CN105588540B - A kind of driver visual angle and visual field measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of driver visual angle and visual field measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105588540B CN105588540B CN201410610644.2A CN201410610644A CN105588540B CN 105588540 B CN105588540 B CN 105588540B CN 201410610644 A CN201410610644 A CN 201410610644A CN 105588540 B CN105588540 B CN 105588540B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of driver visual angle and visual field measuring method, it is characterised in that：Using laser tracker 20, T Prob detectors 28, other horizontal survey points on horizontal survey point on aircraft 23 24,29 and full machine are measured, datum mark is done by horizontal survey point, is fitted aircraft axes；Under aircraft axes, by laser tracker setting out survey, the eye position measuring point 25 on positioning measurement instrument 22 is determined at design eye position；Driver end is seated on seat 21, and two centers are popped one's head in the T Probe on characteristic point P1~Pn on actual visual observation front windshield 27, instrument panel 26 against fixed eye position measuring point 25, send visual measurement instruction；Straight line (sight) is established by the coordinate and P1~Pn point Measured Coordinates of eye position measuring point 25, sight and the angle in aircraft horizontal tectonics face, axial symmetry face and axial section is calculated, visual field is obtained by limiting angular subtense.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engineering measuring technology field, is related to a kind of driver visual angle and visual field measuring method.
Background technology
Driver visual angle and visual field measurement process, it is in the prior art to remove pilot set with inventing immediate, will
One theodolite is put into cockpit, the centre of gyration reproduction of theodolite is designed at eye position in driver, gauger passes through rotation
Theodolite telescope, cockpit front windshield border or side window border are aimed at, then pass through the direct reading horizontal of reading plotter on theodolite
The angle angle of pitch.
Deficiency is：Human eye is truly observed at design eye position, but is observed by the light pipe of telescope, and true
Human eye observation has differences.The method is only capable of measuring horizontal angle and the angle of pitch, and does not set up the pass with full machine coordinate system
System.
The difference of the present invention and prior art：1. measuring apparatus is different.Prior art is using theodolite, protractor
Angularly measuring apparatus, this method is using laser tracker.2. measuring principle is different.Prior art is that analog quantity is directly surveyed
Amount, this method is that digital quantity measures indirectly.3. measurement accuracy is different, existing method accuracy of measurement is up to ± 2 ', this method
Angle error is not more than ± 1 '.4. measurement range is different, existing method can only measure horizontal view angle or pitching visual angle, this method can
So that comprehensive space angle is calculated.
Other measuring methods close to field have：Visual angel measuring device and polymeter.
Method one：Visual angel measuring device category medical domain measuring instrument, including the panel of protractor scale is indicated, indicate lower jaw
The desktop of anchor point, the shear mechanism between panel and desktop, the origin of protractor are located at the top of Mandibular repositioning point, scissor machine
Structure is made up of hinged two straight-bars, and the straight-bar hinge connection point of shear mechanism is located at the front of Mandibular repositioning point, cuts
There is downward handle in double-colored spheroid set by the straight-bar end of cutter mechanism, straight-bar centre position, and desktop is in position corresponding with handle
Put and be provided with circular arc fluting, handle is through fluting and can be slided in fluting.It can accurately be measured with this mechanism and method
Go out the visual angle limiting value of people's eyes.
The visual angel measuring device is disadvantageous in that：1. volume is big, inconvenience is put into driving cabin.2. measurement accuracy is low.
3. it is only capable of measuring horizontal view angle and visual field.
Method two：Polymeter is applied to the indexs such as the cinema seat front and rear row discrepancy in elevation, seat visual angle, ground line gradient
Monitoring.It is to realize the measuring instrument with functions such as measurement upward view angle, depression angle, ground line gradients.The multifunctional measuring
Instrument is by hanging with the weight line of weight and the right angle protractor being fixed on ruler and the right-angle side hand for being fixed on the ruler other end
Handle is formed.
The polymeter is disadvantageous in that：1. measurement accuracy is low.2. it is only capable of measuring pitching visual angle and visual field.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：Visual angle and the visual field measuring method of a kind of driver is provided, it can simplify operation step
Suddenly, labor intensity is reduced, improves measurement efficiency；And can reduces influence of the artificial reading to measurement result, improves accuracy of measurement；
And it can more realistically reflect omnibearing visual angle and visual field.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of measuring method；It is characterized in that：Visited using laser tracker 20, T-Prob
Device 28 is surveyed, other horizontal survey points on horizontal survey point on aircraft 23 24,29 and full machine are measured, by horizontal survey point
Datum mark is done, is fitted aircraft axes；Under aircraft axes, by laser tracker setting out survey, by positioning measurement instrument 22
On eye position measuring point 25 determine at design eye position；Driver end is seated on seat 21, and two centers are against fixed eye position
Measuring point 25, popped one's head in, sent visual with the T-Probe on characteristic point P1~Pn on actual visual observation front windshield 27, instrument panel 26
Measurement instruction；Straight line is established by the coordinate and P1~Pn point Measured Coordinates of eye position measuring point 25, the straight line is sight, and calculating regards
Line and the angle in aircraft horizontal tectonics face, axial symmetry face and axial section, the angle is visual angle, and visual field is obtained by limiting angular subtense；
The step of realizing measuring method is as follows：
A, parked aircraft；Empty machine state aircraft is stopped in hangar, is consolidated and propped up in specified point with jack；Unlatching activity
Hatchcover；
B, basic erect-position is established；Laser tracker is assembled, after self calibration, be set up in 8m positions, the position immediately ahead of aircraft
Put and be set to basic erect-position；
C, public dot file is established；Pasted indoors on solid space some target ball positioning support seats positioning ERS1,
ERS2, ERS3 ... ERSn common points, be laid out it is a wide range of contain measured body and not conllinear, common point is stood on laser tracker basis
Position can all should be surveyed, in follow-up 4~6 points of erect-position Observable；Under the measuring coordinate system of tracker basis erect-position, target is used
Target ball completes whole common point collections outside body, establishes common point file for standby；
D, positioning instrument and driver enter cabin；Positioning instrument enters in cabin with driver, and driver is seated on seat 21, is made
With the preliminary leveling eye position positioning instrument of stone bolt on positioning measurement instrument 22；
E, the adjustment of aspect；Aircraft is adjusted to horizontality, horizontal survey using the horizontal survey point on aircraft
Vertical, horizontal dimensional discrepancy≤± 0.5mm；
F, the measurement of level point；Using T-Prob detectors, common point is coordinated to turn station, under tracker measuring coordinate system,
Full machine horizontal survey point is measured, establishes " .txt " form horizontal survey point file for standby；
G, the foundation of aircraft axes；Airplane horizontal survey point theoretical coordinate is obtained in CATIA digital-to-analogues；Measured using SA
Software, full machine horizontal survey point measured value and theoretical coordinate value are subjected to best fit, establish aircraft axes；
H, the determination of eye position is designed；Using T-Prob detector setting out survey eyes position measuring point 25, surveyed according to laser tracker
Each adjustment mechanism on deviation adjustment positioning measurement instrument 22 obtained, until coordinate and the design eye potential theory of eye position measuring point 25
Grid deviation Δ x, Δ y, Δ z are respectively less than ± 0.10mm；Centering positioning measurement instrument 22 before test；
I, characteristic point measures；On driver end sitting block chair 21, eyes center is against eye position measuring point 25, chin rest branch fastener
Portion, it is observed front windshield, side window border, instrument board, center and the visual T-Prob detector gauge heads of the reality on border, measurement
Person instructs according to the visual observation of driver, triggering T-Prob detector collection keys, completes the collection of measured point space coordinates；Need
When beat neck measures, rotational angle is set or read using positioning measurement instrument 22；
J, visual angle and visual field are calculated；Eye position coordinate O (x0, y0, z0), border point coordinates P1 (x1, y1, z1), P2 (x2, y2,
Z2)~Pn (xn, yn, zn), when the folder for asking OP1 sights and aircraft horizontal tectonics face angle α, axial symmetry face angle β and axial section
During the γ of angle, calculation formula is as follows：
α=arcsin [(z1-z0)/d]
β=arcsin [(y1-y0)/d]
γ=arcsin [(x1-x0)/d]
It is visual field to calculate limiting angular subtense.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Have the advantage that compared with prior art：As a result of digitalized laser tracking measurement technology, measuring speed and
The degree of accuracy is substantially high；It can obtain the comprehensive spatial view of driver；Tested, can obtain trueer when choosing multigroup driver
Real visual observation result.
Good effect：This method can make client be well understood and grasp driver to face synthesis display screen (instrument board)
And the real visual angle and visual field of cockpit window, accurate technical parameter is directly provided.Development to promoting equipment, improve the property of equipment
Can have great importance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the detection method schematic diagram of the present invention, wherein, laser tracker 20, T-Prob detectors 28, aircraft 23,
Horizontal survey point 24,29, positioning measurement instrument 22, eye position measuring point 25, seat 21, front windshield 27, instrument panel 26.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Before certain aircraft delivery, client proposes to carry out driver relative to the real visual angle of cockpit window and instrument board, visual field
Measurement request.Right-hand rule is followed, if course is X-axis, spanwise is Y-axis, and short transverse is Z axis.
See Fig. 1, the major appliances of this method have：Laser tracker 20, T-Prob detectors 28, positioning measurement instrument 22 with
And the application processor of laser tracker.Using laser tracker as main measuring cell.
(1) solution and specific steps:
A) parked aircrafts.Aircraft fuel oil is drained, aircraft is stopped in hangar room, is consolidated and propped up in specified point with jack.
Open portable cover.
B) lays common point.18 target balls positioning branch are pasted on solid space (firm metope, ground) indoors
Support the seat (patent No.：ZL200920158215.0) ERS1, ERS2, ERS3 ... ERS18 turns website as public, and layout to the greatest extent may be used
Tested aircraft and not conllinear can be contained on a large scale, common point can all should be surveyed in laser tracker basis erect-position, in follow-up erect-position
4~6 points of Observable.Turn station when common point is used for aircraft level point, boundary point measurement.
C) positioning instrument/personnel enter cabin.Positioning instrument 22 is entered in cabin with driver, driver is seated on seat, is made
With the preliminary leveling eye position positioning instrument of stone bolt.
D) adjustment of aspects.Using laser tracker 20, by full machine horizontal survey point by aircraft leveling (patent
Number：), ZL200910121422.3 horizontal survey vertical, horizontal dimensional discrepancy is in the range of ± 0.5mm.
E) measurement of common points.Laser tracker is set up immediately ahead of head, this erect-position is tracker basis erect-position.
Under the measuring coordinate system of tracker basis erect-position, all public ERS points collections outside body are completed using target ball, establish ERS
File for standby, public point coordinates are " .txt " form, and ERS file formats are as follows：
F) measurement of level points.Using T-Prob detectors, turn station by common point, under tracker measuring coordinate system,
Full machine horizontal survey point is surveyed, establishes horizontal survey point file for standby.
G) foundation of aircraft axes.Carry SA softwares using laser tracker, by full machine horizontal survey point measured value with
The theoretical coordinate value obtained in digital-to-analogue carries out best fit, constructs aircraft axes.
H) designs the reproduction of eye position.Gauger uses T-Prob detector setting-out eyes position measuring point, is sitting in cabin on seat
Driver is engaged with gauger, instrument is positioned using adjustment such as lifting handwheel, translation handwheels, when eye site coordinate and design eye
Frozen state when potential theory grid deviation Δ x, Δ y, Δ z are less than ± 0.10mm.
I) boundary points element measures.Driver's eyes center makes chin rest branch against eye position measuring point, rotation and lifting handwheel
Lifting is locked in fastener portion, position after determining, is looked squarely and is looked squarely with left/right rotation neck in observation front windshield, side window border, instrument board
The visual T-Prob detector gauge heads of the reality on the heart and border, gauger instruct according to the visual observation of driver, and triggering is hand-held
Formula T-Prob detectors gather key, complete the collection measurement of measured point space coordinates.
J) calculates visual angle and visual field.Survey eye position coordinate O (- 580.001,0.003,1350.000)；Front windshield P1Point is sat
Mark P1(- 1762.215,153.145,1052.151).Calculated by following formula：
α=arcsin [(z1-z0)/d]
β=arcsin [(y1-y0)/d]
γ=arcsin [(x1-x0)/d]
Obtain：Look at P straight1Sight and aircraft horizontal tectonics face angle α are 14 ° 02 ' during point；With aircraft axial symmetry face angle β
=7 ° 09 '；With angle γ=74 ° 11 ' of aircraft axial section.
Similarly, it is 11 ° 40 ' to measure and try to achieve certain right boundary limit on the left visual angle when level is looked at straight；Limit on the right-right-hand limit visual angle is
11 ° 42 ', then left and right horizontal visual field is 23 ° 22 '.
According to the above method, visual angle, visual field measurement are carried out to one group of people of driver 3, takes the average value of three people's measurement results
It is set to the intrinsic geometric parameter of aircraft.
Downwards angle of visibility, visual field detection in the Automobile of example 2.
A) parks a car.Automobile is stopped in broad garage, after checking that four-wheel tire pressure is identical, positioned with catch stuck.
B) lays common point.Mesh of the quantity at 10 or so is pasted on solid space (firm metope, ground) indoors
Target ball positioning support base ERS1, ERS2, ERS3 ... ERS10 turns website as public, and layout contains quilt on a large scale as far as possible
Automobile and not conllinear is surveyed, common point can all should be surveyed in laser tracker basis erect-position, in follow-up 4~6 points of erect-position Observable.
Turn station when common point is for vehicle wheel shaft central point, boundary point measurement.
C) measurement of common points.Laser tracker is set up immediately ahead of headstock, this erect-position is tracker basis erect-position.
Under the measuring coordinate system of tracker basis erect-position, all public ERS points collections outside body are completed using target ball, establish ERS
File for standby, public point coordinates are " .txt " form, and ERS file formats are the same as example 1.
D) structure of vehicle axis systems.Using four wheel hubs of T-Probe measurement automobiles, each wheel hub border is at least surveyed
Measure at 3 points, you can resolve wheel shaft centre coordinate.Vehicle axis system is established with four wheel shaft centre coordinates.By Coordinate Conversion, will sit
Mark on origin translation to symmetrical centre face.
E) designs the reproduction of eye position.The relative position coordinates for taking theoretical eye position and four-wheel center are looked into theoretical digital-to-analogue.With
Common point turns station, the setting out survey driver eyes central point under the vehicle axis system of structure, to apply Auxiliary support and keep driving
Member's posture is constant, and design eye position is fixed.
F) in-cars downwards angle of visibility measures.T-Prob detector gauge heads are placed in instrument board center to be observed, driver keeps
It is motionless to design eye position, actually can apparent time driver send measurement instruction to gauger, gauger triggers hand-held T-Prob detections
Device gathers key, completes the collection measurement of measured point space coordinates.
G) perimetries.The target ball of laser tracker is guided to vehicle front 5m, 10m, 20m different distance
Clearing, driver keep design eye position to fix, eyesight tracking target ball.When being blocked by automobile stand column, vehicle window frame,
Driver sends instruction immediately, and gauger gathers the space point coordinates, so measurement, and it is largely empty that vehicle front is completed in 30 minutes
Between point coordinates measurement.
H) calculates downwards angle of visibility.Survey eye position coordinate O (1780.203,0.005,960.175)；Instrument board center Q point coordinates
Q (1100.663, -300.014,548.112).Calculated by following formula：
α=arcsin [(z1-z0)/d]
Downwards angle of visibility α is calculated as 29 ° 01 ', meets design requirement.
I) analyzes visual field covering.
By obtained a large amount of point coordinates, it is covered as with the visual field of the sight net comprehensive analysis of design eye position structure this automobile
116°。
Visual angle comfort level and the visual field of the method for examination driver, accurate number is provided for automobile human oriented design and analysis
According to.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of driver visual angle and visual field measuring method, it is characterised in that：Use laser tracker (20), T-Prob detectors
(28), other horizontal survey points on aircraft (23) on horizontal survey point (24), (29) and full machine are measured, surveyed by level
Amount point does datum mark, is fitted aircraft axes；Under aircraft axes, by laser tracker setting out survey, by positioning measurement work
Have the eye position measuring point (25) on (22) to determine at design eye position；Driver end is seated on seat (21), and two centers are against
The eye position measuring point (25) of determination, with the T- on characteristic point P1~Pn on actual visual observation front windshield (27), instrument panel (26)
Probe pops one's head in, and sends visual measurement instruction；Straight line is established by the coordinate and P1~Pn point Measured Coordinates of eye position measuring point (25),
The straight line is sight, calculates sight and the angle in aircraft horizontal tectonics face, axial symmetry face and axial section, and the angle is to regard
Angle, visual field is obtained by limiting angular subtense；The step of realizing measuring method is as follows：
A, parked aircraft；Empty machine state aircraft is stopped in hangar, is consolidated and propped up in specified point with jack；Open portable cabin
Lid；
B, basic erect-position is established；Laser tracker is assembled, after self calibration, be set up in 8m positions immediately ahead of aircraft, the position is determined
Based on erect-position；
C, public dot file is established；Pasted indoors on solid space some target ball positioning support seats positioning ERS1, ERS2,
ERS3 ... ERSn common points, be laid out it is a wide range of contain measured body and not conllinear, common point should in laser tracker basis erect-position
It can all survey, in follow-up 4~6 points of erect-position Observable；Under the measuring coordinate system of tracker basis erect-position, target ball is used
Whole common point collections outside body are completed, establish common point file for standby；
D, positioning instrument and driver enter cabin；Positioning instrument enters in cabin with driver, and driver is seated on seat (21), uses
The preliminary leveling eye position positioning instrument of stone bolt on positioning measurement instrument (22)；
E, the adjustment of aspect；Aircraft adjusted using the horizontal survey point on aircraft longitudinal and transverse to horizontality, horizontal survey
To dimensional discrepancy≤± 0.5mm；
F, the measurement of level point；Using T-Prob detectors, common point is coordinated to turn station, under tracker measuring coordinate system, measurement
Full machine horizontal survey point, establishes " .txt " form horizontal survey point file for standby；
G, the foundation of aircraft axes；Airplane horizontal survey point theoretical coordinate is obtained in CATIA digital-to-analogues；Measured using SA soft
Part, full machine horizontal survey point measured value and theoretical coordinate value are subjected to best fit, establish aircraft axes；
H, the determination of eye position is designed；Using T-Prob detector setting out survey eye position measuring points (25), measured according to laser tracker
Deviation adjustment positioning measurement instrument (22) on each adjustment mechanism, until coordinate and the design eye position of eye position measuring point (25) are managed
± 0.10mm is respectively less than by grid deviation Δ x, Δ y, Δ z；Centering positioning measurement instrument (22) before test；
I, characteristic point measures；On driver end sitting block chair (21), eyes center is against eye position measuring point (25), chin rest branch fastener
Portion, it is observed front windshield, side window border, instrument board, center and the visual T-Prob detector gauge heads of the reality on border, measurement
Person instructs according to the visual observation of driver, triggering T-Prob detector collection keys, completes the collection of measured point space coordinates；Need
When beat neck measures, rotational angle is set or read using positioning measurement instrument (22)；
J, visual angle and visual field are calculated；Eye position coordinate O (x0, y0, z0), border point coordinates P1 (x1, y1, z1), P2 (x2, y2, z2)
~Pn (xn, yn, zn), as the angle γ for asking OP1 sights and aircraft horizontal tectonics face angle α, axial symmetry face angle β and axial section
When, calculation formula is as follows：
α=arcsin [(z1-z0)/d]
β=arcsin [(y1-y0)/d]
γ=arcsin [(x1-x0)/d]
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It is visual field to calculate limiting angular subtense.
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| CN201410610644.2A CN105588540B (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2014-11-03 | A kind of driver visual angle and visual field measuring method |
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| CN105588540B true CN105588540B (en) | 2018-03-02 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109945824B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2022-03-22 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method and system for measuring and transmitting course reference of carrier |
| CN114199512A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-03-18 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for checking interior rearview mirror |
| CN112722322B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2023-12-15 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Accurate reproduction method and system for airplane horizontal measurement points |
| CN114111701A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2022-03-01 | 上海华模科技有限公司 | Tool and method for positioning viewpoint of collimation virtual image vision system |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4349964A (en) * | 1979-06-22 | 1982-09-21 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Viewing angle measuring device for automotive vehicles |
| CN87214395U (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1988-10-26 | 尹玉荣 | Multifunctional measuring instrument |
| JPH11237582A (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 1999-08-31 | Mitsubishi Precision Co Ltd | Simulated field-of-view device to be loaded on aircraft |
| CN2734136Y (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-10-19 | 李小瓯 | Visual angel measuring device |
| CN202188846U (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-04-11 | 上海通用汽车有限公司 | Visual field measuring tool for automobile driver |
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2014
- 2014-11-03 CN CN201410610644.2A patent/CN105588540B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4349964A (en) * | 1979-06-22 | 1982-09-21 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Viewing angle measuring device for automotive vehicles |
| CN87214395U (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1988-10-26 | 尹玉荣 | Multifunctional measuring instrument |
| JPH11237582A (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 1999-08-31 | Mitsubishi Precision Co Ltd | Simulated field-of-view device to be loaded on aircraft |
| CN2734136Y (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-10-19 | 李小瓯 | Visual angel measuring device |
| CN202188846U (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-04-11 | 上海通用汽车有限公司 | Visual field measuring tool for automobile driver |
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