CN105574493B - A kind of origin analysis method of diesel combustion particulate matter - Google Patents
A kind of origin analysis method of diesel combustion particulate matter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of origin analysis methods of diesel combustion particulate matter, comprising the following steps: fluorescer is added in diesel lubrication oil；With the aerosol sample in filter paper acquisition diesel exhaust gas；The microscopic appearance figure of aerosol sample is obtained by scanning electron microscope；The processing of binaryzation method and Threshold segmentation are carried out to microscopic appearance figure, the binaryzation method processing, which refers to, indicates each pixel in microscopic appearance figure with the gray scale of 0-255, and the Threshold segmentation is that the microscopic appearance figure that gray scale indicates is less than segmentation threshold and gray scale by gray scale to be converted to black white image more than or equal to segmentation threshold division；It calculates black portions area and white portion the area accounting in the gross area in black white image and obtains oil particles object contribution weight and fuel particles object contribution weight.This method is easy to operate not to be interfered by chromatography factor, can quickly, accurately complete the origin analysis of diesel particulate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of origin analysis method of particulate matter, in particular to a kind of source of diesel combustion particulate matter
Analytic method.
Background technique
China will implement " light-duty vehicle pollutant emission limit and measurement method (China the 5th on January 1st, 2018
Stage) " (five standard of state), compared with state four standard, NOx emission limit value in five standard of state stringent 25%~28%, particle
Amount of substance emission limit stringent 82%, in addition to this, also adds New Set particulate matter number of particles (Particle
Numbers, PN) limit value.Diesel particulate emission control faces the dual test of " quality " Yu " quantity ", of diesel engine
Grain object discharge is mainly influenced by fuel qualities and lubricating oil quality, since China Diesel supply system is mainly by middle petrochemical industry, middle stone
Oil, CNOOC and private oil refining enterprise composition limits, many conditions restriction such as technical matters, price factor by oil sources, commercially available
The quality of diesel oil is irregular, and fuel qualities difference has great influence to granular material discharged control.Lubricating oil is in particulate matter
The important sources that soluble organic fraction (SOF) generates, due to piston ring packing not tight, positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) etc., bavin
In oil machine, when underrun, condensation adsorption is around particle in the form of unburned hydrocarbons for partial lubrication oil vapour, shape
At soluble organic fraction.At a high speed, when heavy-duty service, oil consumption is larger, easy fuel-rich generation dry carbon cigarette, meanwhile, not
Lubricating oil is fired to increase the contribution degree of particulate matter SOF.
The theoretical research of diesel energy conservation and emissions reduction and engineering in practice, grasp diesel lubrication oil particulate matter and fuel oil
The formation mechanism and discharge contribution weight of grain object, the source of science parsing particulate matter are granular material discharged for rationally proposing to reduce
Control measure it is most important.It is existing to have researched and proposed through gas chromatography, analyze particle soluble organic (SOF) group
Carbon chain lengths are that C23~C30 is defined as oil particles object ingredient by the carbon chain lengths divided, and carbon chain lengths are C14~C22 circle
It is set to fuel particles object ingredient.
But the above method there are analytic processes it is complicated, vulnerable to the interference of chromatography factor the defects of, therefore, it is necessary to mention
A kind of quick, accurate, intuitive particulate matter origin analysis method out provides reason to propose to reduce granular material discharged technical measures
By foundation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to solve problems in the prior art, provides a kind of origin analysis side of diesel combustion particulate matter
Method solves the problems, such as that original analysis method process complexity is interfered vulnerable to chromatography factor.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of origin analysis method of diesel combustion particulate matter, comprising the following steps:
Fluorescer is added in diesel lubrication oil；With the aerosol sample in filter paper acquisition diesel exhaust gas；It is obtained by scanning electron microscope
The microscopic appearance figure of aerosol sample；The processing of binaryzation method and Threshold segmentation carried out to microscopic appearance figure, at the binaryzation method
Reason, which refers to, indicates each pixel in microscopic appearance figure with gray scale, and the Threshold segmentation is the microscopic appearance for indicating gray scale
Figure is converted to black white image by gray scale and the division of segmentation threshold size；Calculate black portions area and white portion in black white image
Area accounting in the gross area obtains oil particles object contribution weight and fuel particles object contribution weight.
Preferably, it is black that gray scale, which is less than segmentation threshold part, when the Threshold segmentation, and gray scale is more than or equal to segmentation threshold
Part is white.
Preferably, tonal range is 0-255 after the binaryzation method processing
Preferably, the segmentation threshold is 100.
Preferably, in the diesel lubrication oil Idling Process for Diesel Engine operating 5 minutes or more after addition fluorescer.
Preferably, metal spraying processing is carried out to surface after the aerosol sample in the filter paper acquisition diesel exhaust gas.
Preferably, the fluorescer additive amount is that every liter of lubricating oil adds fluorescer 1/1000g.
Preferably, the fluorescer is the oiliness fluorescer without benzene homologues.
Preferably, the filter paper is polytetrafluoroethylene fibre filter paper.
The advantages of technical solution provided by the present invention, is, fluorescer is added in lubricating oil, and analysis lubricating oil enters
Cylinder participates in the particulate matter that burning generates and contributes weight, obtains particulate matter microscopic appearance figure by scanning electron microscope, it is assumed that particulate matter
Sample is evenly distributed on filter paper, and the area distributions of oil particles object are distinguished by binary image split plot design, calculates lubrication
The contribution weight of oil particles object.This method is easy to operate, and particle object image obtains and image analysis method is simple and easy to do, reliability
Preferably, the origin analysis of diesel particulate can quickly, be accurately completed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is analysis method flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the microscopic appearance figure that embodiment obtains particle.
Fig. 3 is the microscopic appearance figure of binaryzation method processing and Threshold segmentation.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not as a limitation of the invention.
The condition that method of the invention is assumed based on two, it is assumed that the particulate matter source in diesel exhaust gas is only lubricating oil
With two kinds of fuel oil, it is assumed that diesel particulate sample collected is uniformly distributed on polytetrafluoroethylene fibre filter paper.In conjunction with
Analysis process shown in FIG. 1 adds profit according to the ratio of every L lubricating oil addition 1/1000g fluorescer in diesel lubrication oil
Lubricating oil fluorescer, lubricating oil fluorescer are the molten fluorescer of oil, (such as: Fluorescent Yellow 131SC oil without benzene homologues
Molten fluorescer, the molten fluorescer of OB-1 type oil).Start after diesel engine idle running 10 minutes, mixes lubricating oil with fluorescer
It is even；Bench test is carried out, using the aerosol sample in polytetrafluoroethylene fibre filter paper acquisition diesel exhaust gas, collects exhaust
After surface metal spraying processing after grain object.The microscopic appearance figure of particle is obtained by scanning electron microscope, as shown in Fig. 2, scanning electricity
Mirror analysis condition are as follows: 2000 times~1,500,000 times of amplification factor, point resolution 0.23nm, lattice resolution 0.14nm.In particulate matter
There is the white bright spot of multiple irregular distributions in microscopic appearance figure, which is the central point of oil particles object, rest part
For the particulate matter generated from fuel burning；Particulate matter microscopic appearance figure will appear adhesion between basic carbon particle, overlapping show
As according to the discontinuity of similitude, basic carbon particle boundary inside single carbon granules subgraph, using binaryzation method to particle
Object microscopic appearance figure carry out processing and Threshold segmentation, specifically, by the gray scale of the point in particulate matter microscopic appearance figure be set to 0 or
255, particulate matter microscopic appearance figure segmentation threshold is set as 100, whole image shows apparent black and white effect, as shown in figure 3,
The pixel that all gray scales are greater than or equal to threshold value 100 is that white area is judged as belonging to oil particles object, remaining region is
The particulate matter that fuel burning generates, obtains area distributions of the oil particles object in total particulate；It is calculated by following equation
Oil particles object contributes weight: oil particles object contributes weight=oil particles object plane product/particulate matter gross area, this reality
Applying oil particles object plane product in example is 8.96cm2, the particulate matter gross area is 65.31cm2, oil particles object contribution weight=
13.72%, fuel particles object contributes weight=1- oil particles object to contribute weight=86.28%.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of origin analysis method of diesel combustion particulate matter, which comprises the following steps: in diesel lubrication
Fluorescer is added in oil, the fluorescer additive amount is that every liter of lubricating oil adds fluorescer 1/1000g；Diesel engine is acquired with filter paper
Aerosol sample in exhaust；The microscopic appearance figure of aerosol sample is obtained by scanning electron microscope；Two are carried out to microscopic appearance figure
The processing of value method and Threshold segmentation, the binaryzation method processing refer to each pixel in microscopic appearance figure with gray scale chart
Show, tonal range is 0-255 after the binaryzation method processing；The Threshold segmentation is the microscopic appearance figure by gray scale expression by ash
Degree is converted to black white image with the division of segmentation threshold size, and the segmentation threshold is 100；Calculate black part facet in black white image
Long-pending and white portion area accounting in the gross area obtains oil particles object contribution weight and fuel particles object contribution weight.
2. the origin analysis method of diesel combustion particulate matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the threshold value point
It is black that gray scale, which is less than segmentation threshold part, when cutting, and it is white that gray scale, which is more than or equal to segmentation threshold part,.
3. the origin analysis method of diesel combustion particulate matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the diesel engine
In lubricating oil Idling Process for Diesel Engine operating 5 minutes or more after addition fluorescer.
4. the origin analysis method of diesel combustion particulate matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the filter paper is adopted
Metal spraying processing is carried out to surface after collecting the aerosol sample in diesel exhaust gas.
5. the origin analysis method of diesel combustion particulate matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the fluorescer
For the oiliness fluorescer without benzene homologues.
6. the origin analysis method of diesel combustion particulate matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the filter paper is
Polytetrafluoroethylene fibre filter paper.
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| CN107966391B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2020-10-16 | 常熟理工学院 | Method and device for verifying trapping efficiency of diesel particle trap under vehicle-mounted vibration condition |
| CN108648185B (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2022-04-15 | 机械工业第四设计研究院有限公司 | Method for online detection of cleaning efficiency of particles of cleaning equipment before coating |
| CN109101878B (en) * | 2018-07-01 | 2020-09-29 | 浙江工业大学 | Image analysis system and image analysis method for straw fuel value estimation |
| CN110057729A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-07-26 | 天津大学 | A kind of human body particulate matter passively settles concentration determination method |
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