CN105563300A - Rotary elastomer and grinding-polishing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device and grinding and polishing equipment. The rotary elastic body polishing device includes a hub for being mounted on a rotating shaft, an annular elastic body wrapped around the outer periphery of the hub, and grinding or polishing elements fixed on the outer periphery of the elastic body. The grinding and polishing equipment includes a machine tool body and the above-mentioned rotary elastic body polishing device; the machine tool body includes a base and a slide table that can move forward and backward; a rotary table is installed on the slide table; A spindle box that can move up, down, left, and right, the spindle head of the spindle box is connected with the rotary elastic body polishing device, and the rotary elastic body is equipped with a driving device that drives the wheel hub to rotate. The invention has the characteristics of computer control, high grinding and polishing speed, solidification of grinding abrasive grains, complex grinding and polishing track, ideal removal function and the like.

Description

A rotary elastic body and grinding and polishing equipment

technical field

The invention relates to a rotary elastic body and grinding and polishing equipment, belonging to the technical field of grinding and polishing equipment.

Background technique

Grinding and polishing are the only means to achieve ultra-precise dimensions, ultra-accurate shapes, and extremely low surface roughness on the surface of various solid materials, and they are also the best methods to eliminate processing defects and damage of materials below the surface. Grinding and polishing are suitable for a wide range of applications and are capable of ultra-precision machining of various complex surfaces. Especially for the processing of complex surface parts of various difficult-to-machine materials used in the fields of optics and electronic information, grinding and polishing processes play an irreplaceable role.

The traditional grinding and polishing processing technology mostly adopts the low-speed processing method of loose grain abrasives, which has the disadvantages of low precision retention and low processing speed, which greatly affects the productivity of precision parts, especially in the processing of large optical free-form surface parts. The time accounts for most of the entire processing time, and the processing time of a product ranges from hundreds of hours to several months.

For the slow circular grinding and polishing method widely used at present, the movement form is mostly the rotation of the grinding disc, and the workpiece rotates and revolves relative to the grinding disc. Although the process is relatively simple, the removal function is not ideal. It is suitable for the processing of complex curved surfaces, and the size of the workpiece, the rotating speed of the workpiece, and the rotating speed of the grinding disc are strictly limited. The polishing speed is low, so that the improvement of processing efficiency is not obvious. Although it is suitable for processing complex surface parts, the efficiency is low when processing large and medium-sized ultra-precision parts, and the processing cost is high when used.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcomings of low processing efficiency, high processing cost, and low maintenance of processing accuracy in current grinding and polishing equipment, the present invention aims to provide a rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device and rotary elastic body grinding and polishing equipment, the grinding and polishing equipment It has the characteristics of computer control, high grinding and polishing speed, solidification of abrasive grains, complex grinding and polishing trajectory, and ideal removal function.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A rotary elastic body polishing device is characterized in that it includes a hub for mounting on a rotating shaft, an annular elastic body wrapped around the outer periphery of the hub, and grinding or polishing elements fixed on the outer periphery of the elastic body.

According to the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention can also be further optimized, and the following is the technical scheme formed after optimization:

Preferably, the grinding element is a grinding pellet or sandpaper; the polishing element is a polishing pad.

Preferably, the elastic body is an inflatable structure or a ring made of elastic material.

As several specific fixing forms, the grinding element or polishing element is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body by embedding or pasting.

Preferably, one side of the hub is provided with a driving device for driving the hub to rotate through a rotating shaft.

Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a rotary elastic body grinding and polishing equipment, which includes a machine tool body and the above-mentioned rotary elastic body polishing device; platform; the slide table is equipped with a rotary table for placing workpieces to be processed; a spindle box that can move up, down, left, and right is arranged above the rotary table, and the spindle head of the spindle box is connected with the rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device. connected, the rotating elastic body is equipped with a driving device to drive the hub to rotate, so that the grinding or polishing element of the rotating elastic body contacts the upper surface of the workpiece to be processed when rotating.

A column is arranged on the base, and a beam that can move up and down relative to the column is installed on the column, and the headstock that can move left and right relative to the beam is installed on the beam.

Preferably, the spindle head of the headstock is connected to the connecting handle installed on the upper part of the rotary elastic body polishing device, and the lower part of the connecting handle is connected to a grinding and polishing mechanism base, and the rotary elastic body is installed on the On the base of the grinding and polishing mechanism, a motor for driving the hub to rotate is mounted on the base of the grinding and polishing mechanism.

Further, a collector ring is installed at the lower part of the connecting handle; the inner ring of the collector ring can rotate with the connecting handle, and the outer ring of the collector ring is connected with the collector ring fixing frame installed on the headstock. Thus, the inner ring of the collector ring is connected with the lower circumference of the connecting handle and rotates accordingly. The outer ring is connected with the collector ring fixing frame, and the collector ring fixing frame is connected with the spindle box.

In order to adapt to the grinding or polishing process of parts with complex profiles, the cross-sectional peripheral profile of the rotary elastic body includes an arc segment with a certain curvature.

With the above structure, the grinding and polishing equipment of the present invention includes a machine tool body and a rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device. The upper connection handle of the rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device is connected with the lower spindle head of the spindle box on the machine tool body. A rotary table is installed on the sliding table above the lower base of the machine tool body. The workpiece is installed on the rotary table, and the surface to be processed on the workpiece is in contact with the lower part of the rotary elastic body. The lower part of the rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device is provided with a grinding and polishing mechanism base, and a motor is installed on the grinding and polishing mechanism base. The rotary elastic body is installed on the base of the grinding and polishing mechanism through the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is connected with the motor. The upper part of the base of the grinding and polishing mechanism is connected with the lower part of the connecting handle. An elastic body is installed outside the hub on the rotary elastic body, and the elastic body can be inflated or solid. The outer side can be inlaid, pasted, and installed with abrasive pellets, sandpaper or polishing pads for polishing. The rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device rotates driven by the spindle head. The rotary elastic body is driven to rotate by the motor through the transmission mechanism. The rotary table can drive the workpiece to rotate. The sliding table can drive the rotary table to translate. The headstock can move up and down with the crossbeam under the action of the column transmission mechanism on the column. The spindle box can move left and right under the action of the beam transmission mechanism on the beam. The base of the grinding and polishing mechanism is connected with the inner hole of the connecting handle through a flange, an elastic collet and a nut.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the elastic body structure or material on the rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device of the present invention has certain elasticity, and its contact area and contact pressure with the workpiece can be adjusted, so that the material removal rate can be adjusted. control. Moreover, the abrasive grains can be made to have a certain concession during processing, which can well realize the ideal non-mandatory processing in the grinding and polishing process; the outer surface of the elastomer is inlaid, pasted, and installed with abrasive pellets, sandpaper or polishing pads, which can be The two processes of grinding and polishing are completed in the same equipment. During the grinding process, the abrasive is solidified, which overcomes the defects of free abrasive grinding; the entire rotary elastic body grinding and polishing equipment is installed on the machine tool body, and the grinding and polishing device can be installed on the main shaft. Driven to revolve and feed along the axial direction of the main shaft, it forms a contact with the workpiece with a certain pressure. The rotary elastic body can rotate at high speed driven by the motor, and the workpiece can be rotated and fed by the turntable and the sliding table. The combination of the above movements together forms an ideal, complex, uniform, and non-repetitive grinding and polishing trajectory between the abrasive grains and the workpiece, and the removal function is ideal; the close contact between the outer curved profile of the rotary elastic body and the workpiece can realize Controlled and efficient grinding and polishing of complex curved surface parts. The invention is safe and reliable, and has a high degree of flexibility, and the grinding and polishing device can also be installed on a multi-axis vertical machine tool for use. Through the control of computer program, it can meet the grinding and polishing processing of difficult-to-machine materials and complex surface parts, with high processing speed and stable processing quality.

The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural principle diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the whole structure front view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the overall structure left view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional view of the rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the front view of the rotary elastomer grinding and polishing device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a left view of the rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a top view of the rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a structural view of the rotary elastic body of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a left side view of Fig. 9 .

In the picture

1-machine body, 2-rotary elastomer grinding and polishing device, 3-workpiece, 4-collector ring holder, 11-base, 12-column, 121-column transmission mechanism, 13-beam, 131-beam transmission mechanism, 14-spindle box, 141-spindle head, 15-rotary table, 16-sliding table, 21-rotary elastic body, 211-elastic body, 212-wheel hub, 213-grinding pellets, sandpaper or polishing pad, 22-connection Handle, 221-nut, 23-collector ring, 24-grinding and polishing mechanism base, 25-motor, 26-transmission mechanism, 27-flange, 28-elastic collet.

detailed description

A rotary elastic body grinding and polishing equipment, as shown in Figures 1-4, includes a machine tool body 1 and a rotary elastic body polishing device 2, and the upper part of the rotary elastic body polishing device 2 is connected to a spindle head 141 through a connecting handle 22 , can be driven by the spindle head 141 to rotate. A rotary table 15 is installed on the slide table 16 above the bottom base 11 of the machine tool body 1 . The workpiece 3 is installed on the rotary table 15 , and the surface to be processed on the workpiece 3 is in contact with the lower part of the rotary elastic body 21 . The rotary table 15 can drive the workpiece 3 to rotate. The slide table 16 can drive the rotary table 15 to translate. The spindle box 14 can move up and down with the beam 13 under the action of the column transmission mechanism 121 on the column 12 . The spindle box 14 can move left and right under the action of the beam transmission mechanism 131 on the beam 13 .

As shown in Figure 5-Figure 8. The bottom of the rotary elastic body grinding and polishing device 2 is provided with a grinding and polishing mechanism base 24, the motor 25 is installed on the grinding and polishing mechanism base 24, and the rotary elastic body 21 is installed on the grinding and polishing mechanism base 24 by a transmission mechanism 26, and the transmission mechanism 26 links to each other with motor 25. The rotary elastic body 21 is driven to rotate by the motor 25 through the transmission mechanism 26 . The upper part of the grinding and polishing mechanism base 24 is connected with the inner hole of the lower part of the connecting handle 22 through the flange 27, the collet 28, and the nut 221. The inner ring of the collector ring 23 is connected with the lower circumference of the connecting handle 22 and rotates accordingly. The outer ring is connected with the collector ring fixing frame 4 , and the collector ring fixing frame 4 is connected with the spindle box 14 .

As shown in Figure 9. An elastic body 211 is installed on the outer side of the upper hub 212 of the rotary elastic body 21. The elastic body 211 can be inflated or solid, and the outer side can be inlaid, pasted, and equipped with grinding pills, sandpaper 213 or polishing pads 213. The profile of the circumference of the cross section of the rotary elastic body 21 is composed of arcs and straight lines with a certain curvature, which can be adapted to the grinding or polishing of parts with complex profiles.

In conjunction with Fig. 5, wherein θ _c represents the motion of the rotary elastic body polishing device 2 with the Z axis as the rotating shaft, which can be regarded as the rotary motion of the cutter on the machine tool spindle; H represents a separate, additional motion axis, which serves as a reference, and the present invention The working process is as follows: the motor on the rotary elastic body polishing device 2 drives the rotary elastic body to rotate at a certain speed; at the same time, the spindle head drives the entire grinding and polishing equipment to rotate, and the beam drives the spindle box to feed to the workpiece surface along the axis of the spindle. Set the position; the workpiece rotates under the drive of the rotary table. Setting a suitable processing path between the workpiece and the rotary elastic body can form a complex and uniform grinding and polishing track between the rotary elastic body and the workpiece, and then complete the processing of the entire surface of the workpiece. A certain point on the curved profile of the rotating elastic body at the lower end of the grinding and polishing equipment is in contact with the corresponding part on the workpiece. Due to the certain elasticity of the rotating elastic body, a grinding and polishing contact area with a certain shape and size is formed on the surface of the rotating elastic body and the surface of the workpiece, and To maintain a certain contact pressure, the area of the contact area (contact pressure) can be changed by adjusting the internal air pressure of the elastomer or the elastomer material and the spindle position parameters. Each of the above-mentioned processing parameters can be changed under the control of a computer program. Therefore, through an appropriate control mechanism, it can adapt to the grinding and polishing of parts with complex profiles.

The above-mentioned embodiments should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention more clearly, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, those skilled in the art will understand the various equivalent forms of the present invention All modifications fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

Claims (10)

1. A rotary elastic body polishing device, characterized in that it includes a hub (212) for being mounted on a rotating shaft, an annular elastic body (211) wrapped around the outer circumference of the hub (212), and fixed on the elastic Grinding or polishing elements on the periphery of the body (211). 2 . The rotary elastic body polishing device according to claim 1 , wherein the grinding element is a grinding pellet or sandpaper; and the polishing element is a polishing pad. 3 . 3. The rotary elastic body polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the elastic body (211) is an inflatable structure or a ring made of elastic material. 4 . The rotary elastic body polishing device according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the grinding element or polishing element is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body ( 211 ) by embedding or sticking. 5. The rotary elastic body polishing device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, a drive device for driving the hub (212) to rotate through a rotating shaft is provided on one side of the hub (212). 6. A rotary elastic body grinding and polishing equipment, characterized in that it includes a machine tool body (1) and a rotary elastic body polishing device (2) according to any one of claims 1-5; the machine tool body (1) It includes a base (11), on which a slide table (16) capable of moving back and forth is installed; on the slide table (16) is mounted a rotary table (15) for placing workpieces (3) to be processed; A headstock (14) that can move up, down, left, and right is provided above the rotary table (15), and the spindle head (141) of the headstock (14) is connected with the rotary elastic body polishing device (2). The rotary elastic body (21) is equipped with a driving device that drives the hub (212) to rotate, so that the grinding element or polishing element of the rotary elastic body (21) is in contact with the upper surface of the workpiece (3) to be processed when it is rotating. touch. 7. The rotary elastic body grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, the base (11) is equipped with a column (12), and the column (12) is equipped with a beam that can move up and down relative to the column (12) (13), said headstock (14) that can move left and right relative to crossbeam (13) is housed on this crossbeam (13). 8. The rotary elastic body grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that the spindle head (141) of the headstock (14) is connected to the upper part of the rotary elastic body polishing device (2) The handle (22) is connected, and the lower part of the connecting handle (22) is connected with a grinding and polishing mechanism base (24), and the rotating elastic body (21) is installed on the grinding and polishing mechanism base (24) through a transmission mechanism (26). Above, the base (24) of the grinding and polishing mechanism is equipped with a motor (25) that drives the hub (212) to rotate. 9. The rotary elastic body grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, a collector ring (23) is installed at the lower part of the connecting handle (22); the inner ring of the collector ring (23) can be Connecting handle (22) rotates, and the outer ring of this collector ring (23) is connected with the collector ring holder (4) that is contained on the main shaft box (14). 10. The grinding and polishing equipment for rotary elastic body according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that, the cross-sectional circumferential profile of the rotary elastic body (21) includes an arc segment with a certain curvature.