CN105548501A - Detection method for Cd absorption and distribution characteristics of longan - Google Patents
Detection method for Cd absorption and distribution characteristics of longan Download PDFInfo
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- CN105548501A CN105548501A CN201610059539.3A CN201610059539A CN105548501A CN 105548501 A CN105548501 A CN 105548501A CN 201610059539 A CN201610059539 A CN 201610059539A CN 105548501 A CN105548501 A CN 105548501A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0098—Plants or trees
Abstract
The invention discloses a detection method for Cd absorption and distribution characteristics of longan. The detection method comprises the steps: culturing five groups of 'Songfengben' longan in culture soil; separately irrigating a cadmium chloride solution to the culture soil of four groups, i.e., a group A, a group B, a group C and a group D; after the five groups of longan fruit, separately sampling branch and leaf samples, root samples and pulp samples from the five groups of longan, baking the branch and leaf samples, root samples and pulp samples until the weight is constant, and grinding the baked samples for later use; separately preparing solutions to be detected, and separately detecting the concentration of Cd in the solutions to be detected. According to the detection method, the Cd absorption and distribution characteristics of the longan are found out by irrigating the longan through the cadmium chloride solution; the rule of accumulation of different organ tissue in a fruit tree is studied by taking heavy metal Cd as an object of study, so that an important theoretical basis is provided for the pollution-free production of the longan; the condition of content of the heavy metal Cd in a tree body is analyzed so as to take reasonable measures in time, and thus, the production of pollution-free longan is guaranteed; the detection method disclosed by the invention is simple, accurate, effective and scientific and is high in feasibility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention and longan culture technique field, the particularly absorption of a kind of longan to Cd and the detection method of distribution character.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern agriculture, constantly increase the input amount of chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals for improving pedological unit area output; In order to alleviate and the sewage irrigation solving water resource anxiety and adopt and land treatment system; For improving discharge of soil organic matter content and the mud used and house refuse and industrial and mining enterprises' discarded object etc., these processes and measure all make the semi-invariant of polluter in soil environment increase gradually, finally cause Soil Environmental Pollution, heavy metal pollution of soil has become one of major obstacles of restriction China's Agricultural international trade and Sustainable Socioeconomic Development.
Pb and Cd is one of heavy metal element that environment Poisoning is the strongest, is very easily absorbed by plants, and accumulates in root, stem, leaf and fruit, by food chain enrichment, is detrimental to health.Longan is as China special product name fruit, and one of Ye Shi Fujian Province fruit mainstay industry, the Cumulate Sum regularity of distribution of research Pb and Cd in fruit tree body, formulates corresponding control measures, reduces fruit tree and has important directive significance to the absorption of Pb and Cd and enrichment.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for solve the problems of the technologies described above for provide a kind of accurately, the effective absorption of longan to Cd and the detection method of distribution character.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The absorption of longan to Cd and a detection method for distribution character, comprise the following steps:
Step one, loose this longan of wind selecting five groups can yield positive results for 3 years are respectively A, B, C, D, E group, often group is respectively five to ten these longans of strain pine wind, put into compost to cultivate, described compost is pH value 6.5, the content 0.435mg/kg of Cd, the sandy loam of content of organic matter 12.1g/kg;
Step 2,6 to July carry out the process of pouring cadmium chloride solution respectively to A, B, C, D tetra-groups of composts, cadmium chloride solution concentration is respectively A:400mg/kg, B:200mg/kg, C:100mg/kg, D:50mg/kg, every day waters 250mL, maintains the time of two to three months; Carry out pouring Pure water preparation for E group compost, every day waters 250mL, maintains the time of two to three months;
After step 3, five groups of longan results, gather the branches and leaves sample on five groups of longans, root sample and Meat Sample respectively, Meat Sample directly dried to constant weight, grind, for subsequent use, branches and leaves sample and root sample wash is clean, the 100-110 DEG C of 25-35min that completes, dry to constant weight, grind, for subsequent use;
Step 4, by branches and leaves sample, root sample and the Meat Sample after grinding, make liquid to be measured respectively, and detect the concentration of the Cd in liquid to be measured respectively.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: by the pouring of cadmium chloride solution to longan, verify the feature of longan to Cd absorption and distribution, take heavy metal Cd as research object, grope the Accumulation at fruit tree different organ and tissue, for longan No-harmful apple orchard provides Important Theoretic Foundation, the content situation of Cd heavy metal in parsing tree body, to take reasonable measure in time, ensure the production of nuisanceless longan, this detection method is simple, accurate and effective, science, feasibility be strong.
As a kind of preferred structure of the present invention, the branches and leaves sample gathered in described step 3 on five groups of longans is divided into result branches and leaves sample and nutrition branches and leaves sample, and result branches and leaves sample and nutrition branches and leaves sample are respectively result branches and leaves and nutrition branches and leaves down get the 2nd or the 3rd pair of leaflet of the 2nd pair of compound leaf by top.So, result of study branches and leaves and nutrition branches and leaves respectively, make the distribution research of longan to Cd more accurate, perfect, comprehensive.
As a kind of preferred structure of the present invention, the root sample gathered in described step 3 on five groups of longans is the radicula of diameter about lmm.So, use radicula is root sample, more easily grinds, and improves the efficiency of detection method.
As a kind of preferred structure of the present invention, in described step 3, gather mellow fruit consistent sized by the Meat Sample on five groups of longans.So, use mellow fruit is Meat Sample, and what we all ate in edible process is mellow fruit, and using mellow fruit to detect is accurately, representative.
As a kind of preferred structure of the present invention, in described step 5, branches and leaves sample, root sample and the Meat Sample after grinding is made liquid to be measured respectively, comprises the following steps:
Get the branches and leaves sample after grinding, root sample and Meat Sample 0.5g respectively, be placed in teflon and clear up in inner canister, add 5mL nitric acid, cover obturating cup, put into and clear up outer tank, screw lid, put into microwave dissolver to clear up, after clearing up end, take out counteracting tank, after outer tank pressure drop, take out inner canister, top tank structure and obturating cup in rinsing with distilled water, be settled to 50mL, and move in plastic bottle for subsequent use, as the liquid to be measured measured.So, make sample under certain conditions by teflon counteracting tank, and nitric acid produces chemical reaction, the Cd in better sample dissolution, improve detection accuracy.
As a kind of preferred structure of the present invention, its digestion process comprises:
S1, under the pressure of 2MPa, working time 1min,
S2, under the pressure of 8MPa, working time 1min,
S3, under the pressure of 10MPa, working time 1min,
S4, under the pressure of 15MPa, working time 4min.
So, provide the parameter of digestion process further, make digestion process fully and completely.
Embodiment
By describing technology contents of the present invention, structural attitude in detail, being realized object and effect, be explained in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
The absorption of longan of the present invention to Cd and the detection method of distribution character, comprise the following steps:
Step one, loose this longan of wind selecting five groups can yield positive results for 3 years are respectively A, B, C, D, E group, often group is respectively five to ten these longans of strain pine wind, put into compost to cultivate, described compost is pH value 6.5, the content 0.435mg/kg of Cd, the sandy loam of content of organic matter 12.1g/kg;
This longan of pine wind growth potential, a branch ability are strong, and tree-like the first transaction of a day's business becomes flower bearing capacity stronger.Ripe late, fruit in 8 months, the last ten-days period are ripe.Fruit stays tree to keep about 12 ~ 15 days complete ripeness time.Strong adaptability, stabilization characteristics of genetics.Fruit ear is comparatively neat, compact; The nearly spheroidal of fruit, fruit is evenly large, single fruit weight 12 ~ 14 grams, and pericarp is khaki, and outward appearance is good; Pulp is slightly soft, and change slag, slightly clingstone, taste is sweet, soluble solid content 20.59% ~ 21.53%, edible rate 64.96%; Seed is oblate, weighs 2.55 grams, and seed coat shrinks not obvious.Therefore select loose this longan of wind as carrier of the present invention, representative, clearly clearly embody longan to the absorption of Cd and distribution character.
Sandy loam refers to the soil that glutinous grain in soil particle composition, powder, sand grain content are moderate, and sandy soil refer to that silt content accounts for 80%, and clay accounts for the soil of about 20%, and sandy loam is exactly the soil between loam and sandy soil.
Step 2,6 to July carry out the process of pouring cadmium chloride solution respectively to A, B, C, D tetra-groups of composts, cadmium chloride solution concentration is respectively A:400mg/kg, B:200mg/kg, C:100mg/kg, D:50mg/kg, every day waters 250mL, maintains the time of two to three months; Carry out pouring Pure water preparation for E group compost, every day waters 250mL, maintains the time of two to three months;
Cadmium chloride solution adopts national standard cadmium chloride solution to carry out dilution method configuration.
After step 3, five groups of longan results, gather the branches and leaves sample on five groups of longans, root sample and Meat Sample respectively, Meat Sample directly dried to constant weight, grind, for subsequent use, branches and leaves sample and root sample wash is clean, the 100-110 DEG C of 25-35min that completes, dry to constant weight, grind, for subsequent use;
The branches and leaves sample gathered on five groups of longans is divided into result branches and leaves sample and nutrition branches and leaves sample, and result branches and leaves sample and nutrition branches and leaves sample are respectively result branches and leaves and nutrition branches and leaves down get the 2nd or the 3rd pair of leaflet of the 2nd pair of compound leaf by top.
Result branches and leaves be directly raw flower or inflorescence the branch that can yield positive results.Nutrition branches and leaves are the branch that elongation is planted in a strain, and fast, uprightly, itself can not bloom, and just can normally must bloom at the branch of Second Year new life in growth.Result of study branches and leaves and nutrition branches and leaves respectively, make the distribution research of longan to Cd more accurate, perfect, comprehensive.
The root sample gathered on five groups of longans is the radicula of diameter about lmm.Use radicula is root sample, more easily grinds, and improves the efficiency of detection method.
Gather mellow fruit consistent sized by the Meat Sample on five groups of longans.Use mellow fruit is Meat Sample, and what we all ate in edible process is mellow fruit, and therefore using mellow fruit to be accurately, is representative.
Step 4, by branches and leaves sample, root sample and the Meat Sample after grinding, make liquid to be measured respectively, and detect the concentration of the Cd in liquid to be measured respectively.Branches and leaves sample, root sample and Meat Sample after grinding are made liquid to be measured respectively, comprise the following steps:
Get the branches and leaves sample after grinding, root sample and Meat Sample 0.5g respectively, be placed in teflon and clear up in inner canister, add 5mL nitric acid, cover obturating cup, put into and clear up outer tank, screw lid, put into microwave dissolver to clear up, after clearing up end, take out counteracting tank, after outer tank pressure drop, take out inner canister, top tank structure and obturating cup in rinsing with distilled water, be settled to 50mL, and move in plastic bottle for subsequent use, as the liquid to be measured measured.
Inner canister cleared up by teflon is reactor in order to synthetic chemical under uniform temperature, certain pressure condition provides.Nitric acid is common red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) on the market.Make sample under certain conditions by teflon counteracting tank, and nitric acid produces chemical reaction, the Cd in better sample dissolution, improve detection accuracy.
Further, its digestion process comprises:
S1, under the pressure of 2MPa, working time 1min,
S2, under the pressure of 8MPa, working time 1min,
S3, under the pressure of 10MPa, working time 1min,
S4, under the pressure of 15MPa, working time 4min.
The parameter of digestion process is provided further, makes digestion process fully and completely.
The present invention is by the pouring of cadmium chloride solution to longan, verify the feature of longan to Cd absorption and distribution, take heavy metal Cd as research object, grope the Accumulation at fruit tree different organ and tissue, for longan No-harmful apple orchard provides Important Theoretic Foundation, the content situation of Cd heavy metal in parsing tree body, to take reasonable measure in time, ensure the production of nuisanceless longan, detection method is simple, accurate and effective, science, feasibility be strong.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the absorption of longan to Cd and a detection method for distribution character, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, loose this longan of wind selecting five groups can yield positive results for 3 years are respectively A, B, C, D, E group, often group is respectively five to ten these longans of strain pine wind, put into compost to cultivate, described compost is pH value 6.5, the content 0.435mg/kg of Cd, the sandy loam of content of organic matter 12.1g/kg;
Step 2,6 to July carry out the process of pouring cadmium chloride solution respectively to A, B, C, D tetra-groups of composts, cadmium chloride solution concentration is respectively A:400mg/kg, B:200mg/kg, C:100mg/kg, D:50mg/kg, every day waters 250mL, maintains the time of two to three months; Carry out pouring Pure water preparation for E group compost, every day waters 250mL, maintains the time of two to three months;
After step 3, five groups of longan results, gather the branches and leaves sample on five groups of longans, root sample and Meat Sample respectively, Meat Sample directly dried to constant weight, grind, for subsequent use, branches and leaves sample and root sample wash is clean, the 100-110 DEG C of 25-35min that completes, dry to constant weight, grind, for subsequent use;
Step 4, by branches and leaves sample, root sample and the Meat Sample after grinding, make liquid to be measured respectively, and detect the concentration of the Cd in liquid to be measured respectively.
2. the absorption of longan according to claim 1 to Cd and the detection method of distribution character, it is characterized in that: the branches and leaves sample gathered in described step 3 on five groups of longans is divided into result branches and leaves sample and nutrition branches and leaves sample, result branches and leaves sample and nutrition branches and leaves sample are respectively result branches and leaves and nutrition branches and leaves down get the 2nd or the 3rd pair of leaflet of the 2nd pair of compound leaf by top.
3. the absorption of longan according to claim 1 to Cd and the detection method of distribution character, is characterized in that: the root sample gathered in described step 3 on five groups of longans is the radicula of diameter about lmm.
4. the absorption of longan according to claim 1 to Cd and the detection method of distribution character, is characterized in that: gather mellow fruit consistent sized by the Meat Sample on five groups of longans in described step 3.
5. the absorption of longan according to claim 1 to Cd and the detection method of distribution character, is characterized in that, in described step 5, branches and leaves sample, root sample and the Meat Sample after grinding made liquid to be measured respectively, comprise the following steps:
Get the branches and leaves sample after grinding, root sample and Meat Sample 0.5g respectively, be placed in teflon and clear up in inner canister, add 5mL nitric acid, cover obturating cup, put into and clear up outer tank, screw lid, put into microwave dissolver to clear up, after clearing up end, take out counteracting tank, after outer tank pressure drop, take out inner canister, top tank structure and obturating cup in rinsing with distilled water, be settled to 50mL, and move in plastic bottle for subsequent use, as the liquid to be measured measured.
6. the absorption of longan according to claim 5 to Cd and the detection method of distribution character, is characterized in that, its digestion process comprises:
S1, under the pressure of 2MPa, working time 1min,
S2, under the pressure of 8MPa, working time 1min,
S3, under the pressure of 10MPa, working time 1min,
S4, under the pressure of 15MPa, working time 4min.
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Application publication date: 20160504 |