CN105575336A - Self generation method of driving waveform for electrophoresis display equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及显示器技术领域,特别涉及一种电泳显示设备驱动波形生成方法。The invention relates to the technical field of displays, in particular to a method for generating driving waveforms of electrophoretic display devices.
背景技术Background technique
微胶囊电泳显示技术是目前市场上最主流的电子纸显示技术,与其他显示技术相比,具有能耗小、制造成本低的优点。在微胶囊中有存在黑色和白色两种带电颗粒。白色颗粒带正电,黑色颗粒带负电。当不同极性的电压驱动时,黑白粒子在电场力的作用下移动,从而产生人眼可以观察到的从黑色到白色之间的各种灰阶。Microcapsule electrophoretic display technology is currently the most mainstream electronic paper display technology on the market. Compared with other display technologies, it has the advantages of low energy consumption and low manufacturing cost. There are two kinds of charged particles, black and white, in the microcapsules. White particles are positively charged and black particles are negatively charged. When driven by voltages of different polarities, the black and white particles move under the action of the electric field force, resulting in various gray scales from black to white that can be observed by the human eye.
目前的电泳显示设备所需驱动波形的设计都是人工手动完成,设计过程繁琐,且需要连续性设计;如果间断性完成,一旦外界条件发生了变化,得到的整体设计结果偏差较大。若是较多阶灰度驱动波形的设计,人工设计的难度和时间消耗率就更高了。The current design of the driving waveform required by the electrophoretic display device is done manually, the design process is cumbersome, and continuous design is required; if it is completed intermittently, once the external conditions change, the overall design results obtained will deviate greatly. For the design of more gray-scale driving waveforms, the difficulty and time consumption rate of manual design are even higher.
电泳显示设备还具有一个非常鲜明的特点就是对于环境和温度的敏感度很高。在不同的环境温度下,黑白颗粒的运动活性和溶液的黏稠度不同,导致需要人工设计多套不同温度下的驱动波形以供调用。同时由于人工设计时,不会设计所有温度值条件下的驱动波形,只是某个范围内的大概值,使得驱动波形对于外界环境的适应也只能差强人意。Electrophoretic display devices also have a very distinctive feature that is highly sensitive to the environment and temperature. At different ambient temperatures, the motility of black and white particles and the viscosity of the solution are different, resulting in the need to manually design multiple sets of driving waveforms at different temperatures for calling. At the same time, because the manual design does not design the driving waveform under all temperature conditions, it is only an approximate value within a certain range, so that the adaptation of the driving waveform to the external environment can only be unsatisfactory.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的是提供一种可智能适应不同环境且显示效果好的电泳显示设备驱动波形自生成方法。In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for self-generating driving waveforms of electrophoretic display devices that can intelligently adapt to different environments and have good display effects.
本发明所采用的技术方案是:The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种电泳显示设备驱动波形自生成方法,包括步骤:S1,采集极端显示状态数据步骤,从显示设备的初始状态驱动到黑色极端状态和白色极端状态,分别采集两种极端状态的亮度值;S2,计算步骤,根据两个极端状态的亮度值,计算各个灰阶的亮度值;S3,生成新的驱动波形步骤,根据前一状态的亮度值和目标状态的亮度值,逐步增加驱动正电压或者负电压的时长,生成一个新的驱动波形;S4,驱动步骤,利用步骤S3所述的驱动波形驱动电泳显示设备显示;S5,测量步骤,测量显示设备所显示的亮度值;S6,反馈步骤,采集步骤S5所述的亮度值并反馈给控制单元;S7,判断步骤,控制单元判断步骤S6所述的亮度值是否是目标亮度值,如是则保存步骤S3所述的驱动波形,否则重复执行步骤S3至S7。A method for self-generating driving waveforms of electrophoretic display devices, comprising steps: S1, the step of collecting extreme display state data, driving from the initial state of the display device to black extreme state and white extreme state, respectively collecting brightness values of the two extreme states; S2 , the calculation step is to calculate the brightness value of each gray scale according to the brightness values of the two extreme states; S3, the step of generating a new driving waveform is to gradually increase the driving positive voltage or The duration of the negative voltage generates a new driving waveform; S4, the driving step, using the driving waveform described in step S3 to drive the electrophoretic display device to display; S5, the measurement step, measuring the brightness value displayed by the display device; S6, the feedback step, Collect the luminance value described in step S5 and feed it back to the control unit; S7, judging step, the control unit judges whether the luminance value described in step S6 is the target luminance value, if so, save the driving waveform described in step S3, otherwise repeat the steps S3 to S7.
优选的,所述步骤S1具体包括子步骤:S11,电泳显示设备从初始状态给像素电极施加一段时间的正电压或者负电压,当黑色极端状态或者白色极端状态稳定时,停止驱动;S12,得到稳定的黑色极端状态和白色极端状态后,用色度计测量或者摄像头分别获取黑白灰度两种极端状态对应的图片,对图片进行AD转换并分析得到两种极端状态的亮度值。Preferably, the step S1 specifically includes sub-steps: S11, the electrophoretic display device applies a positive voltage or a negative voltage to the pixel electrode for a period of time from the initial state, and stops driving when the black extreme state or the white extreme state is stable; S12, obtain After stabilizing the black extreme state and the white extreme state, use a colorimeter to measure or use a camera to obtain pictures corresponding to the two extreme states of black, white and gray respectively, perform AD conversion on the picture and analyze the brightness values of the two extreme states.
优选的,所述步骤S2具体包括子步骤:S21,计算相邻灰阶的差值ΔL*通过公式Preferably, the step S2 specifically includes a sub-step: S21, calculating the difference ΔL* between adjacent gray scales through the formula
ΔL*=(WL*-BL*)/mΔL*=(WL*-BL*)/m
计算得出,其中,m为所需灰阶总数减1,WL*为白色极端状态对应的亮度值,BL*为黑色极端状态对应的亮度值;S22,各灰阶的亮度值L*通过公式Calculated, where m is the total number of gray scales required minus 1, WL* is the brightness value corresponding to the extreme state of white, and BL* is the brightness value corresponding to the extreme state of black; S22, the brightness value L* of each gray scale is obtained by the formula
L*=BL*+n*(ΔL*)L*=BL*+n*(ΔL*)
来计算,其中,n表示所需的灰阶编号。to calculate, where n represents the desired grayscale number.
优选的,所述步骤S3具体为:Preferably, the step S3 is specifically:
S31,显示颗粒激活与擦除前一状态步骤,从前一状态给一段高频脉冲电压,驱动显示设备的显示达到混合状态;S31, displaying the step of activating and erasing the previous state of the particles, giving a high-frequency pulse voltage from the previous state to drive the display of the display device to a mixed state;
S32,生成显示下一状态驱动波形步骤,根据混合状态的亮度值和目标状态的亮度值,逐步增加驱动正电压或者负电压的时长,生成一个新的驱动波形。S32, the step of generating and displaying the driving waveform of the next state is to gradually increase the duration of driving the positive voltage or the negative voltage according to the luminance value of the mixed state and the luminance value of the target state to generate a new driving waveform.
优选的,步骤S31中所述高频脉冲电压为高于25Hz的脉冲电压。Preferably, the high-frequency pulse voltage in step S31 is a pulse voltage higher than 25 Hz.
优选的,所述步骤S32具体为:根据混合状态的亮度值和目标状态的亮度值,逐步增加峰值分别为正负15V的驱动正电压或者负电压的时长,即从所述混合状态通过给不同组合时长的正负15V电压,生成一个新的驱动波形。Preferably, the step S32 is specifically: according to the luminance value of the mixed state and the luminance value of the target state, gradually increase the duration of driving the positive voltage or the negative voltage whose peak value is respectively plus or minus 15V, that is, pass from the mixed state to different Combine the positive and negative 15V voltage for a long time to generate a new driving waveform.
优选的,所述步骤S6具体为:采集步骤S5所述的亮度值通过UART串口反馈给控制单元。Preferably, the step S6 specifically includes: collecting the luminance value mentioned in the step S5 and feeding it back to the control unit through the UART serial port.
本发明的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明通过自动生成驱动波形的方法,使得解放了人工劳动力,通过计算机自动运行,提高了工作效率;同时设计时自适应环境和电泳显示设备自身的硬件状况,使得设计的驱动波形更加匹配外界条件,显示的效果优化。Through the method of automatically generating the driving waveform, the present invention liberates the manual labor and improves the work efficiency through the automatic operation of the computer; at the same time, the self-adaptive environment and the hardware status of the electrophoretic display device during design make the designed driving waveform more match the external conditions , the displayed effect is optimized.
另外,本发明中所采用的驱动波形与传统的驱动波形相比,驱动时间更短。且传统驱动波形有四个阶段,会产生4次人眼可以察觉的闪烁,而本发明中的驱动波形在擦除图像和激活黑白颗粒的部分使用的高频脉冲电压,此部分的闪烁是人眼无法察觉的,在驱动部分只会产生1次闪烁。所以减少了闪烁次数,从而人眼观看的舒适度也得到了提高。In addition, the driving time of the driving waveform used in the present invention is shorter than that of the conventional driving waveform. And the traditional driving waveform has four stages, which will produce 4 times of flicker that can be detected by the human eye, while the driving waveform in the present invention uses a high-frequency pulse voltage in the part of erasing the image and activating the black and white particles. The flickering in this part is human Undetectable to the naked eye, only one flicker occurs in the drive section. Therefore, the number of flickers is reduced, and the viewing comfort of human eyes is also improved.
本发明可广泛应用于各种电泳显示设备。The invention can be widely applied to various electrophoretic display devices.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明:The specific embodiment of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
图1为本发明一种实施例的驱动波形设计示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of driving waveform design of an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明一种实施例的流程示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
如图2所示,本发明用于在0℃到50℃(电泳显示屏的运行温度)的任意环境下自动生成自适应电泳显示设备的驱动波形,包括:As shown in Figure 2, the present invention is used to automatically generate driving waveforms for adaptive electrophoretic display devices in any environment from 0°C to 50°C (the operating temperature of the electrophoretic display screen), including:
采集极端显示状态数据步骤,从显示设备的初始状态驱动到黑色极端状态和白色极端状态,分别采集亮度值;The step of collecting extreme display state data is to drive from the initial state of the display device to the extreme black state and the extreme white state, and respectively collect brightness values;
计算步骤,根据两个极端状态的亮度值,用公式计算各个灰阶的亮度值;The calculation step is to calculate the brightness value of each gray scale with a formula according to the brightness values of the two extreme states;
生成新的驱动波形步骤,从前一状态逐步增加施加到像素电极上的正电压或者负电压时间的长度形成新的驱动波形;Generating a new driving waveform step, gradually increasing the length of time of the positive voltage or negative voltage applied to the pixel electrode from the previous state to form a new driving waveform;
驱动并测量步骤,驱动电泳显示设备显示并测量亮度值;The step of driving and measuring, driving the electrophoretic display device to display and measure the brightness value;
反馈步骤,将亮度值采集并反馈给控制单元;A feedback step, collecting and feeding back the brightness value to the control unit;
判断步骤,控制单元判断由此驱动波形作用显示的效果是否是需要的结果,达到预期则保存此驱动波形并继续运行生成其他状态变换的驱动波形,未达到预期则通过继续增加正电压或者负电压的时长来生成新的驱动波形;In the judging step, the control unit judges whether the effect displayed by the driving waveform is the desired result. If it meets the expectation, it will save the driving waveform and continue to run to generate other driving waveforms for state change. If it does not meet the expectation, continue to increase the positive or negative voltage. to generate a new driving waveform;
循环运行步骤,控制单元载入新的驱动波形,返回到驱动步骤继续运行;The cycle operation step, the control unit loads a new driving waveform, and returns to the driving step to continue running;
结束步骤,所需驱动波形的整体设计完成,保存驱动波形完整数据。At the end of the step, the overall design of the required driving waveform is completed, and the complete data of the driving waveform is saved.
在上述技术方案的基础上,本发明还可以做如下的改进。On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
进一步,所述一种电泳显示设备驱动波形自生成方法,采集极端状态数据步骤包括:Further, in the method for self-generating driving waveforms of electrophoretic display devices, the step of collecting extreme state data includes:
电泳显示设备从初始状态给像素电极施加一段正电压或者负电压,当黑色极端状态或者白色极端状态稳定时,停止驱动。The electrophoretic display device applies a period of positive or negative voltage to the pixel electrode from the initial state, and stops driving when the black extreme state or the white extreme state is stable.
得到稳定的黑色极端状态和白色极端状态后,用色度计测量或者普通相机获取图片进行AD转换分析得到亮度值。After obtaining the stable black extreme state and white extreme state, use a colorimeter to measure or obtain pictures with a common camera for AD conversion analysis to obtain the brightness value.
进一步,所述一种电泳显示设备驱动波形自生成方法中计算步骤通过公式,ΔL*=(白色L*-黑色L*)/m计算相邻灰阶的差值,其中m为所需灰阶总数减1;则各灰阶的亮度值通过公式,L*=黑色L*+n*(ΔL*)来计算,n表示所需的灰阶编号。Further, the calculation step of the driving waveform self-generation method of the electrophoretic display device uses the formula, ΔL*=(white L*-black L*)/m to calculate the difference between adjacent gray levels, where m is the required gray level The total number is minus 1; then the brightness value of each gray scale is calculated by the formula, L*=black L*+n*(ΔL*), n represents the required gray scale number.
进一步,所述一种电泳显示设备驱动波形自生成方法,所生成新的驱动波形包括:Further, in the method for self-generating driving waveforms of an electrophoretic display device, the generated new driving waveforms include:
显示颗粒激活与擦除前一状态部分,从所述的前一状态给一段高频脉冲电压,所述高频脉冲电压为高于25Hz的脉冲电压,峰值分别为正负15V,驱动达到混合状态。Display the particle activation and erasing of the previous state part, give a high-frequency pulse voltage from the previous state, the high-frequency pulse voltage is a pulse voltage higher than 25Hz, the peak value is plus or minus 15V, respectively, and the drive reaches a mixed state .
驱动显示下一状态部分,从所述混合状态通过给不同组合时长的正负15V电压,驱动到下一显示状态。Drive to display the next state part, and drive to the next display state from the mixed state by applying positive and negative 15V voltages with different combination durations.
进一步,所述一种电泳显示设备驱动波形自生成方法中的驱动显示并测量步骤,电泳显示设备根据自动生成的驱动波形被硬件驱动显示灰阶,并测量所显示亮度值。所述的测量步骤可以是色度计测量也可以是其他的普通相机获取图片进行亮度值分析。Further, in the step of driving display and measuring in the self-generating method for driving waveforms of an electrophoretic display device, the electrophoretic display device is driven by hardware to display gray scales according to the automatically generated driving waveforms, and the displayed brightness value is measured. The measurement step can be colorimeter measurement or other ordinary cameras to acquire pictures for brightness value analysis.
进一步,所述一种电泳显示设备驱动波形自生成方法中的反馈步骤,将亮度值的数据反馈给控制单元是通过UART串口通信来完成。Furthermore, in the feedback step in the self-generating method of driving waveforms for the electrophoretic display device, feeding back the brightness value data to the control unit is accomplished through UART serial port communication.
进一步,所述一种电泳显示设备驱动波形自生成方法中的各个步骤都是依次运行,且在未完成预期的整体驱动波形设计前会循环迭代运行,在此过程中会将所需的驱动波形数据保存。Further, each step in the method for self-generating driving waveforms of an electrophoretic display device runs sequentially, and iteratively runs before the expected overall driving waveform design is completed, during which the required driving waveforms will be data storage.
进一步,所述一种电泳显示设备驱动波形自生成方法中的混合状态是一个不确定状态,无法预知。与传统的驱动波形设计中存在参考灰阶和中间态的概念不同,本发明方法是通过计算机按照给定目标灰度的亮度值匹配的方法,自动搜寻出所需驱动波形,而不需人工干预搜索过程。Furthermore, the mixed state in the self-generating method of driving waveforms for electrophoretic display devices is an uncertain state and cannot be predicted. Different from the concept of reference gray scale and intermediate state in the traditional driving waveform design, the method of the present invention automatically searches out the required driving waveform through the method of matching the brightness value of the given target gray scale by the computer without manual intervention search process.
下面以四级灰阶驱动波形生成为例,具体描述本发明的实现过程。The implementation process of the present invention will be described in detail below by taking the generation of four-level grayscale driving waveforms as an example.
图1为本发明一具体实施例驱动波形设计示意图,如图1所示,在本具体实施例中驱动波形包含两个阶段:1、擦除前一状态图像和激活黑白颗粒活性,2、驱动到目标灰阶状态。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of driving waveform design of a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, driving waveform comprises two stages in this specific embodiment: 1, erasing previous state image and activating black and white particle activity, 2, driving to the target grayscale state.
在第1阶段通过一组高频脉冲信号,擦除前一阶段的图像和快速提高黑白颗粒的运动活性,由于脉冲信号为方波信号且频率高于25HZ,大于人眼可以察觉到的频率,所产生的闪烁人眼捕捉不到,从而减少了电泳显示器闪烁。In the first stage, a group of high-frequency pulse signals is used to erase the image of the previous stage and quickly increase the movement activity of black and white particles. Since the pulse signal is a square wave signal and the frequency is higher than 25HZ, which is greater than the frequency that the human eye can perceive, The resulting flicker is invisible to the human eye, reducing flicker in electrophoretic displays.
第2阶段从第1阶段结束后的混合状态,驱动到下一个图像状态。Phase 2 drives from the blend state after phase 1 ends to the next image state.
第1阶段结束后得到的混合状态的图像信息是不可预知的,与传统的驱动波形中得到某一个特定的参考灰阶的方法不同。这样也可以减少驱动时长,提高电泳显示器显示图像的响应速度。The image information of the mixed state obtained after the first stage is unpredictable, which is different from the method of obtaining a specific reference gray scale in the traditional driving waveform. This can also reduce the driving time and improve the response speed of the electrophoretic display to display images.
通过色度计测量或者普通相机采集图像进行AD转换并分析亮度值信息来得到数据结果。然后通过UART串口通信将数据结果传给控制单元,控制单元判断此亮度值结果是否与整体驱动波形设计中所需灰阶的亮度值匹配。The data results are obtained by colorimeter measurement or image acquisition by ordinary cameras for AD conversion and analysis of brightness value information. Then the data result is transmitted to the control unit through the UART serial port communication, and the control unit judges whether the brightness value result matches the brightness value of the gray scale required in the overall driving waveform design.
若匹配,则保存此状态变换下的驱动波形数据,并判断是否完成整体驱动波形的设计,未完成则回到产生新的驱动波形步骤继续运行,完成则结束,整体驱动波形的设计完成;If it matches, then save the driving waveform data under this state transition, and judge whether the design of the overall driving waveform is completed, and return to the step of generating a new driving waveform to continue running if it is not completed, and end when it is completed, and the design of the overall driving waveform is completed;
若不匹配,回到产生新的驱动波形步骤继续运行。If not, go back to the step of generating a new driving waveform and continue running.
图2为本发明一种电泳显示设备驱动方法流程示意图,如图2所示,本发明一种电泳显示设备驱动波形自生成方法,用于在0℃到50℃(电泳显示屏的运行温度)的任意环境下自动生成自适应的电泳显示设备的驱动波形;该方法包括:(以四阶驱动波形设计为例)Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an electrophoretic display device driving method of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2, a self-generating method of an electrophoretic display device driving waveform of the present invention is used for operating at 0°C to 50°C (the operating temperature of the electrophoretic display screen) Automatically generate the driving waveform of the adaptive electrophoretic display device in any environment; the method includes: (taking the fourth-order driving waveform design as an example)
采集极端显示状态数据步骤,从显示设备的初始状态驱动到黑色极端状态和白色极端状态,例如,采集黑色极端状态和白色极端状态亮度值分别为80和200;The step of collecting extreme display state data is to drive from the initial state of the display device to the extreme black state and the extreme white state, for example, the brightness values of the extreme black state and the extreme white state are collected to be 80 and 200 respectively;
计算步骤,根据两个极端状态的亮度值,用公式计算各个灰阶的亮度值,例如,四级灰阶的情况下,则The calculation step is to calculate the brightness value of each gray scale according to the brightness values of the two extreme states, for example, in the case of four gray scales, then
ΔL*=(WL*-BL*)/m=(200-80)/3=40;ΔL*=(WL*-BL*)/m=(200-80)/3=40;
各灰阶亮度值通过公式The brightness value of each gray scale is calculated by the formula
L*=BL*+n*(ΔL*)L*=BL*+n*(ΔL*)
来计算,例如:to calculate, for example:
浅灰(灰阶编号2)L*=80+2*40=160;Light gray (gray scale number 2) L*=80+2*40=160;
深灰(灰阶编号1)L*=80+1*40=120。Dark gray (gray scale number 1) L*=80+1*40=120.
生成新的驱动波形步骤,从前一状态逐步增加施加到像素电极上的正电压或者负电压时间的长度形成新的驱动波形;若前一状态是白色状态,先驱动20MS的正15V电压,得到的亮度值为178,不属于任何我们需要灰阶的亮度值。增加驱动时长到40MS,得到亮度值为120,与我们需要的深灰的亮度值匹配,记录下白色状态到深灰状态转换的驱动波形,驱动部分的长度为40MS;同时需要的浅灰的亮度值为160,而驱动40MS正15V电压得到灰阶亮度值小于此值,则增加20MS时长的负15V电压到像素电极,此时得到灰阶亮度值为145,同样小于所需亮度值,继续增加;用此方法反复运行匹配,得到从白色状态到浅灰状态的驱动波形的驱动部分为40MS的正15V电压加上80MS的负15V电压以及40MS的正15V电压。同理可得到各个灰阶之间相互进行状态转换时的驱动波形。In the step of generating a new driving waveform, gradually increase the length of the positive voltage or negative voltage applied to the pixel electrode from the previous state to form a new driving waveform; if the previous state is a white state, first drive a positive 15V voltage for 20MS to obtain The brightness value is 178, which is not part of any brightness value that we need gray scale. Increase the driving time to 40MS, and get a brightness value of 120, which matches the brightness value of dark gray we need. Record the driving waveform for the transition from white state to dark gray state. The length of the driving part is 40MS; at the same time, the brightness of light gray is required The value is 160, and the grayscale brightness value obtained by driving the positive 15V voltage for 40MS is less than this value, then add a negative 15V voltage for 20MS to the pixel electrode, and the grayscale brightness value obtained at this time is 145, which is also smaller than the required brightness value, and continue to increase ; Use this method to run the matching repeatedly, and the driving part of the driving waveform from the white state to the light gray state is a positive 15V voltage of 40MS plus a negative 15V voltage of 80MS and a positive 15V voltage of 40MS. In the same way, the driving waveforms when the states of each gray level are switched mutually can be obtained.
结束步骤,所需驱动波形的整体设计完成,保存驱动波形完整数据。At the end of the step, the overall design of the required driving waveform is completed, and the complete data of the driving waveform is saved.
本发明整个设计的过程都是程序自动运行,解放了人工劳动力,提高了工作效率;同时设计时自适应环境和电泳显示设备自身的硬件状况,使得设计的驱动波形与外界条件更加匹配,显示的效果优化。The entire design process of the present invention is the automatic operation of the program, which liberates the labor force and improves the work efficiency; at the same time, the design adapts to the environment and the hardware status of the electrophoretic display device itself, so that the designed driving waveform is more matched with the external conditions, and the displayed Effect optimization.
本实施例中,设计的是四级灰度驱动波形作为一个示例,但本发明中驱动波形的自产生方法适用于多级灰度驱动波形。In this embodiment, four-level gray-scale driving waveforms are designed as an example, but the self-generation method of driving waveforms in the present invention is applicable to multi-level gray-scale driving waveforms.
以上是对本发明的较佳实施进行了具体说明,但本发明创造并不限于所述实施例,熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可做作出种种的等同变形或替换,这些等同的变形或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent deformations or replacements without violating the spirit of the present invention. , these equivalent modifications or replacements are all within the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
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