CN1055625A - Ickel-cadmium cell and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents
Ickel-cadmium cell and manufacturing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1055625A CN1055625A CN90101931A CN90101931A CN1055625A CN 1055625 A CN1055625 A CN 1055625A CN 90101931 A CN90101931 A CN 90101931A CN 90101931 A CN90101931 A CN 90101931A CN 1055625 A CN1055625 A CN 1055625A
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- ickel
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- cadmium
- cadmium cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The present invention relates to ickel-cadmium cell and manufacture method thereof.The positive and negative pole plate of ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention is the foaming type metallic plate.Its manufacture method comprises the following steps: to prepare foamed metal substrate; Respectively to the positive and negative active material of substrate filling to form positive and negative pole plate; Welding electrode ear on positive plate; Interleave into insulation diaphragm and with it at positive and negative pole plate and to be rolled into electric core; Electric core is inserted battery case; This open cell is changed into processing; Encapsulation.Ickel-cadmium cell cost of the present invention is low, power big, charging is fast, specific energy is big, and manufacturing process is simple.
Description
The present invention relates to ickel-cadmium cell and manufacture method thereof, specifically, relate to foaming type ickel-cadmium cell and manufacture method thereof.
At present, the ickel-cadmium cell that can see on the market mainly is that pole plate boxlike (pocket type) battery and sintered type (being pressed into sintered type and paper tinsel formula) battery are arranged.Because its electrode structure difference, so manufacture method is different fully, the performance difference of battery is also very big simultaneously, belongs to the most ancient a kind of rechargeable battery structure with the ickel-cadmium cell that has pole plate box structure electrode to be assembled into.Though this battery technology is simple, cost is low, the life-span is long, its specific energy (but battery energizing quantity of Unit Weight) is low, and high-rate discharge ability is relatively poor, thereby can not satisfy the requirement that many occasions are used.
The sintered cadmium nickel-based battery is that the fifties begins to grow up.This battery comprises the lug and the battery case of positive and negative electrode plate, barrier film, sealing ring, explosion-proof ball, insulated tube, connection positive plate.Because its pole plate is to be made of the micropore nickel that the nickel plated steel strip with a large amount of punchings or nickel strap and sintering form, so have two-dimensional structure.The substrate of this two-dimensional structure is dispersed in the micropore active material, has increased the reaction surface of active material, makes it can obtain utilizing more fully in the charge and discharge process.Therefore, the specific energy of this ickel-cadmium cell is high by about 50% than the ickel-cadmium cell of pocket type structure, can be with the speed discharge of ultra-high magnifications.Its technological process of production as shown in Figure 5, wherein the manufacturing process of sintrered nickel substrate mainly comprises the following steps: to prepare conducting matrix grain (perforation nickel strap or nickel plated steel strip); Conducting matrix grain is carried out slurry, scrapes slurry, dries by the nickel slurry; This skeleton of sintering makes the bonding agent oxidation Decomposition in the nickel slurry again, and And makes between the nickel powder particle bonding mutually, thereby obtains the sintrered nickel substrate, and the aperture in this substrate is that 6～12 microns, porosity reach as high as 80%.Substrate can make positive and negative pole plate through the following step repeatedly: substrate was immersed nickel salt (negative plate cadmium salt) solution 1.5～2 hours, nickel salt (or cadmium salt) solution is fully entered in the hole on the substrate, take out drying substrates about one hour, make nickel salt (or cadmium salt) crystallization on substrate; The substrate that will have crystallization immerses in the alkali lye (as NaOH) and reaches 1.5～2 hours, generates the hydroxide of nickel (or cadmium); The washing aforesaid substrate; The And oven dry.Because only the pole plate through an above-mentioned steps gained can not satisfy desired gain in weight, so generally above-mentioned steps will be repeated the pole plate that just can obtain being suitable for for three to four times.This process generally needs 15～20 hours.As mentioned above, the formation of the active material of sintered cadmium nickel-based battery is carried out in substrate, and it not only comprises physical change but also also has chemical reaction, so the manufacturing of battery has been subjected to the restriction of reaction speed.Simultaneously, chemical reaction carries out in micropore, makes reaction condition restive, the quality of the pole plate that very difficult assurance is produced.Therefore, not only production efficiency is low but also cost is expensive, complex manufacturing, flow process are loaded down with trivial details for the sintered cadmium nickel-based battery.Up to now, full-automatic ickel-cadmium cell production line does not appear in the world yet.In addition, sintered cadmium nickel-based battery consumption nickel amount is big, and at present in the world the price of nickel also holding ascendant trend, this has just more increased battery cost.At present, the sintered cadmium nickel-based battery has reached very high level on its technology basis, seek new breakthrough on specific energy and the charging rate on the existing structure, almost is impossible.In a word, the development of sintered cadmium nickel-based battery has been subjected to all restrictions, can not satisfy the growing demand of battery little, in light weight to volume on the market, that charging is fast.
Based on above-mentioned situation, various countries are the development of new ickel-cadmium cell in succession.From the technique direction that the researcher followed, the electrode of used in battery has three kinds of different patterns substantially.First plastic bonding formula nickel electrode (promptly using plastics that active material is bonded on the conducting matrix grain); It two is fiber formula nickel electrode (promptly make substrate with the nonwoven metal fiber felt, active material is filled in the hole between the fiber); The 3rd is foaming nickel electrode.The above two all had product to come out before 2 years.They are reducing cost, are simplifying technology, are obtaining certain progress aspect raising the efficiency, but electrical property (as life-span, heavy-current discharge etc.) is compared bigger gap in addition with traditional sintered type battery.Therefore, still can not satisfy the demand in market.Be based on the three-dimensional structure of substrate about the imagination of foaming nickel electrode, the active material that is filled in wherein is fully used, thereby improve the specific energy and the charging rate of battery.But not seeing yet so far has product to come out.
For the problem that exists in the performance that solves existing ickel-cadmium cell and the production technology, the present inventor has obtained gratifying achievement through a large amount of research.
The ickel-cadmium cell that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-power, high-energy, quick charge;
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of little ickel-cadmium cell of nickel amount that consumes;
The 3rd purpose of the present invention provides the big ickel-cadmium cell of a kind of specific energy;
The 4th purpose of the present invention provides the production method of the ickel-cadmium cell that a kind of power is big, energy is high, charging is fast;
The 5th purpose of the present invention provides that a kind of cost is low, the production method of the ickel-cadmium cell of less energy consumption.
Ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention comprises lug, a battery cover, a battery case and an insulated tube of a positive plate, a negative plate, a barrier film, an explosion-proof ball, a sealing ring, at least one connection positive plate, it is characterized in that having at least a slice pole plate to be made of foamed metal substrate in the described positive and negative pole plate.
The manufacture method of ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention comprises the following steps: to prepare two foamed metal substrates; With mechanical means respectively to two positive and negative two kinds of active materials of substrate filling to form positive and negative pole plate; Welding electrode ear on positive plate; Interleave into insulation at positive and negative pole plate and it to be rolled into electric core every film And; Electric core is inserted battery case to form open cell; Open cell is changed into processing; Seal.
Because the used substrate of ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention is that the aperture is 20～500 microns a foamed substrate, its hole, hole communicates, and is tridimensional network, so its porosity is up to 96%.Compare with traditional sintered base plate, the ampere-hour capacity of foamed substrate formula ickel-cadmium cell has increased about 40%, brings up to 700 MAHs from 500 MAHs; Gravimetric specific energy is brought up to 700 MAHs/22 grams from 500 microamperes of time/23 grams, has increased about 46%; Charging rate has improved about three times, reduces to 1.0～1.5 hours from 4.5～10 hours; And substrate consumption nickel amount compare with the nickel strap substrate from 8 restrain/only reduce to 4 grams/.Therefore, ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention not only performance is better than traditional sintered cadmium nickel-based battery, and can also reduce cost.
Compare with traditional sintered type cell manufacturing method, ickel-cadmium cell manufacturing approach craft of the present invention is simple, and step has reduced makes an appointment with half, thereby has improved production efficiency greatly.In addition, because foamed substrate of the present invention is a tridimensional network, and the aperture is bigger, active material can directly be filled into substrate with mechanical means, needn't resemble dipping, crystallization, alkalization, washing, oven dry repeatedly the sintered cadmium nickel-based battery, and the quality of substrate quality does not depend on chemical reaction yet, therefore, manufacture method of the present invention not only improved active material utilance, be easy to the control basal plate quality, and saved energy consumption (water) greatly, reduced cost.The manufacture method of ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention is simple because of step, also is suitable for carrying out automated production.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing product of the present invention and method are described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the used foaming type ni substrate of ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the simple process flow diagram of ickel-cadmium cell production method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the ickel-cadmium cell that produces with ickel-cadmium cell manufacture method of the present invention and the discharge curve of sintered type battery;
Fig. 5 is the simple process flow diagram of sintered cadmium nickel-based battery.
Fig. 1 simply illustrates the structure of an embodiment of ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention.This battery is a cylindrical-shaped structure, and 1 is positive plate; 2 is negative plate; 3 is the insulation diaphragm between positive and negative pole plate; 4 for preventing battery and the extraneous sealing ring that makes the positive and negative pole plate electric insulation of battery simultaneously that contacts; 5 for preventing the too high explosion-proof ball that produces danger of inner pressure of battery; 6 for sealing the battery opening and playing the outside anodal battery cover that acts on of battery; 7 is battery case, and it seals the electric core that is made of positive and negative pole plate with battery cover 6, and And works to do battery cathode; 8 for connecting the lug of positive plate and battery cover; 9 for wrapping in the insulating sleeve of lug outside.Wherein, positive plate and negative plate constitute by foaming nickel.The shape of ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention is not limited to cylindrical.Those of ordinary skill in the art can change the shape of ickel-cadmium cell easily and can not exceed category of the present invention.
The concrete structure of the foaming nickel substrate that ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention is used is shown in Fig. 2.Wherein, 11 is three-dimensional netted nickel dam; 12 is the hole between the nickel dam.This foaming nickel substrate mesopore communicates with the hole, and the aperture is 20～500 microns.Its porosity is up to about 96%.
The typical process flow of manufacturing ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention as shown in Figure 3.One foam material (as Foamex etc.) at first is provided; Foam material is carried out conductive processing; Place it in then in the coating bath that contains the plating metal salting liquid and electroplate; The three-dimensional netted metal foam that uniformly-coating obtains is done suitable heat treatment; Then its roll-in to needed thickness (for example 1～6 millimeter) is formed foamed metal substrate; With modes such as punching press, shearing make two foamed metal substrate ， And with required form on substrate, suppress at least an ear position for the welding electrode ear with (this operation also can be moved to after filling, the drying process); After this, with mechanical injection method (for example rolling method, extrusion, sliding scale, slurry-scraping method etc.) the positive and negative active material of paste is filled in the substrate hole; Make the drying substrates that is filled with active material; Press molding under certain pressure again, thus positive and negative pole plate formed; Place, ear position welding conduction lug at positive plate; Put negative plate after positive plate covered with insulation diaphragm (as vinylon etc.), they are wound into electric core; With the electric core that so the forms nickel plating box hat of packing into; The open cell that so obtains is changed into processing; At last its other end is welded in the positive terminal that forms battery on the battery cover that metal constitutes putting insulating sleeve ， And on the anode ear, battery case, sealing ring, battery cover closely is pressed into one, so just prepare complete ickel-cadmium cell with mechanical means.
Below will manufacture method of the present invention be elaborated by the embodiment that the present invention prepares ickel-cadmium cell.
Get two blocks of foamed plastics, its thickness is about 5 millimeters, and the aperture is 20～500 microns, at first, this foamed plastics is conducted electricity preliminary treatment (comprising chemistry, physical treatment), makes that foamed plastics deoils, hydrophilic, alligatoring.After this, place suitable solution (as the solution of sulfuric acid nickel salt and other additive) through 3～10 minutes chemical platings pretreated foamed plastics, be that negative electrode, nickel plate are anode again with the Foamex, plating bath adopts common Watts plating bath to electroplate 0.5～1 hour.So far, on the foamed plastics equably deposition gone up metallic nickel.Place the tread flaking of carrying out one minute in the combustion furnace under the proper temperature to handle in the foaming nickel that so obtains, thereby obtain three-dimensional netted nickel foaming body.After in reducing atmosphere, being heated the heat treatment of doing 5～20 minutes about 500～1200 ℃ again, slowly cooling.Foaming nickel to 3 millimeters thick that roll-in so obtains.The paste positive active material is injected in the hole of a substrate with extrusion; Another piece substrate is immersed in the lotion of negative electrode active material, take out the back and the slurry on surface is wiped off with mechanical means.Dry 3～5 hours of two substrates, make its drying under certain condition.Weld a conduction lug respectively being filled with the ear position place that processes on the positive plate of positive active material, lug is made by the nickel sheet of strip.The positive and negative pole plate that so makes is struck out the rectangle of 70mm * 40mm, a lug is wherein all arranged on each positive plate.The insulation diaphragm made from vinylon covers positive plate, is rolled into electric core cylindraceous behind the placement negative plate on it.This electric core packed into form open cell in the nickel plating box hat.KOH solution is added in the open cell, under 140～700 milliamperes electric current, carries out four times charge and discharge cycle then respectively, make pole plate have activity, And removes impurity.It is above-mentioned that to change into the processing time be 25～30 hours (sintered cadmium nickel-based battery only one pole just change into once need 15～20 hours).After this electric core after can will changing into is packaged into the finished product ickel-cadmium cell.
Show that through measurement the ampere-hour capacity of the ickel-cadmium cell that makes like this improves nearly 40% up to 700 MAHs than sintering battery.The discharge curve of this ickel-cadmium cell is shown in Fig. 4.Solid line is the discharge curve of ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention among Fig. 4; Dotted line is the discharge curve of traditional sintered cadmium nickel-based battery.Ickel-cadmium cell discharge as can be seen from the figure of the present invention is after 140 hours, and voltage still is higher than 1 volt; And sintered cadmium nickel-based battery discharge is after 100 hours, and voltage has just been reduced to 1 volt.
Get about 3.5 millimeters of thickness, aperture and be 20～500 microns foamed plastics, the same with embodiment 1 it is carried out preliminary treatment, chemical plating, plating, tread flaking, heat treatment; With rolling method the positive and negative electrode active material is filled in two substrates respectively, makes its drying again, obtain the positive and negative pole plate of nickel.The positive and negative pole plate that so makes is struck out the rectangle of 150mm * 38mm, stamp out two ear positions on each positive plate.The lug that the nickel sheet is made is welded on the above-mentioned ear position.Use the method identical to make the finished product battery then with embodiment 1.Measure the charge and discharge characteristic of the battery that so makes, its result is the same satisfactory with the battery of embodiment 1 gained.
Positive and negative electrode active material recited above is respectively the nickel of paste and the hydroxide slurry of cadmium.Its manufacture method is as follows: add nickel salt solution and alkali lye and additive (two kinds of materials selecting from cobalt salt, metallic cobalt, cobalt oxide, cadmium metal, cadmium oxide, graphite powder, nickel powder etc. at least) in special retort, under certain condition, make it carry out chemical reaction, just obtained the positive active material lotion; With cadmium oxide, cadmium powder, additive (two kinds of materials from metal nickel powder and oxide thereof and hydroxide, cadmium hydroxide, graphite powder, transformer oil, Ursula wet goods, selecting at least) and thixotropy bonding agent aqueous solution, can obtain the negative electrode active material lotion.
The foregoing description is just made an example of ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention, and the Zhi Fang of the making Fa And of ickel-cadmium cell of the present invention is not limited to this.Those of ordinary skill in the field to some step wherein some changes that may make all embodied principle ， And of the present invention and belonged to category of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of ickel-cadmium cell comprises insulation diaphragm between positive/negative plate of a positive plate, a negative plate,, an explosion-proof ball, a sealing ring, at least one connects lug, a battery cover and a battery case of positive plate, it is characterized in that:
Have at least a slice pole plate to constitute in the described positive and negative pole plate by foamed metal substrate.
2, ickel-cadmium cell as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the foaming aperture of described foamed metal substrate is 20～500 microns.
3, ickel-cadmium cell as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described foamed metal substrate is a foaming nickel substrate.
4, a kind of manufacture method of ickel-cadmium cell comprises the following steps:
1) prepares first, second metal substrate;
2) to the first substrate attachment positive active material to form positive plate;
3) to the second substrate attachment negative electrode active material to form negative plate;
4) on positive plate, weld a lug at least;
5) insulation diaphragm is clipped between positive and negative pole plate, And forms electric core with it;
6) described electric core is inserted battery case to form open cell;
7) open cell is changed into processing;
8) seal;
It is characterized in that also comprising the following steps: in the described step 1)
1. a kind of foaming body is provided;
2. with a kind of metal deposition to foaming body;
3. the foaming body that has deposited metal is heat-treated and obtain foaming metal;
4. the described foaming metal of roll-in makes first, second foamed metal substrate to the section of desired thickness ， And process.
5, ickel-cadmium cell manufacture method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that:
Described foaming body is a foamed plastics.
6, ickel-cadmium cell manufacture method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that:
The metal of described step in 2. adopts chemistry and electrochemical method to deposit to foaming body to get on.
7, ickel-cadmium cell manufacture method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that:
Described positive active material is to be prepared in advance by nickel salt solution, alkali lye and two kinds of materials selecting from cobalt salt, metallic cobalt, cobalt oxide, cadmium metal, cadmium oxide, graphite powder, nickel powder at least in special equipment.
8, ickel-cadmium cell manufacture method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that:
Described negative electrode active material is to be prepared in advance by cadmium oxide, cadmium powder, thixotropy bonding agent and two kinds of materials selecting from metal nickel powder and oxide and hydroxide, graphite powder, cadmium hydroxide and organic additive at least in special equipment.
9, the manufacture method of ickel-cadmium cell as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that:
Described positive and negative pole plate is filled into described positive and negative electrode active material respectively in first and second foamed metal substrates with mechanical means and forms.
10, the manufacture method of ickel-cadmium cell as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that:
Described mechanical means comprises rolling method, extrusion, sliding scale, slurry-scraping method, injection method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90101931A CN1032038C (en) | 1990-03-30 | 1990-03-30 | Ca-Ni cells and the manufacture thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90101931A CN1032038C (en) | 1990-03-30 | 1990-03-30 | Ca-Ni cells and the manufacture thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1055625A true CN1055625A (en) | 1991-10-23 |
| CN1032038C CN1032038C (en) | 1996-06-12 |
Family
ID=4877316
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN90101931A Ceased CN1032038C (en) | 1990-03-30 | 1990-03-30 | Ca-Ni cells and the manufacture thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1032038C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102157721A (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2011-08-17 | 广东工业大学 | Method for manufacturing simulated battery pole piece used for laboratory |
| CN103560252A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-05 | 福建瑞达精工股份有限公司 | Flexible lead-acid battery core easy to recycle, and preparation method of flexible lead-acid battery core |
-
1990
- 1990-03-30 CN CN90101931A patent/CN1032038C/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102157721A (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2011-08-17 | 广东工业大学 | Method for manufacturing simulated battery pole piece used for laboratory |
| CN103560252A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-05 | 福建瑞达精工股份有限公司 | Flexible lead-acid battery core easy to recycle, and preparation method of flexible lead-acid battery core |
| CN103560252B (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-10-28 | 福建瑞达精工股份有限公司 | A kind of flexible easily recovery lead acid accumulator core and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1032038C (en) | 1996-06-12 |
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