CN105589330A - Controllable device load characteristic modeling method and system - Google Patents

Controllable device load characteristic modeling method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105589330A
CN105589330A CN201511003864.XA CN201511003864A CN105589330A CN 105589330 A CN105589330 A CN 105589330A CN 201511003864 A CN201511003864 A CN 201511003864A CN 105589330 A CN105589330 A CN 105589330A
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controllable device
time
part throttle
throttle characteristics
model
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CN105589330B (en
Inventor
董旭柱
吴争荣
孔祥玉
杨群
陈立明
刘志文
谢雄威
陶文伟
高立克
禤亮
何锡祺
黄晓胜
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Tianjin University
Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
Nanning Power Supply Bureau of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
Research Institute of Southern Power Grid Co Ltd
CSG Power Dispatching and Control Center Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tianjin University
Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
Nanning Power Supply Bureau of Guangxi Power Grid Co Ltd
Power Grid Technology Research Center of China Southern Power Grid Co Ltd
Research Institute of Southern Power Grid Co Ltd
CSG Power Dispatching and Control Center Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
    • G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
    • G05B13/04—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
    • G05B13/042—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Feedback Control In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a controllable device load characteristic modeling method and system, wherein the method comprises the steps of: collecting the power information of a controllable device, and generating a load curve according to the power information; optimizing the load curve according to time optimal step sizes, and obtaining the optimal load curves of the controllable device; dividing the optimal load curves to obtain the one-dimensional working condition vector of the controllable device, wherein each element in the one-dimensional working condition vector corresponds to the work state of the controllable device in each time optimal step size; and obtaining the load characteristic model of the controllable device according to the one-dimensional working condition vector. The controllable device load characteristic modeling method and system can not simplify a present model, and are not restricted to the concrete form of the controllable device; accordingly, the controllable device load characteristic modeling method and system can describe the controllable device more comprehensively and more accurately, have greater expansibility, and adapt to various future resident household controllable devices in a large quantity.

Description

Part throttle characteristics modeling method and the system of controllable device
Technical field
The present invention relates to Smart Home field, particularly relate to a kind of part throttle characteristics modeling method of controllable deviceAnd system.
Background technology
Along with the intellectuality of resident's household internal consumer and the development of the communication technology, resident's household internalControllability and the intellectuality of consumer increase greatly, but because the kind of resident's household electricity equipment is more,Even the load classification modeling aspect Shortcomings part of existing consumer, is mainly manifested in and lacks comparativelyThe part throttle characteristics modeling method of perfect household electricity equipment, cause the model of household electricity equipment comparatively single,Classify comparatively simple, and in most cases only consider single thermodynamics load. For household electricity equipment,Although comparatively simple model can be more targeted in control algolithm, effectively in analog familyActual electricity consumption situation, and model confusion too simple and idealized and classification more can further affect calculationThe practicality of method and expansion.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary for the load classification model of consumer too simply, cannot effectively simulate useThe problem of the actual electricity consumption at family, provides a kind of part throttle characteristics modeling method and system of controllable device, by negativeThe foundation of lotus characteristic model, realizes the description to different controllable devices.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A part throttle characteristics modeling method for controllable device, said method comprising the steps of:
Gather the power information of controllable device, and generate load curve according to described power information;
According to time-optimized step-length, described load curve is optimized, the optimization that obtains described controllable device is negativeLotus curve;
Described optimization load curve is divided, is obtained the one dimension duty vector of described controllable device,Each element in described one dimension duty vector is corresponding to described controlled in time-optimized step-length described in eachThe duty of equipment;
Obtain the part throttle characteristics model of described controllable device according to described one dimension duty vector.
Meanwhile, the present invention also proposes a kind of part throttle characteristics modeling of controllable device, and described system comprises:
Harvester, for gathering the power information of controllable device, and generates load according to described power informationCurve;
Optimization device, for according to time-optimized step-length, described load curve being optimized, can described in obtainingThe optimization load curve of control equipment;
Divide device, for described optimization load curve is divided, obtain the one dimension of described controllable deviceDuty vector, each element in described one dimension duty vector is corresponding to described in each time periodThe duty of controllable device;
Model building device, for obtaining the part throttle characteristics of described controllable device according to described one dimension duty vectorModel.
Part throttle characteristics modeling method and the system of above-mentioned controllable device, by gathering the power information of controllable device,Generate load curve according to power information, and after load curve is optimized, is divided, obtain one of correspondenceTie up duty vector, can obtain the part throttle characteristics of controllable device according to corresponding one dimension duty vectorModel. The part throttle characteristics modeling method of controllable device proposed by the invention and system not only can not make existing mouldType is simplified, and can be not limited to the concrete form of controllable device, the therefore not only description to controllable deviceMore comprehensively, accurately, and autgmentability is strong, can adapt to the spy that following consumer quantity is large, kind is manyPoint.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow process signal of the part throttle characteristics modeling method of controllable device in one of them embodiment of the present inventionFigure;
Fig. 2 is controllable device AnOptimization load chart;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the part throttle characteristics modeling of controllable device in one of them embodiment of the present inventionFigure.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
In an embodiment, shown in Figure 1 therein, a kind of part throttle characteristics modeling method of controllable device,Said method comprising the steps of:
S100 gathers the power information of controllable device, and generates load curve according to described power information;
S110 is optimized described load curve according to time-optimized step-length, obtains the excellent of described controllable deviceChange load curve;
S120 divides described optimization load curve, the one dimension duty that obtains described controllable device toAmount, each element in described duty vector is corresponding to described controlled in time-optimized step-length described in eachThe duty of equipment;
S130 obtains the part throttle characteristics model of described controllable device according to described one dimension duty vector.
In the present embodiment, controllable device comprise subscriber household use, can pass through demand response (DemandReponse, DR) consumer controlled of program, as dry in intelligent electric rice cooker, intelligent washing machine, intelligenceClothing machine, Intelligent hot kettle and intelligent water heater etc., be swift in response because the programme controlled DR equipment of DR has,The features such as the little and environmental protection of cost, are therefore accepted and use by numerous resident family, as a kind of concreteEmbodiment, controllable device is the consumer of access home area network, wherein home area network is onePlant Based Intelligent Control and the communication technology, home area network comprises wide area network and LAN two parts, local netting gearHave equipment control function, wide area network is responsible for the transmission of the each LAN of connection and data etc., home area networkThe intelligent control function of network makes user can control by the DR program of setting user's controllable device, wrapsDraw together television set, computer, air-conditioning, water heater etc. Particularly, gather the power information of controllable device, and rootGenerate load curve according to the power information collecting, as a kind of concrete embodiment, can pass through Home ZoneThe power information of territory network automatic acquisition controllable device, thus the effect of the part throttle characteristics modeling of controllable device improvedRate and real-time.
Generally, the load curve of the controllable device that user uses is a continuous curve, in this realityExecute in example, for the difficulty of simplified apparatus model and reduction algorithm optimization, at the load curve to controllable deviceIn the process being optimized, select reasonable time Optimal Step Size Δ t, and by load curve time intervalLoad curve equivalence in each time-optimized step delta t becomes the line segment of a level, thinks at eachIn individual time-optimized step delta t, controllable device is output-constant operation, therefore, and can be by a continuous load songLine is reduced to the broken line of a segmentation, and every section parallel with time coordinate axle, has obtained the optimization of controllable deviceLoad curve, this optimization load curve Optimal Step Size Δ t and changing in time, time-optimized step delta t is shorter,The optimization load curve obtaining approaches real load curve;
Obtain and optimize after load curve, divide optimizing load curve, obtain the one dimension work of controllable deviceMake state vector, below with the controllable device A shown in Fig. 2nOptimization load chart be that example describes,Controllable device AnThe task of finishing the work needs the electricity consumption time of I time-optimized step delta t, can from Fig. 2Find out, select time Optimal Step Size Δ t is 15 minutes, and Δ t=1/4 hour, therefore draws load curveKnown after point, controllable device AnMoving a complete working cycles needs 1 hour 45 minutes, amounts to 7The time of individual time-optimized step delta t, i.e. I=7. Therefore in the situation that time-optimized step delta t is certain,Controllable device AnOne dimension duty vector SnCan represent with following formula
S n = [ s n 1 , s n 2 , ... , s n I ] - - - ( 1 )
Wherein one dimension duty vector SnElement(1≤i≤I) is a binary number (0 or 1), usesControllable device A within representing each time-optimized step delta tnOn off state.
After obtaining the one dimension duty vector of controllable device, the part throttle characteristics of different controllable devices is enteredRow modeling, obtains the part throttle characteristics model of controllable device, comprise transferable characteristic model, can break feature mouldType, time-constrain characteristic model, the changeable characteristic model of pattern and index continuation property model. Above-mentioned controlledThe part throttle characteristics modeling method of equipment, by gathering the power information of controllable device, generates negative according to power informationLotus curve, and after load curve is optimized, is divided, obtain corresponding one dimension duty vector, rootCan obtain the part throttle characteristics model of controllable device according to corresponding one dimension duty vector. Proposed by the inventionThe part throttle characteristics modeling method of controllable device not only can not make existing model simplification, and can be not limited toThe concrete form of controllable device, therefore not only to the description of controllable device more comprehensively, accurately, and expansionProperty strong, can adapt to the feature that following resident family controllable device quantity is large, kind is many.
As a kind of concrete embodiment, obtain the load spy of controllable device according to one dimension duty vectorProperty model process comprise: one dimension duty vector is resolved, obtains one dimension duty vector rightThe basic model of answering; Determine the part throttle characteristics model of controllable device according to basic model. In the present embodiment,Obtain controllable device AnOne dimension duty vector after, one dimension duty vector is resolved, canControl device AnLoad curve in the load curve of this I time period be considered as by I virtual unit independentlyLoad curve be formed by stacking, use vectorial I=[1,2 .., i ... I] represent this I independently virtual unit, eachVirtual unit is only worked time of a time-optimized step delta t, and the running status of each virtual unit canWith the running status vector X of following formulaiRepresent
X i = [ x i 1 , x i 2 , ... , x i t , ... x i T ] , ∀ i ∈ I - - - ( 2 )
Wherein running status vector XiElement(1≤j≤T) is a binary number (0 or 1), whereinI represents the numbering of virtual unit, and t represents the numbering of time-optimized step delta t,Be used for representing each virtual establishingStandby on off state. Running status vector XiIn elementBe 1, represent that i virtual unit is at tIn time period, be opening, represent off state otherwise be 0. So far, can be with a series of vectors orPerson is the basic model that a two-dimensional matrix builds controllable device.
Can find out from description above, these a series of vectors need to meet following constraints: first,Each virtual unit is only worked time of a Δ t, can only in the running status vector of each virtual unitHaving an element is 1, and the element in running status vector need meet following formula:
Σ t = 1 T x i t = 1 , ∀ i ∈ I - - - ( 3 )
Secondly, be the workflow of an equipment due to what describe, therefore the job order of virtual unit is solidFixed, in each time-optimized step delta t, can only there is a virtual unit in work, and rear virtual establishingStandby must just can starting working after previous virtual unit end-of-job, for two virtual units If i1＜i2, t1＜t2,
Σ t = 1 T x i + 1 t · t - Σ t = 1 T x i t · t ≥ 1 , ∀ i ∈ I - - - ( 4 )
The part throttle characteristics model of determining controllable device according to basic model, comprises transferable characteristic model, timeBinding feature model, can break feature model, the changeable characteristic model of pattern and index continuation property model.Below these five kinds of part throttle characteristics models are described respectively:
(1) transferable characteristic model
For some controllable device, can be under the control of DR program on the basis of original work plan itThe time in advance upper or delay is started working, for example washing machine should be worked in the original plan after user's supper, butBe due to user's request, the time period that DR program can be advanceed to afternoon completes the work of laundry, thereforeThis row load has transferable characteristic. For transferable controllable device An, be set by the user ideal operationTime started is tideal, the time that maximum is transferred is Δ tm, AnMeet
|t-tideal|≤Δtm(5)
(2) can break feature model
The course of work of some controllable device can be interrupted a period of time, then works on, and this class is controlled establishesHaving got everything ready can break feature, and its part throttle characteristics model is called can break feature model. Can interrupt spy for havingThe controllable device (as electric automobile, water heater, dryer etc.) of property, the time t of outageoffRepresent,Turn-off number of times noffWith representing, can preset maximum according to the feature of controllable device and user's subjective desireTurn-off time Δ toffmaxAnd the maximum turn-off number of times n allowing in a course of workoffmax,
toff≤toffmax(6)
noff≤noffmax
If controllable device AnAlso to working time Constrained:
toff≤te-ts-I(7)
Corresponding as controllable devices such as washing machines, Once you begin work and just can not interrupt, otherwise cannot be normalFinish the work, cannot interrupt the controllable device of working cycles for this class, only need to be by toffWith noffTwo ginsengsNumber is set to zero.
(3) time-constrain characteristic model
Need within the specific time, complete the controllable device of working separately for some, by DR control terminalIn advance the time parameter of these controllable devices is set, this class working time, upper constrained equipment was calledPossess the controllable device of time-constrain characteristic, its part throttle characteristics model is called time-constrain characteristic model. Use tsTableShow controllable device AnThe time that can start working the earliest, use teRepresent controllable device AnFinish the work at the latestTime. That is:
The controllable device with time-constrain characteristic can have tsAnd teThe constraint of two parameters, also can only have itIn some parameters. For example electric automobile, working day will be before user comes home from work working in second dayComplete charging process, so as trip smoothly in second day, therefore t for electric automobiles＝18(18:00，Δt＝1h)、te=8 (second day 8:00, Δ t=1h); And for water heater, before user sleeps evening, have a bathNeed to use hot water, the temperature of hot water in water heater just can as long as met the requirements of temperature before user has a bathWith, when starting heating as for water heater and controlled by DR program, user can artificially not set, thereforeOnly has t for this class controllable device of water heatereA parameter, and there is no ts。
(4) the changeable characteristic model of pattern
Controllable device has various modes can be selected for user, and the intelligence of the power gear that different mode brings is cutChange. Machine-wash unlike material, weight clothes during as done washing, there is various modes to select; In water heater heating time, alsoThere is different power modes; Air purifier also has the operational mode for different air qualities. Supposing canControl device AnComprise Kn kind operational mode, use vectorial kn＝{1,…,kn,…,KnDescribe, for this controllable device,Defining its corresponding energy consumption is?Indication equipment AnAt knPlant mouldThe energy consumption moving under formula.
(5) index continuation property model
The controllable device with load continuation property refers to except the working time, also to have other measurement workThe index of effect, such as water heater heats water, the temperature of water is exactly to weigh the index of water heater working effect;Temperature in air-conditioning conditioning chamber, room temperature is exactly to weigh the index of air-conditioning work effect; Air purifier is to indoorAir purify, IAQ is exactly the index of weighing air purifier working effect.
The feature of this class controllable device is that various indexs are continually varyings, and the working effect of a upper period can be rightThe work of next period exerts an influence. Taking water heater as example, suppose that in water heater, the temperature that requires of hot water is θ0,Because temperature is not invariable accurate physical quantity, can be the Temperature Setting bound of hot water, above limit the use of θmaxRepresent, under limit the use of θminRepresent i.e. θmin≤θ0≤θmax. In water heater the temperature of hot water water heater working timeTime water temperature rises, use hot water (cold water inflows) or naturally cooling in the situation that temperature can reduce, bearLotus characteristic model can be used shown in formula (9) expression:
θ t + 1 = V - d t V ( θ e n t ( 1 - e - Δ t R C ) + d t V · θ e n t + e - Δ t R C · θ t + X t · Q · R ( 1 - e - Δ t R C ) ) - - - ( 9 )
Wherein, θtBe illustrated in the temperature of t time; dtRepresent the heat energy use amount in the t time period;Represent tEnvironment temperature in time period or inflow Temperature of Working; R and C represent respectively thermal resistance and the heat of controllable deviceHold; V and Q represent respectively volume and the total capacity of controllable device of working medium in controllable device.
As a kind of concrete embodiment, load curve is the load song of controllable device in Preset Time intervalLine. Because the controllable device kind that subscriber household uses is more, and the service time of different controllable devices is notWith, for example water heater is used for morning and time in night, and electric automobile is used for the time on daytime, thereforeFor different controllable devices, the time interval difference at its load curve place, therefore, when to a certainWhen controllable device carries out modeling Simulation, need the load curve in Preset Time interval be analyzed, be simulated,Therefore be the negative of controllable device in Preset Time interval for the load curve of modeling in the present embodiment,Lotus curve, the Preset Time interval while setting simulation according to the working time point of controllable device, when defaultBetween outside interval, because controllable device is not worked, therefore can not gather the load of controllable device, thus jointApproximately gather the cost of controllable device load, improve the modeling efficiency of controllable device part throttle characteristics simultaneously.
As a kind of concrete embodiment, according to the determine precision time of the power information of collection controllable deviceOptimal Step Size. In the present embodiment, time-optimized step-length is according to the power information that gathers controllable devicePrecision obtains, and the collection of the power information of controllable device is mainly by acquisition terminal, controllable device to be enteredRow monitoring periodicity gather its power and obtain, and generate controllable device according to the power information collectingLoad curve, therefore gathering in the process of power information of controllable device, the sampling precision of acquisition terminalAccuracy impact for the load curve of controllable device is larger, and its precision is also determining to the song of loadingThe time-optimized step-length adopting when line is optimized, if sampling precision is larger compared with low and time-optimized step-length,Certainly will cause the optimization of the load curve to controllable device inaccurate, if instead sampling precision is compared with high and timeOptimal Step Size is less, has wasted to a certain extent sampling resource, therefore, and need to be according to gathering controllable deviceThe sampling precision of information determine suitable time-optimized step-length, when ensureing optimum results to realize, carryHigh efficiency, reduces costs.
As a kind of concrete embodiment, controllable device is the consumer of access home area network, bagDraw together intelligent electric rice cooker, intelligent washing machine, Intelligent clothes dryer, Intelligent hot kettle and intelligent water heater. Controlled establishingStandby comprise that subscriber household uses, can be undertaken by demand response (DemandReponse, DR) programThe consumer of controlling, as intelligent electric rice cooker, intelligent washing machine, Intelligent clothes dryer, Intelligent hot kettle and intelligenceEnergy water heater etc., in the present embodiment, controllable device is the consumer of access home area network, because ofWhen this power information at collection controllable device or other job informations, can enter by home area networkRow gathers and transfer of data, has improved the efficiency of information gathering.
Meanwhile, the invention allows for a kind of part throttle characteristics modeling of controllable device, shown in Figure 3,Described system comprises:
Harvester 300, for gathering the power information of controllable device, and generates negative according to described power informationLotus curve;
Optimization device 310, for according to time-optimized step-length, described load curve being optimized, described in acquisitionThe optimization load curve of controllable device;
Divide device 320, for described optimization load curve is divided, obtain one of described controllable deviceDimension duty vector, each element in described one dimension duty vector is corresponding to institute in each time periodState the duty of controllable device;
Model building device 330, for obtaining the load spy of described controllable device according to described one dimension duty vectorProperty model.
In the present embodiment, controllable device refers to pass through demand response (DemandReponse, DR) journeyThe equipment that order is controlled, as intelligent electric rice cooker, intelligent washing machine, Intelligent clothes dryer, Intelligent hot kettle andIntelligent water heaters etc., are swift in response because the programme controlled DR equipment of DR has, the little and environmental protection of cost etc.Feature, is therefore accepted and uses by numerous resident family, as a kind of concrete embodiment, controlled establishingThe standby consumer for access home area network, wherein home area network is a kind of Based Intelligent Control and communicationTechnology, home area network comprises wide area network and LAN two parts, LAN has equipment control function,Wide area network is responsible for the transmission of the each LAN of connection and data etc., the intelligent control function of home area networkMake user to control user's controllable device by the DR program of setting, comprise television set, computer,Air-conditioning, water heater etc. Particularly, gather the power information of controllable device, and according to the power letter collectingBreath generates load curve, as a kind of concrete embodiment, and can by home area network automatic acquisitionThe power information of control equipment, thus efficiency and the real-time of the part throttle characteristics modeling of controllable device improved. . SpecificallyGround, harvester 300, optimization device 310, division device 320 are connected successively with model building device 330, adoptAcquisition means 300 gathers the power information of controllable device, and generates load curve according to power information, general feelingsUnder condition, the load curve of the controllable device that user uses is a continuous curve, in the present embodiment, forSimplified apparatus model and reduce the difficulty of algorithm optimization, optimization device 310 is at the load song to controllable deviceIn the process that line is optimized, select reasonable time Optimal Step Size Δ t, and by load curve time intervalEach time-optimized step delta t in load curve equivalence become the line segment of a level, think oftenIn a time-optimized step delta t, controllable device is output-constant operation, therefore, and can be by a continuous loadCurve is reduced to the broken line of a segmentation, and every section parallel with time coordinate axle, has obtained the excellent of controllable deviceChange load curve, this optimization load curve Optimal Step Size Δ t and changing in time, time-optimized step delta t is shorter,The optimization load curve obtaining approaches real load curve;
Optimization device 310 obtains to be optimized after load curve, divides device 320 and draws optimizing load curvePoint, the one dimension duty vector of acquisition controllable device, still with the controllable device A shown in Fig. 2nOptimization negativeLotus curve map is that example describes, controllable device AnThe task of finishing the work needs I time-optimized step delta t'sThe electricity consumption time, as can be seen from Figure 2, optimization device 310 select time Optimal Step Size Δ t are 15 minutes,Be Δ t=1/4 hour, therefore optimization device 310 is known after load curve is divided, controllable device AnFortuneComplete working cycles of row needs 1 hour 45 minutes, amounts to the time of 7 time-optimized step delta t,Be I=7. Therefore in the situation that time-optimized step delta t is certain, controllable device AnOne dimension work shapeState vector SnCan represent with following formula
S n = [ s n 1 , s n 2 , ... , s n I ] - - - ( 1 )
Wherein one dimension duty vector SnElement(1≤i≤I) is a binary number (0 or 1), usesControllable device A within representing each time-optimized step delta tnOn off state.
After obtaining the one dimension duty vector of controllable device, model building device 330 is to different controllable devicesPart throttle characteristics carry out modeling, obtain the part throttle characteristics model of controllable device, comprise transferable characteristic model,Can break feature model, time-constrain characteristic model, the changeable characteristic model of pattern and index continuation property mouldType. The part throttle characteristics modeling of above-mentioned controllable device is by gathering the power information of controllable device, according to meritRate Information generation load curve, and after load curve is optimized, is divided, obtain corresponding one dimension workState vector, can obtain the part throttle characteristics model of controllable device according to corresponding one dimension duty vector.The part throttle characteristics modeling of controllable device proposed by the invention not only can not make existing model simplification, andCan be not limited to the concrete form of controllable device, therefore not only more comprehensive, accurate to the description of controllable deviceReally, and autgmentability is strong, can adapt to the feature that following resident family controllable device quantity is large, kind is many.
As a kind of concrete embodiment, model building device comprises parsing module and model determination module, resolvesModule is resolved one dimension duty vector, obtains basic model corresponding to one dimension duty vector;Model determination module is determined the part throttle characteristics model of controllable device according to basic model. In the present embodiment,Obtain controllable device AnOne dimension duty vector after, the parsing module in model building device is to one dimension work shapeState vector is resolved, by controllable device AnLoad curve in the load curve of this I time period be considered asBe formed by stacking by the individual independently load curve of virtual unit of I, use vectorial I=[1,2 .., i ... I] represent this IIndependently virtual unit, each virtual unit is only worked time of a time-optimized step delta t, each voidProposing standby running status can be with the running status vector X of following formulaiRepresent
X i = [ x i 1 , x i 2 , ... , x i t , ... x i T ] , ∀ i ∈ I - - - ( 2 )
Wherein running status vector XiElement(1≤j≤T) is a binary number (0 or 1), whereinI represents the numbering of virtual unit, and t represents the numbering of time-optimized step delta t,Be used for representing each virtual establishingStandby on off state. Running status vector XiIn elementBe 1, represent that i virtual unit is at tIn time period, be opening, represent off state otherwise be 0. So far, parsing module can be with oneColumn vector or two-dimensional matrix build the basic model of controllable device.
Can find out from description above, these a series of vectors need to meet following constraints: first,Each virtual unit is only worked time of a Δ t, can only in the running status vector of each virtual unitHaving an element is 1, and the element in running status vector need meet following formula:
Σ t = 1 T x i t = 1 , ∀ i ∈ I - - - ( 3 )
Secondly, be the workflow of an equipment due to what describe, therefore the job order of virtual unit is solidFixed, in each time-optimized step delta t, can only there is a virtual unit in work, and rear virtual establishingStandby must just can starting working after previous virtual unit end-of-job, for two virtual units If i1＜i2, t1＜t2,
Σ t = 1 T x i + 1 t · t - Σ t = 1 T x i t · t ≥ 1 , ∀ i ∈ I - - - ( 4 )
Model determination module is determined the part throttle characteristics model of controllable device according to basic model, comprise transferable spyProperty model, time-constrain characteristic model, can break feature model, the changeable characteristic model of pattern and index connectContinuous characteristic model. Below these five kinds of part throttle characteristics models are described respectively:
(1) transferable characteristic model
For some controllable device, can be under the control of DR program on the basis of original work plan itThe time in advance upper or delay is started working, for example washing machine should be worked in the original plan after user's supper, butBe due to user's request, the time period that DR program can be advanceed to afternoon completes the work of laundry, thereforeThis row load has transferable characteristic. For transferable controllable device An, be set by the user ideal operationTime started is tideal, the time that maximum is transferred is Δ tm, AnMeet
|t-tideal|≤Δtm(5)
(2) can break feature model
The course of work of some controllable device can be interrupted a period of time, then works on, and this class is controlled establishesHaving got everything ready can break feature, and its part throttle characteristics model is called can break feature model. Can interrupt spy for havingThe controllable device (as electric automobile, water heater, dryer etc.) of property, the time t of outageoffRepresent,Turn-off number of times noffWith representing, can preset maximum according to the feature of controllable device and user's subjective desireTurn-off time Δ toffmaxAnd the maximum turn-off number of times n allowing in a course of workoffmax,
toff≤toffmax(6)
noff≤noffmax
If controllable device AnAlso to working time Constrained:
toff≤te-ts-I(7)
Corresponding as controllable devices such as washing machines, Once you begin work and just can not interrupt, otherwise cannot be normalFinish the work, cannot interrupt the controllable device of working cycles for this class, only need to be by toffWith noffTwo ginsengsNumber is set to zero.
(3) time-constrain characteristic model
Need within the specific time, complete the controllable device of working separately for some, by DR control terminalIn advance the time parameter of these controllable devices is set, this class working time, upper constrained equipment was calledPossess the controllable device of time-constrain characteristic, its part throttle characteristics model is called time-constrain characteristic model. Use tsTableShow controllable device AnThe time that can start working the earliest, use teRepresent controllable device AnFinish the work at the latestTime. That is:
The controllable device with time-constrain characteristic can have tsAnd teThe constraint of two parameters, also can only have itIn some parameters. For example electric automobile, working day will be before user comes home from work working in second dayComplete charging process, so as trip smoothly in second day, therefore t for electric automobiles＝18(18:00，Δt＝1h)、te=8 (second day 8:00, Δ t=1h); And for water heater, before user sleeps evening, have a bathNeed to use hot water, the temperature of hot water in water heater just can as long as met the requirements of temperature before user has a bathWith, when starting heating as for water heater and controlled by DR program, user can artificially not set, thereforeOnly has t for this class controllable device of water heatereA parameter, and there is no ts。
(4) the changeable characteristic model of pattern
Controllable device has various modes can be selected for user, and the intelligence of the power gear that different mode brings is cutChange. Machine-wash unlike material, weight clothes during as done washing, there is various modes to select; In water heater heating time, alsoThere is different power modes; Air purifier also has the operational mode for different air qualities. Supposing canControl device AnComprise Kn kind operational mode, use vectorial kn＝{1,…,kn,…,KnDescribe, for this controllable device,Defining its corresponding energy consumption is?Indication equipment AnAt knPlant mouldThe energy consumption moving under formula.
(5) index continuation property model
The controllable device with load continuation property refers to except the working time, also to have other measurement workThe index of effect, such as water heater heats water, the temperature of water is exactly to weigh the index of water heater working effect;Temperature in air-conditioning conditioning chamber, room temperature is exactly to weigh the index of air-conditioning work effect; Air purifier is to indoorAir purify, IAQ is exactly the index of weighing air purifier working effect.
The feature of this class controllable device is that various indexs are continually varyings, and the working effect of a upper period can be rightThe work of next period exerts an influence. Taking water heater as example, suppose that in water heater, the temperature that requires of hot water is θ0,Because temperature is not invariable accurate physical quantity, can be the Temperature Setting bound of hot water, above limit the use of θmaxRepresent, under limit the use of θminRepresent i.e. θmin≤θ0≤θmax. In water heater the temperature of hot water water heater working timeTime water temperature rises, use hot water (cold water inflows) or naturally cooling in the situation that temperature can reduce, bearLotus characteristic model can be used shown in formula (9) expression:
θ t + 1 = V - d t V ( θ e n t ( 1 - e - Δ t R C ) + d t V · θ e n t + e - Δ t R C · θ t + X t · Q · R ( 1 - e - Δ t R C ) ) - - - ( 9 )
Wherein, θtBe illustrated in the temperature of t time; dtRepresent the heat energy use amount in the t time period;Represent tEnvironment temperature in time period or inflow Temperature of Working; R and C represent respectively thermal resistance and the heat of controllable deviceHold; V and Q represent respectively volume and the total capacity of controllable device of working medium in controllable device.
As a kind of concrete embodiment, the part throttle characteristics modeling of controllable device also comprises and gathers dressPut the interval setting device of connection, interval setting device control harvester obtains in Preset Time interval controlledThe load curve of equipment. Because the controllable device kind that user uses is more, and the making of different controllable devicesWith asynchronism(-nization), for example water heater is used for morning and time in night, when electric automobile is used for daytimeBetween, therefore for different controllable devices, the time interval difference at its load curve place, therefore,In the time that a certain controllable device is carried out to modeling Simulation, need analyze the load curve in Preset Time interval,Simulation therefore in the present embodiment, is controlled the establishing in Preset Time interval for the load curve of modelingStandby load curve, when default when interval setting device is set simulation according to the working time point of controllable deviceBetween interval, outside Preset Time interval, because controllable device is not worked, therefore can control and gather dressPut the load that does not gather controllable device, thereby save the cost that gathers controllable device load, improve controlled simultaneouslyThe modeling efficiency of machine utilization characteristic.
As a kind of concrete embodiment, optimization device comprises step-length setting module, step-length setting module rootGather the time-optimized step-length of determine precision of the power information of controllable device according to harvester. In present embodimentIn, time-optimized step-length is step-length setting module gathers the power information of controllable device essence according to harvesterDegree and obtain, obtain in the process of load curve of controllable device at harvester, be to pass through acquisition terminalControllable device is monitored and periodically gathered its power and obtain and meet curve, therefore at harvesterGather in the process of power information of controllable device, the sampling precision of acquisition terminal is for the load of controllable deviceThe accuracy impact of curve is larger, and its precision is also determining at optimization device, load curve to be optimizedTime the time-optimized step-length that adopts, if sampling precision is larger compared with low and time-optimized step-length, certainly will causeThe optimization of the load curve to controllable device is inaccurate, if instead sampling precision is compared with high and time-optimized step-lengthLess, waste to a certain extent sampling resource, therefore, step-length setting module need to be controlled according to gatheringThe sampling precision of the power information of equipment determines suitable time-optimized step-length, ensures optimum results to realize, raise the efficiency meanwhile, reduce costs.
As a kind of concrete embodiment, harvester is connected with controllable device by home area network.Home area network is a kind of intelligent control technology, its be originally for strengthen interaction between digital device andExchange and grow up, home area network comprises wide area network and LAN two parts, and LAN possesses to be establishedThe standby function of controlling, wide area network is responsible for the transmission of the each LAN of connection and data etc., home area networkIntelligent control function makes user can control by the DR program of setting user's controllable device, comprises electricityDepending on mechanical, electrical brain, air-conditioning, water heater etc. Harvester in present embodiment by home area network withControllable device connects, and therefore can pass through the power information of home area network automatic acquisition controllable device, therebyImprove efficiency and the real-time of the part throttle characteristics modeling of controllable device.
Each technical characterictic of the above embodiment can combine arbitrarily, for making to describe succinctly, not rightThe all possible combination of each technical characterictic in above-described embodiment is all described, but, as long as these skillsThere is not contradiction in the combination of art feature, is all considered to be the scope that this description is recorded.
The above embodiment has only expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed,But can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be pointed out that for this areaThose of ordinary skill, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and changeEnter, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be with appended powerProfit requires to be as the criterion.

Claims (10)

1. a part throttle characteristics modeling method for controllable device, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Gather the power information of controllable device, and generate load curve according to described power information;
According to time-optimized step-length, described load curve is optimized, the optimization that obtains described controllable device is negativeLotus curve;
Described optimization load curve is divided, is obtained the one dimension duty vector of described controllable device,Each element in described one dimension duty vector is corresponding to described controlled in time-optimized step-length described in eachThe duty of equipment;
Obtain the part throttle characteristics model of described controllable device according to described one dimension duty vector.
2. the part throttle characteristics modeling method of controllable device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,The process that obtains the part throttle characteristics model of described controllable device according to described one dimension duty vector comprises:
Described one dimension duty vector is resolved, obtain base corresponding to described one dimension duty vectorPlinth model,
Determine the part throttle characteristics model of described controllable device according to described basic model.
3. the part throttle characteristics modeling method of controllable device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Described load curve is the load curve of described controllable device in Preset Time interval.
4. the part throttle characteristics modeling method of controllable device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
According to time-optimized step-length described in the determine precision of the power information of the described controllable device of collection.
5. the part throttle characteristics modeling method of controllable device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Described controllable device is the consumer of the described home area network of access.
6. the part throttle characteristics modeling method of controllable device according to claim 5, is characterized in that,
Gather the power information of described controllable device by home area network.
7. a part throttle characteristics modeling for controllable device, is characterized in that, comprising:
Harvester, for gathering the power information of controllable device, and generates load according to described power informationCurve;
Optimization device, for according to time-optimized step-length, described load curve being optimized, can described in obtainingThe optimization load curve of control equipment;
Divide device, for described optimization load curve is divided, obtain the one dimension of described controllable deviceDuty vector, each element in described one dimension duty vector is corresponding to described in each time periodThe duty of controllable device;
Model building device, for obtaining the part throttle characteristics of described controllable device according to described one dimension duty vectorModel.
8. the part throttle characteristics modeling of controllable device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, instituteState model building device and comprise parsing module and model determination module,
Described parsing module is resolved described one dimension duty vector, obtains described one dimension dutyThe basic model that vector is corresponding,
Described model determination module is determined the part throttle characteristics model of described controllable device according to described basic model.
9. according to the part throttle characteristics modeling of the controllable device described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that,Described optimization device comprises step-length setting module,
Described step-length setting module gathers the precision of the power information of described controllable device according to described harvesterDetermine described time-optimized step-length.
10. according to the part throttle characteristics modeling of the controllable device described in claim 7 or 8, its feature existsIn,
Described harvester is connected with described controllable device by home area network.
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