CN105577560A - Data packet as well as data transmission system and method - Google Patents
Data packet as well as data transmission system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105577560A CN105577560A CN201610081151.3A CN201610081151A CN105577560A CN 105577560 A CN105577560 A CN 105577560A CN 201610081151 A CN201610081151 A CN 201610081151A CN 105577560 A CN105577560 A CN 105577560A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/18—End to end
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/38—Flow based routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/25—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric
- H04L49/253—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric using establishment or release of connections between ports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
- H04L61/09—Mapping addresses
- H04L61/25—Mapping addresses of the same type
- H04L61/2503—Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
- H04L61/256—NAT traversal
- H04L61/2575—NAT traversal using address mapping retrieval, e.g. simple traversal of user datagram protocol through session traversal utilities for NAT [STUN]
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a data packet as well as a data transmission system and method. The data transmission system comprises a first data end and a second data end which perform network address translation (NAT) traversal based on user datagram protocol (UDP). The first data end partitions application data needed to be transmitted into multiple data units and utilizes each data unit as a load to form a first data packet; the first data end transmits the first data packet to a second data end; the second data end receives the first data packet and processes the first data packet according to a sequence number and a confirmation number of the first data packet. According to the data packet as well as the data transmission system and method, which are provided by the invention, end to end reliable transmission is achieved, and a middle routing node automatically selects an optimal router for communication traffic, thereby achieving optimization of whole network efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Internet communication technology field, especially a kind of packet, data transmission system and method.
Background technology
Along with popularizing of Internet, increasing equipment is access in the Internet, starts to have remote access capability.Therefore IP address becomes a kind of scarce resource.For solving IP address exhaustion problem, NAT (NetworkAddressTranslation, network address translation) is widely used.Although NAT solves IP address effective way in short supply, also serve trouble to carrying out communication band by network, time especially after the both sides communicated are positioned at NAT.
The method realizing end-to-end transmitting at present relies on TCP (TransmissionControlProtocol transmission control protocol).But TCP when needing passing through NAT after the both sides communicated are positioned at NAT, the difficulty of passing through is very large, and success rate is low.For this reason, be positioned at NAT after communicating pair usually will by server forward mode communicate.Use server forwards, although can reach the object of communication, can produce higher requirement to server, the especially application of high bandwidth, more may produce process bottleneck on the server.Forwarded by server and also can increase communication delay end to end.In addition, from network on the whole, compare direct communication end to end through server forwarding and also must consume more Internet resources.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of packet, data transmission system and method, to realize transmitting end to end, middle routing node chooses best route for the flow of communication automatically, thus realizes the optimization of the whole network efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of packet, comprise packet header and load, described packet header comprises type, serial number and confirmation number, and wherein, described type comprises data type, confirms type and Negative Acknowledgement type;
When the type in described packet header is data type, described load is application data, and described serial number is the ordinal position of this packet in the data of transmission, and described confirmation number is the serial number expecting the next packet received;
When the type in described packet header is for confirming type, described confirmation number is the serial number expecting the next packet received, and described serial number and load are empty;
When the type in described packet header is Negative Acknowledgement type, described serial number is expect to receive and the serial number of unreceived packet, and described confirmation number is empty with load.
Preferably, in above-mentioned packet, described packet header also comprises mark, to mark the structure of described packet.
Present invention also offers a kind of data transmission system, comprise the first data terminal and the second data terminal; Described first data terminal and the second data terminal all carry out NAT based on UDP and pass through; The data of described first data terminal and the transmission of the second data terminal are all transmitted with above-mentioned packet.
Preferably, in above-mentioned data transmission system, described first data terminal arranges one first send window, and its capacity determines that described first data terminal does not receive the maximum of the quantity of the packet of confirmation; Described second data terminal arranges one first receive window, makes described second data terminal receive multiple packet when not receiving the packet expecting to receive.
Preferably, in above-mentioned data transmission system, described second data terminal arranges one second send window, and its capacity thinks that described second data terminal does not receive the maximum of the quantity of the packet of confirmation; Described first data terminal arranges one second receive window, makes described first data terminal receive multiple packet when not receiving the packet expecting to receive.
The present invention more provides a kind of data transmission method, comprises the following steps:
First data terminal by need send application data be divided into multiple data cell, and using each data cell as load with each self-forming one first packet;
Described first data terminal is by described first Packet Generation extremely described second data terminal;
Described second data terminal receives described first packet, and processes it according to the serial number in described first packet and confirmation number.
Preferably, in above-mentioned data transmission method, described second data terminal comprises the step that received described first packet processes:
When the serial number of described first packet falls into described first receive window, buffer memory is carried out to described first packet;
When the serial number of described first packet is serial number minimum in described first receive window, described second data terminal sends the second packet confirming type to the first data terminal, the load in described first packet is sent to application program simultaneously; Otherwise, the 3rd packet of Negative Acknowledgement type is sent to described first data terminal;
When described second data terminal needs to send data to described first data terminal, send packet according to the confirmation in described first packet number, otherwise, do not send packet.
Preferably, in above-mentioned data transmission method, when described first data terminal receives described second packet, according to number described first send window of slip of the confirmation in described second packet.
Preferably, in above-mentioned data transmission method, when described first data terminal receives described 3rd packet, retransmit the packet that serial number in described 3rd packet is corresponding immediately.
Preferably, in above-mentioned data transmission method, described second data terminal also comprises the step that received described first packet processes: when the serial number of described first packet falls into outside described first receive window, abandon described first packet.
Preferably, in above-mentioned data transmission method, described first data terminal arranges an overtime timer while transmission first packet, when described first data terminal does not receive confirmation yet in the time exceeding the setting of described overtime timer, then retransmits described first packet.
In packet provided by the invention, data transmission system and method, first data terminal and the second data terminal all carry out NAT based on UDP and pass through, described first data terminal is before transmission application data, first described application data is divided into multiple data cell, and according to each data cell as load to form the first packet, and then these first packets are sent to the second data terminal one by one, described second data terminal, after receiving described first packet, processes it according to the serial number in described first packet and confirmation number.Thus achieve transmitting end to end, and the routing node of centre is automatically for the flow of communication chooses best route, and then realize the optimization of the whole network efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of packet in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of data transmission system in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of data transmission method in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of step S4 in Fig. 3.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with schematic diagram, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in more detail.According to following description and claims, advantages and features of the invention will be clearer.It should be noted that, accompanying drawing all adopts the form that simplifies very much and all uses non-ratio accurately, only in order to object that is convenient, the aid illustration embodiment of the present invention lucidly.
Embodiments provide a kind of packet, as shown in Figure 1, packet comprises packet header and load, and described packet header comprises type, serial number, confirmation number and mark, and described type comprises data type, confirms type and Negative Acknowledgement type.Concrete, when described type is data type, described load is application data, and described serial number is the ordinal position of this packet in the data of transmission, and described confirmation number is the serial number expecting the next packet received; When described type is for confirming type, described confirmation number is the serial number expecting the next packet received, and described serial number and load are empty; When described type is Negative Acknowledgement type, described serial number is expect to receive and the serial number of unreceived packet, and described confirmation number is empty with load.Described mark is for marking the structure of described packet.The effect of described mark is identical with the effect of the mark of packet in ICP/IP protocol of the prior art.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of data transmission system, as shown in Figure 2, comprise the first data terminal 101 and the second data terminal 102, described first data terminal 101 and the second data terminal 102 are all based on UDP (UserDatagramProtocol, User Datagram Protoco (UDP)) carry out NAT and pass through, and set up end-to-end connection, to carry out transfer of data according to the address after passing through and port numbers.
The data of described first data terminal 101 and the transmission of the second data terminal 102 are all transmitted with above-mentioned packet.That is, between described first data terminal 101 and the second data terminal 102, the data of transmission are all transmitted with the form of packet, and this packet comprises packet header and load, described packet header comprises type, serial number, confirmation number and mark, and described type comprises data type, confirms type and Negative Acknowledgement type.
Described first data terminal 101 arranges one first send window, make described first data terminal 101 send multiple packet when not receiving confirmation, the capacity of described first send window determines that described first data terminal does not receive the maximum of the quantity of the packet of confirmation.Meanwhile, described second data terminal 102 arranges one first receive window, makes described second data terminal 102 receive multiple packet when not receiving the packet expecting to receive.Because transfer of data is two-way, that is described first data terminal 101 is while sending data to the second data terminal 102, also the data that described second data terminal 102 sends can be received, therefore, described second data terminal 102 arranges one second send window, make described second data terminal 102 send multiple packet when not receiving confirmation, its capacity determines that described second data terminal does not receive the maximum of the quantity of the packet of confirmation.Meanwhile, described first data terminal 101 arranges one second receive window, makes described first data terminal 101 receive multiple packet when not receiving the packet expecting to receive.The size of described first send window, the first receive window, the second send window and the second receive window is separate.The size of these four windows is relevant to the memory capacity of described first data terminal 101 and the second data terminal 102, also relevant to the network configuration between described first data terminal 101 and the second data terminal 102, a balance point is being found between the memory capacity consumption of described first data terminal 101 and the second data terminal 102 and network transfer speeds, to reach maximizing efficiency, thus realize data transmission bauds maximization.
Concrete data transmission method as shown in Figure 3, comprises the following steps:
Step S1: initialization is carried out to described first data terminal and the second data terminal.
Concrete, initialization is carried out to described first send window, the first receive window, the second send window and the second receive window, and the serial number of the serial number of packet sent by described first data terminal and the packet of expectation reception is initialized to the initial condition determined.Such as, the serial number of the packet that the serial number of the packet sent by described first data terminal respectively and expectation receive is initialized to 0.In like manner, the serial number of the packet that the serial number of the packet also sent by described second data terminal and expectation receive is initialized to the initial condition determined.
Step S2: the first data terminal by need send application data be divided into multiple data cell, and using each data cell as load to form one first packet.
Concrete, the application data that described first data terminal will send is split according to certain size, the described application data that will send is divided into multiple data cell, the size of each described data cell is less than or equal to 1.5KB, with the impact preventing data from producing by amplifying message dropping during IP protocol transmission because of IP segmentation.
Then described first packet is formed according to each data cell, described first packet is data type data bag, described serial number in described first packet is the ordinal position of described first packet in the data of transmission, described confirmation number is the serial number expecting to receive the next packet that described second data terminal is sent, and described load is one in described multiple data cell.In the present embodiment, when carrying out first time transfer of data after initialization, the confirmation number in described first packet is 0.
Step S3: described first data terminal is by described first Packet Generation to the second data terminal.
Described first data terminal, by while described first Packet Generation to described second data terminal, by described first data pack buffer to described first send window, and arranges an overtime timer.When exceeding the first data terminal described in the time set by described overtime timer and not receiving the confirmation packet of described first packet yet, upgrade the confirmation number in described first packet, retransmit described first packet, and reset described overtime timer.
Time set by described overtime timer is relevant to the network delay between described first data terminal and the second data terminal, when described network delay is large, time set by described overtime timer is just long, and when described network delay hour, the time set by described overtime timer is just little.
When being filled with the packet of buffer memory in described first send window, and when described first data terminal does not receive the packet of confirmation type of the packet of these buffer memorys, described first data terminal will no longer send new packet.
Step S4: described second data terminal receives described first packet, and according to the serial number in described first packet and confirmation number, it is processed.
Specifically as shown in Figure 4, comprise the following steps:
Step S41: when the serial number of described first packet falls into described first receive window, buffer memory is carried out to described first packet.Then step S42 is carried out.
Step S42: when the serial number of described first packet is serial number minimum in described first receive window, described second data terminal sends to the first data terminal the second packet that confirms type, the load in described first packet is sent to application program simultaneously; Otherwise, the 3rd packet of a Negative Acknowledgement type is sent to described first data terminal.
That is, the serial number that described second data terminal expects the packet received due to what record in described first receive window, when the serial number of described first packet is serial number minimum in described first receive window time, illustrate that described first packet is the current packet expecting to receive most of described second data terminal, therefore, directly the load in described first packet is sent to application program, deletes the buffer memory of described second data terminal to described first packet simultaneously.Send described second packet to described first data terminal, described second packet is a confirmation type data packets simultaneously, and the confirmation number in described second packet is the serial number that described second data terminal expects the next packet received.After described first data terminal receives described second packet, according to number described first send window of slip of the confirmation in described second packet, to send follow-up data bag.
When described second data terminal is when receiving these packets according to the sending order of described first data terminal transmission packet, confirmation number in described second packet is (serial number+1 in described first packet), and namely described second data terminal expects the next packet receiving described first packet.When the order that described second data terminal receives these packets is different from the sending order of described first data terminal, the confirmation number of described second packet will not upgrade.
When the serial number of described first packet is not serial number minimum in described first receive window, then described second data terminal send described first packet sequence number to described first data terminal before the 3rd packet of Negative Acknowledgement type of all still unreceived first packets.After described first data terminal receives described 3rd packet, retransmit the packet that serial number in described 3rd packet is corresponding immediately.
Concrete, such as, the capacity of described first send window is 10, that is described first data terminal can send 10 described first packets simultaneously, the serial number of these 10 the first packets is respectively 1-10, the packet that described second data terminal receives be numbered 1, 3 and 4, now described second data terminal sends to described first data terminal the confirmation packet being numbered first packet of 1, now, confirm that the confirmation number in packet is 2, described first send window of slip of described first data, what make the first packet comprised in described first send window is numbered 2-11.Simultaneously described second data terminal is by the first Packet Generation of numbering 1 to application program, and deletes the buffer memory to the first packet of numbering 1.Be first packet of 3 and 4 to label, described second data terminal sends Negative Acknowledgement packet (the 3rd packet) respectively to described first data terminal, and the serial number in two Negative Acknowledgement packets is 2.After described first data terminal receives these two Negative Acknowledgement packets, retransmit the first packet that label is 2 all immediately.When described second data terminal receives after this is numbered first packet of 2, send to described first data terminal and confirm packet (the second packet), the confirmation number in this confirmation packet is 5.What described first data terminal slided described first send window the first packet of making it comprise is numbered 5-14.Meanwhile, described second data terminal will be numbered first Packet Generation of 2-4 to application program, and deletes the buffer memory to the first packet being numbered 2-4.When needing when still there being data to send, described first data terminal directly sends packet 12,13 and 14; When needing when not having data to send, described first data terminal no longer sends new data.Certainly, described second data terminal is after receiving the first packet being numbered 2, can send confirmation packet (the second packet) to the first packet being numbered 2-4 respectively to described first data terminal, described first data terminal all needs for each confirmation packet described first send window that slides.
When described first data terminal does not receive described second packet in the time exceeding the setting of described overtime timer, then resend described first packet to described second data terminal.
Step S43: when described second data terminal needs to send data to described first data terminal, send packet according to the confirmation in described first packet number, otherwise, do not send packet.
When needing to carry out bidirectional data communication between described first data terminal and the second data terminal, described second data terminal sends packet according to the confirmation in described first packet number, and this packet is the packet that described first data terminal is expected to receive.Without the need to bidirectional data communication between described first data terminal and the second data terminal, that is, when described second data terminal does not have data to transmit to described first data terminal, then do not send packet, in this case, described first data terminal is 0 to the confirmation number in the packet of the data types of described second data terminal transmission always.
Step S44: when the serial number of described first packet falls into outside described first receive window, abandon described first packet.
And when the serial number of described first packet falls into outside described first receive window, described second data terminal, directly by described first data packet discarding, does not carry out buffer memory.
In the present embodiment, described first data terminal and the second data terminal all carry out NAT based on UDP and pass through, and in other embodiments of the invention, described first data terminal and the second data terminal also can not carry out NAT and pass through.That is, the data transmission method in the present invention is also applicable to non-NAT environment.
To sum up, in packet, data transmission system and method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, first data terminal and the second data terminal all carry out NAT based on UDP and pass through, described first data terminal is before transmission application data, first described application data is divided into multiple data cell, and according to each data cell as load to form the first packet, and then these first packets are sent to the second data terminal one by one, described second data terminal, after receiving described first packet, processes it according to the serial number in described first packet and confirmation number.Thus achieve transmitting end to end, and the routing node of centre is automatically for the flow of communication chooses best route, and then realize the optimization of the whole network efficiency.
Above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, any restriction is not played to the present invention.Any person of ordinary skill in the field; in the scope not departing from technical scheme of the present invention; the technical scheme disclose the present invention and technology contents make the variations such as any type of equivalent replacement or amendment; all belong to the content not departing from technical scheme of the present invention, still belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a packet, is characterized in that, comprises packet header and load, and described packet header comprises type, serial number and confirmation number, and wherein, described type comprises data type, confirms type and Negative Acknowledgement type;
When the type in described packet header is data type, described load is application data, and described serial number is the ordinal position of this packet in the data of transmission, and described confirmation number is the serial number expecting the next packet received;
When the type in described packet header is for confirming type, described confirmation number is the serial number expecting the next packet received, and described serial number and load are empty;
When the type in described packet header is Negative Acknowledgement type, described serial number is expect to receive and the serial number of unreceived packet, and described confirmation number is empty with load.
2. packet as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described packet header also comprises mark, to mark the structure of described packet.
3. a data transmission system, is characterized in that, comprises the first data terminal and the second data terminal; Described first data terminal and the second data terminal all carry out NAT based on UDP and pass through; The data of described first data terminal and the transmission of the second data terminal are all transmitted with the packet in claim 1-2 described in any one.
4. data transmission system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described first data terminal arranges one first send window, and its capacity determines that described first data terminal does not receive the maximum of the quantity of the packet of confirmation; Described second data terminal arranges one first receive window, makes described second data terminal receive multiple packet when not receiving the packet expecting to receive.
5. data transmission system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described second data terminal arranges one second send window, and its capacity determines that described second data terminal does not receive the maximum of the quantity of the packet of confirmation; Described first data terminal arranges one second receive window, makes described first data terminal receive multiple packet when not receiving the packet expecting to receive.
6., as the data transmission system in claim 3-5 as described in any one carries out a method for transfer of data, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
First data terminal by need send application data be divided into multiple data cell, and using each data cell as load with each self-forming one first packet;
Described first data terminal is by described first Packet Generation extremely described second data terminal;
Described second data terminal receives described first packet, and processes it according to the serial number in described first packet and confirmation number.
7. data transmission method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described second data terminal comprises the step that received described first packet processes:
When the serial number of described first packet falls into described first receive window, buffer memory is carried out to described first packet;
When the serial number of described first packet is serial number minimum in described first receive window, described second data terminal sends the second packet confirming type to the first data terminal, the load in described first packet is sent to application program simultaneously; Otherwise, the 3rd packet of Negative Acknowledgement type is sent to described first data terminal;
When described second data terminal needs to send data to described first data terminal, send packet according to the confirmation in described first packet number, otherwise, do not send packet.
8. data transmission method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, when described first data terminal receives described second packet, according to number described first send window of slip of the confirmation in described second packet.
9. data transmission method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, when described first data terminal receives described 3rd packet, retransmits the packet that serial number in described 3rd packet is corresponding immediately.
10. data transmission method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described second data terminal also comprises the step that received described first packet processes: when the serial number of described first packet falls into outside described first receive window, abandon described first packet.
11. data transmission methods as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described first data terminal arranges an overtime timer while transmission first packet, when described first data terminal does not receive confirmation yet in the time exceeding the setting of described overtime timer, then retransmit described first packet.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106685854A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-17 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Data transmission method and system |
| US11012366B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2021-05-18 | Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co., Ltd. | Methods and systems for data transmission |
| CN115022281A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-06 | 杭州楷知科技有限公司 | NAT (network Address translation) penetration method, client and system |
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| CN101854738A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-10-06 | 南京邮电大学 | Transmission control protocol method for satellite network |
| CN103647625A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-19 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | Link-based data reliable transmission method |
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| CN101854738A (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2010-10-06 | 南京邮电大学 | Transmission control protocol method for satellite network |
| CN103647625A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-19 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | Link-based data reliable transmission method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106685854A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-17 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Data transmission method and system |
| CN106685854B (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2020-02-14 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | Data sending method and system |
| US11012366B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2021-05-18 | Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co., Ltd. | Methods and systems for data transmission |
| US11570120B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2023-01-31 | Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co., Ltd. | Methods and systems for data transmission |
| CN115022281A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-06 | 杭州楷知科技有限公司 | NAT (network Address translation) penetration method, client and system |
| CN115022281B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-07-14 | 杭州楷知科技有限公司 | NAT penetration method, client and system |
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