CN105577248B - A kind of data demodulation method and system of MIMO-OFDM receivers - Google Patents

A kind of data demodulation method and system of MIMO-OFDM receivers Download PDF

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CN105577248B
CN105577248B CN201511004972.9A CN201511004972A CN105577248B CN 105577248 B CN105577248 B CN 105577248B CN 201511004972 A CN201511004972 A CN 201511004972A CN 105577248 B CN105577248 B CN 105577248B
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module
multiplier
adder
output end
channel estimation
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CN105577248A (en
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徐永键
陆许明
谭洪舟
陈先英
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SYSU HUADU INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE
SYSU CMU Shunde International Joint Research Institute
National Sun Yat Sen University
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SYSU HUADU INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE
SYSU CMU Shunde International Joint Research Institute
National Sun Yat Sen University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/29—Performance testing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0891—Space-time diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2649—Demodulators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of data demodulation method and system of MIMO OFDM receivers.The mathematic(al) representation that the mathematic(al) representation that channel estimation is related to is related to Data Detection is carried out abbreviation by method provided by the invention, simplify the calculating of channel estimation, it is allowed to no division calculation, the division occurred in Data Detection, it is handled by abbreviation appropriate, denominator is transmitted to de-mapping process and carries out dynamic demapping, simplifies the calculating of Data Detection.System provided by the invention is by channel estimation module, data detection module and De-mapping module co-design simultaneously, by channel estimation and data detection module operation formula abbreviation, it can only be realized using adder and a small amount of multiplier, and there is no division arithmetic, save hardware resource, the complexity that system is realized is set to reduce, arithmetic speed is faster.

Description

A kind of data demodulation method and system of MIMO-OFDM receivers
Technical field
The present invention relates to MIMO-OFDM wireless communication baseband receivers fields, more particularly, to a kind of MIMO-OFDM The data demodulation method and system of receiver.
Background technology
Since MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) is improving power system capacity and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) is based on to the advantage in terms of anti-multipath fading The MIMO-OFDM systems that the two combines have caused extensive concern.Channel estimation method and Data Detection Algorithm are MIMO- The key technology of ofdm system.Wherein coherent demodulation and space-time detection of the channel estimation method to MIMO-OFDM system receiving terminals It plays a crucial role, the accuracy of channel estimation is by the overall performance for the system that influences.At present to channel estimation method Research has very strong theoretical and practical value, is proposed although having various types of channel estimation methods, algorithm it is accurate Property need to further increase, while in order to which algorithm can be successfully applied in real system, also require the calculating of algorithm complicated Degree cannot be excessively high, needs to further decrease the calculating complexity of algorithm while ensureing accuracy.Data Detection Algorithm performance Quality and complexity height directly affect the quality of entire communication system, and the good Data Detection Algorithm of performance is usually associated with height Complexity is difficult to realize within hardware, therefore studies functional and moderate complexity Data Detection Algorithm with important meaning Justice.
When MIMO-OFDM system receiver hardware designs are realized, the signal that receives enters synchronization module and is handled, and locates Result after reason is input to channel estimation module, and channel estimation module handles the data of input to obtain the parameter of channel, These channel parameters are input to data detection module, and Data Detection carries out the data that receiver receives using channel parameter extensive It is multiple, it is then input to De-mapping module and is demodulated, it can be found that three channel estimation module, Data Detection and demapping modules Between be independent realization, each module is to obtain the input results of next module, can compute repeatedly some interim findings, can also make With divider, to make system realize, hour operation quantity increases, and the speed of service slows down, the wasting of resources.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of data demodulation method of MIMO-OFDM receivers, the mathematical table that channel estimation is related to The mathematic(al) representation being related to up to formula and Data Detection carries out abbreviation, simplifies the calculating of channel estimation, is allowed to no division calculation, The division occurred in Data Detection is handled by abbreviation appropriate, and denominator, which is transmitted to de-mapping process, carries out dynamic demapping, letter Change the calculating of Data Detection.
To realize the above goal of the invention, the technical solution adopted is that：
A kind of data demodulation method of MIMO-OFDM receivers, includes the following steps：
S1. at t1, t2 moment, respectively as shown in (1), (2), wherein y indicates to receive the frequency domain data that receiver receives Frequency domain data, the subscript 1,2 of y indicates that first reception antenna and second reception antenna, HTLFT indicate mixed format respectively Long training sequence, z indicate that white Gaussian noise, the subscript k of formula indicate frequency domain value of the formula on k-th of subcarrier.
At the t2 moment, the frequency domain data that receiver receives is：
S2. (1), (2) are based on, it is as follows to obtain channel estimation：
S3. channel parameter h can be obtained according to channel estimation11、h12、h21、h22, and enable
S4. according to the channel parameter h sought11、h12、h21、h22Calculate compensation factor EA and adjusting thresholds factor EB, tool Body process is as follows：
EA=2HTLTFk·(h11·h22-h12·h21)*；
EB=| | h11h22-h12h21 | |2；
S5. y is set1It is the data that first reception antenna receives, y2It is the data that second reception antenna receives, then The data x of first transmitting antenna transmitting1, second piece transmitting antenna transmitting data x2It can be sought by following formula：
x1=EA (h22·y1-h12·y2)
x2=EA (h11·y2-h21·y1)；
S6. according to the adjusting thresholds factor EB sought, the planisphere decision threshold of demapping is adjusted, then basis x1、x2, the planisphere decision threshold after adjustment demodulated.
Meanwhile the present invention also provides it is a kind of should said program system, concrete scheme is as follows：
Including channel estimation module, data detection module, energy module and De-mapping module；
Wherein channel estimation module is for seeking channel parameter h11、h12、h21、h22；
Energy module is for seeking compensation factor EA and adjusting thresholds factor EB；
Data detection module is used to seek the data x of first transmitting antenna transmitting1, second piece transmitting antenna transmitting number According to x2；
De-mapping module is used for according to x1、x2, the planisphere decision threshold after adjustment demodulated.
Preferably, the channel estimation module includes the first channel estimation module and second channel estimation module, wherein institute State the first channel estimation module, second channel estimation module include counter, RAM buffer, first adder, second plus Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass, wherein the input terminal of the counter be demodulation data input pin, output end respectively with the input terminal of RAM buffer, The first input end of first adder, the first input end of second adder, data detection module connection；RAM buffer it is defeated Outlet is connect with the second input terminal of the second input terminal of first adder, second adder respectively；
First channel estimation module, the first adder of second channel estimation module, second adder output end with Energy module, data detection module connection.
Preferably, the energy module includes the first multiplier, the second multiplier, adder, takes conjugate module, modulus mould Block, shift unit and third multiplier；
Two input terminals of wherein the first multiplier respectively with the first adder of the first channel estimation module, the second addition The output end of device connects；
Two input terminals of the second multiplier respectively with the first adder of second channel estimation module, second adder Output end connects；
First multiplier, the second multiplier output end connect respectively with two input terminals of adder；
The output end of adder is connect with the input terminal of conjugate module, modulo block is taken；
The output end of modulo block is connect with De-mapping module；
The output end of conjugate module is taken to be connect with data detection module by shift unit, third multiplier；
The input terminal of third multiplier is connect with the ends HTLTF.
Preferably, the data detection module includes the first multiplier, the second multiplier, third multiplier, the 4th multiplication Device, the 5th multiplier, the 6th multiplier, first adder and second adder；
Two input terminals of wherein the first multiplier respectively with the output end of the RAM buffer of the first channel estimation module, The output end of the second adder of second channel estimation module connects；
Two input terminals of the second multiplier respectively with the output end of RAM buffer, second channel estimation module first The output end of adder connects；
The output end of first multiplier is connect by first adder, third multiplier with De-mapping module, third multiplication Another input terminal of device is connect with the output end of energy module third multiplier；
The output end of second multiplier and the input terminal of second adder connect；
Two input terminals of the 4th multiplier respectively with the output end of the first adder of the first channel estimation block, second The output end of the RAM buffer of channel estimation block connects；
Two input terminals of the 5th multiplier respectively with the output end of the second adder of the first channel estimation block, second The output end of the RAM buffer of channel estimation block connects；
The output end of 4th multiplier and the input terminal of first adder connect；
The output end of 5th multiplier is connect by second adder, the 6th multiplier with De-mapping module, the 6th multiplication Another input terminal of device is connect with the output end of energy module third multiplier.
Preferably, the De-mapping module includes threshold adjustment module, data cache module and De-mapping module；
The wherein output end connection of the modulo block of the input terminal and energy module of threshold adjustment module, threshold adjustment module Output end connect with De-mapping module by data cache module；
The output with the third multiplier, the 6th multiplier of data detection module respectively of two input terminals of De-mapping module End connection.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The mathematic(al) representation that the mathematic(al) representation that channel estimation is related to is related to by method provided by the invention with Data Detection Abbreviation is carried out, simplifies the calculating of channel estimation, is allowed to no division calculation, the division occurred in Data Detection, by appropriate Abbreviation processing, denominator be transmitted to de-mapping process carry out dynamic demapping, simplify Data Detection calculating.The present invention carries simultaneously The system of confession is by channel estimation module, data detection module and De-mapping module co-design, by channel estimation and Data Detection Module arithmetic formula abbreviation, only using adder and a small amount of multiplier it is achieved that and not having division arithmetic, saving hardware Resource makes the complexity that system is realized reduce, and arithmetic speed is faster.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be channel estimation module, data detection module, energy module and De-mapping module annexation figure.Fig. 2 is The structural schematic diagram of channel estimation module.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of energy module.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of data detection module.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of De-mapping module.
Fig. 6 is dynamic adjustment planisphere decision threshold schematic diagram.
Specific implementation mode
The attached figures are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitating the patent；
Below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
The present invention is further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this civilization use the channel estimation of Block-type pilot with Data Detection, pilot frequency format refer to 802.11n, and wireless channel is flat fading channel.
MIMO-OFDM channel estimations.It is for readjusting AGC after the domains HT-SIG in mixed format lead code HT-STF.Symbol is constituted later indicates mixed format long training sequence for MIMO-OFDM channel estimations HT-LTF, HTLFT. Consider the case where there are two stream, two transmission antennas and two reception antennas.Receiver is by removing the cyclic prefix of HT-LTF The long training symbol of 3.2 microseconds is handled, and the training subcarrier to obtaining carries out a FFT.If channel parameter is respectively h11, h12, h21, h22, for being expressed as temporal first symbol of t1, formula (1) gives each of receiver training subcarrier k Frequency domain representation.Note that z is AWGN (white Gaussian noise).
Then, second symbol of t2 is gone up for the time,
Once having handled the two symbols and therefrom having obtained subcarrier, the subcarrier obtained in symbol 1 is just obtained with symbol 2 To subcarrier be combined, it is as follows to obtain channel estimation：
The channel parameter h obtained according to channel estimation11、h12、h21、h22It can utilize and receive data recovery transmission end data. If y1It is the data that first reception antenna receives, y2It is the data that second reception antenna receives, antenna x1Refer to first Transmission data on root transmitting antenna, x2It refer to the transmission data on second antenna.It can then obtain：
It can be obtained by above-mentioned, the result of channel estimation and Data Detection needs to use division, in hardware realization, due to Divider needs to occupy larger hardware resource, and the operational efficiency of system is made to decline.Therefore to channel estimation parameter and Data Detection As a result final formula can be obtained in further abbreviation：
EB is transmitted to subsequent De-mapping module, is adjusted into Mobile state planisphere；Channel estimation and data are obtained by above-mentioned No division is detected, to reduce the use of channel estimation module and data detection module hardware resource.
Contact figures of the Fig. 1 between channel estimation module, energy module, data detection module and data De-mapping module, The input data of channel estimation module 11 is the data after receiver synchronizes, after channel estimation module is handled, data It is separately input to be handled in energy module 12 and data detection module 13；Energy module 12 obtains input data and is located After reason, it is output in data detection module 13 and De-mapping module 14；The reception channel estimation module 11 of data detection module 13 With the data of energy module 12, it is output in De-mapping module 14 after carrying out phase and amplitude compensation to data；De-mapping module 14 receive the data of energy module 12 and data detection module 13, are demodulated and are output at subsequent module to data Reason.
The hardware realization block diagram of channel estimation module is reception antenna respectively as shown in Fig. 2, there are two input terminals in module 1 with reception antenna 2 by synchronous equal treated data input stream.According to 802.11n standard agreements it is found that transmission data Long training sequence is contained in front, and channel estimation module is exactly to carry out estimating for channel parameter using received long training sequence Meter；Contain counter in module, as count=1, data be first long training sequence after channel as a result, by this When data be input to RAM caching；As count=2, data are for second long training sequence by channel as a result, utilizing The result of two long training sequences can obtain two channel parameters by operation, and obtained channel parameter is output to energy In module and data detection module.When count is more than 2, then the data received are actually active data, at this time export data Into data detection module.
Energy module hardware realization block diagram is as shown in Figure 3.Module input is four channel parameters, for calculating EA's and EB As a result, being output to data detection module after obtaining EA, the data of two transmitting antennas are compensated in data detection module all to be needed It is multiplied by EA, by calculating EA's as a result, can be multiplexed to EA, to save memory space in energy module.It obtains EB is output in De-mapping module, is realized in the hardware design of the present invention, by adjusting the threshold decision of demapping, can be kept away Exempt to use divider when channel estimation and Data Detection hardware realization, to keep the hardware realization of system simple.
Fig. 4 is that data detection module realizes block diagram.After obtaining channel parameter, actually active data and EA, Data Detection Module can carry out phase and amplitude compensation to actually active data.In actual hardware realization, it is mainly used for multiplier and adds Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass can be obtained required result.
Data De-mapping module hardware realization block diagram is as shown in Figure 5.The input of module comes from data detection module and energy Module includes adjusting thresholds 51, data buffer storage 52,53 three parts of demapping composition in module.The input of EB changes original Threshold value, for the input of synchronization signal detection module, the threshold value after adjustment, which is input in RAM, to be cached, and then detection module inputs Data demodulated according to the threshold value after change, and be output to receiver subsequent module and handled.
Fig. 6 is dynamic adjustment planisphere decision threshold schematic diagram.Planisphere decision threshold is adjusted by dynamic, can make to connect Receipts machine avoids the use of divider when realizing channel estimation module and data detection module, saves the hardware resource of system.
In conclusion the present invention is by the channel estimation module of joint receiver, data detection module and De-mapping module, Hardware realization can be made to be easy to avoid division structure, the calculating formula of further abbreviation and module, save hardware resource, improve Running efficiency of system.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention made by within the spirit and principle of invention Protection domain within.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of data demodulation method of MIMO-OFDM receivers, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
S1. at t1, t2 moment, for the frequency domain data that receiver receives respectively as shown in (1), (2), wherein y indicates the frequency received The subscript 1,2 of numeric field data, y indicates that first reception antenna and second reception antenna, HTLFT indicate mixed format length instruction respectively Practice sequence, z indicates that white Gaussian noise, the subscript k of formula indicate frequency domain value of the formula on k-th of subcarrier；
At the t2 moment, the frequency domain data that receiver receives is：
S2. (1), (2) are based on, it is as follows to obtain channel estimation：
S3. channel parameter h can be obtained according to channel estimation11、h12、h21、h22, and enable
S4. according to the channel parameter h sought11、h12、h21、h22Calculate compensation factor EA and adjusting thresholds factor EB, specific mistake Journey is as follows：
EA=2HTLTFk·(h11·h22-h12·h21)*；
EB=| | h11·h22-h12·h21||2；
S5. y is set1It is the data that first reception antenna receives, y2The data that second reception antenna receives, then first The data x of root transmitting antenna transmitting1, second piece transmitting antenna transmitting data x2It can be sought by following formula：
S6. according to the adjusting thresholds factor EB sought, the planisphere decision threshold of demapping is adjusted, then according to x1、 x2, the planisphere decision threshold after adjustment demodulated.
2. a kind of system using the data demodulation method of MIMO-OFDM receivers described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Packet Include channel estimation module, data detection module, energy module and De-mapping module；
Wherein channel estimation module is for seeking channel parameter h11、h12、h21、h22；
Energy module is for seeking compensation factor EA and adjusting thresholds factor EB；
Data detection module is used to seek the data x of first transmitting antenna transmitting1, second piece transmitting antenna transmitting data x2；
De-mapping module is used for according to x1、x2, the planisphere decision threshold after adjustment demodulated.
3. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The channel estimation module includes the first channel estimation module With second channel estimation module, wherein first channel estimation module, second channel estimation module include counter, RAM buffer, first adder, second adder, wherein the input terminal of the counter is demodulation data input pin, output End respectively with the input terminal of RAM buffer, the first input end of first adder, the first input end of second adder, data Detection module connects；The output end of RAM buffer respectively with the second input terminal of first adder, second adder it is second defeated Enter end connection；
First channel estimation module, the first adder of second channel estimation module, second adder output end and energy Module, data detection module connection.
4. system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The energy module includes the first multiplier, the second multiplication Device, adder take conjugate module, modulo block, shift unit and third multiplier；
Two input terminals of wherein the first multiplier respectively with the first adder of the first channel estimation module, second adder Output end connects；
The output with the first adder, second adder of second channel estimation module respectively of two input terminals of the second multiplier End connection；
First multiplier, the second multiplier output end connect respectively with two input terminals of adder；
The output end of adder is connect with the input terminal of conjugate module, modulo block is taken；
The output end of modulo block is connect with De-mapping module；
The output end of conjugate module is taken to be connect with data detection module by shift unit, third multiplier；
The input terminal of third multiplier is connect with the ends HTLTF.
5. system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The data detection module includes the first multiplier, second Multiplier, third multiplier, the 4th multiplier, the 5th multiplier, the 6th multiplier, first adder and second adder；
Two input terminals of wherein the first multiplier respectively with the output end of the RAM buffer of the first channel estimation module, second The output end of the second adder of channel estimation module connects；
Two input terminals of the second multiplier respectively with the output end of RAM buffer, the first addition of second channel estimation module The output end of device connects；
The output end of first multiplier is connect by first adder, third multiplier with De-mapping module, third multiplier Another input terminal is connect with the output end of energy module third multiplier；
The output end of second multiplier and the input terminal of second adder connect；
Two input terminals of the 4th multiplier respectively with the output end of the first adder of the first channel estimation block, second channel The output end of the RAM buffer of estimation block connects；
Two input terminals of the 5th multiplier respectively with the output end of the second adder of the first channel estimation block, second channel The output end of the RAM buffer of estimation block connects；
The output end of 4th multiplier and the input terminal of first adder connect；
The output end of 5th multiplier is connect by second adder, the 6th multiplier with De-mapping module, the 6th multiplier Another input terminal is connect with the output end of energy module third multiplier.
6. system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The De-mapping module includes threshold adjustment module, data Cache module and De-mapping module；
Wherein the modulo block of the input terminal and energy module of threshold adjustment module output end connection, threshold adjustment module it is defeated Outlet is connect by data cache module with De-mapping module；
Two input terminals of De-mapping module connect with the output end of the third multiplier of data detection module, the 6th multiplier respectively It connects.
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