CN105548943A - CVT capacitor online monitoring method based on CVT secondary voltage monitoring - Google Patents

CVT capacitor online monitoring method based on CVT secondary voltage monitoring Download PDF

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CN105548943A
CN105548943A CN201610047681.6A CN201610047681A CN105548943A CN 105548943 A CN105548943 A CN 105548943A CN 201610047681 A CN201610047681 A CN 201610047681A CN 105548943 A CN105548943 A CN 105548943A
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cvt
voltage
secondary voltage
electric capacity
difference
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CN105548943B (en
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温才权
禤海贞
宋永佳
韦鑫
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Wuzhou Bureau of Extra High Voltage Power Transimission Co
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Wuzhou Bureau of Extra High Voltage Power Transimission Co
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
    • G01R35/02Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of auxiliary devices, e.g. of instrument transformers according to prescribed transformation ratio, phase angle, or wattage rating

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a CVT capacitor online monitoring method based on CVT secondary voltage monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: S10, carrying out the parallel reading of at least one CVT secondary voltage value and a change speed through a plant station monitoring system, and setting a reference voltage; S20, carrying out the statistics of the duration time of all CVT secondary voltage changes, carrying out the filtering of the secondary voltages of all CVTs, and switching to step S30 if the secondary voltage change speed of one CVT is greater than a set change speed; S30, calculating the difference between the CVT secondary voltage value and the reference voltage: judging that the secondary voltage of the CVT is abnormal if the difference is greater than or equal to a first voltage threshold value or the duration time exceeds the set time, and switching to step S40; S40, judging whether the difference between the CVT secondary voltage value and the reference voltage is located between the first voltage threshold value and a second voltage threshold value nor not: judging the capacitor breakdown of the CVT if the difference is located between the first voltage threshold value and the second voltage threshold value. Through the CVT secondary voltage, the method can accurately judge the operation condition of a CVT capacitor, carries out deep processing through employing the data of the plant station monitoring system, does not need to add equipment, and improves the reliability.

Description

A kind of CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power online detection technique field, be specifically related to a kind of CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage.
Background technology
Existing prerun regular inspection cannot find that the electric capacity of capacitance type potential transformer (English is abbreviated as CVT) punctures defect: existing prerun code is to ratio error, angular difference test no requirement (NR), and " People's Republic of China's national metrological verification regulations---electric power mutual-inductor " requires the every 4 years fiducial errors to voltage transformer (VT) to measure once, and bus CVT does not connect metering, therefore do not carry out error testing project before bus CVT.
Comparatively difficulty is carried out to the error testing that CVT implements, need corresponding qualification, and test apparatus is comparatively huge, and country is comparatively strict to ratio error testing and control, a general province just only has a unit to have qualification to carry out this test, and its job placement is fuller, is difficult to be arranged into the duration.
CVT ratio error is generally caused by capacitance variations in theory, and prerun code has test request to electric capacity, dielectric loss, but its accuracy requirement is lower, cannot meet the test request of ratio error.Prerun regulatory requirements capacitance is no more than-5% ~+10%, tan δ and is not more than 0.5%.And CVT accuracy requirement is generally 0.5% or 0.2%, far above capacitance error requirements.Therefore do electric capacity, dielectric loss requirement according to existing prerun code, cannot detect because electric capacity punctures the ratio error excessive problem caused.And existing CVT on-Line Monitor Device, " the CVT on-line monitoring system " that be 201110003819.X as application number needs to install sensor additional at the scene, arrange based on prerun code, be difficult to ensure acquisition precision, less demanding, cause finding the hidden danger such as capacitor breakdown, and CVT ratio error after capacitor breakdown, can be caused defective, cause continuous data mistake.
The precision of the dielectric loss measuring instrument of existing measurement electric capacity, dielectric loss is generally 1% or 0.5%, cannot testing accuracy be the ratio error of 0.5%.Such as, the capacity cell of the multiple CVT of certain 500kV transformer station punctures, but when prerun is tested, its result is but in acceptability limit, therefore existing on-Line Monitor Device, power failure prerun regular inspection all cannot find the defect that CVT electric capacity punctures, and due to CVT electric capacity comparatively large, ratio error test is higher to the capacity requirement of instrument, carries out ratio error test comparatively difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above-mentioned problems of the prior art, a kind of CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage is proposed, by substation supervisory control system, when CVT runs, carry out CVT ratio error anticipation test, monitoring, effectively can reduce monitoring difficulty, expense, and the effect of on-line monitoring can be reached.
For reaching the object of foregoing invention, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Based on the CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method that CVT secondary voltage monitors, be applied to substation supervisory control system, comprise the steps:
Step S10, to be walked abreast the secondary voltage numerical value and pace of change that read in real time at least one CVT by substation supervisory control system, and chooses reference voltage according to default;
Step S20, adds up the duration of the secondary voltage change of each CVT, and filters the secondary voltage pace of change of each CVT, for a CVT, if its secondary voltage pace of change is greater than setting pace of change, then enter step S30;
Step S30, calculates the secondary voltage numerical value of this CVT and the difference of reference voltage; If difference is more than or equal to the first voltage threshold, or the duration exceedes setting-up time, then judge that the secondary voltage of this CVT is abnormal, and enter step S40;
Step S40, judges whether the secondary voltage numerical value of this CVT and the difference of reference voltage are between the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold, are, judge that the electric capacity of this CVT punctures.
Further, also comprise step S41, if the electric capacity of this CVT punctures, then according to secondary voltage before breakdown after numerical difference calculate breakdown electric capacity number.
Further, also comprise step S31, if the difference of the secondary voltage numerical value of this CVT and reference voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, or when the duration is less than setting-up time, judge that this CVT secondary voltage reason of changes is as system exception.
Further, also comprise step S32, judge that whether the beginning and ending time of the secondary voltage change of each CVT is identical, if then decision-making system electric voltage exception; If not, then whether the secondary voltage numerical value of more each CVT and the difference of reference voltage exceed tertiary voltage threshold value, and whether the duration exceedes setting-up time, if be, whether the electric current then judging this interval, CVT place is zero, if then judge that this interval, CVT place has a power failure, then judge the secondary circuit failure of this CVT if not.
Further, described CVT series capacitance breakdown electric capacity number n and secondary voltage have following relation: n=n 2u oncen 1(1/U secondary-1/U, secondary), according to the changing value of CVT secondary voltage be U, secondary-U secondary, U before described CVT secondary voltage change secondaryfor: U secondary=U once* n 2/ (n 1+ n 2) * N 1, the rear U of described CVT secondary voltage change, secondaryfor: U, secondary=U once* n 2/ (n 1+ n 2-n) * N 1, wherein U oncefor CVT primary voltage, n 1for the series capacitance number of CVT capacitance partial pressure part, n 2for the series capacitance number at CVT electromagnet portion primary side two ends, N 1for the transformer voltage ratio of CVT electromagnet portion, n is breakdown electric capacity number.
Further, described first voltage threshold, the second voltage threshold and tertiary voltage threshold value set according to a breakdown secondary voltage percentage change that causes of electric capacity respectively.
Further, described setting-up time is at least the most long delay of back-up protection and breaker actuation time sum.
Further, the secondary voltage of described real-time at least one CVT of reading, after gathering secondary voltage instantaneous value, be converted to secondary voltage difference as storage of history data P, and to preserve a secondary data at set intervals, if the secondary voltage difference collecting current time is greater than the first voltage threshold than secondary voltage difference for the previous period, then contrast with the data of lower a period of time, if this value is still constant, then these data are preserved, if this value is recovered, then save as data for the previous period.
Further, in described step S40, when judging that CVT electric capacity punctures, automatically the phase voltage of entirely standing, secondary voltage data are carried out failure wave-recording, and the fault CVT data utilizing substation supervisory control system to judge are preserved together.
A kind of CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage of the present invention, has following beneficial effect:
1, relatively existing CVT on-Line Monitor Device: monitoring accuracy is high, effectively can solve the problem that cannot monitor that minority electric capacity punctures.Small investment, without the need to increasing sensor, secondary circuit, monitoring equipment; Good in anti-interference performance, CVT secondary voltage runs comparatively stable, avoids the impact of on-the-spot electromagnetic interference (EMI).
2. relatively existing interruption maintenance: without the need to the test of large-scale ratio error, carrying out without the need to having a power failure, can reach on-line monitoring, invest low, use manpower and material resources sparingly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is CVT structure principle chart.
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method based on the supervision of CVT secondary voltage of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, be the structure principle chart of CVT, CVT structurally forms primarily of capacitance partial pressure portion 1 and electromagnetism portion 2, capacitance partial pressure part C1 and C2 two parts.As certain CVT is made up of 3 joint insulators in shape, C11 and C12 respectively upper, in two joint insulators, C13 and C2 is in lower joint insulator and linked together by flange and electromagnet portion.CVT is for following parameter in the present embodiment: the electric capacity of joint insulator has 154 elements, and wherein C13 has 130 elements, and C2 has 24 elements, and under normal circumstances, the electric capacity of discrete component is 2.35 μ about F.
Utilizing the voltage divider principle of capacitor, is the acceptable middle pressure of transformer by the high-voltage variable of primary side, then from transformer, middle pressure is become the acceptable low pressure of secondary device (voltage between phases is 100V), suppose C11, capacitance after C12, C13 series connection is C1, and the no-load voltage ratio of transformer is N 1, then CVT secondary voltage is:
When CVT electric capacity punctures, capacitance changes, and now secondary voltage changes immediately, can judge the ruuning situation of electric capacity according to the change of secondary voltage, but secondary voltage also can change with primary voltage, therefore need the situation rejecting primary system change in voltage.
The CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage of the present invention, can reject the impact of primary system change in voltage on secondary voltage, thus find out the relation of electric capacity and voltage; CVT electric capacity punctures and causes the feature of secondary voltage exception to be: secondary voltage is larger than reference value; Along with the aggravation of ruuning situation, its difference can increase gradually; Duration is longer, can not recover along with the recovery of fault.
Referring to Fig. 2, for above-mentioned feature, the schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the present invention, comprises the steps:
Step S10, to be walked abreast the secondary voltage numerical value and pace of change that read in real time at least one CVT by substation supervisory control system, and chooses reference voltage according to default;
Because the method is as primary voltage using working voltage, its voltage can change at any time, and voltage added when testing unlike ratio error is a reference voltage, therefore the matter of utmost importance of this system chooses reference voltage exactly, and the selection of reference voltage can take following measure:
An artificial selected reference voltage, time selected, to have done ratio error test recently, minimum one of ratio error be optimum;
Automatic selection, arranges all CVT voltage, gets rid of the CVT that error is maximum, then gets remaining mean value;
Step S20, adds up the duration of the secondary voltage change of each CVT, and filters the secondary voltage pace of change of each CVT, for a CVT, if its secondary voltage pace of change is greater than setting pace of change S, then enters step S30;
Step S30, calculates the secondary voltage numerical value of this CVT and the difference of reference voltage; If difference is more than or equal to the first voltage threshold Q1, or the duration exceedes setting-up time T, then judge that the secondary voltage of this CVT is abnormal, and enter step S40;
Step S40, judges whether the secondary voltage numerical value of this CVT and the difference of reference voltage are between the first voltage threshold Q1 and the second voltage threshold Q2, are, judge that the electric capacity of this CVT punctures.
Be further used as an embodiment, also comprise step S41, if the electric capacity of this CVT punctures, then according to secondary voltage before breakdown after numerical difference calculate breakdown electric capacity number.
Because system voltage change, CVT secondary circuit failure all may cause secondary voltage to change, therefore must impose a condition, eliminating electric capacity punctures the secondary voltage change that outer all conditions causes.
The electric voltage exception that the system failure causes has following features:
A1. change in voltage is fast, and generic failure is all isolated within 100ms, even if rely on the back-up protection actions such as three phases un identical protection, and generally also can by fault isolation within the several seconds.
A2. secondary change amplitude is large, the voltage drop of faulty line and the distance of trouble spot to CVT installation place, the structure of electrical network, and fault signature etc. have relation, but the general CVT electric capacity that is all greater than punctures the secondary voltage caused and changes.
A3. secondary voltage pressure reduction affects little by the system failure, and during the system failure, the secondary voltage with the multiple CVT in a plant stand changes simultaneously, and system reference voltage and CVT secondary voltage change simultaneously, and therefore secondary voltage pressure reduction does not affect by the system failure substantially.
A4. voltage is in the change that declines, and its amplitude declined and system architecture, fault type, there is relation fault and CVT infield etc.And CVT electric capacity punctures and causes voltage to raise.
Secondary circuit failure causes the feature of secondary voltage exception as follows:
B1 is when secondary circuit breaks, and change amplitude is large, and being generally single-phase bust is near 0.
B2 when secondary circuit insulation low, or insulation recovery insulate again low frequent switchings time, secondary voltage frequent variations, change amplitude large.And CVT electric capacity is when puncturing, secondary voltage change is comparatively slow, and in the change increased gradually, insulate lowly to cause secondary voltage then in repeatedly changeable change.
B3 voltage is in the change that declines, and its amplitude declined and system architecture, fault type, there is relation fault and CVT infield etc.And CVT electric capacity punctures and causes voltage to raise.
For the feature of the system failure, another embodiment of the present invention is, also comprises step S31, if the difference of the secondary voltage numerical value of this CVT and reference voltage is less than the first voltage threshold Q1, or the duration is when being less than setting-up time T, judge that this CVT secondary voltage reason of changes is as system exception.
For secondary circuit failure feature, and the fault characteristic that system overvoltage produces, as another embodiment of the present invention, also comprise step S32, judge that whether the beginning and ending time of the secondary voltage change of each CVT is identical, if then decision-making system electric voltage exception; If not, then whether the secondary voltage numerical value of more each CVT and the difference of reference voltage exceed tertiary voltage threshold value Q3, and whether the duration exceedes setting-up time T, if be, whether the electric current then judging interval, CVT place is zero, if then judge that the interval at this CVT place has a power failure, then judge the secondary circuit failure of this CVT if not.
Further, the numerical relation according to CVT series capacitance number and secondary voltage can calculate breakdown electric capacity number, and circular is as described below:
Suppose that C1 has n1 electric capacity, C2 has n2 electric capacity, and suppose that an electric capacity of C1 punctures, then its change in voltage is:
U secondary=U once* n 2/ (n 1+ n 2) * N 1(2)
U` secondary=U once* n 2/ (n 1+ n 2-1) * N 1(3)
Error rate is: 1/ (n 1+ n 2-1) ... ... ... ... (4)
Wherein U oncefor CVT primary voltage, U secondaryfor CVT secondary voltage, n 1for the series capacitance number of CVT capacitance partial pressure part, n 2for the series capacitance number at CVT electromagnet portion primary side two ends, N 1for the transformer voltage ratio of CVT electromagnet portion.
First voltage threshold Q1, the second voltage threshold Q2 and tertiary voltage threshold value Q3, can puncture according to an electric capacity and cause secondary voltage percentage change to set.In the present embodiment, preferably setting the first voltage threshold Q1 is 0.5* (U' secondary-U secondary); second voltage threshold Q2, tertiary voltage threshold value Q3; setting pace of change S and setting-up time T can rule of thumb, on-the-spot ruuning situation sets, wherein setting-up time T generally should be greater than the most long delay of back-up protection and breaker actuation time sum, is such as set as 10 seconds.
According to above-mentioned formula (2) and (3), can suppose that n the electric capacity of C1 punctures, then secondary voltage is changed to:
U secondary=U once* n 2/ (n 1+ n 2) * N 1(5)
U` secondary=U once* n 2/ (n 1+ n 2-n) * N 1(6)
Error rate is: 1/ (n 1+ n 2-n) ... (7)
Because when electric capacity punctures, angular deviation is less, suppose that it is 0, then secondary voltage is for being U , secondary-U secondary, can derive according to above formula and show that CVT series capacitance punctures number and with the numerical relation of secondary voltage is:
N=n 2u oncen 1(1/U secondary-1/U , secondary) ... (8)
What can calculate electric capacity by above-mentioned formula (8) punctures number.
Real time data comparative analysis is as follows:
In order to the more intuitive secondary voltage to full station is analyzed, list lattice is pressed to the CVT secondary voltage at full station and carries out pre-service, in the present embodiment, illustrate with four of Quan Zhanzhong CVT.
Table 1
Pressure reduction accounting is: voltage difference/reference voltage * 100%.Puncturing sheet number is result of calculation after voltage difference brings formula (8) into.
For convenience of explanation during abnormal parameters secondary voltage and other parameters relative to concrete change during normal value, list four kinds of state parameters in Table 1, one CVT is in normal operating condition, 2nd CVT is in power down mode, 3rd CVT is in electric capacity breakdown conditions, and the 4th CVT is in secondary circuit failure state.
In order to screen valid data, the data of secondary voltage exception being got rid of, needs to process data.In order to simplify calculating, the general secondary voltage only reading at least one CVT in real time of system, after gathering secondary voltage instantaneous value, be converted to secondary voltage difference as storage of history data P, and to preserve a secondary data at set intervals, if the secondary voltage difference collecting current time is greater than the first voltage threshold than secondary voltage difference for the previous period, then contrast with the data of lower a period of time, if this value is still constant, then these data are preserved, if this value is recovered, then save as data for the previous period, in the present embodiment, preferably 5 minutes as interval time, this kind of method can save the statistical computation amount of computing machine greatly, the travelling speed of quickening system.
In order to analyze the situation that CVT electric capacity punctures, when judging that CVT electric capacity punctures, automatically the phase voltage of entirely standing, secondary voltage data are carried out failure wave-recording, and the between-failures data utilizing supervisory system to judge are preserved together.The record ripple time is past for the previous period from fault moment, such as 2 seconds, a period of time after fault recovery, such as 5 seconds.
Above-described embodiment only in order to the present invention is described and and unrestricted technical scheme described in the invention; Therefore, although this instructions with reference to each above-mentioned embodiment to present invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and still can modify to the present invention or equivalent to replace; And all do not depart from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1., based on the CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method that CVT secondary voltage monitors, be applied to substation supervisory control system, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step S10, to be walked abreast the secondary voltage numerical value and pace of change that read in real time at least one CVT by substation supervisory control system, and chooses reference voltage according to default;
Step S20, adds up the duration of the secondary voltage change of each CVT, and filters the secondary voltage pace of change of each CVT, for a CVT, if its secondary voltage pace of change is greater than setting pace of change, then enter step S30;
Step S30, calculates the secondary voltage numerical value of this CVT and the difference of reference voltage; If difference is more than or equal to the first voltage threshold, or the duration exceedes setting-up time, then judge that the secondary voltage of this CVT is abnormal, and enter step S40;
Step S40, judges whether the secondary voltage numerical value of this CVT and the difference of reference voltage are between the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold, are, judge that the electric capacity of this CVT punctures.
2. according to claim 1 based on CVT secondary voltage monitor CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method, it is characterized in that, also comprise step S41, if the electric capacity of this CVT punctures, then according to secondary voltage before breakdown after numerical difference calculate breakdown electric capacity number.
3. the CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise step S31, if the difference of the secondary voltage numerical value of this CVT and reference voltage is less than the first voltage threshold, or the duration is when being less than setting-up time, judge that this CVT secondary voltage reason of changes is as system exception.
4. the CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, also comprise step S32, judges that whether the beginning and ending time of the secondary voltage change of each CVT is identical, if then decision-making system electric voltage exception; If not, then whether the secondary voltage numerical value of more each CVT and the difference of reference voltage exceed tertiary voltage threshold value, and whether the duration exceedes setting-up time, if be, whether the electric current then judging interval, CVT place is zero, if then judge that the interval at this CVT place has a power failure, then judge the secondary circuit failure of this CVT if not.
5. the CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described CVT series capacitance breakdown electric capacity number n and secondary voltage have following relation: n=n 2u oncen 1(1/U secondary-1/U` secondary), be U` according to the changing value of CVT secondary voltage secondary-U secondary, U before described CVT secondary voltage change secondaryfor: U secondary=U once* n 2/ (n 1+ n 2) * N 1, U` after described CVT secondary voltage change secondaryfor: U` secondary=U once* n 2/ (n 1+ n 2-n) * N 1, wherein U oncefor CVT primary voltage, n 1for the series capacitance number of CVT capacitance partial pressure part, n 2for the series capacitance number at CVT electromagnet portion primary side two ends, N 1for the transformer voltage ratio of CVT electromagnet portion, n is breakdown electric capacity number.
6. the CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described first voltage threshold, the second voltage threshold and tertiary voltage threshold value set according to a breakdown secondary voltage percentage change that causes of electric capacity respectively.
7. the CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described setting-up time is at least the most long delay of back-up protection and breaker actuation time sum.
8. the CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the secondary voltage of described real-time at least one CVT of reading, after gathering secondary voltage instantaneous value, be converted to secondary voltage difference as storage of history data P, and to preserve a secondary data at set intervals, if the secondary voltage difference collecting current time is greater than the first voltage threshold than secondary voltage difference for the previous period, then contrast with the data of lower a period of time, if this value is still constant, then these data are preserved, if this value is recovered, then save as data for the previous period.
9. the CVT electric capacity on-line monitoring method monitored based on CVT secondary voltage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step S40, when judging that CVT electric capacity punctures, automatically the phase voltage of entirely standing, secondary voltage data are carried out failure wave-recording, and the fault CVT data utilizing substation supervisory control system to judge are preserved together.
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CN106646324A (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-05-10 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 CVT metering error abnormal state evaluation method and CVT metering error abnormal state evaluation system
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CN106597349A (en) * 2017-01-25 2017-04-26 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 CVT measurement error on-line monitoring method and CVT measurement error on-line monitoring system based on secondary voltage
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CN106597349B (en) * 2017-01-25 2023-05-23 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 CVT metering error on-line monitoring method and system based on secondary voltage
CN106772200B (en) * 2017-01-25 2023-07-21 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 CVT metering error abnormity evaluation method and system based on capacitance-to-ground current
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CN111751777B (en) * 2020-06-29 2024-03-01 深圳供电局有限公司 Voltage transformer running state diagnosis method

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