CN105553585B - The construction method and device of the large-scale decline model of multiaerial system - Google Patents
The construction method and device of the large-scale decline model of multiaerial system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An embodiment of the present invention provides the construction methods and device of a kind of large-scale decline model of multiaerial system.The construction method of the large-scale decline model of the multiaerial system, including：According to the communication environments of multiaerial system and the area coverage of current cellular system, to choose reference position；According to the reference position, obtain each array element in the aerial array of the multiaerial system and leave angle compared with each user antenna of the multiaerial system；According to reference position and the ratio for leaving angle, generating between the transmission power of each array element and the reception power of each user antenna of each array element；According to the ratio received between power of the transmission power of each array element and each user antenna, the large-scale decline matrix of multiaerial system is generated；According to the channel matrix of multiaerial system and the large-scale decline matrix, the cascade fading channel matrix of the multiaerial system is generated.The present invention provides a kind of more accurate channel fading model.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology fields, and in particular to a kind of structure of the large-scale decline model of multiaerial system
It builds.
Background technology
In the case where radio resource day is becoming tight, large-scale multi-antenna system uses multiple antenna, with traditional Dan Tian
Linear system system compare, can further excavated space domain gain, significantly promoted wireless communication system transmission capacity and power imitate
Rate.And large-scale multi-antenna system can provide diversity gain or spatial multiplexing gain in corresponding communication environments, effectively improve
The reliability or validity of communication system.The basis that radio channel information is communication systems is obtained exactly, it is logical
Link level simulation, prototype test and the standard formulation of letter system provide theoretical foundation and technical support.
In order to assess the performance of large-scale multi-antenna system exactly, it is necessary to build accurate channel model.Channel
Large scale parameter in model reflects the prediction of wireless signal mean receiving power in the range of certain distance, describes hair
Penetrate the variation of signal strength upper over long distances between machine and receiver.In large-scale multi-antenna system, either base station end is not
The antenna of same bay or user terminal, the signal strength that each antenna receives are different.The difference of this signal strength,
The path loss and shadow effect of radio wave propagation are mostly come from, and ultimately forms large-scale decline channel matrix, matrix system
Count feature most influences the transmission capacity of large-scale multi-antenna system at last.
In large-scale decline channel, the main decline for including two aspects：On the one hand be path loss, path loss be by
The variation of power is received caused by propagation distance, logarithmic model can be usually built up in Channel Modeling；On the other hand it is shade
Decline, shadow fading are due to the variation there are shelter or due to peripheral reflection object between sending and receiving end, cause to receive termination
The signal received random fluctuation within the specific limits.
When channel model is built, usually two kinds of fading models above can be configured to Lognormal shadowing mould
Type is as follows：
PL (r)=10n log10(r)+AdB+XdB；
Wherein, n is path loss index, describes index variation trend of the propagation loss with distance, the parameter and communication environments
It is directly related, AdBIt is point of cut-off, gain damage and the light velocity by working frequency, the selection of reference distance, antenna and cable
Etc. determining.XdBIt is normal state shade stochastic variable.Most common shadow model is Lognormal shadowing model.
When reference distance is r0When, path loss is represented by
PL (r)=PL (r0)+10n log10(r/r0)+XdB；
Wherein, PL (r0) can be r by sending and receiving end spacing0Shi Shiji measurements are learnt.
In the prior art, the channel matrix of large-scale multi-antenna system can tie up matrix by a M × K and represent, as follows：
Wherein, G includes multipath fading and large-scale decline characteristic, by multipath fading matrix HM×KAnd large-scale decline
Matrix DK×KCascade composition, M is base-station antenna array number, and K is total number of users amount.
In previous research, the influence of large-scale decline is typically ignored or is reduced to constant, for example, usually assuming that
State large-scale decline matrix D=IKThe unit matrix of dimension (K × K) or large-scale decline matrix D diagonal matrix, i.e., only consider user and
Power attenuation between array antenna, and the influence without considering large-scale decline on aerial array.However from the whole of aerial array
It is seen on body, since the size of antenna is larger, the channel of all array element experience will be unsatisfactory for smooth performance, i.e., mutually from antenna farther out
Array element is likely to be received the incidence wave for coming from different anti-/ scattering, causes its large-scale decline characteristic present and non-stationary is special
Property.For example, 128 slave antenna linear array lengths during frequency range 1.4725G are up to about 13 meters, the battle array at aerial array both ends at this time
Member possibly is present at the propagation regions of different characteristics.Therefore, in terms of from aerial array distalmost end to most proximal end array element, array element experienced
Different large-scale declines, and the variation of channel statistical fading characteristic is also larger.
Most of propagation models are combined to generate by analyzing and testing.Experimental method based on suitable curve come
It is fitted a series of measurement data.Its advantage is that all factors of transmission are considered by actual measurement, including known
With it is unknown.However the model obtained under certain definite frequency and fixed environment, under other conditions using whether just
Really, can only establish on the basis of new test data.With the progress measured with research, there is being used in advance for some classics
Survey the model of large-scale decline.In the model, the decibel value of path loss is obtained with receiving power difference according to transmission power, is had
Body is：Path loss (dB) is usually represented by the difference of sending and receiving end power, as follows：
PL (r)=PT|dBm-PR|dBm
=10n log10(r)+AdB+XdB
When reference distance is r0When, path loss is represented by：
PL (r)=PL (r0)+10n log10(r/r0)+XdB。
Wherein, transmission range r, path loss index n, shadow fading XdB。
The content of the invention
The embodiment provides the construction method and device of a kind of large-scale decline model of multiaerial system, energy
Enough build a kind of more accurate channel fading model.
To achieve these goals, this invention takes following technical solutions.
On the one hand, a kind of construction method of the large-scale decline model of multiaerial system is provided, including：
Step 1 according to the communication environments of multiaerial system and the area coverage of current cellular system, chooses reference position；
Step 2 obtains in the aerial array of the multiaerial system each array element compared with each of the multiaerial system
A user antenna leaves angle；
Step 3, according to the transmitting left angle, generate each array element of the reference position and each array element
The ratio received between power of power and each user antenna；
Step 4, according to the transmission power of each array element and the ratio received between power of each user antenna
Value generates the large-scale decline matrix of the multiaerial system；
Step 5 according to the channel matrix of the multiaerial system and the large-scale decline matrix, generates described more days
The cascade fading channel matrix of linear system system.
When using first array element in the aerial array as with reference to position, the step 3 is specially according to following
Formula calculates：
Wherein, r0kThe reference distance for being reference position with k-th of user antenna, ηmkFor m-th of array element transmission power with
The ratio received between power of kth user antenna；M is the sequence number of array element；K is the sequence number of user antenna；XdBFor shadow fading
Item λ is wavelength；r1kIt is the 1st array element the distance between with k-th user antenna；αukIt is that u-th of array element is used compared with k-th
Family antenna leaves angle.
The step 4 is specially：
Wherein,For the large-scale decline matrix of multiaerial system.
The step 5 is specially：
Wherein, operator ο represents Hadamard products, and G is the cascade fading channel matrix of multiaerial system；HM×KFor more days
The multipath fading matrix of linear system system；For the large-scale decline matrix of multiaerial system；M is the antenna of multiaerial system
The array element total quantity of array；K is the total number of users amount of multiaerial system.
On the other hand, a kind of construction device of the large-scale decline model of multiaerial system is provided, including：
Position acquisition unit according to the communication environments of multiaerial system and the area coverage of current cellular system, chooses ginseng
Examine position；
Angle acquiring unit determines that each array element is compared with the multiple antennas system in the aerial array of the multiaerial system
Each user antenna of system leaves angle；
First generation unit according to the angle of leaving of the reference position and each array element, generates each array element
Transmission power and each user antenna receive power between ratio；
Second generation unit, according to the reception power of the transmission power of each array element and each user antenna it
Between ratio, generate the large-scale decline matrix of the multiaerial system；
3rd generation unit according to the channel matrix of the multiaerial system and the large-scale decline matrix, obtains institute
State the cascade fading channel matrix of multiaerial system.
When using first array element in the aerial array as with reference to position, first generation unit is specially：
Second generation unit is specially：
Wherein,For the large-scale decline matrix of multiaerial system.
3rd generation unit is specially：
Wherein, operator ο represents Hadamard products, and G is the cascade fading channel matrix of multiaerial system；HM×KFor more days
The multipath fading matrix of linear system system；For the large-scale decline matrix of multiaerial system；M is the antenna of multiaerial system
The array element total quantity of array；K is the total number of users amount of multiaerial system.
It is capable of providing more in the embodiment of the present invention it can be seen from the technical solution provided by embodiments of the invention described above
Accurate channel fading model.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, these will become from the following description
It obtains substantially or is recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, without having to pay creative labor, other are can also be obtained according to these attached drawings
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the process flow of the construction method of the large-scale decline model of multiaerial system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the linear large-scale multi-antenna system large-scale decline model based on geometry described in application scenarios of the present invention
Construction method flow diagram；
Fig. 3 is that the geometrical model figure of the spherical wave model of the propagation path in the embodiment of the present invention (is described with geometric figure
Propagation schematic diagram between the user antenna of the aerial array of extensive multiple antennas and a random distribution；
Fig. 4 is that the geometrical model figure of the almost plane wave pattern of the propagation path in the embodiment of the present invention (uses geometric figure
Describe the propagation schematic diagram between the aerial array of extensive multiple antennas and the user antenna of a random distribution；
Fig. 5 is shown in the embodiment of the present invention, under a certain scenario parameters, using the array antenna of modeling method of the present invention
On large-scale decline situation.
Fig. 6 is the connection signal of the construction device of the large-scale decline model of multiaerial system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning
Same or similar element is represented to same or similar label eventually or there is same or like element.Below by ginseng
The embodiment for examining attached drawing description is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless expressly stated, singulative " one " used herein, " one
It is a ", " described " and "the" may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that is used in the specification of the present invention arranges
Diction " comprising " refers to there are the feature, integer, step, operation, element and/or component, but it is not excluded that presence or addition
Other one or more features, integer, step, operation, element, component and/or their group.It should be understood that when we claim member
Part is " connected " or during " coupled " to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to other elements or there may also be
Intermediary element.In addition, " connection " used herein or " coupling " can include wireless connection or coupling.Wording used herein
"and/or" includes any cell of one or more associated list items and all combines.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined all terms used herein are (including technology art
Language and scientific terminology) there is the meaning identical with the general understanding of the those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Should also
Understand, those terms such as defined in the general dictionary, which should be understood that, to be had and the meaning in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of justice, and unless defined as here, will not be with idealizing or the meaning of overly formal be explained.
For ease of the understanding to the embodiment of the present invention, done further by taking several specific embodiments as an example below in conjunction with attached drawing
Explanation, and each embodiment does not form the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the construction method of the large-scale decline model for a kind of multiaerial system of the present invention, bag
It includes：
Step 11, according to the communication environments of multiaerial system and the area coverage of current cellular system, reference position is chosen.
Step 12, each array element is obtained in the aerial array of the multiaerial system compared with each of the multiaerial system
A user antenna leaves angle；
Step 13, according to the transmitting left angle, generate each array element of the reference position and each array element
The ratio received between power of power and each user antenna；
Step 14, according to the transmission power of each array element and the ratio received between power of each user antenna
Value generates the large-scale decline matrix of the multiaerial system；
Step 15, according to the channel matrix of the multiaerial system and the large-scale decline matrix, generate described more days
The cascade fading channel matrix of linear system system.
The step 13 is specially to be calculated according to the following formula：
Wherein, PTFor the transmission power of array element；PR(r) it is the reception power of user antenna；,
XdBFor shadow fading item, the logarithm normal distribution that average is zero standard variance is obeyed,
PL(r0) path loss between reference position and m-th of bay；And assume c0It can be compensated by link budget,
Therefore, it can be deduced that the path loss η between k-th of user antenna and m-th of baymkFor
Wherein, ηmkFor the transmission power of m-th array element and the ratio received between power of kth user antenna；M is array element
Sequence number；M is the array element total quantity of the aerial array of multiaerial system；K is the sequence number of user antenna；XdBFor the moon
Shadow decline item；λ is wavelength；r1kIt is the 1st array element the distance between with k-th user antenna；αukFor u-th of array element compared with
K-th user antenna leaves angle；r0kIt is reference position the distance between with k-th user antenna.
The step 14 is specially：
Wherein,For the large-scale decline matrix of multiaerial system.
The step 15 is specially：
Wherein, operator ο represents Hadamard products, (A ο B)i,j=(A)i,j·(B)i,j, G is the cascade of multiaerial system
Fading channel matrix；HM×KFor the multipath fading matrix of multiaerial system；For the large-scale decline square of multiaerial system
Battle array；M is the array element total quantity of the aerial array of multiaerial system；K is the total number of users amount of multiaerial system.
More accurate channel mould is capable of providing it can be seen from the technical solution provided by embodiments of the invention described above
Type.
The application scenarios of the present invention are described below.
With reference to figure 2, a kind of large-scale decline mould of the linear large-scale multi-antenna system based on geometry of the present invention is shown
The flow diagram of the construction method of type, including：
Step 101, according to actual propagation environment, angle (angle of arrival) is left by sending and receiving end reference position and accordingly, determined
The approximate representation of each distance between array element and user antenna on aerial array；
The step 101 is included with lower part：
(A1) according to actual propagation environment, reference position and reference distance d are determined0；
It (A2), can be approximate by plane wave model when user terminal is in the far field of aerial array, the smaller system of antenna size
Spherical wave according to almost plane wave pattern, by reference distance and leaves angle/angle of arrival and acquires diffusion path length rm；Propagate road
Electrical path length rmFor the distance between m-th of array element and user antenna..
Above-mentioned steps are specially：According to the communication environments of multiaerial system, the area coverage of current certain cellular system, come
Reference position is chosen, the actual propagation distance between array element and user antenna can be acquired by the cosine law；According to almost plane ripple mould
Type obtains more accurate diffusion path length rm。
The geometrical model figure of propagation path shown in refer to the attached drawing 3, adjacent array element spacing distance is half-wave on array antenna
It is long.By the cosine law, each actual propagation path length between array element and user antenna on base station array antenna can be obtained
(by taking m-th of bay as an example, αmTo leave angle or angle of arrival corresponding to the array element)：
rm=((r1)2+((m-1)(λ/2))2-2r1(m-1)(λ/2)cos(αm+π/2))1/2
It is learnt by the prior art, as the array element interval d of array antennatDuring=λ/2, the linear array antenna of M array elements it is remote
Field border is R (M)=2 (M-1)2λ, when sending and receiving end, distance is more than R (M), adjacent antenna beam propagation path length difference can be approximate
For (λ/2) sin αm.It therefore, can be with plane wave model come approximate spherical wave, such as refer to the attached drawing 4 when array antenna size is smaller
It is shown.
According to almost plane wave pattern, can the accurate near of diffusion path length be obtained by the corresponding angle of array element
It is as follows like value:
r2≈r1+1·(λ/2)sinα2
r3≈r2+(λ/2)sinα3
·
·
·
rm≈rm-1+(λ/2)sinαm
According to obtained rm, by recursion, can obtain diffusion path length rmFor：
Step 102, in extensive linear antenna arrays, each array element and the path loss of user terminal are obtained.Namely
It says, determines dual-mode antenna power ratio coefficient, obtain the large-scale decline value based on geometry.
The step 102 is included with lower part：
(B1) as shown in figure 4, according to the communication environments of multiaerial system and the area coverage of current certain cellular system, choosing
Take reference position.
(B2) linear expression of path loss is worth to according to the ratio for receiving power and transmission power, obtain receive power with
The ratio of transmission power is worth to the power attenuation of each array element：
Wherein,XdBFor shadow fading item, the logarithm that average is zero standard variance is obeyed
Normal distribution, and assume c0It can be compensated by link budget.Therefore, it can be deduced that k-th of user antenna and m-th day
Path loss η between linear array membermkFor
Fig. 5 is analogous diagram of the present invention program to large-scale decline.In the Computer Simulation of the present invention, one 128 is considered
The linear antenna arrays of secondary array element and the user antenna that corresponding and first array element azimuth of array is 30 °.Wherein transverse axis
Represent element position, the longitudinal axis represents power attenuation.It can be drawn from Fig. 3, there are large-scale declines on array antenna.
Step 103, it is combined described with distance and the relevant large-scale decline model of angle with previous channel matrix,
Obtain the linear large-scale multi-antenna system large-scale decline model based on geometry.
In the prior art, the channel matrix of large-scale multi-antenna system is tieed up matrix by a M × K and is represented, as follows：
Wherein, G includes multipath fading and large-scale decline characteristic, by multipath fading matrix HM×KAnd large-scale decline
Matrix DK×KCascade composition, M is base-station antenna array number, and K is total number of users amount.
In the present invention, the step 103 includes following components：
(C1) present invention will among distance and the relevant large-scale decline model extension of angle to the model, by geometry mould
Type path loss linear ratio obtains multi-user's large-scale decline matrix D~。
(C2) by large-scale decline matrix, the cascade fading channel matrix after being expanded is
For the deficiency of existing modeling method, the present invention provides a kind of linear large-scale multi-antenna systems based on geometry
The construction method of large-scale decline model can provide more accurate channel fading modeling method, be Massive MIMO (big
Scale Multiple Input Multiple Output) formulations of communication standards provides theoretical foundation and technical support, to wireless communication system from
Design evaluation is all of great significance to standardization so that finally disposing.
As shown in fig. 6, the construction device of the large-scale decline model for a kind of multiaerial system of the present invention, bag
It includes：
Position acquisition unit 61 according to the communication environments of multiaerial system and the area coverage of current cellular system, is chosen
Reference position；
Angle acquiring unit 62 according to the reference position, determines each battle array in the aerial array of the multiaerial system
Member leaves angle compared with each user antenna of the multiaerial system；
First generation unit 63 according to the angle of leaving of the reference position and each array element, generates each battle array
The transmission power of member and the ratio received between power of each user antenna；
Second generation unit 64, according to the transmission power of each array element and the reception power of each user antenna
Between ratio, generate the large-scale decline matrix of the multiaerial system；
3rd generation unit 65 according to the channel matrix of the multiaerial system and the large-scale decline matrix, obtains
The cascade fading channel matrix of the multiaerial system.
When using first array element in the aerial array as with reference to position, first generation unit 53 is specific
For：
Wherein,XdBFor shadow fading item, the logarithm that average is zero standard variance is obeyed
Normal distribution, and assume c0It can be compensated by link budget.Therefore, it can be deduced that k-th of user antenna and m-th day
Path loss η between linear array membermkFor
Second generation unit 54 is specially：
Wherein,For the large-scale decline matrix of multiaerial system.
3rd generation unit 55 is specially：
Wherein, operator ο represents Hadamard products, (A ο B)i,j=(A)i,j·(B)i,j, G is the cascade of multiaerial system
Fading channel matrix；HM×KFor the multipath fading matrix of multiaerial system；For the large-scale decline square of multiaerial system
Battle array；M is the array element total quantity of the aerial array of multiaerial system；K is the total number of users amount of multiaerial system.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that：Attached drawing is the schematic diagram of one embodiment, module in attached drawing or
Flow is not necessarily implemented necessary to the present invention.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the present invention can
It is realized by the mode of software plus required general hardware platform.Based on such understanding, technical scheme essence
On the part that the prior art contributes can be embodied in the form of software product in other words, the computer software product
It can be stored in storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD, it is used including some instructions so that a computer equipment
(can be personal computer, server either network equipment etc.) performs some of each embodiment of the present invention or embodiment
Method described in part.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, identical similar portion between each embodiment
Point just to refer each other, and the highlights of each of the examples are difference from other examples.Especially for device or
For system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so describing fairly simple, related part is referring to method
The part explanation of embodiment.Apparatus and system embodiment described above is only schematical, wherein the conduct
The unit that separating component illustrates may or may not be it is physically separate, the component shown as unit can be or
Person may not be physical location, you can be located at a place or can also be distributed in multiple network element.It can root
Factually border needs to select some or all of module therein realize the purpose of this embodiment scheme.Ordinary skill
Personnel are without creative efforts, you can to understand and implement.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of the claims
Subject to.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of construction method of the large-scale decline model of multiaerial system, which is characterized in that including：
Step 1 according to the communication environments of multiaerial system and the area coverage of current cellular system, chooses reference position；
Step 2 obtains in the aerial array of the multiaerial system each array element compared with each use of the multiaerial system
Family antenna leaves angle；
Step 3, according to the reference position and the transmission power left angle, generate each array element of each array element
With the ratio received between power of each user antenna；
Step 4, according to the ratio received between power of the transmission power of each array element and each user antenna,
Generate the large-scale decline matrix of the multiaerial system；
Step 5 according to the channel matrix of the multiaerial system and the large-scale decline matrix, generates the multiple antennas system
The cascade fading channel matrix of system；
The step 3 is specially to be calculated according to the following formula：
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Wherein, ηmkFor the transmission power of m-th array element and the ratio received between power of kth user antenna；M is the sequence of array element
Number；M is the array element total quantity of the aerial array of multiaerial system；K is the sequence number of user antenna；XdBIt declines for shade
Fall item；λ is wavelength；r1kIt is the 1st array element the distance between with k-th user antenna；αukIt is u-th of array element compared with k-th
User antenna leaves angle；r0kIt is reference position the distance between with k-th user antenna.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step 4 is specially to be calculated according to the following formula：
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<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mn>11</mn>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mn>12</mn>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mn>...</mn>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mn>21</mn>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mn>22</mn>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mn>...</mn>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow></mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow></mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow></mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mn>...</mn>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
</mrow>
Wherein,For the large-scale decline matrix of multiaerial system, K is the number of users of multiaerial system.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the step 5 is specially：
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>H</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mi>o</mi>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>D</mi>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
</mover>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>/</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mrow>
Wherein, operator o represents Hadamard Hadamard products, and G is the cascade fading channel matrix of multiaerial system；HM×KTo be more
The multipath fading matrix of antenna system；For the large-scale decline matrix of multiaerial system；M is the day of multiaerial system
The array element total quantity of linear array；The multipath fading matrix H of the multiaerial systemM×KAccording to the channel matrix of multiaerial system
With the large-scale decline matrix of the multiaerial systemIt obtains.
4. a kind of construction device of the large-scale decline model of multiaerial system, which is characterized in that including：
Position acquisition unit according to the communication environments of multiaerial system and the area coverage of current cellular system, chooses reference bit
It puts；
Angle acquiring unit obtains in the aerial array of the multiaerial system each array element compared with the multiaerial system
Each user antenna leaves angle；
First generation unit, according to the reference position and the hair for leaving angle, generating each array element of each array element
Penetrate the ratio received between power of power and each user antenna；
Second generation unit, according between the transmission power of each array element and the reception power of each user antenna
Ratio generates the large-scale decline matrix of the multiaerial system；
3rd generation unit according to the channel matrix of the multiaerial system and the large-scale decline matrix, obtains described more
The cascade fading channel matrix of antenna system；
First generation unit is specially to be calculated according to the following formula：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>r</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>k</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</msup>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>r</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>k</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>r</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>0</mn>
<mi>k</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</msup>
<mrow>
<mi>X</mi>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>r</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>k</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<mo>(</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
<mo>/</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
<mo>)</mo>
<munderover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>u</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>m</mi>
</munderover>
<msub>
<mi>sin&alpha;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>u</mi>
<mi>k</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</msup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>,</mo>
</mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>&le;</mo>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>&le;</mo>
<mi>M</mi>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein, ηmkFor the transmission power of m-th array element and the ratio received between power of kth user antenna；M is the sequence of array element
Number；M is the array element total quantity of the aerial array of multiaerial system；K is the sequence number of user antenna；XdBIt declines for shade
Fall item；λ is wavelength；r1kIt is the 1st array element the distance between with k-th user antenna；αukIt is u-th of array element compared with k-th
User antenna leaves angle；r0kIt is reference position the distance between with k-th user antenna.
5. device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that second generation unit is specially according to the following formula meter
It calculates：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>D</mi>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
</mover>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfenced open = "[" close = "]">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mn>11</mn>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mn>12</mn>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mn>...</mn>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mn>21</mn>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mn>22</mn>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mn>...</mn>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow></mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow></mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mrow></mrow>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>.</mo>
</mtd>
</mtr>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mn>...</mn>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>&eta;</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
</mrow>
Wherein,For the large-scale decline matrix of multiaerial system, K is the total number of users amount of multiaerial system.
6. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the 3rd generation unit is specially：
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>H</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mi>o</mi>
<msup>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mover>
<mi>D</mi>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
</mover>
<mrow>
<mi>M</mi>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<mi>K</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>/</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein, operator o represents Hadamard Hadamard products；G is the cascade fading channel matrix of multiaerial system；HM×KTo be more
The multipath fading matrix of antenna system；For the large-scale decline matrix of multiaerial system；M is the day of multiaerial system
The array element total quantity of linear array；The multipath fading matrix H of the multiaerial systemM×KAccording to the channel matrix of multiaerial system
With the large-scale decline matrix of the multiaerial systemIt obtains.
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