CN105586368B - A kind of method of the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of sorghum seed - Google Patents
A kind of method of the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of sorghum seed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing method of sorghum seed and the method for fermentation production of citric acid, key steps are as follows: (1) α-amylase is added in gained sorghum flour and 50~90 DEG C of hot water after being crushed sorghum seed；(2) by gained slurry by spraying twice；(3) by gained liquefier, total sugar concentration is diluted to 8~12% with hot water, total nitrogen is 0.15~0.4%, is configured to seed culture medium；(4) gained liquefier and decolouring liquid glucose are mixed；Gained seed liquor is forwarded in fermentation medium, fermentation liquid is obtained after fermented and cultured；(5) gained fermentation liquid is separated by solid-liquid separation and removes solid content, extraction obtains citric acid.For this method compared with maize production citric acid, conversion ratio, production cycle are close, stable product quality, lower production costs；It is the suitable feedstock for substituting the starchy materials such as corn, cassava production citric acid, produces citric acid for enterprise and increase raw material selection approach.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biological fermentation, specifically, being related to the processing method and fermentation of a kind of sorghum seed
The method for producing citric acid.
Background technique
Citric acid is output and the maximum organic acid of usage amount in the world, is a kind of important chemical products, has wide
General purposes.Citric acid is mainly used for food industry, such as acid, buffer, antioxidant, flavor promoting agent, gelling agent, tune
Toner etc., and medicine, feed, chemical industry, electronics, weaving, petroleum, leather, building, photography, plastics, casting and ceramics etc. are industrial
There is very wide application in field, and market demand increases year by year.China is the largest Citric Acid Production and exported country, production
Technique is advanced, and the market competitiveness is strong, especially creates before occupying the world with the submerged fermentation index for the starchy materials such as corn, potato be dry
Column.
Currently, the main starchy material of domestic enterprise's production citric acid is corn.However, fast with corn price
Speed is soaring, and raw material has become the prime cost of citric acid finished product.Therefore, cost is all urgently found more by Citric Acid Production enterprise
Cheap starchy material, or even fermented using mixed raw material.Wherein, the application of import cassava is more universal, but cassava is fermented
The value for reducing byproduct increases extraction difficulty.In addition, wheat flour is gradually applied to citric acid fermentation, and separate
Obtained tanimoto powder added value is higher, but the separating effect of wheat flour influences fermentation conversion rate, and not using wheat flour substitution
Newly-increased Gluten separation equipment is only needed, investment is increased, original process equipment is unable to fully utilize.Therefore, it is avoiding increasing and change
Become under conditions of original equipment and process flow, selects that other are cheap, yield is high, content of starch is high, easy storage transports, secondary valence
Be worth high raw material substitute corn fermentation production citric acid be a urgent problem to be solved.
A variety of starchy materials are compared, yield, price, content of starch, nutritional ingredient, storage condition, application range are compared
Etc. multinomial factor, for sorghum as a kind of non-grain farmer crop, planting range is wide, and total output is high, and content of starch is close with corn, contains
Amino acid classes are consistent, and total protein content is slightly higher, and are easy to store, and are the desirable feedstocks for substituting corn.But due to sorghum
Tannin content is relatively high in seed, influences its application value.
Tannin is also referred to as tannic acid or tannic acid, brown, has strong bitter taste, influences palatability；Tannin energy and albumen
Matter and digestive ferment combine, and influence the utilization rate of protein and amino acid.The exactly presence of tannin, so that sorghum is as important shallow lake
Silty crop is but seldom used for fermenting and producing as raw material.Therefore, Yao Liyong sorghum seed fermentation production of citric acid, needs gram
Sorghum tannin is taken to the inhibiting effect of thalli growth；Eliminate influence of the tannin to abstraction process；And improve the value of byproduct.
Currently, the domestic research about sorghum seed fermentation production of citric acid is less, also without the phase of its industrial application
Close report.In the patent of invention that Chinese publication No. is CN102864185A, date of publication is 2013.01.09, a kind of benefit is disclosed
With the method for sorghum flour fermentation production of citric acid, it is production bacterial strain with aspergillus niger, is accessed using sorghum flour as primary carbon source
The fermenting and producing that citric acid is carried out in liquid fermentation medium is aerated culture in the fermenter, and fermentation liquid is after extracting
It can get anhydrous citric acid or Citric Acid Mono crystallization.There is no propose and solve sorghum tannin to fermentation and citric acid for this method
The negative effect of the processes such as extraction, and technical effect achieved is unsatisfactory, and conversion ratio is lower than 93%, production application valence
Value is severely impacted.Secondly, this method is not 100% using sorghum as raw material, but using sorghum as primary carbon source, it needs
Two feedstock processing production lines of sorghum and corn are wanted, operating cost is increased.In addition, it is also necessary to consider adaptation of the strain to sorghum
Property, seed and fermentation medium be required to addition part maize raw material, and technique is relative complex, increases control difficulty.
Summary of the invention
To overcome disadvantages mentioned above, it is an object of that present invention to provide one kind can substitute corn fermentation production citric acid completely
The processing method of non-grain raw material and the method for producing citric acid.This method can not only eliminate sorghum tannin to fermentation and citric acid
The negative effect of the processes such as extraction, and under conditions of not increasing equipment investment and changing original process process, sorghum can be complete
Full substitution corn fermentation produces citric acid, and simple process is easy to control, and fermentation conversion rate, production cycle are close, and cost reduces
160 yuan/ton of citric acids.
In order to reach the goals above, the present inventor carries out many experiments comparison discovery, adds sodium hydroxide and twice high temperature
Spray treatment can make sorghum tannin detoxification, reduce its inhibition to thalli growth, two kinds of processing mode combination better effects.It is high
Although the detoxification of fine strain of millet tannin can reduce partial inhibition, harmful pigment that tannin and high-temperature injection generate still can be to fermentation
And it extracts and has an impact.In order to be further reduced sorghum tannin and pigment and adjust culture media nitrogen source, by most sorghum liquid
Change liquid to be filtered, removes the sorghum skin slag most containing tannin content；And obtained liquid glucose is subjected to active carbon decoloring, substantially
Tannin and pigment content in culture medium are reduced, not only contributes to thalli growth and fermentation results, and to subsequent extracted process
Get facilitation.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of method of the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of sorghum seed,
Include the following steps:
(1) gained sorghum flour and 50~90 DEG C of hot water, mix in proportion, use hydrogen-oxygen after being crushed sorghum seed
After changing sodium adjusting pH, α-amylase is added；
(2) by slurry obtained by step (1) by spraying twice, liquefier is obtained after iodine examination is qualified；Certain proportion is liquefied
Liquid removes filter residue by plate-frame filtering and obtains liquid glucose；Decolouring liquid glucose is obtained using decoloration sheet frame；
(3) by liquefier obtained by step (2), total sugar concentration is diluted to 8~12% with hot water, total nitrogen is 0.15~
0.4%, it is configured to seed culture medium, and access aspergillus niger spore and be trained seed liquor；
(4) liquefier obtained by step (2) and decolouring liquid glucose are mixed, so that mixed liquor total reducing sugar is 14~18%, total nitrogen is
0.06~0.13%, fermentation medium is made；Gained seed liquor in step (3) is forwarded in fermentation medium, fermented and cultured
After obtain fermentation liquid；
(5) fermentation liquid obtained by step (4) is separated by solid-liquid separation and removes solid content, then extracted through calcium salt method or chromatography
Obtain citric acid.
Further, after sorghum seed described in step (1) is crushed, sorghum flour is obtained after crossing 60 meshes.
Further, hot water described in step (1) is generated using in tap water, calcium salt with the useless syrup of generation, chromatographic isolation
Raffinate, condensed water are one such or several.
Further, ratio described in step (1) is 1:2.5~1:4.
Further, pH described in step (1) is 5~6.5.
Further, α-amylase additive amount described in step (1) is 15~30U/g sorghum flour.
Further, described in step (2) twice injection for one time 97~108 DEG C of injection temperation, secondary injection temperature 115
~135 DEG C.
Preferably, ratio described in step (2) is 70%~100%.
Preferably, filter residue described in step (2) is rich in sorghum gluten and fiber, uses as protein feed.
Preferably, using active carbon as filler, the standard of decolouring liquid glucose is less than for turbidity for decoloration sheet frame described in step (2)
50NTU, 420nm light transmittance are greater than 5%.
Preferably, by liquefier obtained by step (2), total sugar concentration is diluted to 8~12% with hot water, nitrogen source is added and makes
Total nitrogen is 0.15~0.4%.
Preferably, nitrogen source is one or more of in inorganic nitrogen-sourced and organic nitrogen source, and inorganic nitrogen-sourced is ammonium sulfate and/or nitric acid
Ammonium；Organic nitrogen source is one of corn pulp, corn starch residue, liquefied corn, bean cake powder, cotton seed meal, peptone, yeast extract
Or it is several.
Further, aspergillus niger spore access amount described in step (3) is that concentration is 15~500,000/milliliter after being inoculated with,
Most preferably 300,000/milliliter.
Further, seed culture condition described in step (3) are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by oxyty feedback regulation, adjust
Whole speed of agitator, ventilation ratio and tank pressure control dissolved oxygen solubility in 20% or more initial concentration, cultivate 24~30h.
Preferably, fermentation culture conditions described in step (4) are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, pass through oxyty feedback regulation, adjustment
Speed of agitator, ventilation ratio and tank pressure control dissolved oxygen solubility in 40% or more initial concentration.
Preferably, sorghum seed passes through with one of corn flour, wheat flour, tapioca starch, starch or in mixed fermentation life
Produce citric acid.
The present invention is beneficial to be had the technical effect that
Chinese sorghum nutritive ingredient is close with corn, and existing aspergillus niger strain is using sorghum as primary carbon source and nitrogen source, adaptability
Preferably, fermentation index is close, needs not move through screening and obtains the strain for being suitable for sorghum.
Sorghum tannin is subjected to detoxification by the effect and high-temperature injection liquefaction twice of sodium hydroxide highly basic, and passes through plate
Frame filtering, the higher skin slag of tannin content is separated, and carries out decolorization to liquid glucose, be effectively reduced in liquid glucose tannin and
The content of harmful pigment avoids tannin and pigment to the influence of thalli growth and fermentation results, is more advantageous to citric acid extraction；Together
When, due to the alkali process and twice detoxification efficiency of high-temperature injection, sorghum starch slag is as feed after also improving liquefier separation
Application value.
In addition, sorghum can substitute corn conduct completely under conditions of not increasing equipment investment and changing original process process
Single fermenting raw materials produce citric acid；It ferments compared to a plurality of line mixed raw material, technique and process are simpler, and equipment investment is more
It is small, and fermentation conversion rate, production cycle are close, and cost can decline 160 yuan/ton of citric acids.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
After sorghum seed is crushed, 60 meshes are crossed；Gained sorghum flour and 50 DEG C of tap water are mixed by 1:2.5 material-water ratio
Uniformly, slurry pH is adjusted to 6.5 with sodium hydroxide, high temperature α-amylase is added by the additive amount of 30U/g sorghum flour；Gained
Slurry first passes through 97 DEG C of injections, sprays using 135 DEG C, and iodine examination obtains qualified liquefier in after light brown.By 90% liquefier
Removing filter residue by plate-frame filtering, obtains liquid glucose and decolourize using active carbon decoloring sheet frame, decolouring liquid glucose turbidity is less than 50NTU,
420nm light transmittance prepares culture medium after being greater than 5%.
Seed culture medium is prepared: liquefier is mixed with tap water is diluted to 12% for total sugar concentration, and bean cake powder is added and makes
Total nitrogen is 0.4%, is configured to seed culture medium.Seed culture condition are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilating ratio
Example or tank pressure control dissolved oxygen solubility in 20% or more initial concentration；Concentration is 150,000/milliliter after spore inoculating, and culture is for 24 hours
After be forwarded to fermentation medium.
Fermentation medium is prepared: liquefier is mixed with liquid glucose, so that mixed liquor total reducing sugar is 18%, total nitrogen 0.13%, system
At fermentation medium.Fermentation culture conditions are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio or tank pressure that dissolved oxygen is molten
In 40% or more initial concentration, residual reduced sugar stops fermentation lower than 0.5% or less or when acidity does not increase for degree control.Fermentation liquid warp
Plate-frame filtering removes mycelium and albumen, then extracts to obtain citric acid through hydrogen calcium method.
Embodiment 2
After sorghum seed is crushed, 60 meshes are crossed；Gained sorghum flour and 60 DEG C of useless syrup are mixed by 1:2.8 material-water ratio
Uniformly, slurry pH is adjusted to 5.8 with sodium hydroxide, high temperature α-amylase is added by the additive amount of 25U/g sorghum flour；Gained
Slurry first passes through 100 DEG C of injections, sprays using 130 DEG C, and iodine examination obtains qualified liquefier in after light brown.By 85% liquefier
Removing filter residue by plate-frame filtering, obtain liquid glucose, decolourizes using active carbon decoloring sheet frame, decolouring liquid glucose turbidity is less than 50NTU,
420nm light transmittance prepares culture medium after being greater than 5%.
Seed culture medium is prepared: liquefier is mixed with deionized water is diluted to 11% for total sugar concentration, and cotton dregs powder, which is added, to be made
Obtaining total nitrogen is 0.35%, is configured to seed culture medium.Seed culture condition are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation
Ratio or tank pressure control dissolved oxygen solubility in 20% or more initial concentration；Concentration is 200,000/milliliter, culture after spore inoculating
Fermentation medium is forwarded to after 25h.
Fermentation medium is prepared: liquefier is mixed with liquid glucose, so that mixed liquor total reducing sugar is 17.5%, total nitrogen 0.12%,
Fermentation medium is made.Fermentation culture conditions are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio or tank pressure by dissolved oxygen
In 40% or more initial concentration, residual reduced sugar stops fermentation lower than 0.5% or less or when acidity does not increase for solubility control.Fermentation liquid
Mycelium and albumen are removed through plate-frame filtering, then extracts to obtain citric acid through chromatography.
Embodiment 3
After sorghum seed is crushed, 60 meshes are crossed；Gained sorghum flour and 70 DEG C of chromatography raffinates, it is mixed by 1:3.0 material-water ratio
It closes uniformly, slurry pH is adjusted to 5.0 with sodium hydroxide, high temperature α-amylase is added by the additive amount of 20U/g sorghum flour；Institute
Slurry first pass through 102 DEG C of injections, using 127 DEG C spray, iodine examination be in light brown after obtain qualified liquefier.By 80% liquefaction
Liquid removes filter residue by plate-frame filtering, obtains liquid glucose, decolourizes using active carbon decoloring sheet frame, and decolouring liquid glucose turbidity is less than
50NTU, 420nm light transmittance prepare culture medium after being greater than 5%.
Seed culture medium is prepared: liquefier is mixed with chromatography raffinate is diluted to 10% for total sugar concentration, and ammonium nitrate, which is added, to be made
Obtaining total nitrogen is 0.3%, is configured to seed culture medium.Seed culture condition are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation
Ratio or tank pressure control dissolved oxygen solubility in 20% or more initial concentration；Concentration is 250,000/milliliter, culture after spore inoculating
Fermentation medium is forwarded to after 26h.
Fermentation medium is prepared: liquefier is mixed with liquid glucose, so that mixed liquor total reducing sugar is 17%, total nitrogen 0.11%, system
At fermentation medium.Fermentation culture conditions are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio or tank pressure that dissolved oxygen is molten
In 40% or more initial concentration, residual reduced sugar stops fermentation lower than 0.5% or less or when acidity does not increase for degree control.Fermentation liquid warp
Plate-frame filtering removes mycelium and albumen, then extracts to obtain citric acid, the chromatography raffinate that chromatographic isolation workshop section generates through chromatography
It is reused for sizing mixing for sorghum flour.
Embodiment 4
After sorghum seed is crushed, 60 meshes are crossed；Gained sorghum flour and 80 DEG C of condensed waters are mixed equal by 1:4 material-water ratio
It is even, slurry pH is adjusted to 6.2 with sodium hydroxide, high temperature α-amylase is added by the additive amount of 20U/g sorghum flour；Gained powder
Slurry first pass through 105 DEG C of injections, using 120 DEG C spray, iodine examination be in light brown after obtain qualified liquefier.70% liquefier is passed through
It crosses plate-frame filtering and removes filter residue, obtain liquid glucose, decolourize using active carbon decoloring sheet frame, decolouring liquid glucose turbidity is less than 50NTU,
420nm light transmittance prepares culture medium after being greater than 5%.
Seed culture medium is prepared: liquefier is mixed with condensed water is diluted to 8% for total sugar concentration, and corn pulp is added and makes always
Nitrogen is 0.15%, is configured to seed culture medium.Seed culture condition are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio
Or tank pressure controls dissolved oxygen solubility in 20% or more initial concentration；Concentration is 300,000/milliliter after spore inoculating, after cultivating 30h
It is forwarded to fermentation medium.
Fermentation medium is prepared: liquefier is mixed with liquid glucose, so that mixed liquor total reducing sugar is 14.0%, total nitrogen 0.06%,
Fermentation medium is made.Fermentation culture conditions are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio or tank pressure by dissolved oxygen
In 40% or more initial concentration, residual reduced sugar stops fermentation lower than 0.5% or less or when acidity does not increase for solubility control.Fermentation liquid
Mycelium and albumen are removed through plate-frame filtering, then extracts to obtain citric acid through chromatography.
Embodiment 5
After sorghum seed is crushed, 60 meshes are crossed；The mixed liquor of gained sorghum flour and 85 DEG C of tap water and useless syrup, is pressed
1:3.2 material-water ratio is uniformly mixed, and slurry pH is adjusted to 6.0 with sodium hydroxide, and high temperature is added by the additive amount of 15U/g sorghum flour
α-amylase；Gained slurry first passes through 108 DEG C of injections, sprays using 115 DEG C, and iodine examination obtains qualified liquefaction in after light brown
Liquid.75% liquefier is removed into filter residue by plate-frame filtering, liquid glucose is obtained, decolourizes using active carbon decoloring sheet frame, decoloration sugar
Liquid turbidity is less than 50NTU, and 420nm light transmittance prepares culture medium after being greater than 5%.
Seed culture medium is prepared: liquefier mixes with useless syrup total sugar concentration being diluted to 8.5%, other are not added, total nitrogen
It is 0.18%, is configured to seed culture medium.Seed culture condition are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio or
Tank pressure controls dissolved oxygen solubility in 20% or more initial concentration；Concentration is 300,000/milliliter after spore inoculating, is turned after cultivating 29h
It is connected to fermentation medium.
Fermentation medium is prepared: liquefier is mixed with liquid glucose, so that mixed liquor total reducing sugar is 15%, total nitrogen 0.08%, system
At fermentation medium.Fermentation culture conditions are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio or tank pressure that dissolved oxygen is molten
In 40% or more initial concentration, residual reduced sugar stops fermentation lower than 0.5% or less or when acidity does not increase for degree control.Fermentation liquid warp
Plate-frame filtering removes mycelium and albumen, then extracts to obtain citric acid, the useless syrup weight generated in calcium salt with workshop section through hydrogen calcium method
It is used newly in sizing mixing for sorghum flour.
Embodiment 6
After sorghum seed is crushed, 60 meshes are crossed；The mixed liquor of gained sorghum flour and 90 DEG C of condensed waters and chromatography raffinate,
It is uniformly mixed by 1:3.2 material-water ratio, slurry pH is adjusted to 5.7 with sodium hydroxide, be added by the additive amount of 20U/g sorghum flour high
Warm α-amylase；Gained slurry first passes through 97 DEG C of injections, sprays using 127 DEG C, and iodine examination obtains qualified liquefaction in after light brown
Liquid.75% liquefier is removed into filter residue by plate-frame filtering, liquid glucose is obtained, decolourizes using active carbon decoloring sheet frame, decoloration sugar
Liquid turbidity is less than 50NTU, and 420nm light transmittance prepares culture medium after being greater than 5%.
Seed culture medium is prepared: liquefier is mixed with chromatography raffinate is diluted to 9% for total sugar concentration, and ammonium sulfate and beans are added
Dregs of rice powder makes total nitrogen be 0.28%, is configured to seed culture medium.Seed culture condition are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, turn by adjusting stirring
Speed, ventilation ratio or tank pressure control dissolved oxygen solubility in 20% or more initial concentration；Concentration is 300,000/milli after spore inoculating
It rises, is forwarded to fermentation medium after cultivating 28h.
Fermentation medium is prepared: liquefier is mixed with liquid glucose, so that mixed liquor total reducing sugar is 16.0%, total nitrogen 0.09%,
Fermentation medium is made.Fermentation culture conditions are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio or tank pressure by dissolved oxygen
In 40% or more initial concentration, residual reduced sugar stops fermentation lower than 0.5% or less or when acidity does not increase for solubility control.Fermentation liquid
Mycelium and albumen are removed through plate-frame filtering, then extracts to obtain citric acid through chromatography, the chromatography that chromatographic isolation workshop section generates is residual
Liquid is reused for sizing mixing for sorghum flour.
Embodiment 7
After sorghum seed is crushed, 60 meshes are crossed；Gained sorghum flour and 85 DEG C of useless syrup and chromatography raffinate mixed liquor, are pressed
1:3.0 material-water ratio is uniformly mixed, and slurry pH is adjusted to 5.5 with sodium hydroxide, and high temperature is added by the additive amount of 18U/g sorghum flour
α-amylase；Gained slurry first passes through 97 DEG C of injections, sprays using 127 DEG C, and iodine examination is in the sorghum for obtaining qualification after light brown
Liquefier.Sorghum liquefier is removed into filter residue by plate-frame filtering, liquid glucose is obtained, decolourizes using active carbon decoloring sheet frame, take off
Sugar colour liquid turbidity is less than 50NTU, and 420nm light transmittance prepares culture medium after being greater than 5%.In addition corn is obtained by crushing, liquefying
Qualified liquefied corn.
Seed culture medium is prepared: sorghum liquid glucose and liquefied corn being mixed by 4:1, with concentrated sugar water by total sugar concentration
It is diluted to 9%, ammonium sulfate is added, total nitrogen is made to be 0.25%, be configured to seed culture medium.Seed culture condition are as follows: temperature 37
DEG C, dissolved oxygen solubility is controlled in 20% or more initial concentration by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio or tank pressure；After spore inoculating
Concentration is 300,000/milliliter, is forwarded to fermentation medium after cultivating 27h.
Fermentation medium is prepared: sorghum liquid glucose and liquefied corn mixed, so that mixed liquor total reducing sugar is 16.5%,
Total nitrogen is 0.09%, and fermentation medium is made.Fermentation culture conditions are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio
Or tank pressure controls dissolved oxygen solubility in 40% or more initial concentration, residual reduced sugar stops lower than 0.5% or less or when acidity does not increase
Only ferment.Fermentation liquid removes mycelium and albumen through plate-frame filtering, then extracts to obtain citric acid through hydrogen calcium method, in calcium salt and workshop section
The useless syrup generated is reused for sizing mixing for sorghum flour.
Embodiment 8
After sorghum seed is crushed, 60 meshes are crossed；Gained sorghum flour and 85 DEG C of tap water, useless syrup and chromatography raffinate are mixed
Liquid is closed, is uniformly mixed by 1:3.0 material-water ratio, slurry pH is adjusted to 5.5 with sodium hydroxide, by the additive amount of 18U/g sorghum flour
High temperature α-amylase is added；Gained slurry first passes through 97 DEG C of injections, sprays using 127 DEG C, and iodine examination is closed in after light brown
The sorghum liquefier of lattice.Sorghum liquefier is removed into filter residue by plate-frame filtering, liquid glucose is obtained, using active carbon decoloring sheet frame
Decoloration, decolouring liquid glucose turbidity are less than 50NTU, and 420nm light transmittance prepares culture medium after being greater than 5%.In addition corn passes through crushing, liquid
Change and obtains qualified liquefied corn；Wheat flour obtains starch milk liquefier by Protein Separation, liquefaction.
Seed culture medium is prepared: sorghum liquid glucose and liquefied corn being mixed by 4:1, with concentrated sugar water by total sugar concentration
It is diluted to 9%, ammonium sulfate is added, total nitrogen is made to be 0.25%, be configured to seed culture medium.Seed culture condition are as follows: temperature 37
DEG C, dissolved oxygen solubility is controlled in 20% or more initial concentration by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio or tank pressure；After spore inoculating
Concentration is 300,000/milliliter, is forwarded to fermentation medium after cultivating 27h.
Fermentation medium is prepared: sorghum liquid glucose, liquefied corn and the lo-tionized liquid of wheaten starch being mixed, so that mixed
Closing liquid total reducing sugar is 16.5%, and fermentation medium is made in total nitrogen 0.10%.Fermentation culture conditions are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting
Speed of agitator, ventilation ratio or tank pressure control dissolved oxygen solubility in 40% or more initial concentration, and residual reduced sugar is lower than 0.5% or less
Or acidity stops fermentation when not increasing.Fermentation liquid removes mycelium and albumen through plate-frame filtering, then extracts to obtain lemon through hydrogen calcium method
Lemon is sour, and in calcium salt and the useless syrup of workshop section's generation is reused for sizing mixing for sorghum flour.
Comparative example 1:
After corn kernel is crushed, 60 meshes are crossed；Gained corn flour is mixed with 85 DEG C of tap water by 1:3 material-water ratio
It is even, slurry pH is adjusted to 6.0, high temperature α-amylase is added by the additive amount of 20U/g corn flour；Gained slurry is through overspray
Liquefaction, iodine examination is in the liquefied corn for obtaining qualification after light brown.Liquefied corn is removed into filter residue by plate-frame filtering, is obtained
Hydrol.
Seed culture medium is prepared: total sugar concentration being diluted to 10% with tap water by liquefied corn, ammonium sulfate, which is added, to be made
Obtaining total nitrogen is 0.25%, is configured to seed culture medium.Seed culture condition are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation
Ratio or tank pressure control dissolved oxygen solubility in 20% or more initial concentration；Concentration is 300,000/milliliter, culture after spore inoculating
Fermentation medium is forwarded to after 26h.
Fermentation medium is prepared: hydrol, liquefied corn mixed, so that mixed liquor total reducing sugar is 16.5%,
Total nitrogen is 0.10%, and fermentation medium is made.Fermentation culture conditions are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by adjusting speed of agitator, ventilation ratio
Or tank pressure controls dissolved oxygen solubility in 40% or more initial concentration, residual reduced sugar stops lower than 0.5% or less or when acidity does not increase
Only ferment.Fermentation liquid removes mycelium and albumen through plate-frame filtering, then extracts to obtain citric acid through hydrogen calcium method.
3 batches are repeated by 1 the method for comparative example.
Embodiment fermentation results and comparative example fermentation results are as shown in table 1 below, as seen from table, using the method for the invention
Using sorghum seed fermentation production of citric acid, under different feedstock processings and fermentation culture conditions, fermentation conversion rate can reach
To higher level, average value reaches 97.5%.Under the same terms, compared with corn fermentation result, fermentation and acid, period and conversion
Rate is close, is not significantly different, but since sorghum seed price is relatively low, with 1800 yuan/ton of sorghum, 2000 yuan/ton of corn
It calculates, fermentation workshop section production citric acid feed material cost is respectively 2874.6 yuan/ton of citric acids and 3138.2 yuan/ton of lemons
Acid, sorghum have cost advantage.
1 embodiment of table is compared with comparative example fermentation results
Acidity is all made of sodium hydroxide titration in GB1987-2007 and is measured in the present invention.Total reducing sugar and reduced sugar are adopted
It is measured with DNS method；Conversion ratio is obtained by calculation, and calculation formula is conversion ratio=acidity/total reducing sugar.
Be found through experiments that, sorghum can include with other starchiness corn flour, wheaten starch cream, tapioca starch, starch its
One of or more than one raw material mixed fermentations produce citric acid, fermentation index it is unaffected.
In addition, using sorghum liquefier as culture medium, since the nutrition contents such as amino acid are abundant, thalli growth compared with
Fastly, oxygen demand is larger, and production acid is relatively fast, needs to adjust revolving speed in time or air quantity improves oxyty, therefore in seed and hair
In ferment incubation in addition to other conventional control parameters, oxyty as an important indicator by feedback control, in time with
It is sufficient that track adjusts guarantee process dissolved oxygen.Find through optimum experimental: seed and fermented and cultured oxyty are controlled respectively in 20% He
40% or more can guarantee that dissolved oxygen is sufficient.
The technical concepts and features of embodiment of above only to illustrate the invention, its object is to allow be familiar with technique
People understands the contents of the present invention and is implemented, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, all spiritual according to the present invention
The equivalent change or modification that essence is done, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of method of the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of sorghum seed, characterized by the following steps:
(1) gained sorghum flour and 50~90 DEG C of hot water, mix in proportion, use sodium hydroxide after being crushed sorghum seed
After adjusting pH, α-amylase is added；
(2) by slurry obtained by step (1) by spraying twice, liquefier is obtained after iodine examination is qualified；Certain proportion liquefier is passed through
It crosses plate-frame filtering and removes filter residue and obtain liquid glucose；Decolouring liquid glucose is obtained using decoloration sheet frame；
(3) by liquefier obtained by step (2), total sugar concentration is diluted to 8~12% with hot water, total nitrogen is 0.15~0.4%, is matched
Seed culture medium is made, and accesses aspergillus niger spore and is trained seed liquor；
(4) liquefier obtained by step (2) and decolouring liquid glucose are mixed, so that mixed liquor total reducing sugar is 14~18%, total nitrogen 0.06
~0.13%, fermentation medium is made；Gained seed liquor in step (3) is forwarded in fermentation medium, fermented and cultured terminates
After obtain fermentation liquid；
(5) fermentation liquid obtained by step (4) is removed into solid content through being separated by solid-liquid separation, then extracts to obtain through calcium salt method or chromatography
Citric acid.
2. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
It is: after sorghum seed described in step (1) is crushed, obtains sorghum flour after crossing 60 meshes.
3. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
Be: hot water described in step (1) using tap water, in calcium salt and generate useless syrup, chromatographic isolation generate raffinate, condensed water its
One or more of.
4. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
Be: ratio described in step (1) is 1:2.5~1:4.
5. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
Be: pH described in step (1) is 5~6.5.
6. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
Be: α-amylase additive amount described in step (1) is 15~30U/g sorghum flour.
7. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
Be: described in step (2) twice injection for one time 97~108 DEG C of injection temperation, 115~135 DEG C of secondary injection temperature.
8. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
Be: ratio described in step (2) is 70%~100%.
9. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 8, feature
Be: filter residue described in step (2) is rich in sorghum gluten and fiber, uses as protein feed.
10. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
Be: using active carbon as filler, the standard of decolouring liquid glucose is that turbidity is less than 50NTU for decoloration sheet frame described in step (2),
420nm light transmittance is greater than 5%.
11. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
It is: by liquefier obtained by step (2), total sugar concentration is diluted to 8~12% with hot water, nitrogen source is added, total nitrogen is made to be 0.15
~0.4%.
12. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 11, special
Sign is: nitrogen source is one or more in inorganic nitrogen-sourced and organic nitrogen source, and inorganic nitrogen-sourced is ammonium sulfate and/or ammonium nitrate；It is organic
Nitrogen source is one or more of corn pulp, corn starch residue, liquefied corn, bean cake powder, cotton seed meal, peptone, yeast extract.
13. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
Be: aspergillus niger spore access amount described in step (3) is that concentration is 15~500,000/milliliter after being inoculated with.
14. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
Be: seed culture condition described in step (3) are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by oxyty feedback regulation, adjust speed of agitator,
Ventilation ratio and tank pressure control dissolved oxygen solubility in 20% or more initial concentration, cultivate 24~30h.
15. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
Be: fermentation culture conditions described in step (4) are as follows: 37 DEG C of temperature, by oxyty feedback regulation, adjust speed of agitator,
Ventilation ratio and tank pressure control dissolved oxygen solubility in 40% or more initial concentration.
16. the method for the processing method and fermentation production of citric acid of a kind of sorghum seed according to claim 1, feature
Be: sorghum seed is by producing citric acid with the mixed fermentation of one or more of corn flour, wheat flour, tapioca starch, starch.
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| CN107815421B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2020-06-05 | 江苏国信协联能源有限公司 | Aspergillus niger seed culture and citric acid preparation method |
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| CN102321704A (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2012-01-18 | 中粮生物化学（安徽）股份有限公司 | Method for treating starchy raw material and method for preparing citric acid |
| CN102864185A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2013-01-09 | 安徽丰原发酵技术工程研究有限公司 | Method for producing citric acid by fermenting sorghum powder |
| CN103146768A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-12 | 中粮生物化学（安徽）股份有限公司 | Method for preparing citric acid |
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| CN102321704A (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2012-01-18 | 中粮生物化学（安徽）股份有限公司 | Method for treating starchy raw material and method for preparing citric acid |
| CN102864185A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2013-01-09 | 安徽丰原发酵技术工程研究有限公司 | Method for producing citric acid by fermenting sorghum powder |
| CN103146768A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-12 | 中粮生物化学（安徽）股份有限公司 | Method for preparing citric acid |
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