CN105584469A - Vehicle braking system, braking method, and vehicle provided with braking system - Google Patents

Vehicle braking system, braking method, and vehicle provided with braking system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105584469A
CN105584469A CN201410555166.XA CN201410555166A CN105584469A CN 105584469 A CN105584469 A CN 105584469A CN 201410555166 A CN201410555166 A CN 201410555166A CN 105584469 A CN105584469 A CN 105584469A
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distance
speed
vehicle
control module
rainfall
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CN201410555166.XA
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CN105584469B (en
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陈丽娜
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Hella Shanghai Electronics Co Ltd
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Hella Shanghai Electronics Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle braking system. The vehicle braking system includes: a distance measurement unit for measuring the distance of a front vehicle, a pedestrian, or a barrier; a speed measurement unit for measuring the running speed of a vehicle; a control unit for receiving distance information sent by the distance measurement unit and running speed information sent by the speed measurement unit, and for outputting a braking command; a braking unit for performing braking operation on the vehicle according to the braking command; and a rainfall sensor for sending a signal containing rainfall to the control unit according to the rainfall. The control unit determines a current ground friction coefficient [mu] according to the rainfall and determines a safe speed according to the distance and the friction coefficient [mu]; the control unit compares the safe speed and the running speed, when the safe speed is less than the running speed, the control unit sends the braking command to the braking unit; and when the safe speed is greater than the running speed, the vehicle continues running. According to the technical scheme, the safe speed can be determined according to different road conditions, automatic braking is targeted, and the safety is high.

Description

A kind of motor vehicle braking system, braking method and there is the vehicle of this brakes
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle electric field, relate in particular to a kind of motor vehicle braking system, braking method and toolThere is the vehicle of this brakes.
Background technology
In recent years, along with rapid economic development, more and more people add garage's row, and traffic accident alsoBecome " the first in the world evil ", and China is one of country that toll on traffic is maximum in the world. NumberAccording to the show, 2009, Chinese automobile recoverable amount accounted for 3% of world car recoverable amount, but traffic accident16% of the death toll Que Zhan world. 2009, there is road traffic accident and cause 67759 in the whole nation altogetherPeople's death, 27.5 ten thousand people are injured, 9.1 hundred million yuan of direct property loss; 2010 and 2011, trafficThe accident number that causes death is respectively 65225 and 62387 people, within continuous more than ten years, ranks first in the world.According to statistics, in traffic accident, 1/2 causes because the speed of a motor vehicle is too fast, and wherein having is again the speed of a motor vehicle greatlyThe too fast pedestrian of causing is wounded to die.
Existing pedestrian passive detection anticollision device, collision-prevention device just gives driver provides warning, but because being peopleNeed certain reaction time or now driver have little time brake doing other things, traffic accident is just thereuponOccur. Another automobile active detecting anticollision device, collision-prevention device is to set a fixing safe distance, but whereinThe safe distance utilizing, in default of theoretical basis, is inaccurate. Safe distance and the speed of a motor vehicle in realityAnd the coefficient of friction on automobile and ground has certain relation, not steady state value. In initiatively inspection of automobileSurvey the theoretical safe distance and the actual safe distance error that in anticollision device, collision-prevention device, use larger.
Therefore, need a kind of new vehicle brakes that can determine according to different road conditions safe distance,Improve precision and the travel safety of the safe distance calculating.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of motor vehicle braking system, systemMoving method and there is the vehicle of this brakes.
The invention discloses a kind of motor vehicle braking system, comprising: range cells, for measure front vehicles,The distance of pedestrian or barrier; The unit that tests the speed, for the travel speed of measuring vehicle; Control module, connectsReceive described distance and the travel speed information sent in described range cells and the unit that tests the speed, and output one brakingInstruction; Brake unit, carries out brake operating according to described braking instruction to vehicle; Also comprise: rainfall passesSensor, sends a signal that comprises rainfall size according to the rainfall gathering to described control module; Described controlUnit processed determines that according to ground friction coefficient μ corresponding to rainfall size in described signal current ground friction isNumber μ, and determine safe speed according to described distance, coefficient of friction by theorem of kinetic energy; Described control is singleThe more described safe speed of unit and described travel speed, when described safe speed is less than described travel speedTime, described control module sends described braking instruction to described brake unit.
Preferably, described range cells comprises infrared sensor, detects the infrared ray of pedestrian's radiation.
Preferably, described range cells also comprises Fresnel Lenses, focuses on the infrared ray of pedestrian's radiation to instituteState infrared sensor.
Preferably, described motor vehicle braking system also comprises: signal processing unit, be located at described range cellsAnd/or test the speed between unit and control module, to carrying the signal of described distance and/or travel speed and rainfallAmplification and/or filtering and A/D conversion.
Preferably, described motor vehicle braking system also comprises: display unit, shows described distance and/or travelSpeed.
Preferably, described brake unit comprises: self-actuating brake circuit, and according to described braking instruction braking car.
Preferably, described self-actuating brake circuit comprises: laser FET and brake module, described laserFET, according to described braking instruction conducting or disconnection, is controlled described brake module and whether is braked.
The invention also discloses a kind of vehicle braking method, comprise the following steps: S1: measurement front vehicles,The distance of pedestrian or barrier and vehicle; S2: measure the travel speed when vehicle in front; S3: by described distanceFrom and travel speed be sent to the control module of vehicle; S4: rain sensor gathers rainfall size, and toDescribed control module sends the signal that comprises rainfall size; S5: described control module is right according to rainfall sizeThe ground friction coefficient μ answering determines current ground friction coefficient μ; S6: described control module is according to described distanceDetermine safe speed from, coefficient of friction by theorem of kinetic energy; S7: the more described safety of described control moduleThe size of the speed of a motor vehicle, in the time that described safe speed is less than described travel speed, described control module sends a systemMoving instruction to the brake unit of vehicle is carried out brake operating.
Preferably, in described step S5, the rainfall size pass corresponding with ground friction coefficient μ is: whenRainfall size is for when raining heavyly, and described ground friction coefficient μ is 0.5; In the time that rainfall size is moderate rain, described inGround friction coefficient μ is 0.6; In the time that rainfall size is light rain, described ground friction coefficient μ is 0.7; WhenRainfall size is during without rain, and described ground friction coefficient μ is 0.8.
Preferably, in described step S6, while calculating described safe speed, described distance is the distance recordingFrom deducting driver perception reaction distance, then deduct a margin value.
Preferably, described margin value is 20% of the distance that records.
The present invention discloses again a kind of vehicle with above-mentioned motor vehicle braking system.
Adopt after technique scheme, compared with prior art, there is following beneficial effect:
1. calculate actual safe distance between vehicles according to different road conditions, avoided in unalterable safe distance between vehicles in timeBrake still cannot be hidden the situation of front pedestrian or barrier.
2. front pedestrian or obstacle detection are wider, have reduced the possibility of blind spot.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system architecture schematic diagram of motor vehicle braking system in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of self-actuating brake circuit in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is Fresnel Lenses search angle schematic diagram in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Further set forth advantage of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
Consulting Fig. 1, is the system architecture schematic diagram of motor vehicle braking system in one embodiment of the invention. VehicleBrakes includes: range cells, can measure the distance of this car and front pedestrian, vehicle or barrier,And outwards send the signal that comprises this distance, the distance of indication herein, refer to by Ben Che and front pedestrian,Vehicle or barrier are considered as the distance between 2 after unit point; The unit that tests the speed, can measuring vehicle currentTravel speed, equally also outwards send the signal that comprises this travel speed information; Control module, i.e. carMCU, receives respectively above-mentioned two signals that comprise distance and travel speed information. For road conditions are enteredRow is analyzed, and in the present invention, motor vehicle braking system also includes a rain sensor, can be used for remote measurement liquidThe data such as precipitation, precipitation intensity, precipitation beginning and ending time, the rain that this rain sensor collects analysisAmount size, and be connected with control module, the signal that comprises current rainfall size data is sent to and controls listUnit, control module comparison rainfall size data, finds out ground friction coefficient corresponding to current rainfall sizeμ, thus judge the coefficientoffrictionμ on current ground. Control module is according to range cells and the list that tests the speed subsequentlyUnit that record with distance and travel speed front pedestrian, vehicle or barrier, and at theorem of kinetic energy(μ is coefficient of friction, N=mg, and g gets 9.8m/s2, the quality that m is vehicle, s is for justThe distance of front barrier, vtFor safe speed) basis on the computationally secure speed of a motor vehicle. Calculating to obtain friction systemAfter safe speed after number weighting, control module compares this safe speed and current driving speed,In the time that safe speed is less than travel speed, control module will send the braking list of a braking instruction to vehicleUnit, is receiving after braking instruction, and brake unit is carried out brake operating to vehicle; And when safe speed largeIn the time of travel speed, control module can not send braking instruction to brake unit, and vehicle just continues to travel downGo.
In one preferred embodiment, range cells is configured to infrared sensor, and the preferred heat that can use is releasedElectricity infrared sensor, the infrared ray giving off for detection of pedestrian on road, because infrared ray pollution is little, cloudMist penetration power is stronger, and most traffic accident be pedestrian do not observe traffic rules and regulations caused, because ofThis, use infrared sensor to carry out emergency brake for pedestrian and dodge. Subsequently, according to infrared ray itselfStraightline propagation is difficult to the principle of diffusion, in range cells, is also provided with a Fresnel Lenses. Consult figure3, be Fresnel Lenses search angle schematic diagram in the present invention, its search angle is α, can be before infrared sensorInstall this Fresnel Lenses additional, make the investigative range of infrared sensor be coniform shape, and investigative rangeDistance can reach tens meters, even if pedestrian for example, or not the dead ahead of vehicle but (cross in side frontRoad) time, still can be detected by infrared sensor. What simultaneously Fresnel Lenses can be by pedestrian's radiationInfrared ray focuses on infrared sensor, produces the highly sensitive district of infra-red radiation and the blind area that alternately change, withAdapt to the characteristic that pyroelectric infrared sensor requires signal constantly to change.
Can expect, in above-described embodiment, also can use and comprise other distance-measuring equipments as electromagnetic wave sensingThe range cells of device etc., is used the distance of itself functional measurement and front pedestrian, vehicle or barrier,The mode that is not limited to mention in above-described embodiment.
Introduce in detail the computational methods of safe speed in above preferred embodiment herein:
Infrared sensor detects after the infrared signal that pedestrian sends, because Fresnel Lenses has detectedSide front pedestrian's distance d (vehicle and pedestrian's spacing), but vehicle is for to overtake, and this is apart from dThe not distance s for braking in the direction of dead ahead, therefore, according to Fresnel Lenses search angle α, calculatesCan obtain the distance s=dcos α that upwards can brake in dead ahead. In addition, consider that driver is from observingSide is dangerous to the actual reaction time of stepping on brake pedal, can on the basis of braking distance s, should deduct at thisReaction distance △ s=vttInstead, obtain deducting the braking distance s=dcos α-v after reaction distancettInstead, makeThe safe distance that can brake is more accurate. Meanwhile, for further safety, at the base of this braking distance sOn plinth, deduct part margin value (getting 20% in this embodiment), prevent long, driver of reaction timeWhen the special circumstances such as mis-accelerator pressing occur, the inadequate condition of braking distance, finally obtains stopping after a weightingSpacing s=0.8* (dcos α-vttInstead), this braking distance s is brought in theorem of kinetic energy, and after abbreviationObtain safety shut-down speed:
Wherein tInsteadDesirable 0.7 second, d was not according toParameter with Fresnel Lenses determines.
Drive a vehicle during due to the different rainfall coefficientoffrictionμ difference on ground, therefore, the value of μ is large with rainfallLittle difference and changing, in an embodiment, the pass of both correspondences is:
When raining heavyly, μ=0.5,
When moderate rain, μ=0.6,
When light rain, μ=0.7,
During without rain, μ=0.8,
The selection of above-mentioned coefficientoffrictionμ can be according to road conditions adjustment, above-mentionedly not does any to the value of μ for exampleLimit. And the judgement of rainfall can be divided according to the rainfall criterion of meteorological field routine, also orManually adjust.
When calculating after safe speed v, just compare with actual vehicle speed, thereby determined by control moduleWhether need to carry out self-actuating brake.
Continue to consult Fig. 1, in order to ensure range cells and test the speed unit measuring distance data and current drivingVehicle speed data is passed to the accuracy of control module, and motor vehicle braking system also includes signal processing unit,This signal processing unit can be arranged on range cells, between the unit that tests the speed, rain sensor and control module,Range cells, the unit that tests the speed, rain sensor are sent carry distance and/or travel speed and rainfallSignal carry out amplification filtering and/or A/D conversion, preventing range cells, the unit that tests the speed, rainfall passThe signal that sensor sends is too faint, and the situation of None-identified or identification error occurs.
Alternatively or preferably, motor vehicle braking system also includes a display unit, be connected with control module,When control module obtains when after the distance and travel speed of vehicle in front and front pedestrian, vehicle or barrier,Above-mentioned information is sent to display unit, and demonstrates on display unit, to inform the above-mentioned letter of driverBreath. Known, display unit can be the common demonstration of display screen, the touch-screen etc. in setting and carEquipment.
In the present embodiment, brake unit includes self-actuating brake circuit, according to the instruction braking of control moduleVehicle. More specifically, self-actuating brake circuit comprises laser FET (LSDMOSFET), passes throughThe rotation of the state variation drive motor of (LSDMOSFET) conducting of laser FET or cut-off is controlledBrake pedal processed. In the time that safe speed v is less than travel speed, control module control output high level is given certainlyMoving braking circuit, makes laser FET (LSDMOSFET) conducting, and drive motor rotation is controlledStep on brake pedal, control module stops comparison safe speed v and travel speed subsequently. Along with braking is by carStop, the actual vehicle speed detecting is 0 o'clock, and control module control output low level makes laser field effectShould manage (LSDMOSFET) and turn-off, motor stops the rotation brake pedal is unclamped.
The invention also discloses a kind of vehicle braking method, comprise the following steps:
S1: the distance d that measures front, pedestrian or barrier and this car;
S2: the travel speed (the unmatched rear sequence requirement of S1 and S2) of measuring vehicle;
S3: the above-mentioned control list that is converted into pulse signal and is sent to vehicle apart from d and travel speed informationUnit;
S4: rain sensor gathers current rainfall size, and send and comprise rainfall size to control moduleInformation, as current heavy rain, moderate rain, light rain or without rain, similarly, the above-mentioned information that comprises rainfall sizeSignal is also converted into pulse signal;
S5: after control module digital-to-analogue conversion, above-mentioned pulse signal is converted into specifying information, and according to rainGround friction coefficient μ corresponding to amount size determines current ground friction coefficient μ;
S6: control module is determined safe speed according to distance, coefficient of friction by theorem of kinetic energy;
S7: control module is the size of safe speed relatively, in the time that safe speed is less than travel speed, controlsUnit sends a braking instruction to the brake unit of vehicle and carries out brake operating.
In above-mentioned braking method, even if when heavy rain has just stopped, also can sentencing according to the liquid level of rain sensorBreak for surface friction coefficient less. Or be in the time that front side has multiple pedestrian, range cells will be selectedMinimum distance, immediate pedestrian is for standard is as the distance that is sent to control module.
In a preferred embodiment, rainfall size with the corresponding relation of coefficientoffrictionμ is:
When rainfall size is for when raining heavyly, described ground friction coefficient μ is 0.5;
In the time that rainfall size is moderate rain, described ground friction coefficient μ is 0.6;
In the time that rainfall size is light rain, described ground friction coefficient μ is 0.7;
When rainfall size is during without rain, described ground friction coefficient μ is 0.8.
As referred to above, the selection of coefficientoffrictionμ revocable, can be according to driving experience orThe actual coefficient of friction recording is adjusted.
In other preferred or optional embodiment, when the computationally secure speed of a motor vehicle, distance is driven for the distance recording deductsThe person's of sailing reaction distance, then deduct set margin value, actual safe distance when considering that special circumstances occurFrom situation about shortening. In this embodiment, margin value is 20%, and the front distance that is about to record is multiplied by 80%Distance s reference value during as calculating.
The vehicle that has the vehicle of above-mentioned brakes or adopt above-mentioned mode of braking to brake can be according to roadThe variation of condition, accurate Calculation safety shut-down distance and safe speed, avoid the generation of peril.
It should be noted in the discussion above that embodiments of the invention have preferably implementation, and not the present invention is appointedThe restriction of what form, any person skilled in art of being familiar with may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to becomeMore or be modified to the effective embodiment being equal to, do not depart from the content of technical solution of the present invention in every case, according to thisAny amendment or equivalent variations and modification that the technical spirit of invention is done above embodiment, all still belong toIn the scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. a motor vehicle braking system, comprising:
Range cells, for measuring the distance of front vehicles, pedestrian or barrier;
The unit that tests the speed, for the travel speed of measuring vehicle;
Control module, receives described distance and the travel speed information sent in described range cells and the unit that tests the speed,And output one braking instruction;
Brake unit, carries out brake operating according to described braking instruction to vehicle; It is characterized in that,
Also comprise:
Rain sensor, sends a signal that comprises rainfall size according to the rainfall gathering to described control module;Described control module is determined current ground according to ground friction coefficient μ corresponding to rainfall size in described signalCoefficientoffrictionμ, and determine safe speed according to described distance, coefficient of friction by theorem of kinetic energy;
The more described safe speed of described control module and described travel speed, described in described safe speed is less thanWhen travel speed, described control module sends described braking instruction to described brake unit.
2. motor vehicle braking system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described range cells comprises infrared sensor, detects the infrared ray of pedestrian's radiation.
3. motor vehicle braking system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that,
Described range cells also comprises Fresnel Lenses, focuses on the infrared ray of pedestrian's radiation to described infrared sensingDevice.
4. motor vehicle braking system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described motor vehicle braking system also comprises: signal processing unit, be located at described range cells and/or the unit that tests the speedAnd between control module, the signal that carries described distance and/or travel speed and rainfall is amplified and/or filteringAnd A/D conversion.
5. motor vehicle braking system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described motor vehicle braking system also comprises: display unit, shows described distance and/or travel speed.
6. motor vehicle braking system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described brake unit comprises: self-actuating brake circuit, and according to described braking instruction abrupt deceleration vehicle.
7. motor vehicle braking system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that,
Described self-actuating brake circuit comprises: laser FET and brake module, described laser FET basisDescribed braking instruction conducting or disconnection, control described brake module and whether brake.
8. a vehicle braking method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1: the distance of measuring front vehicles, pedestrian or barrier and vehicle;
S2: measure the travel speed when vehicle in front;
S3: the control module that described distance and travel speed is sent to vehicle;
S4: rain sensor gathers rainfall size, and sends the letter that comprises rainfall size to described control moduleNumber;
S5: described control module determines that according to ground friction coefficient μ corresponding to rainfall size current ground friction isNumber μ;
S6: described control module is determined safe speed according to described distance, coefficient of friction by theorem of kinetic energy;
S7: the size of the more described safe speed of described control module, when described safe speed travels described in being less thanWhen speed, described control module sends a braking instruction to the brake unit of vehicle and carries out brake operating.
9. vehicle braking method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that,
In described step S5, the rainfall size pass corresponding with ground friction coefficient μ is:
When rainfall size is for when raining heavyly, described ground friction coefficient μ is 0.5;
In the time that rainfall size is moderate rain, described ground friction coefficient μ is 0.6;
In the time that rainfall size is light rain, described ground friction coefficient μ is 0.7;
When rainfall size is during without rain, described ground friction coefficient μ is 0.8.
10. vehicle braking method as claimed in claim 8 or 9, is characterized in that,
In described step S6, while calculating described safe speed, described distance is that the distance recording deducts driverReaction distance, then deduct a margin value.
11. vehicle braking methods as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that,
Described margin value is 20% of the distance that records.
12. 1 kinds have the vehicle of motor vehicle braking system as claimed in claim 1.
CN201410555166.XA 2014-10-20 2014-10-20 A kind of motor vehicle braking system, braking method and the vehicle with the braking system Active CN105584469B (en)

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CN106114478A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-11-16 北京车和家信息技术有限责任公司 brake control method, device and vehicle
CN106218612A (en) * 2016-07-27 2016-12-14 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 A kind of method of vehicle safety travel, device and terminal
CN108956156A (en) * 2018-06-01 2018-12-07 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 The performance test methods and its device of the seized system of vehicle
CN110549999A (en) * 2018-05-30 2019-12-10 上海海拉电子有限公司 Accelerator pedal system for vehicle
CN110979278A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-10 浙江合众新能源汽车有限公司 Automatic emergency braking control method based on rainfall

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CN110979278A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-10 浙江合众新能源汽车有限公司 Automatic emergency braking control method based on rainfall

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