emission of target contaminant is calculated using the target contaminant discharge essential information of collection.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, described to calculate target stains using the target contaminant collected discharge essential information
Total actual emission of object includes：
Essential information is discharged according to target contaminant, calculates and discharges relevant each main relevant enterprise in target with target contaminant
To the day discharge capacity of target contaminant in water environment region；
Each main relevant enterprise being calculated is added the day discharge capacity of target contaminant, obtains total reality of target contaminant
Border discharge capacity.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, the data information include：The affiliated industry characteristic information of target contaminant, production row
Target contaminant exposes data information in dirty information and water environment；The target contaminant source information includes：Target contaminant
Main source information and emissions object pollutant main associated business information；The target contaminant discharges essential information
Including：Each main relevant enterprise production information, the contaminant information of primary discharge and corresponding pollutant discharge amount information and
The sewage treatment technical information of use.
5. the method as described in claim 1, the benchmark qualified discharge amount of the target contaminant be the water environment benchmark with
And in the target water environment region water body total amount product.
6. the method as described in claim 1, the emission reduction that the emission reduction up to standard according to target contaminant can be born with enterprise
Water body total amount obtains the region water quality mark in the difference of amount, target contaminant emission reduction up to standard and target water environment region
Quasi- limit value includes：
The difference for calculating the emission reduction that target contaminant emission reduction up to standard can be born with enterprise, obtains redundancy discharge capacity；
Computing redundancy discharge capacity and target contaminant emission reduction up to standard and；
Will be calculated and divided by target water environment region in water body total amount, obtain the region water quality standard limited value.
7. a kind of device obtaining region water quality standard limited value, the device include：Region exposure concentrations detection module, actual discharge
Amount acquisition module, benchmark qualified discharge amount computing module, cost effectiveness analysis module and region water quality standard limited value determine mould
Block, wherein
Region exposure concentrations detection module, for determining the target stains in target water environment region and target water environment region
Object, detects the region exposure concentrations of the target contaminant, and the region exposure concentrations measure the target stains by various point
Actual exposed concentration of the object in target water environment region obtains；
Actual emission acquisition module, the region exposure concentrations for being detected in region exposure concentrations detection module are more than pre-
In the target water environment region first obtained when the corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant, the target contaminant is obtained in institute
State total actual emission in target water environment region；
Benchmark qualified discharge amount computing module, for according to water body in the water environment benchmark and target water environment region
Total amount calculates the benchmark qualified discharge amount of target contaminant；
Cost effectiveness analysis module, the benchmark row up to standard of total actual emission and target contaminant for calculating target contaminant
Difference high-volume, obtains target contaminant emission reduction up to standard, and the emission reduction up to standard to the target contaminant carries out cost effect
Benefit analysis, obtains the emission reduction that enterprise can bear；
Region water quality standard limited value determining module, if target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is less than the emission reduction that enterprise can bear
Amount regard the water environment benchmark as region water quality standard limited value, if target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is not less than enterprise
The emission reduction that can be born, difference, the target stains of the emission reduction that the emission reduction up to standard according to target contaminant can be born with enterprise
Water body total amount obtains the region water quality standard limited value in object emission reduction up to standard and target water environment region.
8. device as claimed in claim 7, the region water quality standard limited value determining module include：Emission reduction judging unit,
Redundancy Emission amount calculation unit and region water quality standard limited value computing unit, wherein
Emission reduction judging unit, for judging whether target contaminant emission reduction up to standard is less than the emission reduction that enterprise can bear,
If so, using the water environment benchmark as region water quality standard limited value, otherwise, redundancy Emission amount calculation unit is notified；
Redundancy Emission amount calculation unit, the difference for calculating the emission reduction that target contaminant emission reduction up to standard and enterprise can be born
Value, obtains redundancy discharge capacity；
Region water quality standard limited value computing unit, for computing redundancy discharge capacity and target contaminant emission reduction up to standard and,
Will be calculated and divided by target water environment region in water body total amount, obtain the region water quality standard limited value.
9. device as claimed in claim 7, the actual emission acquisition module include：Judging unit, target stains material resource
Resolution unit, discharge essential information collect unit and total actual emission computing unit, wherein
Judging unit obtains in advance for judging whether region exposure concentrations that region exposure concentrations detection module detects are more than
The corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant in the target water environment region taken, if it does, notice target stains material resource solution
Analyse unit；Otherwise, using the corresponding water environment benchmark of target contaminant in the target water environment region as the area of target contaminant
Domain water standard limit value；
Target contaminant source resolution unit, the data information for obtaining the target contaminant in target water environment region, into
Row target contaminant source resolution, obtains target stains material information；
It discharges essential information and collects unit, for according to obtained target stains material information, collecting target contaminant and discharging base
This information；
Total actual emission computing unit, for calculating target contaminant using the target contaminant discharge essential information collected
Total actual emission；
The cost effectiveness analysis module includes：Target contaminant emission reduction computing unit up to standard and cost effectiveness analysis list
Member, wherein
Target contaminant emission reduction computing unit up to standard, total actual emission for calculating target contaminant and target stains
The difference of the benchmark qualified discharge amount of object, obtains target contaminant emission reduction up to standard；
Cost effectiveness analysis unit carries out cost effectiveness analysis for the emission reduction up to standard to the target contaminant, is looked forward to
The emission reduction that industry can be born.
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