CN105553627B - It is a kind of that quickly persistently m data validations etc. stop wireless sensor network data transmission method - Google Patents
It is a kind of that quickly persistently m data validations etc. stop wireless sensor network data transmission method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105553627B CN105553627B CN201610073447.0A CN201610073447A CN105553627B CN 105553627 B CN105553627 B CN 105553627B CN 201610073447 A CN201610073447 A CN 201610073447A CN 105553627 B CN105553627 B CN 105553627B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- data
- node
- data transmission
- base station
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000013502 data validation Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000008694 Humulus lupulus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1806—Go-back-N protocols
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of m data validations etc. that quickly continue to stop wireless sensor network data transmission method, this method utilizes the energy of the node far from base station not being consumed, so that sending m data apart from the node of base station farther out, the reliability of data transmission is improved, while ensure that network life；Since the probability that data packet fails after continuous m times sends is less than the probability only once sent, success during the m data that thus data packet can be with big probability in the first round are sent, it is retransmitted without repeatedly time-out, it is thus possible to reduce data transfer delay, improve network data collection speed.The mentality of designing of this method and the multiple direction for sending data capacity consumption more in conventional thinking are completely different, the remaining big energy of conventional method wireless sensor network interior joint is cleverly utilized, to undertake the task of transmission data more times, while accelerating data transmission, it is ensured that the reliability of data transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wireless network data transmission, and particularly relates to a method for rapidly and continuously confirming m data and stopping wireless sensor network data transmission.
Background
The wireless sensor network is a wireless network formed by a plurality of sensor nodes which are communicated with each other through a multi-hop wireless link in a self-organizing and multi-hop mode, can be widely applied to various special environments and applications such as industrial monitoring, agriculture, civil use, environmental monitoring, battlefields, oceans, fires and the like, and is considered to be one of key basic technologies of future important internet of things. Several key issues exist in wireless sensor network research as follows:
(1) how to guarantee the reliability of data transmission. The wireless sensor network is wireless transmission, and the wireless network is characterized by being interfered by environment and among nodes, and the transmission link is far worse than that of a wired network due to the inherent transmission error rate and the inherent exchange rate, and the packet loss rate of the wireless sensor network for data transmission is as high as 10% to 30% generally. The error rate is higher than that of a wired network by several orders of magnitude, so that the success rate of point-to-point transmission is greatly reduced;
(2) how to reduce the delay of the wireless sensor network transmission. The delay of wireless transmission is several times higher relative to wired networks. The main reason is that the reliability of wireless transmission is low, and in order to ensure the reliability of data transmission, the most important currently adopted method is a retransmission mechanism, and the basic reason is that when a receiver receives a data packet of a sender, an ACK message for confirming the receipt of the data packet is returned. If the receiving side receives the acknowledgement ACK message, the sending of the next data packet is continued, otherwise, the data packet is retransmitted after waiting for the predetermined timeout time, and thus the process may be retransmitted many times, and the delay of data transmission is large.
(3) The problem of network lifetime of wireless sensor networks. The wireless sensor network node is generally simple in structure and low in cost, can be deployed in a large scale, and is generally provided with a battery as an energy source, so how to effectively utilize energy to prolong the service life of the network is one of important research subjects of the wireless sensor network. Generally, data transmission is the most dominant energy consumption of a node. Therefore, two main ways to improve the service life of the network are to reduce the data transmission of the nodes and to reasonably utilize the energy of the network.
At present, no data transmission protocol is proposed particularly for a wireless sensor network, and a Wait-and-Wait Automatic Repeat-reQuest (SW-ARQ) protocol is a network retransmission protocol proposed for overcoming the bit error rate of the network.
The SW-ARQ protocol is currently one of the most used data transmission protocols in wireless sensor networks. Compared with other protocols, the method has the advantages of simple structure, minimum requirement on network environment and easy implementation. However, the SW-ARQ protocol works well in wired networks with very low bit error rates, but has some problems in wireless networks with packet loss rates as high as 10% to 30%. As shown in fig. 1: the SW-ARQ protocol adopts a strategy that after each data packet is sent, the receiving party waits for an ACK message for confirming the receipt of the data packet to return, and if the ACK message is not received, the overtime is important. I.e., waiting for a relatively long expected period of time after sending the packet without receiving an ACK, the packet is retransmitted, either until an ACK message is received confirming receipt of the packet, or the transmission of the packet is aborted beyond a predetermined maximum number of retransmissions. But the main problem with this approach is that the network delay is very large. Because each critical issue requires waiting for a timeout, multiple critical issues can cause data transfer to be delayed significantly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rapid data transmission method for a wireless sensor network with continuous m data confirmation and wait-stop functions, which solves the problems of large data delay and low network service life under an SW-ARQ protocol during data transmission in the wireless sensor network by utilizing nodes far away from a base station to transmit data packets more frequently.
A fast data transmission method of a continuous m data confirmation wait stop wireless sensor network continuously transmits each data packet m times during the first data transmission according to the abundance degree of node energy, wherein m is more than or equal to 1, if a receiver successfully receives the data packet, an ACK is returned to the sender, and the sender finishes transmitting the current data packet; if the receiver can not successfully receive the data packets once after the sender sends the data packets m times, the sender adopts a single-data-packet single-ACK equal-stop data transmission method for waiting for ACK confirmation information sent by the receiver every time the sender sends one data packet in the following sending process.
Node i continuously transmits m at the first data transmissioniSub, miThe following conditions should be satisfied:
wherein,andrespectively, m denotes the continuous transmission at the first data transmissioniUnder the protocol of the secondary data, the number of data packets sent and received by the node i,andrespectively representing the number of ACKs sent and received by the node i,andrespectively representing node reception andthe energy consumption of sending a data packet,andrespectively representing the energy consumption of the node for receiving and sending an ACK;andrespectively representing the number of data packets sent and received by the node i under the SW-ARQ protocol,andrespectively represents the number of ACK sent and received by the node i under the SW-ARQ protocol, AiAnd (delta) represents the maximum sending times calculated by the node i according to the reliability required by data transmission, kappa is the total number of the nodes in the wireless sensor network, p represents the probability of the node successfully sending data, the value range is 60-95%, and delta is the set data transmission reliability.
If a packet is retransmitted beyond this value, retransmission is not attempted, but transmission of the packet is aborted. Because the node energy of the far sink is too much, miThe value can be very large, but if m isiThe maximum value is very large, and cannot be increased infinitely because reliability cannot be improved and the delay is increased instead. Thus A isi(δ) is a maximum number of transmissions calculated according to the required reliability of the data transfer. That is, when the data packets are repeatedly transmitted, if one data packet is bad, the data packet is not successful after being transmitted 1000 times. If 100000 times of transmission are possible and unsuccessful, the transmission is not performed, and a smaller upper bound is selected; for example, 10 times are enough, and 1000 times are not needed. The data packet repeatedly sent for many times cannot be transmittedThe probability of arrival is extremely small, and it is not necessary to test each packet 1000 times for such a small probability of occurrence, and the transmission of the packet is abandoned if 10 times are reached.
When the hop count between the node and the base station is 1-16 hops, the value of m is 1; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 17-21 hops, the value of m is 2; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 22-25 hops, the value of m is 3; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 26-28 hops, the value of m is 4; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 29-30 hops, the value of m is 5; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 31 or 32 hops, the value of m is 6; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 33 hops, the value of m is 8; and when the hop count between the node and the base station is 34-40 hops, the value of m is 9.
In the present invention, data transmission is performed in a manner as shown in fig. 4, in which a transmitting side retransmits m data packets (identical data packets) at the same time when transmitting for the first time, and then a receiving side returns an ACK for each received data packet. After m data packets are sent for the first time, if no ACK is received yet. The sender then waits for the reception of an ACK message each time a data packet is sent, i.e. the data transfer scheme used at this time is the same as the SW-ARQ protocol. Since m data packets are retransmitted for the first time, only m data packets are unsuccessfully transmitted at the same time and then continue to be transmitted, and since the probability that m data packets are unsuccessful at the same time is much lower than that of the SW-ARQ protocol, the data transmission of the present invention has a high probability of being successful in the first stage transmission, thereby reducing the transmission delay (see the timing sequence of fig. 2).
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a method for rapidly and continuously confirming m data and waiting to stop wireless sensor network data transmission, which utilizes the unconsumed energy of a node far away from a base station to ensure that the node far away from the base station sends data for m times, improves the reliability of data transmission and ensures the service life of a network; because the probability that the data packet cannot be successfully transmitted for m continuous times is less than that of one-time transmission, the data packet can be successfully transmitted for m first-time data transmission with high probability without overtime retransmission for multiple times, thereby reducing data transmission delay and improving the network data collection speed. The design of the method is completely different from the conventional thought in the research direction of more energy consumption of data transmission, a data transmission protocol model of returning an ACK after transmitting a data packet in the past strategy is changed, and in the original model, because the energy of a near sink region of a wireless sensor network is tense, a far sink region has a large amount of energy surplus. On the other hand, if the node continues to repeat transmitting the same packet m times without waiting for the receiver ACK to return when transmitting data, it is possible to reduce the delay of data transmission and improve the reliability of data transmission, but this time, it is necessary to consume more energy. Therefore, in the invention, the transmission delay is reduced by adopting a mode of transmitting a plurality of data packets for the first time for the nodes in the area with surplus energy, and the mode of waiting for ACK return after transmitting one data packet is still adopted for the area with energy shortage, so that the network reliability can be improved by reducing the data transmission delay without influencing the service life of the network. A large number of nodes which are not consumed in the conventional network are skillfully utilized to undertake the task of transmitting data for many times, so that the data transmission is accelerated, and the reliability of the data transmission is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a timing diagram of data transmission for an S-W ARQ protocol;
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of data transfer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the setting of the number m of data transmissions to a node by applying the method of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of node singleton delay using the method of the present invention and other methods.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A fast data transmission method of a continuous m data confirmation wait stop wireless sensor network continuously transmits each data packet m times during the first data transmission according to the abundance degree of node energy, wherein m is more than or equal to 1, if a receiver successfully receives the data packet, an ACK is returned to the sender, and the sender finishes transmitting the current data packet; if the receiver can not successfully receive the data packets once after the sender sends the data packets m times, the sender adopts a single-data-packet single-ACK equal-stop data transmission method for waiting for ACK confirmation information sent by the receiver every time the sender sends one data packet in the following sending process.
Node i continuously transmits m at the first data transmissioniSub, miThe following conditions should be satisfied:
wherein,andrespectively, m denotes the continuous transmission at the first data transmissioniUnder the protocol of the secondary data, the number of data packets sent and received by the node i,andrespectively representing the number of ACKs sent and received by the node i,andrepresenting the energy consumption of a node to receive and transmit a packet respectively,andrespectively representing the energy consumption of the node for receiving and sending an ACK;andrespectively representing the number of data packets sent and received by the node i under the SW-ARQ protocol,andrespectively representing the number A of the ACKs sent and received by the node i under the SW-ARQ protocoliAnd (delta) represents the maximum sending frequency calculated by the node i according to the reliability required by data transmission, kappa is the total number of the nodes in the wireless sensor network, p represents the probability of the node successfully sending data, the value range is 60-95%, and delta is the set data transmission reliability.
When the hop count between the node and the base station is 1-16 hops, the value of m is 1; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 17-21 hops, the value of m is 2; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 22-25 hops, the value of m is 3; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 26-28 hops, the value of m is 4; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 29-30 hops, the value of m is 5; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 31 or 32 hops, the value of m is 6; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 33 hops, the value of m is 8; and when the hop count between the node and the base station is 34-40 hops, the value of m is 9.
In this embodiment, the method of the present invention is referred to as an adaptive persistent m data packet retransmission protocol (APMD), which is referred to as an APMD protocol for short.
Since the aim of the APMD protocol is to reduce the delay of data transmission of the original SW-ARQ protocol, experimental comparison is carried out on the transmission delay.
Fig. 3 shows m values selected by each node under the APMD protocol, where δ represents reliability of data transmission in the wireless sensor network, and the node numbers are nodes whose hop counts are from large to small from the node distance sink, and are sequentially numbered from 1, for example, the node with the largest hop count between the distance sink is numbered with 1; when the hop count between the node distances sink is 1, the node number is 1, and 3 cases exist for obtaining the value of m from fig. 3:
(1) in the APMD protocol, the m value selected by the node close to Sink is 1.
When m is 1, it is the SW-ARQ protocol. In the APMD protocol, a SW-ARQ protocol is adopted in a near Sink area. The purpose of this is because the near Sink region nodes are high in energy consumption, and selecting m to 1 is the most energy-saving transmission method.
(2) And m rises fast in the area, and the value of m rises fast at the node in the area.
(3) And m is a stable region with the largest value. The m value of the node in this area takes a larger value, for example, when p is 0.7 and m is 9, the success rate of data transmission is 0.99998, which is already very close to 1, and increasing the m value makes no sense to increase the success rate of data transmission, which may increase the system load.
In the case of the selected m value of the node, fig. 4 shows the comparison result of the single-hop delay of the data transmission of the node i under the SW-ARQ and APMD protocols, which can be obtained from the experimental results:
(1) in the SW-ARQ protocol, the closer a node is to Sink, the smaller the single-hop delay of the node is. The reliability of data arriving at the Sink is delta, the reliability of data transmission to the Sink is the product of the reliability of each hop of the route transmitted to the Sink, and the nodes far away from the Sink need more hops to transmit to the Sink, so that the reliability of data arriving at the Sink can be guaranteed to be delta only when each hop of the nodes is required to transmit forwards with higher reliability. Nodes closer to Sink need larger maximum and expected retransmission times, thus causing larger delay.
(2) For the APMD protocol, the delay is small for the near Sink and large for the far Sink because the near Sink adopts the same m value as the SW-ARQ protocol. However, since the far Sink region node adopts a large m value, the delay is small when the m value is larger, and in the experimental result of fig. 4, the single-hop delay of the far Sink region node is far smaller than that of the SW-ARQ protocol. The conclusion that the single-hop delay of the APMD protocol is not larger than that of the SW-ARQ protocol in the single delay of all the nodes can be obtained from the experimental result, namely, the APMD protocol provided by the invention can effectively reduce the data transmission delay.
Claims (2)
1. A rapid data transmission method of a wireless sensor network with continuous m data confirmation and equal stop is characterized in that each data packet is continuously sent for m times during first data sending according to the abundance degree of node energy, wherein m is more than or equal to 1, if a receiver successfully receives the data packet, an ACK is returned to the sender, and the sender finishes sending the current data packet; if the receiver can not successfully receive the data packets once after the sender sends the data packets m times, the sender adopts a single-data-packet single-ACK equal-stop data transmission method for waiting for ACK confirmation information sent by the receiver every time the sender sends one data packet in the following sending process;
node i continuously transmits m at the first data transmissioniSub, miThe following conditions should be satisfied:
mi≤Ai(δ)
wherein,andrespectively, m denotes the continuous transmission at the first data transmissioniUnder the protocol of the secondary data, the number of data packets sent and received by the node i,andrespectively representing the number of ACKs sent and received by the node i,andrepresenting the energy consumption of a node to receive and transmit a packet respectively,andrespectively representing the energy consumption of the node for receiving and sending an ACK;andrespectively representing the number of data packets sent and received by the node i under the SW-ARQ protocol,andrespectively represents the number of ACK sent and received by the node i under the SW-ARQ protocol, Ai(delta) represents the maximum number of transmissions that node i calculates in terms of the reliability required for data transfer,kappa is the total number of nodes in the wireless sensor network, p represents the probability of successfully sending data by the nodes, the value range is 60-95%, and delta is the set data transmission reliability.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein when the hop count between the node and the base station is 1-16 hops, m takes a value of 1; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 17-21 hops, the value of m is 2; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 22-25 hops, the value of m is 3; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 26-28 hops, the value of m is 4; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 29-30 hops, the value of m is 5; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 31 or 32 hops, the value of m is 6; when the hop count between the node and the base station is 33 hops, the value of m is 8; and when the hop count between the node and the base station is 34-40 hops, the value of m is 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610073447.0A CN105553627B (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | It is a kind of that quickly persistently m data validations etc. stop wireless sensor network data transmission method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610073447.0A CN105553627B (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | It is a kind of that quickly persistently m data validations etc. stop wireless sensor network data transmission method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105553627A CN105553627A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
| CN105553627B true CN105553627B (en) | 2018-09-14 |
Family
ID=55832579
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610073447.0A Expired - Fee Related CN105553627B (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | It is a kind of that quickly persistently m data validations etc. stop wireless sensor network data transmission method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105553627B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109819377B (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2020-12-29 | 恒玄科技(上海)股份有限公司 | Signal transmission method of wireless earphone and wireless earphone system |
| CN109995478B (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2022-02-18 | 恒玄科技(上海)股份有限公司 | Audio transmission method and audio playing system |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101404622A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-04-08 | 重庆邮电大学 | Wireless internet congestion control method based on multi-path load balancing and controller thereof |
| CN101841469A (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2010-09-22 | 北京创毅视讯科技有限公司 | Data transmitting method, system and device in Internet of things |
| CN103973423A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-08-06 | 中南大学 | Automatic single-data multi-confirmation send-and-wait repeat-request method of wireless sensor network |
-
2016
- 2016-02-02 CN CN201610073447.0A patent/CN105553627B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101404622A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-04-08 | 重庆邮电大学 | Wireless internet congestion control method based on multi-path load balancing and controller thereof |
| CN101841469A (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2010-09-22 | 北京创毅视讯科技有限公司 | Data transmitting method, system and device in Internet of things |
| CN103973423A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-08-06 | 中南大学 | Automatic single-data multi-confirmation send-and-wait repeat-request method of wireless sensor network |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 无线传感器网络SW-ARQ协议的研究与改进;张德宇;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》;20130115;第6章第6.2小节 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105553627A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106559739B (en) | Lightweight data transmission method suitable for Bluetooth low-power wireless communication system | |
| US7673211B2 (en) | Automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol having multiple complementary feedback mechanisms | |
| CN102217258B (en) | Detection processing method, data sending terminal, data receiver and communication system | |
| US9143450B2 (en) | Communication system and method for assisting with the transmission of TCP packets | |
| CN101982944B (en) | Method for underwater acoustic sensor network Aloha protocol | |
| US20070076739A1 (en) | Method and system for providing acknowledged broadcast and multicast communication | |
| CN102333344B (en) | Adaptive error control method applied to wireless sensor network | |
| CN1823489A (en) | Packet retransmission for mimo systems using multipath transmission | |
| CN101795170A (en) | Method, receiving equipment and system for realizing data feedback | |
| CN101662798B (en) | Method for wireless sensor network to invite retransmission with low power consumption and device thereof | |
| CN105553627B (en) | It is a kind of that quickly persistently m data validations etc. stop wireless sensor network data transmission method | |
| CN103973423A (en) | Automatic single-data multi-confirmation send-and-wait repeat-request method of wireless sensor network | |
| CN102208962A (en) | Wireless data transmission method | |
| CN102497315B (en) | Deep space file transmission method based on multipath | |
| CN101969432A (en) | Random backoff based control method of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) congestion window | |
| Biswas et al. | On-demand reliable medium access in sensor networks | |
| CN101888668A (en) | Method for shortening time delay in Mesh network | |
| CN105228181B (en) | A kind of method, AP and system based on AP optimization TCP connections | |
| CN108650258B (en) | Self-adaptive method for AM entity data transmission of narrow-band Internet of things wireless link protocol sublayer | |
| Braun et al. | Energy-efficient TCP operation in wireless sensor networks | |
| CN102595513B (en) | A kind of based on retransmitting the method and system triggering coordinated multipoint transmission | |
| CN109391675B (en) | Reliable transmission method applied to WSN (Wireless sensor network) from sink node to sensor node | |
| CN108667567B (en) | Low-overhead reliable transmission retransmission algorithm for spacecraft | |
| Zhang et al. | Performance evaluation of reliable and unreliable opportunistic flooding in wireless sensor network | |
| De et al. | Channel adaptive stop-and-wait automatic repeat request protocols for short-range wireless links |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180914 Termination date: 20200202 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |