CN105575725B - The vacuum on-Line Monitor Device and method of vacuum interrupter in a kind of vacuum switch - Google Patents
The vacuum on-Line Monitor Device and method of vacuum interrupter in a kind of vacuum switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN105575725B CN105575725B CN201610097012.XA CN201610097012A CN105575725B CN 105575725 B CN105575725 B CN 105575725B CN 201610097012 A CN201610097012 A CN 201610097012A CN 105575725 B CN105575725 B CN 105575725B
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- Prior art keywords
- vacuum
- laser
- arc
- chutes
- plasma
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/668—Means for obtaining or monitoring the vacuum
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L21/00—Vacuum gauges
- G01L21/30—Vacuum gauges by making use of ionisation effects
Abstract
The present invention relates to device for switching field, there is provided a kind of vacuum on-Line Monitor Device of vacuum interrupter in vacuum switch and method, it is intended to solves the technical barrier that arc-chutes vacuum is monitored on-line in vacuum switch；The present invention produces laser using the device invented based on laser induced breakdown spectrograph, by the laser action of generation to vacuum interrupter inner shield surface, laser induced plasma is produced at radome surface, spectral measurement and analysis by plasma, the vacuum degree in arc-chutes is obtained, so as to reach the purpose that arc-chutes vacuum is monitored on-line in vacuum switch.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the vacuum on-line monitoring of arc-chutes in vacuum switch, and in particular to uses laser-induced breakdown light
Spectral technology detects the material composition of vacuum extinction chamber interior.
Technical background
The maintenance of power switchgear is the important component of whole power system management work, to whole power system
Safe and reliable operation plays an important role.The maintenance mode of power equipment mainly has power failure to detect and monitor on-line, and have a power failure detection
Need equipment is out of service, then overhauled according to the service condition of equipment, such a mode is set in no redundance unit
In the case of can bring prolonged power failure to user, and may enter during power equipment is out of service to equipment belt
The damage of one step.Monitor the maintenance mode mainly carried out as power department at this stage, its feelings normally run in equipment on-line
Detected under condition, judge the running status of equipment, it is not necessary to have a power failure, reduced the economic loss of user, it also avoid simultaneously
The excessive wear brought in power equipment make and break process.
Vacuum circuit breaker is widely present in whole power system as a kind of power switchgear of environment-friendly type, particularly exists
Mesolow field.Vacuum interrupter is as the core of vacuum circuit breaker, and it is responsible in use and cut-offs normal bear
The responsibility of charged current and short circuit current flow.Vacuum circuit-breaker arc extinguishing chamber requires that vacuum is not less than 1.33 × 10 when dispatching from the factory-3Pa,
Pressure is not less than 6.6 × 10 when using-2Pa, but with the increase of service life, the deflation and suction of inner member working surface
Gas process, the funeral of the burn into getter activity between bellows and other hermetic unit sealings, long-term diffusion, crystalline material
The factors such as mistake can cause vacuum leak, so as to cause the reduction of vacuum in arc-chutes.The reduction meeting of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber
Connecting-disconnecting function and insulating capacity to breaker bring harmful effect, or even occur the phenomenon of failure of interruption.Some both at home and abroad
Person proposes many on-line monitoring methods for being directed to vacuum, wherein mainly having Shielding tensor method, high-frequency discharge method, high-frequency electrical
Stream method, magnetic control discharge method etc., otherwise existing method test limit is too high, otherwise need to significantly alter the knot of vacuum interrupter
Structure, is all dfficult to apply to reality.The inspection of power transmission line means that existing vacuum interrupter monitoring is used, mainly by observing arc extinguishing
Color change on the radome of room judges internal vacuum, belongs to a kind of qualitative judgement, with very big subjectivity and inaccurate
True property, so Vacuity of Vacuum Circuit Breakers on-line monitoring is always one of problem of partial power maintenance.
With the development of laser and spectral technique, LIBS is achieved within the time of recent two decades
Huge progress, particularly achieves very big breakthrough on the miniaturization of equipment, economization.LIBS conduct
The technology of one high speed development, economization, it is practical on made significant headway, LIBS be it is a kind of with
Laser produces the emission spectrographic analysis method of plasma as source excitation material is induced, and is to be based on Reciprocity of Laser ＆ Materials
A kind of detection technique.Popular says, be exactly by a branch of superlaser in extremely short time inner focusing to material surface, and then
Laser induced plasma is produced above material exterior normal, the spectrum emitted by plasma is analyzed, from
And judge the composition and composition of material.LIBS has lot of advantages：It is very small to sample damage, need not
Preparation of samples, it can detect at a distance etc..LIBS amount of literature data shows laser-induced breakdown
Spectral technique can be applied to the quantitative analysis of the composition of solid, liquid, gas tri-state material, and a small amount of laboratory sample can just be met
Requirement of experiment is very small to the damage of material in itself.In addition, it also has quick analysis material composition, realizes online inspection
Survey, Simultaneous multi element analysis, the simple advantage of system operatio.
Technical characterstic based on LIBS, applying it to vacuum on-line monitoring has technical support, one
Its internal metallic material surface of aspect can deposit the metal oxide of different content, and this oxide content can be with the change of pressure
And change, on the other hand, during pressure change, the spectral line of emission intensity of meeting plasma, plasma temperature, plasma are close
Degree etc. produces influence, so can reach the purpose that vacuum is monitored on-line by both the above or one.
To sum up, LIBS can be under conditions of the scene operation of vacuum switch not be disturbed, application
To the on-line monitoring of power system vacuum switch, the shortcoming that conventional pyroelectric monitor method electromagnetism interference performance can be avoided not enough,
Technique has important theoretical research and engineering application value.
The content of the invention
This technical barrier is monitored on-line for vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber in the power equipment that is proposed in technical background, is carried
A kind of on-line monitoring method of the vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber of utilization LIBS is gone out, the method can coordinate and make
Vacuum demarcation is carried out with relative line intensity, test limit is improved using Spectral Overlapping technology.And developed using the above method
The on-Line Monitor Device of arc-chutes vacuum in a set of vacuum switch.The vacuum that the present invention is not limited only to described in technical background is opened
The on-line monitoring of arc-chutes vacuum is closed, the on-line monitoring of miscellaneous equipment vacuum is can be also used for.
The laser that methods described produces laser converges to vacuum interrupter internal shield cover surface by lens, produces
Plasma, is judged the composition of plasma or is obtained by spectrum by spectral information in photo-detector analysis plasma
Plasma temperature and density are obtained, the purpose of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber on-line monitoring is reached；Arc-chutes in the vacuum switch
The on-Line Monitor Device of vacuum, apparatus main body includes laser, and photo-detector, signal processing module, additional device includes the
One condenser lens, the second condenser lens, optical fiber；Wherein：The laser produces high energy laser, for exciting vacuum interrupter
Radome produces plasma；First condenser lens is used for the Laser Focusing for producing the laser in vacuum interrupter
Radome surface；The light that second condenser lens is used for the plasma emission for producing induced with laser is converged to a bit；Institute
Stating optical fiber is used to the light that the second condenser lens is converged traveling to photo-detector；The photo-detector is launched for plasma
Spectral signal detected；The signal processing module is mainly used in analyzing the spectral signal that photo-detector is received
Processing, obtains and shows the vacuum degree of vacuum interrupter.Wherein, additional device is nonessential, is entered according to onsite application situation
Row configuration.
Wherein, the optical signal that is received to photo-detector carry out analyzing and processing include analysis spectral line composition, the intensity of spectral line, etc.
Ion temperature, plasma density.
Preferably, vacuum is determined by the intensity of single spectral line or the relative intensity of a plurality of spectral line.
Preferably, the spectrum that the signal processing module is launched by plasma carries out multiple stacking, improves to be measured
The signal to noise ratio of signal and ambient noise, so as to improve test limit.
Preferably, the laser can produce the laser of specific wavelength, and the energy of the laser of the specific wavelength can
Arc-chutes shielding cover material produces plasma in induced vacuum switch.
Preferably, the photo-detector can show the spectral information of Cu, N, H and O element in the plasma in real time.
Preferably, the shell of the vacuum switch is transparent material or the opaque material by windowing processing, is sharp
Light and plasma emissioning light provide propagation ducts.
Preferably, the wave-length coverage of the photo-detector is according to the characteristic spectral line of material in the advance arc-chutes for needing to detect
Chosen.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is vacuum interrupter structural representation, and including moving conductive rod 1, bellows 2, radome 3, shell 4 is quiet
Conducting rod 5；
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the present invention, and including laser 1, condenser lens 2, vacuum interrupter 3 is focused on saturating
Mirror 4, optical fiber 5, photo-detector 6, signal processing module 7；
Fig. 3 is Cu and O relative line intensity curve maps.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail for 1-3 and embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.It is understood that this place
The instantiation of description is used only for explaining of the invention, and the restriction of non-invention, should be noted that in addition, for the ease of retouching
State, the structure rather than entire infrastructure of correlation of the invention are illustrate only in accompanying drawing.
For the present invention, a kind of the online of vacuum switch arc-chutes vacuum of utilization LIBS is proposed
Monitoring method, and develop a set of portable on-Line Monitor Device based on LIBS.Methods described and device energy
The material composition and content of quantitative analysis vacuum extinction chamber interior, are vacuum switch condition monitoring so as to reflect vacuum
Technical support is provided, but the present invention is not limited only to the on-line monitoring of power system vacuum degree of vacuum switch, can be also used for
The on-line monitoring of miscellaneous equipment vacuum.
As shown in Fig. 2 disclosing the LIBS being embodied according to the present invention is used for vacuum switch arc extinguishing
The schematic diagram of room vacuum on-line monitoring, this device includes：Laser 1, condenser lens 2, vacuum interrupter 3, condenser lens 4,
Optical fiber 5, photo-detector 6, signal processing module 7；Wherein：
The laser 1 produces high energy laser, for exciting vacuum interrupter radome to produce plasma, this laser
Energy and optical maser wavelength are selected according to the characteristic of radome copper product, can be gone out with the energy for ensureing laser in induced vacuum switch
Arc chamber shielding cover material produces plasma；
The condenser lens 2 is used for the Laser Focusing for producing the laser in radome surface；
The light that the condenser lens 4 is used for the plasma emission for producing induced with laser is converged to a bit；
The light that the optical fiber 5 is used to converge condenser lens 4 travels to photo-detector；
The spectral signal that the photo-detector 6 is used for plasma transmitting is detected；
The signal processing module 7 is mainly used in spectral line composition, the intensity of spectral line, plasma temperature, plasma density
Analysis, and provide vacuum information.
The side of arc-chutes vacuum is monitored on-line using the on-Line Monitor Device of arc-chutes vacuum in above-mentioned vacuum switch
Method, be specially：Laser produces high energy laser, excites vacuum interrupter radome to produce plasma；First condenser lens
The Laser Focusing that the laser is produced produces plasma in vacuum interrupter radome spatial induction radome；Second gathers
The light for the plasma emission that focus lens produce induced with laser is converged to a bit；The light that optical fiber converges the second condenser lens is passed
It is multicast to photo-detector；The spectral signal of photo-detector plasma transmitting is detected；Signal processing module is to photo-detector
The spectral signal received is analyzed and processed, and obtains and show the vacuum degree of vacuum interrupter.
As shown in figure 3, being the reality for the vacuum scaling method based on relative line intensity being embodied according to the present invention
Apply example.This embodiment judges vacuum according to the relative line intensities of copper and oxygen, when Cu/O relative line intensities are less than 1
It may determine that arc-chutes vacuum is unsatisfactory for service requirement, it is to avoid the problem of precision is not enough in being calibrated using absolute intensity.This Cu
Relative intensity with O spectral lines is only one embodiment of the invention, can also take other relative line intensities to carry out vacuum demarcation.
So far, in a kind of vacuum switch of the invention vacuum interrupter vacuum on-Line Monitor Device and method, first
Solve the problem of vacuum switch arc-chutes vacuum is difficult to realize on-line monitoring, the dress that secondly present invention is developed using the method
Put with higher precision, utilize different laser entry position and plasma emissioning light test position, it is to avoid laser enters
Spectra1 interfer- on rays footpath, in addition, reducing light loss as the transmission path of light with optical fiber in detection part.
Preferably, the laser pulse duration is in nanosecond order, it is to avoid laser causes vacuum interrupter to puncture, more
Plus preferably, strengthen the intensity of plasma emission spectral line using double-pulse laser induced mode.
Preferably, the focal length of condenser lens 2 is selected according to the distance of lens and vacuum interrupter, the condenser lens 4
Focal length is selected according to the distance of lens and optical fiber, it is ensured that the lens absorption coefficient of light and luminous reflectivity are as far as possible small, so that laser energy
Amount loss is as small as possible.
Preferably, the photo-detector can be high-resolution spectrometer, ICCD, its spectral region according to produce etc. from
Daughter characteristic spectral line is selected.It is further preferred that using multichannel photomultiplier measurement multichannel plasma characteristics spectral line.
Preferably, the optical fiber has small attenuation, it is necessary to ensure that the energy of plasma emissioning light is decayed in optical fiber
It is as far as possible small, in addition, the cutoff wavelength of spread fiber is selected according to measured material.
In summary, the invention has the advantages that and feature：
(1) present invention proposes a kind of method that arc-chutes vacuum is monitored on-line in new vacuum switch, as long as vacuum
Closing vacuum arc-chutes air pressure inside changes, it becomes possible to detected by such a method, can realize on-line checking.
(2) Electromagnetic Compatibility is strong.Entire infrastructure of the present invention is optical texture, and sense channel is also light path system, tool
For very strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability；On the other hand, the plasma spatial and temporal scales very little that the present invention is produced, will not cause true
Empty arc-chutes internal breakdown, the flash-over characteristic inside arc-chutes is not disturbed yet substantially.
(3) method and the device of exploitation by providing the present invention, it is easy to expand to the online prison of rest switch equipment
Survey, including insulating materials aging, discharge gas deposition, vacuum leak, micro- water gaging, dielectric surface absorption, sediment depth point
Analysis etc., for the running status of inspection of power transmission line power equipment, predicts its residual life, with important application value.
(4) it is easy to operate, using simple, small volume, it is easy to carry.
In a word, measuring method of the present invention and device can carry out accurate online inspection to vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber
Survey, accuracy of detection is high, detection range is wide, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, easily realize, it is adaptable to which engineering is actual.
Above content is the further description done according to specific preferred embodiment to the present invention, it is impossible to assert
The embodiment of the present invention is only limitted to this, for this professional person of ordinary skill in the field, is not departing from this
On the premise of inventive concept, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all when being considered as belonging to the power that the present invention is submitted
Profit requires to determine protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. the on-Line Monitor Device of arc-chutes vacuum in a kind of vacuum switch, it is characterised in that：Apparatus main body includes laser
(1), photo-detector (6), signal processing module (7)；Wherein：The laser (1) produces high energy laser, for exciting vacuum
Arc-chutes radome produces plasma；The spectral signal that the photo-detector (6) is used for plasma transmitting is detected；
The signal processing module (7) is mainly used in analyzing and processing the spectral signal that photo-detector (6) is received, and obtains and shows
Show the vacuum degree of vacuum interrupter.
2. the on-Line Monitor Device of arc-chutes vacuum in a kind of vacuum switch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Also include additional device, the additional device includes:First condenser lens (2), the second condenser lens (4), optical fiber (5)；Wherein,
First condenser lens (2) is used for the Laser Focusing for producing the laser (1) in vacuum interrupter radome surface；Institute
The light for stating plasma emission of the second condenser lens (4) for induced with laser to be produced is converged to a bit；The optical fiber (5) is used
Photo-detector (6) is traveled in the light for converging the second condenser lens (4).
3. the on-Line Monitor Device of arc-chutes vacuum in a kind of vacuum switch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The optical signal that is received to photo-detector carry out analyzing and processing include analysis spectral line composition, the intensity of spectral line, plasma temperature, etc.
Plasma density.
4. the on-Line Monitor Device of arc-chutes vacuum in a kind of vacuum switch according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
Vacuum is determined by the intensity of single spectral line or the relative intensity of a plurality of spectral line.
5. the on-Line Monitor Device of arc-chutes vacuum in a kind of vacuum switch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The spectrum that the photo-detector is launched by plasma, which carries out multiple stacking, strengthens test limit.
6. the on-Line Monitor Device of arc-chutes vacuum in a kind of vacuum switch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The laser (1) can produce the laser of specific wavelength, and the energy of the laser of the specific wavelength being capable of induced vacuum switch
Interior arc-chutes shielding cover material produces plasma.
7. the on-Line Monitor Device of arc-chutes vacuum in a kind of vacuum switch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The photo-detector (6) can show the spectral information of Cu, N, H and O element in the plasma in real time.
8. the on-Line Monitor Device of arc-chutes vacuum in a kind of vacuum switch according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The shell of the vacuum switch is transparent material or the opaque material by windowing processing, is laser and plasma emission
Light provides propagation ducts.
9. the on-Line Monitor Device on-line monitoring arc-chutes of arc-chutes vacuum are true in vacuum switch in a kind of utilization claim 1
The method of reciprocal of duty cycle, it is characterised in that：Laser (1) produces high energy laser, excites vacuum interrupter radome to produce plasma
Body；The Laser Focusing that first condenser lens (2) produces the laser (1) is shielded in vacuum interrupter radome spatial induction
Cover produces plasma；The light for the plasma emission that second condenser lens (4) produces induced with laser is converged to a bit；Optical fiber
(5) light for converging the second condenser lens (4) travels to photo-detector (6)；The spectrum of photo-detector (6) plasma transmitting
Signal is detected；The spectral signal that signal processing module (7) is received to photo-detector (6) is analyzed and processed, and is obtained simultaneously
Show the vacuum degree of vacuum interrupter；Wherein the first condenser lens (2), the second condenser lens (4), optical fiber (5) be it is non-must
Need equipment.
10. a kind of method for monitoring arc-chutes vacuum on-line according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Methods described
Also include:Vacuum is judged according to the relative line intensities of copper and oxygen, when Cu/O relative line intensities are less than threshold value
It may determine that arc-chutes vacuum is unsatisfactory for service requirement.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610097012.XA CN105575725B (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2016-02-22 | The vacuum on-Line Monitor Device and method of vacuum interrupter in a kind of vacuum switch |
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| CN201610097012.XA CN105575725B (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2016-02-22 | The vacuum on-Line Monitor Device and method of vacuum interrupter in a kind of vacuum switch |
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| CN105575725B true CN105575725B (en) | 2017-10-20 |
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| CN105675587B (en) * | 2016-03-12 | 2019-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Electrical equipment online supervision method and device based on laser induced breakdown spectroscopy |
| CN106290264B (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2019-06-11 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of system and method based on induced with laser spectrum breakdown technology detection vacuum plant vacuum degree |
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| CN109298327A (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2019-02-01 | 乾瑞电气有限公司 | A kind of vacuum circuit breaker digital monitoring method based on Internet of Things |
| CN111063580B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-03-23 | 云南电网有限责任公司玉溪供电局 | Device and method for detecting vacuum degree of arc extinguish chamber of circuit breaker in electrified manner |
| CN112082691B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-10-28 | 西安交通大学 | Low-pressure measuring method and device based on laser plasma imaging |
| CN112203390A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-01-08 | 西安交通大学 | Method for extracting laser plasma profile |
| CN113340522A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-03 | 西安交通大学 | Vacuum switch vacuum degree detection device based on optical path multiplexing |
| CN114942101A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-08-26 | 西安交通大学 | Vacuum degree on-line detection system and method of single optical fiber laser induced breakdown spectroscopy |
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| CN2177234Y (en) * | 1993-12-04 | 1994-09-14 | 周以立 | On-line detector of high voltage vacuum arc extinguishing room vacuum degree |
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| JPH0562569A (en) * | 1991-04-22 | 1993-03-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Vacuum monitoring device for vacuum switch apparatus |
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| CN2081089U (en) * | 1990-09-03 | 1991-07-17 | 东南大学 | In-line detector for vacuity of vacuum switch |
| CN2177234Y (en) * | 1993-12-04 | 1994-09-14 | 周以立 | On-line detector of high voltage vacuum arc extinguishing room vacuum degree |
| CN1908626A (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2007-02-07 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Laser inductive dissociation spectrum detection system for space environment simulation and detection method thereof |
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