CN105554484A - De-mosaicking method applied to high photosensitive micro-polarization array imaging - Google Patents
De-mosaicking method applied to high photosensitive micro-polarization array imaging Download PDFInfo
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- CN105554484A CN105554484A CN201510883829.5A CN201510883829A CN105554484A CN 105554484 A CN105554484 A CN 105554484A CN 201510883829 A CN201510883829 A CN 201510883829A CN 105554484 A CN105554484 A CN 105554484A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
- G02B27/285—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining comprising arrays of elements, e.g. microprisms
Abstract
The invention discloses a de-mosaicking method applied to high photosensitive micro-polarization array imaging. A high photosensitive micro-polarization array is arranged at one side of an image sensor close to the incident light, acquired image data is sent by the image sensor to a digital signal processor, and de-mosaicking processing on the image data is carried out according to steps as follows, 1, a low resolution partial-polarization angle image is acquired; 2, a high resolution no-polarization image is acquired, and a low resolution no-polarization image is acquired; 3, four intermediate images with different polarization angles are acquired, the four intermediate images with different polarization angles subtract the low resolution no-polarization image to acquire four low resolution polarization angle images; 4, one high resolution angle difference image is acquired; and 5, four high resolution images having different polarization angles are acquired, de-mosaicking processing on an original image is accomplished, and a de-mosaicking problem of the high photosensitive micro-polarization array is solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to polarization optics imaging and technical field of image processing, relate to a kind of demosaicing method being applied to high photosensitive micro-inclined array image-forming.
Background technology
Due to the corresponding polarization angle of each location of pixels in the image that the photosensitive micro-inclined array of height directly obtains or without inclined intensity level, and in order to obtain the polarization information of scene, the image of 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 135 ° four polarization angles must be obtained simultaneously, therefore high-resolution four width polarization angle images must be recovered according to the pixel intensity information obtained by demosaicing method, and existing demosaicing method is only applicable to the micro-inclined array of traditional arrangement model, can not directly apply to above high photosensitive micro-inclined array.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of demosaicing method being applied to high photosensitive micro-inclined array image-forming, to solve the demosaicing problem of high photosensitive micro-inclined array.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of demosaicing method being applied to high photosensitive micro-inclined array, it is characterized in that, photosensitive for height micro-inclined array is fixedly installed on the side of imageing sensor near incident light, the view data obtained is sent to digital signal processor by imageing sensor, and carries out the process of view data demosaicing according to following steps:
Step 1, for the view data collected by high photosensitive micro-inclined array and imageing sensor, the polarization angle data of wherein each polarization angle unit are fused into a value respectively, obtain a width low resolution partial polarization angular image;
Step 2, estimate polarization angle position pixel in high photosensitive micro-inclined array without inclined intensity data, obtain high-resolution unbiased graph picture;
Again by each polarization angle unit of high-resolution unbiased graph picture, a value is obtained by being averaging without inclined intensity data of estimating, as corresponding polarization angle unit without inclined strength values, carry out same process within the scope of whole array, namely obtain a width low resolution unbiased graph picture;
Step 3, the low resolution partial polarization angular image will obtained through step 1, under the guidance processing the low resolution unbiased graph picture obtained through step 2, the intermediate image of four width different polarization angles is obtained by interpolation, and then low resolution unbiased graph picture is deducted in four the low resolution partial polarization angle figure obtained, namely obtain fourth officer low resolution polarization angle difference image;
Step 4, the fourth officer low resolution polarization angle difference image will obtained through step 3, through the processing method of bilinear interpolation, up-sampling, obtain a panel height resolution angle difference image;
Step 5, the high-resolution differential seat angle image obtained through step 4 and the high-resolution unbiased graph picture obtained through step 2 to be sued for peace, finally obtain the high-definition picture of fourth officer different polarization angle, namely complete the demosaicing process of original image;
Wherein, high photosensitive micro-inclined array comprises several minimum period unit compact arranged successively, each minimum period unit includes the polarization unit of four different polarization angles, four different polarization angles are respectively 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° or 135 °, and the eyeglass of each polarization unit comprises several polarizers and without deviation lens.
Further, is the setting that is staggered without deviation lens and polarizer in each polarization unit.
Further, without deviation lens or polarizer, respectively along level, vertical or cornerwise direction continuous arrangement.
Further, in step 1, by the polarization angle data of each polarization angle unit, be fused into a value respectively by the method for averaging.
Further, in step 2, low resolution unbiased graph picture is identical with the size of the low resolution partial polarization angular image obtained by step 1.
Further, in step 3, in intermediate image, the method for estimation of pixel a certain to be asked is: according to the known pixel values of four corresponding equal angular polarizers with it in the neighborhood of pixel to be asked, estimate the numerical value of pixel to be asked, wherein, four pixels to be asked are divided into two classes, first kind pixel to be asked, the polarization angle of its correspondence is identical with its major-minor diagonal adjacent pixels, Equations of The Second Kind pixel to be asked, and the polarization angle of its correspondence is identical with the neighbor of its level or vertical direction.
Further, the method for estimation of Equations of The Second Kind pixel to be asked is, first estimates the value of first kind pixel position pixel, using the given value of the estimated value of first kind pixel position pixel as this position, estimates the value of Equations of The Second Kind pixel position pixel.
Further, in step 4, high-resolution differential seat angle image is identical with the size of the high-resolution unbiased graph picture by obtaining in step 2.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, for the demosaicing method of the micro-inclined Array Design of the photosensitive micro-inclined array of height, solve the micro-inclined array that existing demosaicing method is only applicable to traditional arrangement model, the problem of high photosensitive micro-inclined array can not be directly applied to; Take full advantage of the characteristic of high photosensitive polarization arrays, utilization estimates required gradient information when recovering polarization data without the data that deviation lens collects, possess again the advantage of the micro-inclined array demosaicing of tradition simultaneously, namely utilize information as much as possible in neighborhood to estimate the data lacked.The above two kinds of means of associating are to ensure the accuracy finally obtaining polarization information as much as possible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the digital camera system that the present invention is provided with high photosensitive micro-inclined array;
Wherein, 1. incident light, 2. camera lens, 3. high photosensitive micro-inclined array, 4. imageing sensor, 5. analogue signal processor, 6.D/A transducer, 7. digital signal processor, 8. image display;
Fig. 2 is the high-level schematic functional block diagram of digital signal processor in digital camera system;
In figure, 11. low resolution partial polarization angle module, 12. high-resolution without inclined module, 13. low resolution without inclined module, 14. low resolution polarization angle differential mode blocks, 15. high-resolution polarization angle differential mode blocks, 16. high-resolution final image modules;
Fig. 3 is the minimum period unit of high photosensitive micro-inclined array;
In Fig. 3, A.0 ° polarization unit, B.45 ° polarization unit, C.90 ° polarization unit, D.135 ° polarization unit, the polarizer group E.0 in ° polarization unit;
Fig. 4 is the partial schematic diagram of the image Given information of input low resolution polarization angle differential mode block.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The invention provides a kind of demosaicing method being applied to high photosensitive micro-inclined array, photosensitive for height micro-inclined array is fixedly installed on the side of imageing sensor near incident light, the view data obtained is sent to digital signal processor 7 by imageing sensor, and carries out the process of view data demosaicing according to following steps:
The polarization angle data of wherein each polarization angle unit are fused into a value, obtain a width low resolution partial polarization angular image by step 1, the view data collected for imageing sensor respectively.
Step 2, estimate polarization angle position pixel in high photosensitive micro-inclined array without inclined intensity data, obtain the high-resolution unbiased graph picture that a width size is identical with original image;
Obtain a value by each polarization angle unit by being averaging without inclined intensity data of estimating again, as corresponding polarization angle unit without inclined strength values, carry out same process within the scope of whole array, namely obtain a width low resolution unbiased graph picture; Described low resolution unbiased graph picture is identical with the size of the low resolution partial polarization angular image obtained by step 1.
Step 3, the low resolution partial polarization angular image will obtained through step 1, under the guidance processing the low resolution unbiased graph picture obtained through step 2, the intermediate image of four width different polarization angles is obtained by interpolation, and then low resolution unbiased graph picture is deducted in four the angle figure obtained, namely obtain low resolution polarization angle difference image;
Step 4, the low resolution polarization angle difference image will obtained through step 3, through the processing method of bilinear interpolation, up-sampling, obtain a panel height resolution angle difference image, described high-resolution differential seat angle image is identical with the size of the high-resolution unbiased graph picture by obtaining in step 2.
Step 5, the high-resolution differential seat angle image obtained through step 4 and the high-resolution unbiased graph picture obtained through step 2 to be sued for peace, finally obtain the high-definition picture of fourth officer different polarization angle, namely complete the demosaicing process of original image.
Embodiment:
Photosensitive for height polarization arrays 3 is arranged at the side of imageing sensor 4 near incident light, and the view data obtained is sent to digital signal processor 7 by imageing sensor 4, and carries out the process of view data demosaicing according to following steps:
1) the minimum period unit of high photosensitive polarization arrays 3 is supposed as shown in Figure 3, so by after 0 ° of polarization angle unit A in minimum unit and imageing sensor 4, the packet collected without inclined data, also comprises one or more 0 ° of polarization angle data containing eight simultaneously.Wherein, the collecting quantity of 0 ° of polarization angle data be by gather initial data imageing sensor 4 selected by operator scheme determine.
The internal structure of the camera according to Fig. 1, above-mentioned collect without inclined data and polarization angle data, can be sent in digital signal processor 7 after analogue signal processor 5 and D/A converter 6 process, be designated as signal a, whole demosaicing algorithm carries out in digital signal processor 7, and in digital signal processor 7, the inner functional module comprised as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 2, the signal a processed, send low resolution partial polarization angle module 11 and high-resolution to without in inclined module 12 simultaneously, n the polarization angle data fusion comprised in each polarization angle unit is a value by low resolution partial polarization angle module 11, can be averaged obtain by summation.So, in minimum period unit as shown in Figure 3, each polarization angle unit is a corresponding angle of polarization angle value just, but not eight angle of polarization angle value, therefore claim through low resolution partial polarization angle module 11 obtain based on polarization angle unit but not the image of pixel scale is low resolution partial polarization angular image.
2) in fig. 2, the high-resolution in digital signal processor 7 without inclined module 12, be used for estimating polarizer position pixel in high photosensitive micro-inclined array without inclined intensity data.
For 0 degree of polarization angle unit A in Fig. 3, high-resolution without inclined module 2 can to estimate in 0 ° of polarization unit each location of pixels in polarizer group E without inclined data value, to estimate the second row secondary series in polarizer group E, be numbered the pixel intensity value I of 22 positions
22for example, I
22=(I
12+ I
32)/2; The method of estimation of other positions is similar with it.After high-resolution is disposed without inclined module 12, the high-resolution unbiased graph picture that a width size is identical with the photosensitive micro-inclined array size of height can be obtained.
Low resolution is without inclined module 13, for obtaining high-resolution without the high-resolution unbiased graph picture exported in inclined module 12, then being respectively averaged without the summation of inclined data of estimating in each polarization angle cell position in image is obtained a value, as corresponding polarization angle unit without inclined intensity data, each like this polarization angle unit correspondence one is without inclined intensity data, and the image obtained after therefore claiming process is low resolution unbiased graph picture.This low resolution unbiased graph picture is identical with the size of the low resolution partial polarization angular image obtained by low resolution partial polarization angle module 11.
3) low resolution polarization angle differential mode block 14, for receiving low resolution partial polarization angle module 11 and the low resolution output image without inclined module 13, then, low resolution partial polarization angular image obtains the intermediate image of four width different polarization angles under the guidance of low resolution unbiased graph picture by interpolation.
The method of estimation of this intermediate image is: in order to improve the accuracy that polarization angle intermediate image is estimated, when we estimate the value of certain pixel in intermediate image, the known pixel values needing to use in this neighborhood of pixels four corresponding equal angular polarizers is with it estimated, and according to the arrangement mode of the photosensitive micro-inclined array of height, pixel to be asked can be divided into two classes, one class is that polarization angle corresponding to pixel to be asked is identical with its major-minor diagonal adjacent pixels, and the another kind of polarization angle corresponding for pixel to be asked is identical with the neighbor of its level or vertical direction.First kind situation meets our requirement, and Equations of The Second Kind situation can only be estimated by the pixel value of two on single direction, in order to reach our requirement, we take following solution: the value first estimating first kind pixel position pixel, after trying to achieve estimated value as the given value of this position to estimate the value of Equations of The Second Kind pixel position pixel.
Be example in the hope of 0 ° of polarization intermediate image, as shown in Figure 4, need to obtain in not 0 deg polarization angle unit as 22 (representing the second row secondary series position), 23 (representing the second row the 3rd column position place), 0 ° of value that 24 (representing the second row the 4th column position place) position is corresponding.In Fig. 4, each square frame represents the pixel at low resolution unbiased graph picture and low resolution partial polarization angular image two width image same position place, and the I in square frame represents this position without inclined intensity level, I0, I45, I135 represent 0 degree of this position respectively, 45 degree, the value of 135 degree of polarization angles.
Step 1, in the hope of being numbered 0 ° of value I0 at 22 places
22for example, concrete grammar is as follows:
1.1) first calculate the gradient (Cgrad) in leading diagonal direction (Lgrad) and counter-diagonal direction, I representative is without inclined intensity level:
Lgrad＝|I
11-I
33|+|2*I
22-I
11-I
33|，
Cgrad＝|I
13-I
31|+|2*I
22-I
13-I
31|，
1.2) pixel value of required location of pixels in different diagonal is calculated:
LI0
22＝(I0
11+I0
33)/2+(2*I
22-I
11-I
33)/2，
CI0
22＝(I0
13+I0
31)/2+(2*I
22-I
13-I
31)/2，
1.3) the threshold value T that the value first step calculated sets with experience compares, and determines required pixel value:
IfMAX(Lgrad，Cgrad)<T，
I0
22＝(LI0
22+CI0
22)，
elseifLgrad<Cgrad，
I0
22＝LI0
22，
Else，
I0
22＝CI0
22，
End。
Then according to estimating that the value obtained is in off-diagonal direction, i.e. horizontal and vertical direction, estimates the value of corresponding disappearance angle.
Step 2, being 23 places in the hope of the second row the 3rd column number, 0 ° of value is example, and concrete grammar is as follows:
2.1) gradient on calculated level direction (Hgrad) and vertical direction (Vgrad) is first distinguished:
Hgrad＝|I
22-I
24|+|2*I
23-I
22-I
24|，
Vgrad＝|I
13-I
33|+|2*I
23-I
13-I
33|，
2.2) pixel value of location of pixels required by difference calculated level vertical direction:
HI0
23＝(I0
22+I0
24)/2+(2*I
23-I
22-I
24)/2，
VI0
23＝(I0
13+I0
33)/2+(2*I
23-I
13-I
33)/2，
2.3) the threshold value T that the value first step calculated sets with experience compares, and determines required pixel value:
IfMAX(Hgrad，Vgrad)<T，
I0
23＝(HI0
23+VI0
23),
elseifHgrad<Vgrad，
I0
23＝HI0
23，
Else，
I0
23＝VI0
23，
End。
Can try to achieve 0 ° of pixel value of every other location of pixels except the pixel of array outermost layer position like this, we can obtain other three angles 45 ° similarly, the pixel value of 90 ° and 135 °.
Wherein, I is without inclined intensity level, and I0, I45, I90 and I135 are respectively 0 degree, 45 degree, 90 degree and 135 degree of angle of polarization angle value; Without the position of footmark (xy) represent pixel in the inclined intensity level I lower right corner, x represent pixel place line number, y represent pixel place columns; L and C represents leading diagonal and counter-diagonal direction respectively, H and V represents horizontal direction and vertical direction respectively, so LI0
22represent 0 degree of angle of polarization angle value that the second row secondary series leading diagonal direction estimates.
After obtaining low resolution partial polarization angle intermediate image, then in the intermediate image of the four width different polarization angles obtained, deduct low resolution unbiased graph picture, so just obtain low resolution polarization angle difference image.
4) by low resolution polarization angle difference image input high-resolution polarization angle differential mode block 15, make the size of the photosensitive micro-inclined array of itself and height identical through bilinear interpolation, up-sampling technology, the high-resolution differential seat angle image size obtained after being finally disposed is identical without the image exported in inclined module 12 with high-resolution.
5) high-resolution final image module 16 be input as the image that high-resolution exports without inclined module 12 and high-resolution polarization angle differential mode block 15, by suing for peace to high-resolution differential seat angle image and high-resolution unbiased graph picture, obtain final high-definition picture b, show in the image display 8 then high-definition picture b is sent to.
The present invention is directed to the demosaicing method of the micro-inclined Array Design of high photosensitive micro-inclined array, solve the micro-inclined array that existing demosaicing method is only applicable to traditional arrangement model, the problem of high photosensitive micro-inclined array can not be directly applied to; Take full advantage of the characteristic of high photosensitive polarization arrays, utilization estimates required gradient information when recovering polarization data without the data that deviation lens collects, possess again the advantage of the micro-inclined array demosaicing of tradition simultaneously, namely utilize information as much as possible in neighborhood to estimate the data lacked.The above two kinds of means of associating are to ensure the accuracy finally obtaining polarization information as much as possible.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is applied to the demosaicing method of high photosensitive micro-inclined array, it is characterized in that, photosensitive for height micro-inclined array (3) is fixedly installed on the side of imageing sensor (4) near incident light (1), the view data obtained is sent to digital signal processor (7) by imageing sensor (4), and carries out the process of view data demosaicing according to following steps:
Step 1, for the view data collected by high photosensitive micro-inclined array (3) and imageing sensor (4), the polarization angle data of wherein each polarization angle unit are fused into a value respectively, obtain a width low resolution partial polarization angular image;
Step 2, estimate polarization angle position pixel in high photosensitive micro-inclined array without inclined intensity data, obtain high-resolution unbiased graph picture;
Again by each polarization angle unit of high-resolution unbiased graph picture, a value is obtained by being averaging without inclined intensity data of estimating, as corresponding polarization angle unit without inclined strength values, carry out same process within the scope of whole array, namely obtain a width low resolution unbiased graph picture;
Step 3, the low resolution partial polarization angular image will obtained through step 1, under the guidance processing the low resolution unbiased graph picture obtained through step 2, the intermediate image of four width different polarization angles is obtained by interpolation, and then low resolution unbiased graph picture is deducted in four the low resolution partial polarization angle figure obtained, namely obtain fourth officer low resolution polarization angle difference image;
Step 4, the fourth officer low resolution polarization angle difference image will obtained through step 3, through the processing method of bilinear interpolation, up-sampling, obtain a panel height resolution angle difference image;
Step 5, the high-resolution differential seat angle image obtained through step 4 and the high-resolution unbiased graph picture obtained through step 2 to be sued for peace, finally obtain the high-definition picture of fourth officer different polarization angle, namely complete the demosaicing process of original image;
Wherein, the photosensitive micro-inclined array (3) of described height comprises several minimum period unit compact arranged successively, each described minimum period unit includes the polarization unit of four different polarization angles, described four different polarization angles are respectively 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° or 135 °, and the eyeglass of the polarization unit described in each comprises several polarizers (I) and without deviation lens (II).
2. demosaicing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, is the setting that is staggered without deviation lens and polarizer in each described polarization unit.
3. demosaicing method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described without deviation lens or polarizer, respectively along level, vertical or cornerwise direction continuous arrangement.
4. as the demosaicing method in claims 1 to 3 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, in described step 1, by the polarization angle data of each polarization angle unit, be fused into a value respectively by the method for averaging.
5. as the demosaicing method in claims 1 to 3 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, in described step 2, described low resolution unbiased graph picture is identical with the size of the low resolution partial polarization angular image obtained by step 1.
6. as the demosaicing method in claims 1 to 3 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, in described step 3, in described intermediate image, the method for estimation of pixel a certain to be asked is: according to the known pixel values of four corresponding equal angular polarizers with it in the neighborhood of pixel to be asked, the numerical value of pixel to be asked described in estimating, wherein, described in four, pixel to be asked is divided into two classes, first kind pixel to be asked, the polarization angle of its correspondence is identical with its major-minor diagonal adjacent pixels, Equations of The Second Kind pixel to be asked, the polarization angle of its correspondence is identical with the neighbor of its level or vertical direction.
7. demosaicing method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the method of estimation of Equations of The Second Kind pixel to be asked is, first the value of first kind pixel position pixel is estimated, using the given value of the estimated value of first kind pixel position pixel as this position, estimate the value of Equations of The Second Kind pixel position pixel.
8. as the demosaicing method in claims 1 to 3 as described in any one, it is characterized in that, in described step 4, described high-resolution differential seat angle image is identical with the size of the high-resolution unbiased graph picture by obtaining in step 2.
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| CN111664943A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-09-15 | 西北工业大学 | Manufacturing method of polarization detector with split focal plane and orthogonal polarization image acquisition method |
| CN112788314A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-05-11 | 西北工业大学深圳研究院 | Polarization demosaicing method based on edge change induction |
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| CN102749720A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-10-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Depolarization beam splitting system based on prisms and bandpass filters |
| CN103293756A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-11 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display processing device, system and method |
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| WO2008149489A1 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Panasonic Corporation | Image processing device |
| CN102749720A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-10-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Depolarization beam splitting system based on prisms and bandpass filters |
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| CN112788314A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-05-11 | 西北工业大学深圳研究院 | Polarization demosaicing method based on edge change induction |
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