CN105588494A - Hub bearing negative windage detection method - Google Patents
Hub bearing negative windage detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105588494A CN105588494A CN201510702331.4A CN201510702331A CN105588494A CN 105588494 A CN105588494 A CN 105588494A CN 201510702331 A CN201510702331 A CN 201510702331A CN 105588494 A CN105588494 A CN 105588494A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a hub bearing negative windage detection method. A torque loading device applies a rated torque P of 5-15 N. m to the steel ball assembly of a hub bearing; a bearing axial pressure device applies axial load to the hub bearing to allow the hub bearing to tend to release the negative windage; the bearing axial pressure device comprise a mandrel bearing tool and an outer ring positioning tool, and the mandrel bearing tool and the outer ring positioning tool are oppositely arranged and are apart from/close to each other in the axial direction; there is provided a axially telescoping holding space between the outer ring positioning tool and the mandrel bearing tool, an axially extending abdicating through hole is arranged in the outer ring positioning tool, and the steel ball shift fork of the torque loading device is disposed in the abdicating through hole; and the bearing axial pressure device applies load bearing to the hub bearing in a gradually increasing load value mode, and axial load is applied to the torque loading device to stir the steel ball assembly of the hub bearing and drive the rotation of the steel ball assembly larger than 90 degrees, so that the negative windage is obtained. The operation is simple, and the stability and the reliability of the detection are good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bearing detection technique field, the definite hub spindle that says carries play detection method.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of auto manufacturing, third generation hub-bearing unit replaces gradually the first generation and the second generation and becomes carrying and the driving member on automobile. As shown in Figure 1, the 3rd includes bearing inner race 91(also referred to as mandrel with the primary structure of hub-bearing unit), bearing outer ring 92, bearing inner race 91 and bearing outer ring 92 can be referred to as bearing ring, between bearing outer ring 92 and bearing inner race 91, be provided with at least two row ball bearings, a row ball of inner side keeps 93 to remain in bearing through retainer. Third generation hub-bearing unit and first and second in generation hub bearing an important difference be that assembly parts have generally adopted pretension and the negative play that forms, the stable when reasonability of this play directly has influence on the working life of hub bearing and automobilism. In the time that negative play is inadequate, hub bearing easy looseness and form vibration under loaded state, causes vehicle to rock (affecting personal safety); In the time that negative play is excessive, the contact stress that can cause raceway is excessive and produce early fatigue, causes vehicle abnormal sound; Two states is all unfavorable to the working life of bearing.
The negative play of third generation hub bearing can not as first and second in generation hub bearing can directly measure its play, in existing research data, also lack the approach that third generation hub bearing play is directly obtained.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention: the defect existing for overcoming prior art, the invention provides a kind of hub spindle and carry play detection method, have simple to operately, detect the advantage of stability and good reliability.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of hub spindle carries play detection method, it is characterized in that, carry out according to following operation:
By torque loading device, the interior row steel ball component of hub bearing is applied to nominal torque P, nominal torque P is 5 to 15N.m, and described torque loading device includes steel ball shift fork, and drives the rotation load driver mechanism of steel ball shift fork, to mandrel and the bearing outer ring mode of press fit device top hub bearing, hub bearing is applied to axial load by bearing shaft, so that hub bearing is tending towards discharging negative play, described bearing shaft comprises the mandrel supporting tooling for bearing core shaft positioning support to press fit device, and for the outer ring positioning tool to bearing outer ring positioning support, described outer ring positioning tool and mandrel supporting tooling positioned opposite and can be vertically mutually away from, close, between outer ring positioning tool and mandrel supporting tooling, have axially clamping grasping part that can axial stretching of hub bearing, enclose outside and in positioning tool, be provided with the axially extended through hole of stepping down, steel ball shift fork is placed in steps down in through hole, the mode that bearing shaft progressively increases progressively with load value to press fit device applies axial load to hub bearing, axial load is loaded on torque loading device and can stirs the steel ball component of hub bearing and rotate more than 90 °, thereby obtain negative play.
By adopting technique scheme, can stir under axial loading under steel ball at torque loading device, steel ball is in pretension and lax critical condition, the unloading force that the axial load power of now recording is steel ball, also be the unloading force of assembly parts, can obtain negative play according to unloading force, there is detection simple to operate, detection efficiency is high, the advantage that reliability is high, bearing axial loading device has been realized the location of hub bearing and has been fixed, also play the axial loading effect that discharges negative play simultaneously, and the steel ball shift fork of torque loading device is placed in stepping down in through hole of outer ring positioning tool, facilitating steel ball shift fork to stretch in hub bearing carries out the steel ball component of hub bearing to apply nominal torque, have simple and compact for structure, easy to operate, the reliable advantage of testing result.
Preferably, described mandrel supporting tooling is connected with the lifting drive that drives the lifting of mandrel supporting tooling, described outer ring positioning tool is fixedly mounted in frame, described rotation load driver mechanism includes rotation and loads axle, and the rotation load driver parts that drive steel ball shift fork to rotate, rotation load driver parts are fixedly mounted in frame, rotation loads axle and drives and be connected with rotation load driver parts, rotation loads moving the fitting over of axle rotation and steps down in through hole, and steel ball shift fork is arranged on rotation and loads on axle.
By adopting technique scheme, mandrel supporting tooling is lifting, and outer ring positioning tool, for fixing, facilitates torque loading device to coordinate with the installation of outer ring positioning tool, and structure is more compact.
Preferably, described mandrel supporting tooling is arranged in positioning tool below, outer ring.
By adopting technique scheme, when detection, hub bearing picks and places more convenient.
Preferably, described outer ring positioning tool comprises the outer ring supporting base for hub bearing outer ring positioning support, and outer ring supporting base holder, outer ring supporting base holder is fixed in frame, and outer ring supporting base floats and is arranged on the supporting base holder of outer ring through axial elastic buffering mechanism.
By adopting technique scheme, outer ring positioning tool has certain axial buffer, make the holding action of hub bearing more stable, avoid directly impacting the damage that causes equipment and hub bearing, while enclosing outside the outer ring supporting base contact hub bearing of positioning tool, elastic buffering mechanism is realized buffering, to hub bearing clamping and positioning in advance, carries out afterwards hub bearing to implement axially to load more stably; Meanwhile, steel ball shift fork can enter slowly in hub bearing and coordinate with steel ball, and because hub bearing is by pre-aligned, hub bearing initiatively caters to and enters steel ball shift fork position, and steel ball shift fork can be entered in hub bearing more reliably.
Preferably, described elastic buffering mechanism includes floating seat and helical spring, and described outer ring supporting base holder is provided with movable chamber, and floating seat is arranged in movable chamber and can axial slip, between helical spring is located at bottom floating seat and movable chamber.
By adopting technique scheme, elastic buffering mechanism is simple in structure, stable, easy for installation.
Preferably, on described floating seat sidewall, slip guide block is detachably installed, in the circumferential side wall of movable chamber, is provided with axial channel, axial channel is the hollow slots that radially connects floating seat, and slip guide block is slidably fitted in axial channel.
By adopting technique scheme, be convenient to floating seat dismounting; And movable chamber and axial channel realize Dual positioning guiding, the motion of floating seat is more reliable and stable.
Preferably, described steel ball shift fork coordinates that with the retainer of hub bearing steel ball component steel ball component is applied to rotation torque, groove is stirred in axial outside end face setting at retainer, and the end of steel ball shift fork is provided with and the moving tooth of stirring groove and engaging, steel ball shift fork and retainer stir groove engagement fit.
By adopting technique scheme, on retainer, arrange and stir groove, steel ball shift fork is stirred retainer and is carried out moment of torsion and apply; steel ball shift fork coordinates with steel ball component reliably; applying of moment of torsion is reliable, and steel ball shift fork does not directly contact with steel ball simultaneously, and steel ball is subject to the protection of retainer.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is hub bearing structural representation;
Fig. 2 is that specific embodiment of the invention hub spindle carries play assay device structures schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is A part partial enlarged drawing in Fig. 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a kind of hub spindle disclosed by the invention carries play detection method, carries out according to following operation:
By torque loading device, the interior row steel ball component of hub bearing is applied to nominal torque P, nominal torque P is 5 to 15N.m, described torque loading device 5 includes steel ball shift fork 51, and the rotation load driver mechanism of driving steel ball shift fork, steel ball shift fork 51 can adopt directly to coordinate to realize with steel ball stirs steel ball component, also can adopt to coordinate with retainer to realize and stir steel ball component, preferential employing coordinates with retainer, to mandrel and the bearing outer ring mode of press fit device top hub bearing, hub bearing is applied to axial load by bearing shaft, so that hub bearing is tending towards discharging negative play, described bearing shaft comprises the mandrel supporting tooling 2 for bearing core shaft positioning support to press fit device, and for the outer ring positioning tool 3 to bearing outer ring positioning support, described outer ring positioning tool 3 and mandrel supporting tooling 2 positioned opposite and can be vertically mutually away from, close, between outer ring positioning tool 3 and mandrel supporting tooling 2, have axially clamping grasping part that can axial stretching of hub bearing, enclose outside and in positioning tool 3, be provided with the axially extended through hole 31 of stepping down, steel ball shift fork 51 is placed in steps down in through hole 31, the mode that bearing shaft progressively increases progressively with load value to press fit device applies axial load to hub bearing, axial load is loaded on torque loading device and can stirs the steel ball component of hub bearing and rotate more than 90 °, thereby obtain negative play. can stir under axial loading under steel ball at torque loading device, steel ball is in pretension and lax critical condition, the unloading force that the axial load power of now recording is steel ball, also be the unloading force of assembly parts, can obtain negative play according to unloading force, have detection simple to operate, detection efficiency is high, the advantage that reliability is high.
In this specific embodiment, described mandrel supporting tooling 2 is connected with the lifting drive 4 that drives 2 liftings of mandrel supporting tooling, described outer ring positioning tool 3 is fixedly mounted in frame 1, described rotation load driver mechanism includes rotation and loads axle 52, and the rotation load driver parts 53 that drive steel ball shift fork 51 to rotate, rotation load driver parts 53 are fixedly mounted in frame 1, rotation loads axle 52 and drives and be connected with rotation load driver parts 53, rotation loads moving the fitting over of axle 52 rotations and steps down in through hole 31, and steel ball shift fork 51 is arranged on rotation and loads on axle 52. Steel ball shift fork comprises installation sleeve, is extended with the tubular shift fork body of end band moving tooth on installation sleeve, and installation sleeve is sleeved on that rotation loads on axle and is spacing through spacing dististyle, screw locking afterwards. The preferential motor that adopts of rotation load driver parts 53, motor is directly installed on outer ring positioning tool 3. Mandrel supporting tooling is lifting, and outer ring positioning tool, for fixing, facilitates torque loading device to coordinate with the installation of outer ring positioning tool, and structure is more compact. Can certainly adopt outer ring positioning tool is lifting, and mandrel supporting tooling is fixing structural design; Or both all adopt lifting design; But there is the defect of complex structure and poor stability in it. Described mandrel supporting tooling is arranged in to positioning tool below, outer ring. Can reuse like this height space position of frame apart from ground, realize the corresponding lowering or hoisting gear mounting design of mandrel supporting tooling, and mandrel supporting tooling is lifting, be convenient to hub bearing and pick and place.
Detect stability for improving, described outer ring positioning tool 3 comprises the outer ring supporting base 32 for hub bearing outer ring positioning support, and outer ring supporting base holder 33, outer ring supporting base holder 33 is fixed in frame 1, in frame 1, through column, mounting platform is installed, on mounting platform, establish installing hole, it is interior through screw locking that outer ring supporting base holder 33 is inserted into installing hole, and outer ring supporting base 32 floats and is arranged on outer ring supporting base holder 33 through axial elastic buffering mechanism. In the time of outer ring supporting base contact hub bearing, there is certain axial buffer, make the holding action of hub bearing more stable, avoid directly impacting the damage that causes equipment and hub bearing, to hub bearing clamping and positioning in advance, carry out afterwards hub bearing to implement axially to load more stably; Meanwhile, steel ball shift fork can enter slowly in hub bearing and coordinate with steel ball, because hub bearing is by pre-aligned, hub bearing initiatively caters to and enters steel ball shift fork position, steel ball shift fork can be entered in hub bearing more reliably, avoid the steel ball component damage to hub bearing.
Wherein, described elastic buffering mechanism includes floating seat 34 and helical spring 35, described outer ring supporting base holder 33 is provided with movable chamber 331, and floating seat 34 is arranged in movable chamber 331 and can axial slip, and helical spring 35 is located between floating seat 34 and 331 bottoms, movable chamber. On floating seat 34, have ring spring locating slot 341, movable chamber 331 diapires are provided with the spring positioning ring groove 332 with ring spring locating slot 341 corresponding matching, helical spring 35 one end positioning supports are in ring spring locating slot 341, helical spring 35 other end positioning supports are in spring positioning ring groove 332, and the location and installation of helical spring 35 is solid and reliable.
For further making floating seat having stable behavior reliable, on floating seat 34 sidewalls, slip guide block 36 is detachably installed, in 331 circumferential side wall of movable chamber, be provided with axial channel 333, axial channel 333 is for radially connecting the hollow slots of floating seat 34, and slip guide block 36 is slidably fitted in axial channel 333. Under this structure, be convenient to floating seat dismounting; And movable chamber and axial channel realize Dual positioning guiding, the motion of floating seat is more reliable and stable.
Certainly as the feasible scheme of the present invention, axial elasticity buffer gear can also be: as outer ring supporting base is directly slidably fitted on the supporting base holder of outer ring, between outer ring supporting base and outer ring supporting base holder, coordinate resilient rubbber cushion; Or employing gas spring, outer ring supporting base is directly slidably fitted on the supporting base holder of outer ring, and realizes buffering by gas spring; Or extension spring, outer ring supporting base is directly slidably fitted on the supporting base holder of outer ring, and cushions by extension spring; Or liquid storage bag, outer ring supporting base is directly slidably fitted on the supporting base holder of outer ring, between outer ring supporting base and outer ring supporting base holder, coordinates liquid storage bag, when compression, liquid in liquid storage bag is squeezed and to reach buffering, after earth pressure release, in liquid storage bag, re-fill liquid and reset etc. The defects such as the above-mentioned mechanism that blendes together exists complex structure, and buffering effect is poor, therefore preferentially adopt the Coiled Spring Design of the compression buffering of this specific embodiment.
In this specific embodiment, described outer ring supporting base 32 includes tubular seat ring 321, tubular seat ring 321 excircles are provided with mounting flange 322, mounting flange 322 is positioned at tubular seat ring 321 middle parts, tubular seat ring 321 comprises the location division 3211 that is positioned at the axial side of mounting flange, and for the support 3212 of support cage bearing outer ring, location division 3211 positioning and plug-in mountings of described outer ring supporting base 32 are in floating seat 34, and the mounting flange 322 of outer ring supporting base 32 coordinates and is fixedly connected with through bolt with the axial end of floating seat 34 is spacing. Described mandrel supporting tooling 2 comprises inner ring supporting base 21, and inner ring supporting base mount pad 22, inner ring supporting base mount pad 22 is fixedly mounted on lifting drive 4, described inner ring supporting base 21 includes tubular body 211, the excircle of tubular body 211 is provided with ring flange 212, ring flange 212 is positioned at tubular body 211 middle parts, and tubular body 211 comprises the termination, location 2111 that is positioned at the axial side of ring flange 212, and for the supporting cylinder 2112 of support cage bearing ring. Outer ring supporting base and inner ring supporting base adopt pre-aligned plug-in mounting, and connect through flange limiting, easy accessibility, and fixation is reliable.
Hub spindle carries play checkout equipment operation principle: when initial, mandrel supporting tooling 2 declines, grasping part expansion, hub bearing is placed on mandrel supporting tooling 2, mandrel supporting tooling 2 carries hub bearing and rises until contact outer ring positioning tool 3, form and be fixedly clamped in advance, mandrel supporting tooling 2 continues the loading of rising afterwards, under the effect of axial loading force, steel ball component trend departs from, be tending towards discharging negative play, in the time axially loading, torque loading device applies the rotation torque of rated value to the outside one row steel ball component of hub bearing, when the axial loading force applying when outer ring positioning tool and mandrel supporting tooling arrives certain value, torque loading device just can also rotate at least 90 ° by turning wheel hub bearing steel ball assembly, this axial chucking power (also can be described as axial loading force) corresponds to the negative gap value of hub bearing.
For realizing automation control, in frame 1, be also provided with corresponding mandrel supporting tooling 2 down positions, for detection of the detection probe 8 of whether putting hub bearing on mandrel supporting tooling 2. Preferably, described steel ball shift fork coordinates that with the retainer of hub bearing steel ball component steel ball component is applied to rotation torque, groove is stirred in axial outside end face setting at retainer, and the end of steel ball shift fork is provided with and the moving tooth of stirring groove and engaging, steel ball shift fork and retainer stir groove engagement fit.
Claims (7)
1. hub spindle carries a play detection method, it is characterized in that, carries out according to following operation:
By torque loading device, the interior row steel ball component of hub bearing is applied to nominal torque P, nominal torque P is 5 to 15N.m, and described torque loading device includes steel ball shift fork, and drives the rotation load driver mechanism of steel ball shift fork, to mandrel and the bearing outer ring mode of press fit device top hub bearing, hub bearing is applied to axial load by bearing shaft, so that hub bearing is tending towards discharging negative play, described bearing shaft comprises the mandrel supporting tooling for bearing core shaft positioning support to press fit device, and for the outer ring positioning tool to bearing outer ring positioning support, described outer ring positioning tool and mandrel supporting tooling positioned opposite and can be vertically mutually away from, close, between outer ring positioning tool and mandrel supporting tooling, have axially clamping grasping part that can axial stretching of hub bearing, enclose outside and in positioning tool, be provided with the axially extended through hole of stepping down, steel ball shift fork is placed in steps down in through hole, the mode that bearing shaft progressively increases progressively with load value to press fit device applies axial load to hub bearing, axial load is loaded on torque loading device and can stirs the steel ball component of hub bearing and rotate more than 90 °, thereby obtain negative play.
2. hub spindle carries play detection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described mandrel supporting tooling is connected with the lifting drive that drives the lifting of mandrel supporting tooling, described outer ring positioning tool is fixedly mounted in frame, described rotation load driver mechanism includes rotation and loads axle, and the rotation load driver parts that drive steel ball shift fork to rotate, rotation load driver parts are fixedly mounted in frame, rotation loads axle and drives and be connected with rotation load driver parts, rotation loads moving the fitting over of axle rotation and steps down in through hole, steel ball shift fork is arranged on rotation and loads on axle.
3. hub spindle carries play detection method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described mandrel supporting tooling is arranged in positioning tool below, outer ring.
4. hub spindle carries play detection method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described outer ring positioning tool comprises the outer ring supporting base for hub bearing outer ring positioning support, and outer ring supporting base holder, outer ring supporting base holder is fixed in frame, and outer ring supporting base floats and is arranged on the supporting base holder of outer ring through axial elastic buffering mechanism.
5. hub spindle carries play detection method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described elastic buffering mechanism includes floating seat and helical spring, described outer ring supporting base holder is provided with movable chamber, floating seat is arranged in movable chamber and can axial slip, between helical spring is located at bottom floating seat and movable chamber.
6. hub spindle carries play detection method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: on described floating seat sidewall, slip guide block is detachably installed, in the circumferential side wall of movable chamber, be provided with axial channel, axial channel is the hollow slots that radially connects floating seat, and slip guide block is slidably fitted in axial channel.
7. carry play detection method according to hub spindle described in claim 1 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6, it is characterized in that: described steel ball shift fork coordinates that with the retainer of hub bearing steel ball component steel ball component is applied to rotation torque, groove is stirred in axial outside end face setting at retainer, the end of steel ball shift fork is provided with and the moving tooth of stirring groove and engaging, steel ball shift fork and retainer stir groove engagement fit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510702331.4A CN105588494A (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Hub bearing negative windage detection method |
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| CN201510702331.4A CN105588494A (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Hub bearing negative windage detection method |
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| CN201510702331.4A Pending CN105588494A (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | Hub bearing negative windage detection method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106524977A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-03-22 | 重庆长江轴承股份有限公司 | Three-point measurement method for negative clearance of third-generation hub bearing unit |
| CN106871846A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-20 | 韶关学院 | The online direct measuring method of negative clearance when a kind of hub-bearing unit riveted is assembled |
| CN108326641A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-07-27 | 郭毅 | Clamp assemblies and knife sharpener |
| CN106017934B (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-11-06 | 人本集团有限公司 | Automobile hub bearing tester |
| CN112097606A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-18 | 杭州仁源汽配有限公司 | High-load hub unit-based negative clearance rapid detection system and detection method thereof |
| CN113819872A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-21 | 浙江万向精工有限公司 | Wheel hub bearing working clearance analysis device and analysis method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106017934B (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-11-06 | 人本集团有限公司 | Automobile hub bearing tester |
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| CN108326641B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2024-02-20 | 盈珈迈精密制造（深圳）有限公司 | Clamping assembly and knife grinder |
| CN112097606A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-18 | 杭州仁源汽配有限公司 | High-load hub unit-based negative clearance rapid detection system and detection method thereof |
| CN113819872A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-21 | 浙江万向精工有限公司 | Wheel hub bearing working clearance analysis device and analysis method |
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